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Korotkov SM. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Is the General Reason for Apoptosis Induced by Different-Valence Heavy Metals in Cells and Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14459. [PMID: 37833908 PMCID: PMC10572412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the causes and consequences of apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress that occurs in mitochondria and cells exposed to the toxic effects of different-valence heavy metals (Ag+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, As3+, Sb3+, Cr6+, and U6+). The problems of the relationship between the integration of these toxic metals into molecular mechanisms with the subsequent development of pathophysiological processes and the appearance of diseases caused by the accumulation of these metals in the body are also addressed in this review. Such apoptosis is characterized by a reduction in cell viability, the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2), and the activation of protein kinases (ERK, JNK, p53, and p38) by mitogens. Moreover, the oxidative stress manifests as the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, a decline in the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and reduced glutathione and oxygen consumption as well as cytoplasm and matrix calcium overload due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The apoptosis and respiratory dysfunction induced by these metals are discussed regarding their interaction with cellular and mitochondrial thiol groups and Fe2+ metabolism disturbance. Similarities and differences in the toxic effects of Tl+ from those of other heavy metals under review are discussed. Similarities may be due to the increase in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration induced by Tl+ and these metals. One difference discussed is the failure to decrease Tl+ toxicity through metallothionein-dependent mechanisms. Another difference could be the decrease in reduced glutathione in the matrix due to the reversible oxidation of Tl+ to Tl3+ near the centers of ROS generation in the respiratory chain. The latter may explain why thallium toxicity to humans turned out to be higher than the toxicity of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Toxicokinetics of silver element following inhalation of silver nitrate in rats. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:663-670. [PMID: 36436015 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Silver (Ag) and its compounds are priority contaminants, for which toxicological effects are well documented, but their toxicokinetics are not fully documented for a proper risk assessment. While the toxicokinetics of insoluble Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was recently documented, there is a lack of data on the kinetic behavior of the soluble form, such as one of the mostly used silver nitrate (AgNO3) form. This study aimed to better document the toxicokinetics of Ag element following inhalation of soluble AgNO3 for comparison with a previous study on the kinetics of inhaled Ag NPs using a similar experimental design. We exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats to AgNO3 during 6 continuous hours (typical of a daily worker exposure) to determine the kinetic time courses of Ag element in blood, tissues, and excreta over a 14-day period post-exposure. Only a small fraction of Ag was found in lungs following the onset of the 6-h inhalation of AgNO3 (on average (± SD) 0.3 ± 0.1% at the end of the 6-h inhalation). Blood profiles of Ag element showed peak levels right after the end of the 6-h inhalation period and levels decreased rapidly thereafter. Toxicokinetic parameter values calculated from the average blood-concentration profiles showed a mean residence time (MRT) of 135 h and mean half-life (t1/2) of 94 h, with AUC of 2.5 mg/L × h and AUMC of 338 mg/L × h2. In terms of percent of inhaled dose, highest levels of Ag in extrapulmonary organs were found in liver, which represented on average (± SD) 1.6 ± 0.6% of calculated inhaled dose followed by the kidney with 0.1 ± 0.08%. Peak levels in the GI tract (including contents) were found at the end of the 6-h inhalation and represented 20 ± 15.6% of the inhaled dose. The dominant excretion route of Ag was through feces. The time course of Ag element in the GI tract and feces following AgNO3 inhalation is also compatible with an intestinal reabsorption of Ag. When compared to results of Ag NPs of a prior study with the same design, this study showed differences in the kinetics of soluble AgNO3 compared to insoluble Ag NPs, with higher levels in blood, GI tract, and extrapulmonary tissues but lower levels in lungs following AgNO3 exposure.
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Jafarpour Azami S, Mohammad Rahimi H, Mirjalali H, Zali MR. Unravelling Toxoplasma treatment: conventional drugs toward nanomedicine. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:48. [PMID: 33566198 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded animals. Although human toxoplasmosis is mostly latent, pregnant women and immunocompromised patients need effective treatment. There are drugs of choice for treatment of toxoplasmosis; however, due to their side effects and/or their disease stage-specificity, prescription of them is limited. During recent years, nanomedicine has been employed to overcome limitations of conventional drugs. Here, we provided a state-of-the-art review of experimental toxoplasmosis treatment using nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jafarpour Azami
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirjalali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sun C, Zhang W, Ding R, Wang J, Yao L. Mechanism of low concentrations of polystyrene microplastics influence the cytotoxicity of Ag ions to Escherichia coli. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126705. [PMID: 32302904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) with different sizes, surface charges and aging statuses simulated field PSMPs and were applied to understand their cytotoxicity to Escherichia coli. The PSMPs hardly affected the viability, membrane integrity, ROS generation and ATPase activity of E. coli, and the cytotoxicity of field PSMPs is marginal and assumed to be overestimated. Low concentrations (1.0 mg L-1) of PSMPs dynamically affect the cytotoxicity of Ag+ to E. coli through various toxic mechanisms. PSMPs likely mitigated the cytotoxicity of Ag+ during the initial 24 h of co-exposure by protecting the cell membrane, inhibiting ROS generation and/or recovering ATPase activity (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). During prolonged co-exposure for 48 h, nonfunctionalized polystyrene (PS-NF) still mitigated the cytotoxicity of Ag+ by protecting the integrity of the cell membrane, and aged PS-NF slightly affected cytotoxicity. PS-NH2 and PS-COOH intensified the cytotoxicity of Ag+ because PS markedly promoted ROS generation and inhibited ATPase activity. Thus, field PSMPs were assumed to exhibit marginal cytotoxicity to E. coli and can combine with surrounding Ag+ to modify the E. coli population levels and even the structure of aquatic ecosystems. Accordingly, the environmental and health risks of field PSMPs require further intensive investigation, and the combined toxicity effects of field PSMPs with Ag+ should be considered carefully due to their dynamic toxic effects and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Sun
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Weicheng Zhang
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China.
| | - Runrun Ding
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Jianzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China.
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5
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Mohammad Jafari R, Ala M, Goodarzi N, Dehpour AR. Does Pharmacodynamics of Drugs Change After Presenting them as Nanoparticles Like their Pharmacokinetics? Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:807-818. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200128113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
:
Nowadays, the breakthrough in different medical branches makes it feasible to designate
new methods of drug delivery to achieve the most cost-effective and the least unpleasant consequenceimposing
solutions to overcome a wide range of diseases.
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Nanoparticle (NP) drugs entered the therapeutic system, especially in cancer chemotherapy. These
drugs are quite well-known for two traits of being long-acting and less toxic. For a long time, it has
been investigated how NPs will change the kinetics of drugs. However, there are a few studies that inclined
their attention to how NPs affect the dynamics of drugs. In this review, the latter point will
mainly be discussed in an example-based manner. Besides, other particular features of NPs will be
briefly noted.
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NPs are capable of affecting the biologic system as much as a drug. Moreover, NPs could arise a wide
variety of effects by triggering their own receptors. NPs are able to change a receptor function and
manipulate its downstream signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Goodarzi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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De Marchi L, Coppola F, Soares AMVM, Pretti C, Monserrat JM, Torre CD, Freitas R. Engineered nanomaterials: From their properties and applications, to their toxicity towards marine bivalves in a changing environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108683. [PMID: 31539823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of their unique characteristics, the use of Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) is rapidly increasing in industrial, agricultural products, as well as in environmental technology. However, this fast expansion and use make likely their release into the environment with particular concerns for the aquatic ecosystems, which tend to be the ultimate sink for this type of contaminants. Considering the settling behaviour of particulates, benthic organisms are more likely to be exposed to these compounds. In this way, the present review aims to summarise the most recent data available from the literature on ENMs behaviour and fate in aquatic ecosystems, focusing on their ecotoxicological impacts towards marine and estuarine bivalves. The selection of ENMs presented here was based on the OECD's Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN), which involves the safety testing and risk assessment of ENMs. Physical-chemical characteristics and properties, applications, environmental relevant concentrations and behaviour in aquatic environment, as well as their toxic impacts towards marine bivalves are discussed. Moreover, it is also identified the impacts derived from the simultaneous exposure of marine organisms to ENMs and climate changes as an ecologically relevant scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - José M Monserrat
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Av Itália km 8 s/n - Caixa Postal 474, 96200-970, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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7
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García-Serradilla M, Risco C, Pacheco B. Drug repurposing for new, efficient, broad spectrum antivirals. Virus Res 2019; 264:22-31. [PMID: 30794895 PMCID: PMC7114681 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Emerging viruses are a major threat to human health. Recent outbreaks have emphasized the urgent need for new antiviral treatments. For several pathogenic viruses, considerable efforts have focused on vaccine development. However, during epidemics infected individuals need to be treated urgently. High-throughput screening of clinically tested compounds provides a rapid means to identify undiscovered, antiviral functions for well-characterized therapeutics. Repurposed drugs can bypass part of the early cost and time needed for validation and authorization. In this review we describe recent efforts to find broad spectrum antivirals through drug repurposing. We have chosen several candidates and propose strategies to understand their mechanism of action and to determine how resistance to antivirals develops in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés García-Serradilla
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Risco
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pacheco
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Silwal AP, Lu HP. Mode-Selective Raman Imaging of Dopamine-Human Dopamine Transporter Interaction in Live Cells. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:3117-3127. [PMID: 30024721 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is the catecholamine neurotransmitter which interacts with dopamine receptors (DARs) to generate dopaminergic signals in the nervous system. Dopamine transporter (DAT) interacts with DA to maintain DA's homeostasis in synaptic and perisynaptic space. DAT and DARs have great importance in the central nervous system (CNS) because they are associated with the targeted binding of drugs. Interactions of DA, its analogue with DARs, or DAT have been studied extensively to understand the mechanism of the dopaminergic signaling process and several neurodegenerative diseases, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's diseases, addiction, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and bipolar disorder. However, there is still a lack of a risk-free, label-free, and minimally invasive imaging approach to probe the interaction between DA and DAT or DARs. Here, we probed the DA, human dopamine transporter (hDAT), and DA-hDAT interactions in live cells using combined approach of two-photon excited (2PE) fluorescence imaging and mode-selective Raman measurement. We utilized the signature Raman peak at 1287 cm-1 to probe the location of DA and 807 and 1076 cm-1 to probe the DA-hDAT interaction in live cells. We found that the combined approach of mode-selective Raman imaging, 2PE fluorescence imaging, and computational methods is successful to probe and confirm the DA-hDAT interactions in living cells. The probing of the interactions of DARs or DAT with DA or other targeting drugs is crucial for the diagnosis and cure of several neurodegenerative diseases. Also, this analytical approach could be extended to probe other types of protein-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achut P. Silwal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - H. Peter Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Ohio 43403, United States
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Ran L, Zou Y, Cheng J, Lu F. Silver nanoparticles in situ synthesized by polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus sanghuang and composites with chitosan to prepare scaffolds for the regeneration of infected full-thickness skin defects. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 125:392-403. [PMID: 30529352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, silver nanoparticles have widely been used in antibacterial dressings to solve antibiotic resistance problems. However, traditional methods for reducing silver nanoparticles are usually toxic. To overcome this problem, Sanghuangporus sanghuang polysaccharides (FSHPs) were used as a green reducing agent to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a size of 3-35 nm. The FSHPs‑silver nanoparticles (FSHPs-Ag) composite with chitosan solution were then freeze-dried to obtain a porous sponge dressing of chitosan-FSHPs-Ag (CS-FSHPs-Ag). The internal pores of CS-FSHPs-Ag were between 50 and 100 μm and had good swelling and water retention properties, which could provide a moist environment for wounds. Based on the experimental results, the appropriate concentration of AgNPs required for CS-FSHPs-Ag to inhibit Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the material treatment and the blank control group, indicating that the material almost showed no toxicity to L929 cells. Finally, this material was used for dressing animal wounds. The results showed that the CS-FSHPs-Ag promoted wound contraction and internal tissue growth better than the wounds treated with Aquacel® Ag, which indicated that the CS-FSHPs-Ag has a great potential as an ideal wound dressing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoxiao Ran
- College of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yini Zou
- College of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junwen Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Forestry Academy, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Silwal A, Lu HP. Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Signaling Molecules-Dopamine Receptors Interactions in Living Cells. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14849-14857. [PMID: 30555993 PMCID: PMC6289496 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The selective interaction of signaling compounds including neurotransmitters and drugs with the dopamine receptors (DARs) is extremely important for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report a method to probe the selective interactions of signaling compounds with D1 and D2 DARs in living cells using the combined approach of theoretical calculation and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). When signaling compounds such as DA, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxypyrovalerone interact with D1 dopamine receptors (DRD1), the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level is increased. However, the intracellular level of cAMP is decreased when D2 dopamine receptors (DRD2) interact with the abovementioned signaling compounds. In our experiments, we have internalized the silica-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP@SiO2) in living cells to adsorb biologically generated cAMP which was probed by using SERS. Besides adsorptions of cAMP, AgNP@SiO2 has a crucial role for the enhancement of Raman cross section of the samples. We observed the characteristic SERS peaks of cAMP when DRD1-overexpressed cells interact with the signaling compounds; these peaks were not observed for other cells including DRD2-overexpressed and DRD1-DRD2-coexpressed cells. Our experimental approach is successful to probe the intracellular cAMP and characterize the selectivity of signaling compounds to different types of DARs. Furthermore, our experimental approach is highly capable for in vivo studies because it can probe intracellular cAMP using a low input power of incident laser without significant cell damage. Our experimental results and density functional theory calculations showed that 780 and 1503 cm-1 are signature Raman peaks of cAMP. The SERS peak at 780 cm-1 is associated with C-O, C-C, and C-N stretching and symmetric and asymmetric bending of two O-H bonds of cAMP, whereas the SERS peak at 1503 cm-1 is contributed by the O9-H3 bending mode.
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11
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Pantic I, Sarenac D, Cetkovic M, Milisavljevic M, Rakocevic R, Kasas S. Silver Nanomaterials in Contemporary Molecular Physiology Research. Curr Med Chem 2018; 27:411-422. [PMID: 30027845 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180719110432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have numerous potential applications in engineering, industry, biology and medicine. Because of their unique chemical properties, they have become the focus of many research teams all over the world. Silver nanoparticles may exhibit significant antimicrobial and anticancer effects, and they may be a valuable part of various bioassays and biosensors. However, the research on biological and medical uses of AgNPs is related with numerous potential problems and challenges that need to be overcome in the years ahead. Possible toxic effects of silver nanoparticles on living organisms represent a great concern, both in clinical medicine and public health. Nevertheless, in the future, it may be expected that all metallic nanomaterials, including the ones made from silver will greatly benefit almost all natural scientific fields. In this short review, we focus on the recent research on silver nanoparticles in experimental physiology, as well as other areas of fundamental and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pantic
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Haifa, 199 Abba Hushi Blvd. Mount Carmel, Haifa IL-3498838, Israel
| | - David Sarenac
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mila Cetkovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Milisavljevic
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rastko Rakocevic
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia.,Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, United States
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Ecole polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-IPSB-LPMV, BSP/Cubotron 414, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Han JW, Gurunathan S, Choi YJ, Kim JH. Dual functions of silver nanoparticles in F9 teratocarcinoma stem cells, a suitable model for evaluating cytotoxicity- and differentiation-mediated cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7529-7549. [PMID: 29066898 PMCID: PMC5644540 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s145147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit strong antibacterial and anticancer activity owing to their large surface-to-volume ratios and crystallographic surface structure. Owing to their various applications, understanding the mechanisms of action, biological interactions, potential toxicity, and beneficial effects of AgNPs is important. Here, we investigated the toxicity and differentiation-inducing effects of AgNPs in teratocarcinoma stem cells. Materials and methods AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using various analytical techniques such as UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The cellular responses of AgNPs were analyzed by a series of cellular and biochemical assays. Gene and protein expressions were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Results The AgNPs showed typical crystalline structures and spherical shapes (average size =20 nm). High concentration of AgNPs induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner by increasing lactate dehydrogenase leakage and reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, AgNPs caused mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA fragmentation, increased expression of apoptotic genes, and decreased expression of antiapoptotic genes. Lower concentrations of AgNPs induced neuronal differentiation by increasing the expression of differentiation markers and decreasing the expression of stem cell markers. Cisplatin reduced the viability of F9 cells that underwent AgNPs-induced differentiation. Conclusion The results showed that AgNPs caused differentially regulated cytotoxicity and induced neuronal differentiation of F9 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, AgNPs can be used for differentiation therapy, along with chemotherapeutic agents, for improving cancer treatment by targeting specific chemotherapy-resistant cells within a tumor. Furthermore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and differentiation in stem cells could also help in developing new strategies for cancer stem cell (CSC) therapies. The findings of this study could significantly contribute to the nanomedicine because this study is the first of its kind, and our results will lead to new strategies for cancer and CSC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woong Han
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Center (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Center (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jung Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Center (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Center (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gupta S, Kumar V, Joshi KB. Solvent mediated photo-induced morphological transformation of AgNPs-peptide hybrids in water-EtOH binary solvent mixture. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Bui VKH, Park D, Lee YC. Chitosan Combined with ZnO, TiO₂ and Ag Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Wound Healing Applications: A Mini Review of the Research Trends. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E21. [PMID: 30970696 PMCID: PMC6432267 DOI: 10.3390/polym9010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural polymer that has been widely utilized for many purposes in the food, textile, agriculture, water treatment, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Based on its characteristics, including biodegradability, non-toxicity and antimicrobial properties, it has been employed effectively in wound healing applications. Importantly, however, it is necessary to improve chitosan's capacities by combination with zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). In this review of many of the latest research papers, we take a closer look at the antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan combined with ZnO, TiO₂ and Ag NPs and also evaluate the specific wound healing application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Khac Hoang Bui
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Duckshin Park
- Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI), 176 Cheoldobakmulkwan-ro, Uiwang-si 16105, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Young-Chul Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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15
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Guo H, Zhang J, Boudreau M, Meng J, Yin JJ, Liu J, Xu H. Intravenous administration of silver nanoparticles causes organ toxicity through intracellular ROS-related loss of inter-endothelial junction. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:21. [PMID: 27129495 PMCID: PMC4850669 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Administration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to mice could result in their distribution and accumulation in multiple organs, with notable prominence in liver, lungs, and kidneys. However, how AgNPs transport through blood vesicular system to reach the target organs is unclear, and the precise differences in the mechanisms of toxicity between AgNPs and silver ions still remain elusive. In the present research, the pathological changes on these target organs with a focus on inter-endothelial junction was investigated to gain a new insight of AgNPs toxicity by comparing the mechanisms of action of AgNPs and AgNO3. Methods We investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of either citrated-coated AgNPs (10, 75, and 110 nm) or silver nitrate (AgNO3) following 24 h incubations (1–40 μg/mL) in the presence of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Meanwhile, we detected the effects of AgNPs on intercellular conjunction and intracellular ROS by VE-cadherin staining and 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, respectively. To assess in vivo toxicity, we administered single or multiple intravenous injections (25 μg Ag for AgNPs and 2.5 μg Ag for AgNO3 per dose) to mice. Results In the in vitro study, the TEM observation showed that AgNPs were taken up by endothelial cells while AgNO3 was taken up little. Meanwhile AgNPs incubation induced the elevation of intracellular ROS and down-regulation of VE-cadherin between the endothelial cells and affected the cytoskeleton actin reorganization, which could be rescued by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. In contrast, AgNO3 caused direct cell death when the concentration was higher than 20 μg/mL and without ROS induction at lower concentration. The release of AgNPs from leaking vessels induced peripheral inflammation in the liver, lungs, and kidneys, and the severity increased in proportion to the diameter of the AgNPs used. Conclusion It is AgNPs but not AgNO3 that were taken up by vascular endothelial cells and induced intracellular ROS elevated, which was closely related to disruption of the integrity of endothelial layer. The AgNPs-induced leakiness of endothelial cells could mediate the common peripheral inflammation in liver, kidney and lung through intravenous exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0133-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mary Boudreau
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Jie Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-jie Yin
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Liu YX, Karsai A, Anderson DS, Silva RM, Uyeminami DL, Van Winkle LS, Pinkerton KE, Liu GY. Single-Cell Mechanics Provides an Effective Means To Probe in Vivo Interactions between Alveolar Macrophages and Silver Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:15118-29. [PMID: 26562364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell mechanics, derived from atomic force microscopy-based technology, provides a new and effective means to investigate nanomaterial-cell interactions upon in vivo exposure. Lung macrophages represent initial and important responses upon introducing nanoparticles into the respiratory tract, as well as particle clearance with time. Cellular mechanics has previously proven effective to probe in vitro nanomaterial-cell interactions. This study extends technology further to probe the interactions between primary alveolar macrophages (AM) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) upon in vivo exposure. Two types of AgNPs, 20 and 110 nm, were instilled to rat lung at 0.5 mg AgNPs/kg body weight, and allowed 24 h interaction. The consequences of these interactions were investigated by harvesting the primary AMs while maintaining their biological status. Cellular mechanics measurements revealed the diverse responses among AM cells, due to variations in AgNP uptake and oxidative dissolving into Ag(+). Three major responses are evident: zero to low uptake that does not alter cellular mechanics, intracellular accumulation of AgNPs trigger cytoskeleton rearrangement resulting in the stiffening of mechanics, and damage of cytoskeleton that softens the mechanical profile. These effects were confirmed using confocal imaging of F-actin and measurements of reactive oxygen species production. More detailed intracellular interactions will also be discussed on the basis of this study in conjunction with prior knowledge of AgNP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying X Liu
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Arpad Karsai
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Donald S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Rona M Silva
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dale L Uyeminami
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Laura S Van Winkle
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gang-yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Health and the Environment, §Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and ∥Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
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Vashchenko OV, Iermak IL, Krasnikova AO, Lisetski LN. The effects of silver nitrate on the phase state of model multibilayer membranes. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350915020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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De Matteis V, Malvindi MA, Galeone A, Brunetti V, De Luca E, Kote S, Kshirsagar P, Sabella S, Bardi G, Pompa PP. Negligible particle-specific toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles: The role of Ag+ ion release in the cytosol. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:731-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ge L, Li Q, Wang M, Ouyang J, Li X, Xing MMQ. Nanosilver particles in medical applications: synthesis, performance, and toxicity. Int J Nanomedicine 2014. [PMID: 24876773 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s55015.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosilver particles (NSPs), are among the most attractive nanomaterials, and have been widely used in a range of biomedical applications, including diagnosis, treatment, drug delivery, medical device coating, and for personal health care. With the increasing application of NSPs in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding of the mechanisms of NSPs' biological interactions and their potential toxicity. In this review, we first introduce the synthesis routes of NSPs, including physical, chemical, and biological or green synthesis. Then the unique physiochemical properties of NSPs, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activity, are discussed in detail. Further, some recent applications of NSPs in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in medical fields are described. Finally, potential toxicology considerations of NSPs, both in vitro and in vivo, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtao Li
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada ; Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada ; School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada ; Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jun Ouyang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Malcolm M Q Xing
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada ; Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada
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20
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Ge L, Li Q, Wang M, Ouyang J, Li X, Xing MMQ. Nanosilver particles in medical applications: synthesis, performance, and toxicity. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2399-407. [PMID: 24876773 PMCID: PMC4037247 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s55015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosilver particles (NSPs), are among the most attractive nanomaterials, and have been widely used in a range of biomedical applications, including diagnosis, treatment, drug delivery, medical device coating, and for personal health care. With the increasing application of NSPs in medical contexts, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding of the mechanisms of NSPs' biological interactions and their potential toxicity. In this review, we first introduce the synthesis routes of NSPs, including physical, chemical, and biological or green synthesis. Then the unique physiochemical properties of NSPs, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activity, are discussed in detail. Further, some recent applications of NSPs in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in medical fields are described. Finally, potential toxicology considerations of NSPs, both in vitro and in vivo, are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingtao Li
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jun Ouyang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Malcolm MQ Xing
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada
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Korotkov SM, Brailovskaya IV, Kormilitsyn BN, Furaev VV. Tl(+) showed negligible interaction with inner membrane sulfhydryl groups of rat liver mitochondria, but formed complexes with matrix proteins. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 28:149-56. [PMID: 24436107 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Tl(+) on protein sulfhydryl (SH) groups, swelling, and respiration of rat liver mitochondria (RLM) were studied in a medium containing TlNO3 and sucrose, or TlNO3 and KNO3 as well as glutamate plus malate, or succinate plus rotenone. Detected with Ellman's reagent, an increase in the content of the SH groups was found in the inner membrane fraction, and a simultaneous decline was found in the content of the matrix-soluble fraction for RLM, incubated and frozen in 25-75 mM TlNO3 . This increase was greater in the medium containing KNO3 regardless of the presence of Ca(2+) . It was eliminated completely for RLM injected in the medium containing TlNO3 and then washed and frozen in the medium containing KNO3 . Calcium-loaded RLM showed increased swelling and decreased respiration. These results suggest that a ligand interaction of Tl(+) with protein SH groups, regardless of the presence of calcium, may underlie the mechanism of thallium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Korotkov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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22
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Nair PMG, Park SY, Choi J. Evaluation of the effect of silver nanoparticles and silver ions using stress responsive gene expression in Chironomus riparius. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:592-599. [PMID: 23664472 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively used in many commercial products because of their antimicrobial properties and they are therefore released into the environment from various products. A number of genes, especially those representing antioxidant and detoxification pathways, have potential application for studying mechanism of action of environmental pollutants at molecular level. In the present study, the stress responsive transcription of antioxidant and detoxification genes in response to AgNPs and Ag(+) ions exposure is studied in the ecotoxicologically important model species Chironomus riparius. The selected genes were superoxide dismutases (CuZnSOD and MnSOD), catalase (CAT), phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 1 (PHGPx1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), and delta-3, sigma-4 and epsilon-1 classes of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). The mRNA expression levels of each gene were determined after exposure of animals for 24h to three different AgNP and Ag(+) ion concentrations using Real-Time PCR method. Significant up-regulation of CuZnSOD and MnSOD was found after exposure to Ag(+) ions and AgNPs, respectively. The transcript levels of CAT, PHGPx1 and TrxR1 were significantly up-regulated only after exposure to AgNPs and no significant change was observed after exposure to Ag(+) ions. The expression levels of all the GSTs were more pronounced after exposure to AgNPs as compared to Ag(+) ions. The overall results suggest that AgNPs led to pronounced induction of genes related to oxidative stress and detoxification than Ag(+) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash M Gopalakrishnan Nair
- School of Environmental Engineering and Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea
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Prabhu S, Poulose EK. Silver nanoparticles: mechanism of antimicrobial action, synthesis, medical applications, and toxicity effects. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2012. [DOI: 10.1186/2228-5326-2-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1314] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang L, Erasquin UJ, Zhao M, Ren L, Zhang MY, Cheng GJ, Wang Y, Cai C. Stability, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers on titanium substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2885-2894. [PMID: 21774463 DOI: 10.1021/am2004398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we present the first report on the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers immobilized on three types of titanium-based substrates with and without calcium phosphate coating. We show that the amino-terminated PAMAM dendrimers modified with various percentages (0-60%) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) strongly adsorbed on the titanium-based substrates. The resultant dendrimer films effectively inhibited the colonization of the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain PAO1) and, to a lesser extent, the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (SA). The antibacterial activity of the films was maintained even after storage of the samples in PBS for up to 30 days. In addition, the dendrimer films had a low cytotoxicity to human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and did not alter the osteoblast gene expression promoted by the calcium phosphate coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Biomaterials Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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Costa CS, Ronconi JVV, Daufenbach JF, Gonçalves CL, Rezin GT, Streck EL, da Silva Paula MM. In vitro effects of silver nanoparticles on the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 342:51-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Travan A, Pelillo C, Donati I, Marsich E, Benincasa M, Scarpa T, Semeraro S, Turco G, Gennaro R, Paoletti S. Non-cytotoxic Silver Nanoparticle-Polysaccharide Nanocomposites with Antimicrobial Activity. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1429-35. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900039x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Travan
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Chiara Pelillo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Ivan Donati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Monica Benincasa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Tommaso Scarpa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Sabrina Semeraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Gianluca Turco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Renato Gennaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - Sergio Paoletti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
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Panyala NR, Peña-Méndez EM, Havel J. Silver or silver nanoparticles: a hazardous threat to the environment and human health? J Appl Biomed 2008. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2008.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Chen X, Schluesener H. Nanosilver: A nanoproduct in medical application. Toxicol Lett 2008; 176:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1365] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zuvić-Butorac M, Herak-Kramberger CM, Krilov D, Sabolić I, Herak JN. EPR study of lipid phase in renal cortical membrane organelles from intact and cadmium-intoxicated rats. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2005; 1718:44-52. [PMID: 16297857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Revised: 09/23/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated various structure/function correlations at the level of transport proteins in the kidney cell membranes and various intracellular organelles. However, characterization of the lipid phase of these membranes is rare. Here, we report the differences in lipid organization and dynamics of the brush-border membranes (BBM), basolateral membranes (BLM) and endocytotic vesicles (EV), isolated from the kidney cortex of intact rats, studied with the EPR spectroscopy of the spin-labeled membrane lipids. The EPR spectra were analyzed by comparing experimentally observed line shapes with the line shapes calculated according to the theoretical model developed for liquid crystals. In the fitting procedure, three different lipid domains were assumed, which revealed clear differences in the lipid ordering and rotational correlation times, as well as in the lipid partition of these domains in each of the three types of membranes. A similar approach, used to compare the spectroscopic characteristics of BBM from control and cadmium-intoxicated rats, showed significantly changed ordering and increased molecular mobility in the lipid phase of BBM from Cd-treated animals. As tested by an established fluorescence assay, the Cd-induced changes in the lipid mobility co localized with approximately 5-fold higher conductance of BBM for potassium, with unchanged conductance for protons.
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Conrad AH, Stephens AP, Paulsen AQ, Schwarting SS, Conrad GW. Effects of silver ions (Ag+) on contractile ring function and microtubule dynamics during first cleavage in Ilyanassa obsoleta. CELL MOTILITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON 1994; 27:117-32. [PMID: 8162620 DOI: 10.1002/cm.970270204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The terminal phase of cell division involves tight constriction of the cleavage furrow contractile ring, stabilization/elongation of the intercellular bridge, and final separation of the daughter cells. At first cleavage, the fertilized eggs of the mollusk, Ilyanassa obsoleta, form two contractile rings at right angles to each other in the same cytoplasm that constrict to tight necks and partition the egg into a trefoil shape. The cleavage furrow contractile ring (CF) normally constricts around many midbody microtubules (MTs) and results in cleavage; the polar lobe constriction contractile ring (PLC) normally constricts around very few MTs and subsequently relaxes without cleavage. In the presence of Ag+ ions, the PLC 1) begins MT-dependent rapid constriction sooner than controls, 2) encircles more MTs than control egg PLCs, 3) elongates much more than control PLCs, and 4) remains tightly constricted and effectively cleaves the polar lobe from the egg. If Ag(+)-incubated eggs are returned to normal seawater at trefoil, tubulin fluorescence disappears from the PLC neck and the neck relaxes. If nocodazole, a drug that depolymerizes MTs, is added to Ag(+)-incubated eggs during early PLC constriction, the PLC is not stabilized and eventually relaxes. However, if nocodazole is added to Ag(+)-incubated eggs at trefoil, tubulin fluorescence disappears from the PLC neck but the neck remains constricted. These results suggest that Ag+ accelerates and gradually stabilizes the PLC constriction by a mechanism that is initially MT-dependent, but that progressively becomes MT-independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Conrad
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Maine
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King CL, Highashi GI. Schistosoma mansoni: silver ion (Ag +) stimulates and reversibly inhibits lipid-induced cercarial penetration. Exp Parasitol 1992; 75:31-9. [PMID: 1639162 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(92)90119-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Certain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) found on mammalian skin trigger cercariae to penetrate and transform into schistosomules; however, the mechanism by which FAs stimulate cercariae is unknown. In order to determine whether argentophilic papillae concentrated at the apical region of the cercariae are the chemoreceptors that may mediate cercarial response to FAs, an assay assessed the proportion of cercariae that penetrated a 0.25% agar matrix in the presence (61%) and the absence (2.3%) of linolenic acid at 0.22 mM. Silver nitrate (Ag+) which selectively binds to cercarial papillae (Short and Cartrett, J. Parasitol. 59, 1041, 1973) is nontoxic (at 0.09 mM used in this study) as demonstrated by the ability of Ag+ treated cercariae to mature successfully into adult worms (8.8% maturation compared to 10.2% of untreated controls, n = 5) after subcutaneous injection. When Ag+ was added to cercarial suspensions, penetration into linolenic-impregnated agar was significantly inhibited (80.8%). Washing cercariae free of Ag+ reversed this inhibition. These data, as well as observations that both argentophilic papillae and cercarial response to FAs disappeared within 3 to 4 hr after mechanical conversion to schistosomules, implicate argentophilic papillae on cercariae as chemoreceptors for lipid stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L King
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109
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Kone BC, Brenner RM, Gullans SR. Sulfhydryl-reactive heavy metals increase cell membrane K+ and Ca2+ transport in renal proximal tubule. J Membr Biol 1990; 113:1-12. [PMID: 2304068 DOI: 10.1007/bf01869600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms by which nephrotoxic heavy metals injure the proximal tubule are incompletely defined. We used extracellular electrodes to measure the early effects of heavy metals and other sulfhydryl reagents on net K+ and Ca2+ transport and respiration (QO2) of proximal tubule suspensions. Hg2+, Cu2+, and Au3+ (10(-4)M) each caused a rapid net K+ efflux and a delayed inhibition of QO2. The Hg2(+)-induced net K+ release represented passive K+ transport and was not inhibited by barium, tetraethylammonium, or furosemide. Both Hg2+ and Ag+ promoted a net Ca2+ uptake that was nearly coincident with the onset of the net K+ efflux. A delayed inhibition of ouabain-sensitive QO2 and nystatin-stimulated QO2, indicative of Na+, K(+)-ATPase inhibition, was observed after 30 sec of exposure to Hg2+. More prolonged treatment (2 min) of the tubules with Hg2+ resulted in a 40% reduction in the CCCP-uncoupled QO2, indicating delayed injury to the mitochondria. The net K+ efflux was mimicked by the sulfhydryl reagents pCMBS and N-ethylmale-imide (10(-4) M) and prevented by dithiothreitol (DTT) or reduced glutathione (GSH) (10(-4) M). In addition, both DTT and GSH immediately reversed the Ag(+)-induced net Ca2+ uptake. Thus, sulfhydryl-reactive heavy metals cause rapid, dramatic changes in the membrane ionic permeability of the proximal tubule before disrupting Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity or mitochondrial function. These alterations appear to be the result of an interaction of the metal ions with sulfhydryl groups of cell membrane proteins responsible for the modulation of cation permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Kone
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kone BC, Brady HR, Gullans SR. Coordinated regulation of intracellular K+ in the proximal tubule: Ba2+ blockade down-regulates the Na+,K+-ATPase and up-regulates two K+ permeability pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:6431-5. [PMID: 2548216 PMCID: PMC297854 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.16.6431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To avoid large changes in cell K+ content and volume during variations in Na+,K+-ATPase activity, Na+-transporting epithelia must adjust the rate of K+ exit through passive permeability pathways. Recent studies have shown that a variety of passive K+ transport mechanisms may coexist within a cell and may be functionally linked to the activity of the Na+,K+-ATPase. In this study, we have identified three distinct pathways for passive K+ transport that act in concert with the Na+,K+-ATPase to maintain intracellular K+ homeostasis in the proximal tubule. Under control conditions, the total K+ leak of the tubules consisted of discrete Ba2+-sensitive (approximately 65%), quinine-sensitive (approximately 20%), and furosemide-sensitive (approximately 10%) pathways. Following inhibition of the principal K+ leak pathway with Ba2+, the tubules adaptively restored cell K+ content to normal levels. This recovery of cell K+ content was inhibited, in an additive manner, by quinine and furosemide. Following adaptation to Ba2+, the tubules exhibited a 30% reduction in Na+-K+ pump rate coupled with an increase in K+ leak by means of the quinine-sensitive (approximately 70%) and furosemide-sensitive (approximately 280%) pathways. Thus, the proximal tubule maintains intracellular K+ homeostasis by the coordinated modulation of multiple K+ transport pathways. Furthermore, these results suggest that, like Ba2+, other inhibitors of K+ conductance will cause compensatory changes in both the Na+-K+ pump and alternative pathways for passive K+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Kone
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Brady HR, Kone BC, Brenner RM, Gullans SR. Early effects of uranyl nitrate on respiration and K+ transport in rabbit proximal tubule. Kidney Int 1989; 36:27-34. [PMID: 2811055 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1989.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which uranyl nitrate (UN) is toxic to the proximal tubule are incompletely understood. To define these further we studied potassium (K+) transport and oxygen consumption (QO2) in rabbit proximal tubule suspensions in vitro immediately after exposure to UN using extracellular O2- and K+-sensitive electrodes. UN caused a cumulative dose-dependent inhibition of proximal tubule QO2, with a threshold concentration of 5 x 10(-5) M. Kinetic analysis suggested two patterns of cell injury: a higher affinity inhibition of QO2 with a Ki of 5 x 10(-4) M, and a lower affinity inhibition of QO2 with a Ki of 10 mM. QO2 was studied in detail in the presence of these Ki concentrations of UN to define the initial cellular events. The results indicated that different cellular processes displayed different sensitivities to UN. At submillimolar concentrations UN caused progressive selective inhibition of ouabain-insensitive QO2 (15% inhibition at 2 minutes). Ouabain-sensitive QO2 and nystatin-stimulated QO2 were not affected, suggesting that Na+,K+-ATPase activity and its coupling to mitochondrial ATP synthesis were intact. Direct measurement of proximal tubule net K+ flux confirmed that Na+,K+-ATPase activity was unchanged. Similarly, UN did not inhibit basal (state 4) or ADP-stimulated (state 3) mitochondrial QO2 in digitonin-permeabilized tubules, confirming that the mitochondria were intact. In contrast, higher concentrations of UN (greater than or equal to 1 mM) caused rapid inhibition of QO2 and net K+ efflux, due to inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase activity and mitochondrial injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Brady
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Brady HR, Kone BC, Gullans SR. Extracellular Na+ electrode for monitoring net Na+ flux in cell suspensions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1989; 256:C1105-10. [PMID: 2719099 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1989.256.5.c1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A computer-linked extracellular sodium-sensitive electrode system is described that is suitable for the routine measurement of net Na+ transport in cell suspensions. The commercially available Na+ electrode exhibited high selectivity for Na+ over other cations and a rapid response time (less than 3 s). This system resolved changes of 0.4 mM in the presence of 147 mM extracellular Na+. Measurements of Na+ transport in suspensions of rabbit proximal tubules showed that ouabain caused a dose-dependent net Na+ influx with an inhibitor constant (Ki) of 2.5 +/- 0.2 microM and a maximal velocity (Vmax) of 229 +/- 7 nmol Na+.min-1.mg protein-1. This compared favorably with the ouabain-induced K+ efflux (Ki = 2.4 microM; Vmax = 160 +/- 3.3 nmol K+.min-1.mg protein-1) and the ouabain-induced inhibition of respiration (Ki = 3.3 microM; Vmax = 11.8 nmol O2.min-1.mg protein-1). In addition, Ba2+, a K+ channel blocker known to depolarize the cell, caused a net Na+ efflux, whereas glucose, a Na+-cotransported solute, promoted a net Na+ influx. This system should be a powerful tool for continuous monitoring of net Na+ fluxes in cell suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Brady
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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