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Yang Y, Duan Y, Zhang M, Han Z, Wang Y, Chen M, Jun W, An H, Liu S, Li S, Feng J, Li H. Molecular Mechanism of ARF5-AHL15-Mediated Auxin-Induced Embryogenic Cell Formation in Apples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19028-19039. [PMID: 39150252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The somatic embryo (SE) has bipolar characteristics, which is an ideal material for large-scale microproduction of woody plants represented by apples, and the somatic embryo is also an excellent receptor for genetic transformation. The formation of embryogenic cells is a prerequisite for somatic embryogenesis to occur. The embryogenic cells of apples cannot be obtained without induction of exogenous auxin, but how the auxin pathway regulates this process remains unknown. In this study, via RNA sequencing, MdARF5 and MdAHL15 were identified as differentially expressed genes involved in this process. Overexpression of MdARF5 and MdAHL15 induced the formation and proliferation of embryogenic cells and thus substantially shortened the induction cycle and improved the somatic embryo proliferation efficiency. A yeast one-hybrid assay showed that MdARF5 can directly bind to the promoter of MdAHL15. β-Glucuronidase (GUS) and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that MdARF5 activation of MdAHL15 transcription was substantial. In conclusion, our results suggest that MdAHL15 is induced by auxin and promotes the formation of embryogenic cells in early somatic embryogenesis via the positive regulation of MdARF5 in apples. The results will provide a theoretical basis for somatic embryogenesis-based development, reproduction, and transgenic breeding in apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Duan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziyi Han
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingkun Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Jun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong An
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shen Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Song Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Houhua Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Zein El Din AFM, Darwesh RSS, Ibrahim MFM, Salama GMY, Shams El-Din IM, Abdelaal WB, Ali GA, Elsayed MS, Ismail IA, Dessoky ES, Abdellatif YMR. Antioxidants Application Enhances Regeneration and Conversion of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Somatic Embryos. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152023. [PMID: 35956500 PMCID: PMC9370564 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many embryogenic systems have been designed to generate somatic embryos (SEs) with the morphology, biochemistry, and vigor uniformity of zygotic embryos (ZEs). During the current investigation, several antioxidants were added to the maturation media of the developing somatic embryos of date palm. Explant material was a friable embryogenic callus that was placed in maturation media containing ABA at 0.5 mg L−1, 5 g L−1 polyethylene glycol, and 10 g L−1 phytagel. Furthermore, α-tocopherol or reduced glutathione (GSH) were used separately at (25 and 50 mg L−1). These treatments were compared to a widely used date palm combination of reduced ascorbic acid (ASC) and citric acid at 150 and 100 mg L−1, respectively, and to the medium free from any antioxidants. The relative growth percentage of embryogenic callus (EC), globularization degree, differentiation%, and SEs number were significantly increased with GSH (50 mg L−1). Additionally, the latter treatment significantly enhanced the conversion% of SEs and the number of secondary somatic embryos (SSEs). ASC and citric acid treatment increased leaf length, while α-tochopherol (50 mg L−1) elevated the number of leaves plantlet−1. GSH at 50 mg L−1 catalyzed the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in EC and enhanced the accumulation of proteins in SEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal F. M. Zein El Din
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Rasmia S. S. Darwesh
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-011-23403173
| | - Gehan M. Y. Salama
- Botanical Garden Research Department, Horticulture Research institute (HRI). Agricultural ResearchCenter (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Ibrahim M. Shams El-Din
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Walid B. Abdelaal
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Ghada A. Ali
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Maha S. Elsayed
- The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.F.M.Z.E.D.); (R.S.S.D.); (I.M.S.E.-D.); (W.B.A.); (G.A.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Ismail A. Ismail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.I.); (E.S.D.)
| | - Eldessoky S. Dessoky
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.I.); (E.S.D.)
| | - Yasmin M. R. Abdellatif
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
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Aremu AO, Fawole OA, Makunga NP, Masondo NA, Moyo M, Buthelezi NMD, Amoo SO, Spíchal L, Doležal K. Applications of Cytokinins in Horticultural Fruit Crops: Trends and Future Prospects. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091222. [PMID: 32842660 PMCID: PMC7563339 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins (CKs) are a chemically diverse class of plant growth regulators, exhibiting wide-ranging actions on plant growth and development, hence their exploitation in agriculture for crop improvement and management. Their coordinated regulatory effects and cross-talk interactions with other phytohormones and signaling networks are highly sophisticated, eliciting and controlling varied biological processes at the cellular to organismal levels. In this review, we briefly introduce the mode of action and general molecular biological effects of naturally occurring CKs before highlighting the great variability in the response of fruit crops to CK-based innovations. We present a comprehensive compilation of research linked to the application of CKs in non-model crop species in different phases of fruit production and management. By doing so, it is clear that the effects of CKs on fruit set, development, maturation, and ripening are not necessarily generic, even for cultivars within the same species, illustrating the magnitude of yet unknown intricate biochemical and genetic mechanisms regulating these processes in different fruit crops. Current approaches using genomic-to-metabolomic analysis are providing new insights into the in planta mechanisms of CKs, pinpointing the underlying CK-derived actions that may serve as potential targets for improving crop-specific traits and the development of new solutions for the preharvest and postharvest management of fruit crops. Where information is available, CK molecular biology is discussed in the context of its present and future implications in the applications of CKs to fruits of horticultural significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyemi O. Aremu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa;
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
- Correspondence: (A.O.A.); (O.A.F.); (N.P.M.); Tel.: +27-18-389-2573 (A.O.A.); +27-11-559-7237 (O.A.F.); +27-21-808-3061 (N.P.M.)
| | - Olaniyi A. Fawole
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.O.A.); (O.A.F.); (N.P.M.); Tel.: +27-18-389-2573 (A.O.A.); +27-11-559-7237 (O.A.F.); +27-21-808-3061 (N.P.M.)
| | - Nokwanda P. Makunga
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.O.A.); (O.A.F.); (N.P.M.); Tel.: +27-18-389-2573 (A.O.A.); +27-11-559-7237 (O.A.F.); +27-21-808-3061 (N.P.M.)
| | - Nqobile A. Masondo
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | - Mack Moyo
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Nana M. D. Buthelezi
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
| | - Stephen O. Amoo
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa;
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
- Agricultural Research Council, Roodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Karel Doležal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (K.D.)
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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