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Lactose hydrolysis and protein fortification pose an increased risk for the formation of Maillard reaction products in UHT treated milk products. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Schäfer T, Klintschar M, Lichtinghagen R, Plagemann I, Smith A, Budde E, Hagemeier L. Xanthochromia of the skull bone associated with HbA1c. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 260:54-58. [PMID: 26799427 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The color of the surface of 105 skull bones (part of the parietal bone) was determined using a portable spectral colorimeter (spectro color(®)). By this means it was possible to characterize the color objectively according to the L*a*b* color system defined by the "International Commission de l'Eclairage" (CIE). Biochemical markers of carbohydrate metabolism, HbA1c from venous blood, and glucose/lactate concentrations from vitreous humor, were also determined, for assessment of the ante-mortem plasma glucose concentration using Traub's sum formula. As biochemical markers for lipid metabolism disorder, cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were all determined from venous blood. There is a significant correlation of bone yellowing with HbA1c (p<0.001) and age (p<0.001). The literature asserts a significant correlation between diabetic condition and yellowing of the skull bone. Despite efforts to find the substance responsible for the yellowing of the bone in chronic metabolism disorder, no significant correlation was found between bone color and lipoproteins/bone extracted lipid acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schäfer
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - M Klintschar
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - R Lichtinghagen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - I Plagemann
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - A Smith
- Institute of Biometry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - E Budde
- Institute of Biometry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - L Hagemeier
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Höhn A, Jung T, Grune T. Pathophysiological importance of aggregated damaged proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 71:70-89. [PMID: 24632383 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed continuously in the organism even under physiological conditions. If the level of ROS in cells exceeds the cellular defense capacity, components such as RNA/DNA, lipids, and proteins are damaged and modified, thus affecting the functionality of organelles as well. Proteins are especially prominent targets of various modifications such as oxidation, glycation, or conjugation with products of lipid peroxidation, leading to the alteration of their biological function, nonspecific interactions, and the production of high-molecular-weight protein aggregates. To ensure the maintenance of cellular functions, two proteolytic systems are responsible for the removal of oxidized and modified proteins, especially the proteasome and organelles, mainly the autophagy-lysosomal systems. Furthermore, increased protein oxidation and oxidation-dependent impairment of proteolytic systems lead to an accumulation of oxidized proteins and finally to the formation of nondegradable protein aggregates. Accordingly, the cellular homeostasis cannot be maintained and the cellular metabolism is negatively affected. Here we address the current knowledge of protein aggregation during oxidative stress, aging, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Höhn
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Liebisch M, Bondeva T, Franke S, Daniel C, Amann K, Wolf G. Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products induces nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 suppression. Kidney Int 2014; 86:103-17. [PMID: 24476693 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Analysis of protein phosphatase-1 indicated that advanced glycation end products did not affect its expression, but increased its phosphatase activity. Using differential display analysis we previously demonstrated that stimulation of RAGE in podocytes modulates the expression of numerous genes, among others nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (NIPP1). Here we found that silencing of NIPP1 induced podocyte hypertrophy, cell cycle arrest, and significantly increased protein phosphatase-1 activity. NIPP1 downregulation was associated with increased p27(Kip1) protein expression. Reporter assays revealed a transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB in podocytes after suppression of NIPP1. The protein level of NIPP1 was also significantly reduced in podocytes of diabetic mice. Blocking the RAGE in vivo by a soluble analog elevated the NIPP1 protein in podocytes of diabetic mice. Thus, activation of the RAGE by advanced glycation end products or other ligands suppresses NIPP1 expression in diabetic nephropathy, contributes to podocyte hypertrophy, and glomerular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Liebisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tzvetanka Bondeva
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sybille Franke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Nephropathology Department, Institute of Pathology, Erlangen-Nürnberg University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Nephropathology Department, Institute of Pathology, Erlangen-Nürnberg University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunter Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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Kaufmann M, Haase PT, Mügge C, Kroh LW. Milieu dependence of isomeric composition of D-arabino-hexo-2-ulose in aqueous solution determined by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10220-10224. [PMID: 23822666 DOI: 10.1021/jf305302e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, high-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy (600.03 MHz) and (13)C NMR spectroscopy (150.89 MHz) were used to elucidate the structures of equilibrating d-arabino-hexo-2-ulose (GLUC) (1) isomers in aqueous solution. Four isomers were formed from the investigated ketohexose, and their equilibrium is dependent on the pH value and temperature. Only hydrated GLUC (1) isomers were identified. The (2)C5-β-2,6-pyranoid and the β-2,5-furanoid GLUC (1) isomer were exclusively formed in aqueous solution. Thus, (4)C1-1,5-pyranoid isomers are predominating in the crystalline state. An increase in solution pH or temperature led to a pairwise conversion of configurative information. Thus, changing the measurement conditions permits control over the equilibrium's characteristic. Furthermore, all GLUC (1) isomers showed comparable reaction behavior regarding pH- and temperature-dependent degradation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaufmann
- Department of Food Chemistry and Food Analysis, Berlin Institute of Technology , Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, TIB 4/3-1, D-13355 Berlin, Germany
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Kaufmann M, Haase PT, Mügge C, Kroh LW. Milieu dependence of isomeric composition of 1-deoxy-d-erythro-hexo-2,3-diulose in aqueous solution determined by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 2012; 364:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Münch G, Berbaum K, Urban C, Schinzel R. Proteins of Thermus thermophilus are resistant to glycation-induced protein precipitation: an evolutionary adaptation to life at extreme temperatures? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1043:865-75. [PMID: 16037313 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1333.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In thermophilic bacteria, formation of Maillard products may occur at increased rates because this reaction is favored at higher temperatures. Therefore, specific protective mechanisms against glycation-induced protein precipitation are likely to exist in thermophilic bacteria. Indeed, Thermus thermophilus proteins remained soluble when a cell-free extract of T. thermophilus was incubated at 37 degrees C in the presence of glucose, fructose, or methylglyoxal; whereas E. coli proteins precipitated. In E. coli cell-free extracts, sugar-induced precipitation was accelerated by the addition of 5 microM Fe2+ and inhibited by metal chelators, suggesting that glycoxidation processes are involved in the formation of the precipitate. A low lysine content, endogenous small scavenger molecules, or enzymatic "antiglycation" mechanisms for the degradation of AGEs or their precursors could be excluded as possible causes for the resistance to protein precipitation in T. thermophilus. Therefore, the resistance to glycation-mediated protein precipitation is an endogenous property of thermophilic proteins that was acquired during evolution in environments with high glycation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Münch
- Comparative Genomics Centre, Molecular Sciences Bldg. 21, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.
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Münch G, Mayer S, Michaelis J, Hipkiss AR, Riederer P, Müller R, Neumann A, Schinzel R, Cunningham AM. Influence of advanced glycation end-products and AGE-inhibitors on nucleation-dependent polymerization of beta-amyloid peptide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1997; 1360:17-29. [PMID: 9061036 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4439(96)00062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nucleation-dependent polymerization of beta-amyloid peptide, the major component of plaques in patients with Alzheimer's disease, is significantly accelerated by crosslinking through Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) in vitro. During the polymerization process, both nucleus formation and aggregate growth are accelerated by AGE-mediated crosslinking. Formation of the AGE-crosslinked amyloid peptide aggregates could be attenuated by the AGE-inhibitors Tenilsetam, aminoguanidine and carnosine. These experimental data, and clinical studies, reporting a marked improvement in cognition and memory in Alzheimer's disease patients after Tenilsetam treatment, suggest that AGEs might play an important role in the etiology or progression of the disease. Thus AGE-inhibitors may generally become a promising drug class for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Münch
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute (Biocenter), Würzburg, Germany.
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Schumacher D, Kroh LW. [The effect of Maillard reaction products on enzyme reactions]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ERNAHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFT 1996; 35:213-25. [PMID: 9019913 DOI: 10.1007/bf01625684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article current knowledge about the Maillard reaction in vivo is described first, especially the glycosylation reactions of various tissues and the identification of different final products and intermediates of Maillard reaction. The influence of MRP on digestion is of significant importance. These products are absorbed in different ways and are excreted in various amounts. Hence, the organism is variably influenced by MRP. The influence of defined MRP, of glycosylated proteins and of melanoidins on glycosidases and proteases is described. The effects produced depend on the enzyme and on the used MRP. Reactive alpha-dicarbonyl compounds play an important role in the organism. Further possible reactions of these compounds caused by reductases are discussed. The protein structure of enzymes is changed by Maillard reaction. Thereby the enzyme activity is influenced by covalent modifications of different amino acids and by inter- and intramolecular crosslinking. Finally, the use of enzymes and monoclonal antibodies for detection of MRP is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schumacher
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Technischen Universität Berlin
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