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Babbitt CR, Laidemitt MR, Mutuku MW, Oraro PO, Brant SV, Mkoji GM, Loker ES. Bulinus snails in the Lake Victoria Basin in Kenya: Systematics and their role as hosts for schistosomes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0010752. [PMID: 36763676 PMCID: PMC9949660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The planorbid gastropod genus Bulinus consists of 38 species that vary in their ability to vector Schistosoma haematobium (the causative agent of human urogenital schistosomiasis), other Schistosoma species, and non-schistosome trematodes. Relying on sequence-based identifications of bulinids (partial cox1 and 16S) and Schistosoma (cox1 and ITS), we examined Bulinus species in the Lake Victoria Basin in Kenya for naturally acquired infections with Schistosoma species. We collected 6,133 bulinids from 11 sites between 2014-2021, 226 (3.7%) of which harbored Schistosoma infections. We found 4 Bulinus taxa from Lake Victoria (B. truncatus, B. tropicus, B. ugandae, and B. cf. transversalis), and an additional 4 from other habitats (B. globosus, B. productus, B. forskalii, and B. scalaris). S. haematobium infections were found in B. globosus and B. productus (with infections in the former predominating) whereas S. bovis infections were identified in B. globosus, B. productus, B. forskalii, and B. ugandae. No nuclear/mitochondrial discordance potentially indicative of S. haematobium/S. bovis hybridization was detected. We highlight the presence of Bulinus ugandae as a distinct lake-dwelling taxon closely related to B. globosus yet, unlike all other members of the B. africanus species group, is likely not a vector for S. haematobium, though it does exhibit susceptibility to S. bovis. Other lake-dwelling bulinids also lacked S. haematobium infections, supporting the possibility that they all lack compatibility with local S. haematobium, thereby preventing widespread transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis in the lake's waters. We support B. productus as a distinct species from B. nasutus, B. scalaris as distinct from B. forskalii, and add further evidence for a B. globosus species complex with three lineages represented in Kenya alone. This study serves as an essential prelude for investigating why these patterns in compatibility exist and whether the underlying biological mechanisms may be exploited for the purpose of limiting schistosome transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin R. Babbitt
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina R. Laidemitt
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Martin W. Mutuku
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Polycup O. Oraro
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sara V. Brant
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Gerald M. Mkoji
- Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eric S. Loker
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Division of Parasites, Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
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2
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Mikula O, Macholán M, Ďureje Ľ, Hiadlovská Z, Daniszová K, Janotová K, Vošlajerová Bímová B. House mouse subspecies do differ in their social structure. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9683. [PMID: 36590341 PMCID: PMC9797468 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that population structure can have a substantial impact on evolutionary trajectories. In social animals, this structure is strongly influenced by relationships among the population members, so studies of differences in social structure between diverging populations or nascent species are of prime interest. Ideal models for such a study are two house mouse subspecies, Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus, meeting in Europe along a secondary contact zone. Though the latter subspecies has usually been supposed to form tighter and more isolated social units than the former, the evidence is still inconclusive. Here, we carried out a series of radiofrequency identification experiments in semi-natural enclosures to gather large longitudinal data sets on individual mouse movements. The data were summarized in the form of uni- and multi-layer social networks. Within them, we could delimit and describe the social units ("modules"). While the number of estimated units was similar in both subspecies, domesticus revealed a more "modular" structure. This subspecies also showed more intramodular social interactions, higher spatial module separation, higher intramodular persistence of parent-offspring contacts, and lower multiple paternity, suggesting more effective control of dominant males over reproduction. We also demonstrate that long-lasting modules can be identified with basic reproductive units or demes. We thus provide the first robust evidence that the two subspecies differ in their social structure and dynamics of the structure formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Mikula
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsCzech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic,Institute of Vertebrate BiologyCzech Academy of SciencesResearch Facility StudenecBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Miloš Macholán
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsCzech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic,Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Ľudovít Ďureje
- Institute of Vertebrate BiologyCzech Academy of SciencesResearch Facility StudenecBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hiadlovská
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsCzech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Kristina Daniszová
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsCzech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Kateřina Janotová
- Institute of Vertebrate BiologyCzech Academy of SciencesResearch Facility StudenecBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Barbora Vošlajerová Bímová
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsCzech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic
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3
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Pinkina T, Zymaroieva A, Fedoniuk T. Cadmium impact on the growth and survival rate of great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) in the chronic experiment. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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4
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Lebreton M, Malgouyres JM, Carayon JL, Bonnafé E, Géret F. Effects of the anxiolytic benzodiazepine oxazepam on freshwater gastropod reproduction: a prospective study. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1880-1892. [PMID: 34379245 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs have emerged as contaminants over the last few decades. These drugs are frequently prescribed and poorly eliminated by wastewater treatment plants, and many are present at non-negligible concentrations in surface waters. Several studies have investigated the non-target organism toxicity of one such drug, oxazepam, a benzodiazepine anxiolytic frequently detected in rivers. However, very little is known about the impact of this drug on reproduction. We investigated the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of oxazepam on Radix balthica, a freshwater gastropod widespread in Europe. We identified the reproductive organs of Radix balthica. We then exposed this gastropod to oxazepam for two months and assessed several reproductive parameters, from reproductive organ status to behavioral parameters. We found that adults exposed to 10 µg/L oxazepam display an increase in the density of spermatozoa, and that adults exposed to 0.8 µg/L oxazepam displayed a decrease in the number of eggs per egg mass over time. By contrast, oxazepam had no effect on shell length, the size of male reproductive organs or social interactions. Finally, a locomotor activity analysis showed the distance covered over time decreased in all conditions of exposure to oxazepam, potentially reflecting a disturbance of exploratory activity. These results shed light on the effects of oxazepam on the reproduction of a non-target freshwater mollusk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Lebreton
- Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives, EA 7417, INU Champollion, Albi, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Malgouyres
- Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives, EA 7417, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Jean-Luc Carayon
- Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives, EA 7417, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Elsa Bonnafé
- Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives, EA 7417, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Florence Géret
- Biochimie et Toxicologie des Substances Bioactives, EA 7417, INU Champollion, Albi, France
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5
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Jourdan J, Plath M, Tonkin JD, Ceylan M, Dumeier AC, Gellert G, Graf W, Hawkins CP, Kiel E, Lorenz AW, Matthaei CD, Verdonschot PFM, Verdonschot RCM, Haase P. Reintroduction of freshwater macroinvertebrates: challenges and opportunities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:368-387. [PMID: 30136362 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Species reintroductions - the translocation of individuals to areas in which a species has been extirpated with the aim of re-establishing a self-sustaining population - have become a widespread practice in conservation biology. Reintroduction projects have tended to focus on terrestrial vertebrates and, to a lesser extent, fishes. Much less effort has been devoted to the reintroduction of invertebrates into restored freshwater habitats. Yet, reintroductions may improve restoration outcomes in regions where impoverished regional species pools limit the self-recolonisation of restored freshwaters. We review the available literature on macroinvertebrate reintroductions, focusing on identifying the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that determine their success or failure. Our study reveals that freshwater macroinvertebrate reintroductions remain rare, are often published in the grey literature and, of the attempts made, approximately one-third fail. We identify life-cycle complexity and remaining stressors as the two factors most likely to affect reintroduction success, illustrating the unique challenges of freshwater macroinvertebrate reintroductions. Consideration of these factors by managers during the planning process and proper documentation - even if a project fails - may increase the likelihood of successful outcomes in future reintroduction attempts of freshwater macroinvertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jourdan
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Martin Plath
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology in Agriculture and College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 3029 Cordley Hall, OR, 97331, U.S.A
| | - Maria Ceylan
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Arlena C Dumeier
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences - Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gellert
- Landesarbeitskreis Wasser, Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland Landesverband Nordrhein-Westfalen, Merowingerstr. 88, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences, National Aquatic Monitoring Center, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-5210, U.S.A
| | - Ellen Kiel
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences - Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph D Matthaei
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Piet F M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf C M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
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6
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Lymbery AJ, Constantine CC, Thompson RCA. SELF-FERTILIZATION WITHOUT GENOMIC OR POPULATION STRUCTURING IN A PARASITIC TAPEWORM. Evolution 2017; 51:289-294. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/1995] [Accepted: 08/09/1996] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Lymbery
- Agriculture Western Australia; PO Box 1231 Bunbury Western Australia 6231 Australia
- School of Veterinary Studies; Murdoch University; Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia
| | - C. C. Constantine
- School of Veterinary Studies; Murdoch University; Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia
| | - R. C. A. Thompson
- School of Veterinary Studies; Murdoch University; Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia
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7
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Viard F, Justy F, Jarne P. THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-FERTILIZATION AND POPULATION DYNAMICS ON THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS: A CASE STUDY USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS IN THE FRESHWATER SNAILBULINUS TRUNCATUS. Evolution 2017; 51:1518-1528. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb01475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/1996] [Accepted: 05/30/1997] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Viard
- Génétique et Environnement-CC 065; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université Montpellier II; 34095 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - F. Justy
- Génétique et Environnement-CC 065; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université Montpellier II; 34095 Montpellier cedex 05 France
| | - P. Jarne
- Génétique et Environnement-CC 065; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université Montpellier II; 34095 Montpellier cedex 05 France
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8
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Lounnas M, Correa AC, Vázquez AA, Dia A, Escobar JS, Nicot A, Arenas J, Ayaqui R, Dubois MP, Gimenez T, Gutiérrez A, González-Ramírez C, Noya O, Prepelitchi L, Uribe N, Wisnivesky-Colli C, Yong M, David P, Loker ES, Jarne P, Pointier JP, Hurtrez-Boussès S. Self-fertilization, long-distance flash invasion and biogeography shape the population structure ofPseudosuccinea columellaat the worldwide scale. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:887-903. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Lounnas
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - A. C. Correa
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - A. A. Vázquez
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- Laboratorio de Malacología; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí; Apartado Postal 601, Marianao 13 La Habana Cuba
| | - A. Dia
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - J. S. Escobar
- Vidarium Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center; Grupo Empresarial Nutresa; Calle 8 sur #50-67 Medellín Colombia
| | - A. Nicot
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - J. Arenas
- Facultad de Biología Marina; Universidad Científica del Sur; Lima Perú
| | - R. Ayaqui
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología de la; Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín; Arequipa Perú
| | - M. P. Dubois
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et d'Evolution; UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - T. Gimenez
- Departamento de Parasitología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Casilla 1061 San Lorenzo Paraguay
| | - A. Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Malacología; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí; Apartado Postal 601, Marianao 13 La Habana Cuba
| | - C. González-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Parasitológicas ‘Dr Jesús Moreno Rangel’ Cátedra de Parasitología; Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis; Universidad de los Andes; Urb. Campo de Oro 5101 Mérida Venezuela
| | - O. Noya
- Sección de Biohelmintiasis; Instituto de Medicina Tropical; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Central de Venezuela y Centro para Estudios Sobre Malaria; Instituto de Altos Estudios ‘Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldón’-Instituto Nacional de Higiene ‘Rafael Rangel’ del Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud; Caracas Venezuela
| | - L. Prepelitchi
- Unidad de Ecología de Reservorios y Vectores de Parásitos; Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 4 piso, Laboratorio 55 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA Argentina
| | - N. Uribe
- Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - C. Wisnivesky-Colli
- Unidad de Ecología de Reservorios y Vectores de Parásitos; Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 4 piso, Laboratorio 55 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA Argentina
| | - M. Yong
- Laboratorio de Malacología; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí; Apartado Postal 601, Marianao 13 La Habana Cuba
| | - P. David
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et d'Evolution; UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - E. S. Loker
- Department of Biology; Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque NM 87131 USA
| | - P. Jarne
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et d'Evolution; UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - J. P. Pointier
- USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE; CRIOBE Université de Perpignan; 68860 Perpignan-Cedex France
| | - S. Hurtrez-Boussès
- MIVEGEC; UMR IRD 224 CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- Département de Biologie-Ecologie; Faculté des Sciences - cc 046; Université Montpellier; 4 Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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9
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Jordaens K, Van Houtte N, Helsen P, Breugelmans K, Jaksons P, Backeljau T. Mixed breeding system in the hermaphroditic land slug Arion intermedius (Stylommatophora, Arionidae). Hereditas 2013; 150:45-52. [PMID: 24164457 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2013.02272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Theory suggests that hermaphroditic plants and animals should be either entirely outcrossing or entirely selfing. As such, very few hermaphroditic plants and basommatophoran snails have a mixed breeding system. However, reliable estimates of selfing rates are lacking for most hermaphroditic animals. This partly prevents to delineate the relative contributions of the selective factors that determine selfing and outcrossing rates in hermaphroditic animal taxa. Here, we studied the population genetic structure of, and breeding system in, 11 populations of the hermaphroditic land slug Arion intermedius using five polymorphic microsatellite loci. Moreover, genotype frequencies deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations for most of the loci in all populations suggesting some level of selfing. Estimates of the selfing level s, suggest moderate levels of outcrossing (mean s based on FIS = 0.84; mean s based on the two-locus heterozygosity disequilibrium = 0.20, or with a ML approach = 0.22). Our study therefore suggests that A. intermedius has a mixed breeding system. A re-analysis of allozyme data from another arionid slug ( subgenus Carinarion) indicates that mixed breeding may be more common in arionid slugs than hitherto was assumed. These results seem therefore at variance with current theoretical and empirical predictions and opens perspectives for the study on the evolutionary factors driving mixed breeding systems in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Jordaens
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, BelgiumUniversity of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Haun T, Salinger M, Pachzelt A, Pfenninger M. On the Processes Shaping Small-Scale Population Structure inRadix balthica(Linnaeus 1758). MALACOLOGIA 2012. [DOI: 10.4002/040.055.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Chapuis E, Ferdy JB. Life history traits variation in heterogeneous environment: The case of a freshwater snail resistance to pond drying. Ecol Evol 2012; 2:218-26. [PMID: 22408738 PMCID: PMC3297190 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecologists and population geneticists have long suspected that the diversity of living organisms was connected to the structure of their environment. In heterogeneous environments, diversifying selection combined to restricted gene flow may indeed lead to locally adapted populations. The freshwater snail, Galba truncatula, is a good model to address this question because it is present in a heterogeneous environment composed of temporary and permanent waters. In order to test the selective importance of those environments, we proposed here to measure survival of lineages from both habitats during drought episodes. To this purpose, we experimentally submitted adults and juveniles individuals from both habitats to drought. We found a difference in desiccation resistance between temporary and permanents waters only for adults. Adults from temporary habitats were found more resistant to drought. This divergence in desiccation resistance seems to explain the unexpected life history traits differences between habitats observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Chapuis
- UMR CBGP,Campus de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez CedexFrance
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12
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Pfenninger M, Salinger M, Haun T, Feldmeyer B. Factors and processes shaping the population structure and distribution of genetic variation across the species range of the freshwater snail radix balthica (Pulmonata, Basommatophora). BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:135. [PMID: 21599918 PMCID: PMC3115865 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors and processes shaping the population structure and spatial distribution of genetic diversity across a species' distribution range are important in determining the range limits. We comprehensively analysed the influence of recurrent and historic factors and processes on the population genetic structure, mating system and the distribution of genetic variability of the pulmonate freshwater snail Radix balthica. This analysis was based on microsatellite variation and mitochondrial haplotypes using Generalised Linear Statistical Modelling in a Model Selection framework. RESULTS Populations of R. balthica were found throughout North-Western Europe with range margins marked either by dispersal barriers or the presence of other Radix taxa. Overall, the population structure was characterised by distance independent passive dispersal mainly along a Southwest-Northeast axis, the absence of isolation-by-distance together with rather isolated and genetically depauperated populations compared to the variation present in the entire species due to strong local drift. A recent, climate driven range expansion explained most of the variance in genetic variation, reducing at least temporarily the genetic variability in this area. Other factors such as geographic marginality and dispersal barriers play only a minor role. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, such a population structure has rarely been reported before. It might nevertheless be typical for passively dispersed, patchily distributed taxa (e.g. freshwater invertebrates). The strong local drift implied in such a structure is expected to erode genetic variation at both neutral and coding loci and thus probably diminish evolutionary potential. This study shows that the analysis of multiple factors is crucial for the inference of the processes shaping the distribution of genetic variation throughout species ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Pfenninger
- Molecular Ecology Group, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Moritz Salinger
- Molecular Ecology Group, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Timm Haun
- Molecular Ecology Group, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Barbara Feldmeyer
- Molecular Ecology Group, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Biocampus Siesmayerstraße, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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13
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Escobar JS, Auld JR, Correa AC, Alonso JM, Bony YK, Coutellec M, Koene JM, Pointier J, Jarne P, David P. PATTERNS OF MATING‐SYSTEM EVOLUTION IN HERMAPHRODITIC ANIMALS: CORRELATIONS AMONG SELFING RATE, INBREEDING DEPRESSION, AND THE TIMING OF REPRODUCTION. Evolution 2011; 65:1233-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan S. Escobar
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, Campus CNRS, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- E‐mail:
| | - Josh R. Auld
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Biological Sciences, 101 Clapp Hall, 4249 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Ana C. Correa
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, GEMI UMR 2724 CNRS‐IRD, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 N° 52–59, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Juan M. Alonso
- USR 3278 CNRS‐EPHE CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 68860 Perpignan cedex, France
| | - Yves K. Bony
- USR 3278 CNRS‐EPHE CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 68860 Perpignan cedex, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratoire d’Environnement et de Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), URES de Daloa (University of Abobo‐Adjamé), 28 BP 465, Abidjan 28, Ivory Coast
| | - Marie‐Agnès Coutellec
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, UMR0985 Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes, 65 rue de Saint‐Brieuc, CS 84215, F‐35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Joris M. Koene
- Animal Ecology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean‐Pierre Pointier
- USR 3278 CNRS‐EPHE CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 68860 Perpignan cedex, France
| | - Philippe Jarne
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, Campus CNRS, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Patrice David
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, Campus CNRS, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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14
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Genetic diversity and structure in two species of Leavenworthia with self-incompatible and self-compatible populations. Heredity (Edinb) 2010; 106:310-8. [PMID: 20485327 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2010.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-fertilization is a common mating system in plants and is known to reduce genetic diversity, increase genetic structure and potentially put populations at greater risk of extinction. In this study, we measured the genetic diversity and structure of two cedar glade endemic species, Leavenworthia alabamica and L. crassa. These species have self-incompatible (SI) and self-compatible (SC) populations and are therefore ideal for understanding how the mating system affects genetic diversity and structure. We found that L. alabamica and L. crassa had high species-level genetic diversity (H(e)=0.229 and 0.183, respectively) and high genetic structure among their populations (F(ST)=0.45 and 0.36, respectively), but that mean genetic diversity was significantly lower in SC compared with SI populations (SC vs SI, H(e) for L. alabamica was 0.065 vs 0.206 and for L. crassa was 0.084 vs 0.189). We also found significant genetic structure using maximum-likelihood clustering methods. These data indicate that the loss of SI leads to the loss of genetic diversity within populations. In addition, we examined genetic distance relationships between SI and SC populations to analyze possible population history and origins of self-compatibility. We find there may have been multiple origins of self-compatibility in L. alabamica and L. crassa. However, further work is required to test this hypothesis. Finally, given their high genetic structure and that individual populations harbor unique alleles, conservation strategies seeking to maximize species-level genetic diversity for these or similar species should protect multiple populations.
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Campbell G, Noble LR, Rollinson D, Southgate VR, Webster JP, Jones CS. Low genetic diversity in a snail intermediate host (Biomphalaria pfeifferi Krass, 1848) and schistosomiasis transmission in the Senegal River Basin. Mol Ecol 2009; 19:241-56. [PMID: 20025653 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04463.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Population genetic perturbations of intermediate hosts, often a consequence of human pressure on environmental resources, can precipitate unexpectedly severe disease outbreaks. Such disturbances are set to become increasingly common following range changes concomitant with climate shifts, dwindling natural resources and major infrastructure changes such as hydroprojects. Construction of the Diama dam in the Senegal River Basin (SRB) reduced river salinity, enabling the freshwater snail intermediate host Biomphalaria pfeifferi to rapidly expand its distribution. A serious public health problem ensued, with an epidemic of intestinal schistosomiasis occurring in the previously schistosome-free Richard-Toll region within 2 years. The current study aimed to assess the population variability of B. pfeifferi in the SRB, and speculate upon its subsequent impact on host-parasite interactions following such engineered ecological change. Genetic variation at nine polymorphic microsatellite loci revealed little population differentiation in SRB snails compared with those from natural habitats in Zimbabwe, where Schistosoma mansoni transmission is much lower. 'Open' SRB habitats are associated with greater water contact, smaller population sizes and less genetic diversity, with sites downstream of Richard-Toll showing greater inter- and intrapopulation variation, concomitant with less frequent human contact. These observations may be explained by rapid expansion into pristine habitat selecting for high fecundity genotypes at the expense of schistosome resistance, presenting S. mansoni with genetically homogenous highly fecund susceptible populations around the focal point, promoting development of a highly compatible host-parasite relationship. Longitudinal study of such systems may prove important in predicting public health risks engendered by future environmental engineering projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Campbell
- General Medical Council, St James's Buildings, 79 Oxford Street, Manchester, M1 6FQ, UK
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16
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Salinger M, Pfenninger M. Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers for Radix balthica (Linnaeus 1758). Mol Ecol Resour 2009; 9:1152-5. [PMID: 21564859 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present data for eight polymorphic microsatellite markers isolated from a microsatellite-enriched DNA library for the freshwater snail Radix balthica. Three of them were specific for R. balthica while five also amplified polymorphic products in two congeneric species. Test application on populations from all over the species range has shown that these loci are highly informative for analysing population structure and estimating migration rates. Observed deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are attributed to a mixed mating system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salinger
- Abteilung Ökologie und Evolution, Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität der J.W. Goethe-Universität, Siesmayerstraße 70, 60054 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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17
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Neiman M, Taylor DR. The causes of mutation accumulation in mitochondrial genomes. Proc Biol Sci 2009; 276:1201-9. [PMID: 19203921 PMCID: PMC2660971 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental observation across eukaryotic taxa is that mitochondrial genomes have a higher load of deleterious mutations than nuclear genomes. Identifying the evolutionary forces that drive this difference is important to understanding the rates and patterns of sequence evolution, the efficacy of natural selection, the maintenance of sex and recombination and the mechanisms underlying human ageing and many diseases. Recent studies have implicated the presumed asexuality of mitochondrial genomes as responsible for their high mutational load. We review the current body of knowledge on mitochondrial mutation accumulation and recombination, and conclude that asexuality, per se, may not be the primary determinant of the high mutation load in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Very little recombination is required to counter mutation accumulation, and recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial genomes do experience occasional recombination. Instead, a high rate of accumulation of mildly deleterious mutations in mtDNA may result from the small effective population size associated with effectively haploid inheritance. This type of transmission is nearly ubiquitous among mitochondrial genomes. We also describe an experimental framework using variation in mating system between closely related species to disentangle the root causes of mutation accumulation in mitochondrial genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurine Neiman
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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18
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Koene JM, Montagne-Wajer K, Roelofs D, Ter Maat A. The fate of received sperm in the reproductive tract of a hermaphroditic snail and its implications for fertilisation. Evol Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-008-9253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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20
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Dupont L, Viard F, David P, Bishop JDD. Combined effects of bottlenecks and selfing in populations of Corella eumyota, a recently introduced sea squirt in the English Channel. DIVERS DISTRIB 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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21
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Wilkinson S, Emery AM, Khamis IS, Mgeni AF, Stothard JR, Rollinson D. Spatial and temporal population genetic survey of Bulinus globosus from Zanzibar: an intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium. J Zool (1987) 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Puurtinen M, Emily Knott K, Suonpää S, Nissinen K, Kaitala V. Predominance of outcrossing in Lymnaea stagnalis despite low apparent fitness costs of self-fertilization. J Evol Biol 2007; 20:901-12. [PMID: 17465901 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have quantified the natural mating system in eight populations of the simultaneously hermaphroditic aquatic snail Lymnaea stagnalis, and studied the ecological and genetic forces that may be directing mating system evolution in this species. We investigated whether the natural mating system can be explained by the availability of mates, by the differential survival of self- and cross-fertilized snails in nature, and by the effects of mating system on parental fecundity and early survival. The natural mating system of L. stagnalis was found to be predominantly cross-fertilizing. Density of snails in the populations had no relationship with the mating system, suggesting that outcrossing rates are not limited by mate availability at the population densities observed. Contrary to expectations for outcrossing species, we detected no evidence for inbreeding depression in survival in nature with inferential population genetic methods. Further, experimental manipulations of mating system in the laboratory revealed that self-fertilization had no effect on parental fecundity, and only minor effects on offspring survival. Predominance of cross-fertilization despite low apparent fitness costs of self-fertilization is at odds with the paradigm that high self-fertilization depression is necessary for maintenance of cross-fertilization in self-compatible hermaphrodites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Puurtinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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23
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GOW JENNIFERL, NOBLE LESLIER, ROLLINSON DAVID, TCHUENTÉ LOUISALBERTTCHUEM, JONES CATHERINES. Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00771.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Lagadic L, Coutellec MA, Caquet T. Endocrine disruption in aquatic pulmonate molluscs: few evidences, many challenges. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2007; 16:45-59. [PMID: 17235673 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-006-0114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
As compared to other groups of aquatic gastropods, documented examples of endocrine disruption in pulmonates are rather limited. This is quite surprising because the endocrine control of physiological functions has been extensively studied in these animals. In the model-species Lymnaea stagnalis, the neurohormonal regulation of reproduction has been thoroughly investigated, and the primary structure of several peptides and receptors involved in endocrine processes has been established. However, the use of this knowledge has been fairly limited in the context of ecotoxicology, to investigate the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The present review summarizes the main and more recent findings on the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in aquatic pulmonate snails (Basommatophora). It then comprehensively describes selected in vivo laboratory and semi-field studies which provide evidence for possible endocrine disrupting effects of estrogenic and androgenic test compounds [e.g., ethynylestradiol, methyltestosterone (MT)], and of environmental contaminants [e.g., cadmium (Cd), tributyltin (TBT), and nonylphenol (NP), pesticides]. Finally, challenging perspectives for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Lagadic
- UMR985 INRA-Agrocampus Ecobiologie et Qualité des Hydrosystèmes Continentaux, Equipe Ecotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux aquatiques, 65 Rue de Saint-Brieuc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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25
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Quinteiro J, Rodriguez-Castro J, Castillejo J, Iglesias-Pineiro J, Rey-Mendez M. Phylogeny of slug species of the genus Arion: evidence of monophyly of Iberian endemics and of the existence of relict species in Pyrenean refuges. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2005.00307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Gow JL, Noble LR, Rollinson D, Mimpfoundi R, Jones CS. Breeding system and demography shape population genetic structure across ecological and climatic zones in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), intermediate host for schistosomes. Mol Ecol 2005; 13:3561-73. [PMID: 15488012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02339.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of breeding system and population bottlenecks in shaping the distribution of neutral genetic variation among populations inhabiting patchily distributed, ephemeral water bodies was examined for the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma guineensis. Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gow
- Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK.
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27
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Charbonnel N, Rasatavonjizay R, Sellin E, Brémond P, Jarne P. The influence of genetic factors and population dynamics on the mating system of the hermaphroditic freshwater snailBiomphalaria pfeifferi. OIKOS 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Wirth T, Baur A, Baur B. Mating System and Genetic Variability in the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Terrestrial Gastropod Balea Perversa on the Baltic Island of Öland, Sweden. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1997.00199.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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29
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Trouvae S, Degen L, Renaud F, Goudet J. EVOLUTIONARY IMPLICATIONS OF A HIGH SELFING RATE IN THE FRESHWATER SNAIL LYMNAEA TRUNCATULA. Evolution 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Knott KE, Puurtinen M, Kaitala V. Primers for nine microsatellite loci in the hermaphroditic snailLymnaea stagnalis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00444.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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PFENNINGER MARKUS, EPPENSTEIN ANNEKATRIN, MAGNIN FRÉDÉRIC. Evidence for ecological speciation in the sister species Candidula unifasciata (Poiret, 1801) and C. rugosiuscula (Michaud, 1831) (Helicellinae, Gastropoda). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Charlesworth D. Effects of inbreeding on the genetic diversity of populations. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2003; 358:1051-70. [PMID: 12831472 PMCID: PMC1693193 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2003.1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of variability within species is important to all biologists who use genetic markers. Since the discovery of molecular variability among normal individuals, data have been collected from a wide range of organisms, and it is important to understand the major factors affecting diversity levels and patterns. Comparisons of inbreeding and outcrossing populations can contribute to this understanding, and therefore studying plant populations is important, because related species often have different breeding systems. DNA sequence data are now starting to become available from suitable plant and animal populations, to measure and compare variability levels and test predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Charlesworth
- Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology (ICAPB), University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratory, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
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Trouvé S, Degen L, Renaud F, Goudet J. EVOLUTIONARY IMPLICATIONS OF A HIGH SELFING RATE IN THE FRESHWATER SNAIL LYMNAEA TRUNCATULA. Evolution 2003. [DOI: 10.1554/02-452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Graustein A, Gaspar JM, Walters JR, Palopoli MF. Levels of DNA polymorphism vary with mating system in the nematode genus caenorhabditis. Genetics 2002; 161:99-107. [PMID: 12019226 PMCID: PMC1462083 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/161.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-fertilizing species often harbor less genetic variation than cross-fertilizing species, and at least four different models have been proposed to explain this trend. To investigate further the relationship between mating system and genetic variation, levels of DNA sequence polymorphism were compared among three closely related species in the genus Caenorhabditis: two self-fertilizing species, Caenorhabditis elegans and C. briggsae, and one cross-fertilizing species, C. remanei. As expected, estimates of silent site nucleotide diversity were lower in the two self-fertilizing species. For the mitochondrial genome, diversity in the selfing species averaged 42% of diversity in C. remanei. Interestingly, the reduction in genetic variation was much greater for the nuclear than for the mitochondrial genome. For two nuclear genes, diversity in the selfing species averaged 6 and 13% of diversity in C. remanei. We argue that either population bottlenecks or the repeated action of natural selection, coupled with high levels of selfing, are likely to explain the observed reductions in species-wide genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Graustein
- Department of Biology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011, USA
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35
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Gutiérrez A, Perera G, Yong M, Lin W. The effect of isolation on the life-history traits of Pseudosuccinea columella (Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2001; 96:577-81. [PMID: 11391433 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762001000400021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A population of Pseudosuccinea columella was raised under laboratory conditions and its life tables were determined in isolated and paired snails. Isolated snails were significantly larger in shell size than paired snails from five weeks of age onward. Also, statistically significant differences were found for the number of eggs per mass per individual from week 5 to 9, isolated snails exhibiting the highest values. The intrinsic and finite rates of increase were greater in isolated than in paired snails. Either an inhibition of the reproductive output between individuals or the advantage of selfing may be the cause of the differences in this species, acting as a possible mechanism that increase the fitness of isolated snails.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Malacología, Instituto 'Pedro Kourí, La Habana, Cuba.
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36
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Jordaens K, Geenen S, Reise H, Van Riel P, Verhagen R, Backeljau T. Is there a geographical pattern in the breeding system of a complex of hermaphroditic slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Carinarion)? Heredity (Edinb) 2000; 85:571-9. [PMID: 11240623 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allozyme analyses of the hermaphroditic slugs Arion (Carinarion) fasciatus, A. (C.) circumscriptus and A. (C.) silvaticus have suggested that the three species in North America and north-west Europe predominantly reproduce uniparentally, most probably by selfing. We used allozyme electrophoresis to investigate the population genetic structure of these species throughout a larger part of their native European distribution. Our results show that the previously reported "species" specific allozyme markers are no longer valid if populations from central Europe are investigated, and A. fasciatus and A. silvaticus appear to be "paraphyletic" taxa. In contrast to the general belief that selfing organisms show low gene diversities, the high selfing rates in N-NE European Carinarion do not necessarily result in low gene diversities. Moreover, our data suggest a geographical pattern in the prevalence of outcrossing, at least in A. fasciatus, with selfing in N-NE Europe and a mixed breeding system (i.e. selfing and outcrossing) in central Europe. Possible scenarios for the disjunct distribution of breeding systems in Carinarion are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jordaens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (RUCA), Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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37
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Trouvé S, Degen L, Meunier C, Tirard C, Hurtrez-Boussès S, Durand P, Guégan JF, Goudet J, Renaud F. Microsatellites in the hermaphroditic snail, Lymnaea truncatula, intermediate host of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica. Mol Ecol 2000; 9:1662-4. [PMID: 11050562 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.01040-2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Trouvé
- Institut Zoologie et Ecologie Animale, Université, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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38
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Alice M, Nicolas P. Dinucleotide microsatellite loci reveal a high selfing rate in the freshwater snail Physa acuta. Mol Ecol 1999. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00655_2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Charlesworth D, Yang Z. Allozyme diversity in Leavenworthia populations with different inbreeding levels. Heredity (Edinb) 1998; 81 ( Pt 4):453-61. [PMID: 9839439 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of allozyme diversity were studied in five species of the annual plant genus Leavenworthia. The breeding systems of the populations were also characterized in terms of measures of autogamous seed-set and self-fertility. The populations that appeared more inbreeding by these criteria also tended to have lower within-population gene diversity (Hs) values, but there was nevertheless considerable allozyme variability in two of the four sets of inbred populations studied. Comparing the outcrosser L. stylosa and the related inbreeders L. uniflora and L. torulosa the reduction in diversity associated with inbreeding was very high, as no variants were seen within populations of the inbreeders. In L. crassa and L. alabamica, the reduction was lower, but correcting for the fact that this comparison is over less extreme selfing rate differences, it is estimated that the difference between extreme inbreeding and outcrossing populations of L. crassa considerably exceeds twofold. These results are compared with published studies within closely related taxa with different inbreeding levels. The effect of inbreeding on allozyme diversity is consistently larger than has been estimated from comparisons of unrelated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Charlesworth
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Jordaens K, Backeljau T, Ondina P, Reise H, Verhagen R. Allozyme homozygosity and phally polymorphism in the land snail Zonitoides nitidus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). J Zool (1987) 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu F, Zhang L, Charlesworth D. Genetic diversity in Leavenworthia populations with different inbreeding levels. Proc Biol Sci 1998; 265:293-301. [PMID: 9523432 PMCID: PMC1688884 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1998.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Levels of neutral genetic diversity within and between populations were compared between outcrossing (self-incompatible) and inbreeding populations in the annual plant genus Leavenworthia. Two taxonomically independent comparisons are possible, since self-incompatibility has been lost twice in the group of species studied. Within inbred populations of L.uniflora and L.crassa, no DNA sequence variants were seen among the alleles sampled, but high diversity was seen in alleles from populations of the outcrosser L. stylosa, and in self-incompatible L. crassa populations. Diversity between populations was seen in all species. Although total diversity values were lower in the sets of inbreeding populations, between-population values were as high or higher, than those in the outcrossing taxa. Possible reasons for these diversity patterns are discussed. As the effect of inbreeding appears to be a greater than twofold reduction in diversity, we argue that some process such as selection for advantageous mutations, or against deleterious mutations, or bottlenecks occurring predominantly in the inbreeders, appears necessary to account for the findings. If selection for advantageous mutations is responsible, it appears that it must be some form of local adaptive selection, rather than substitution of alleles that are advantageous throughout the species. This is consistent with the finding of high between-population diversity in the inbreeding taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liu
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Coutellec-Vreto MA, Madec L, Guiller A. Selfing and biparental inbreeding: a mating system analysis in Lymnaea peregra (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae). Heredity (Edinb) 1997. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1997.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Jabbour-Zahab R, Pointier JP, Jourdane J, Jarne P, Oviedo JA, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, Anglés R, Perera G, Balzan C, Khallayoune K, Renaud F. Phylogeography and genetic divergence of some lymnaeid snails, intermediate hosts of human and animal fascioliasis with special reference to lymnaeids from the Bolivian Altiplano. Acta Trop 1997; 64:191-203. [PMID: 9107366 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A population genetic study using starch gel electrophoresis was performed on populations of several species of lymnaeid snails acting as intermediate hosts for Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Plathyhelminth). Lymnaea viatrix was collected in 16 sites from the Bolivian Northern Altiplano. L. cubensis were obtained in one site from Venezuela, one site from Guadeloupe, three sites from Cuba and one site from the Dominican Republic. L. truncatula were collected in one site from France, one from Portugal and one from Morocco. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) were determined for 282 snails at 18 loci. A complete monomorphism was encountered at each geographic site. However, among these 18 loci, 13 are polymorphic and low and high levels of genetic divergence were observed between samples. Two genotypic groups can be differentiated by their multilocus genotypes. The western genotypic group associates together samples from Venezuela, Guadeloupe, Cuba and Dominican Republic (L. cubensis) while samples from France, Portugal and Morocco (L. truncatula) belong to the eastern genotypic group. Surprisingly, the Northern Bolivian Altiplano populations (L. viatrix) do not present any genetic divergence with the Portuguese sample. Therefore, the Bolivian snails belong entirely to the eastern genetic group. Within each group slight genetic divergences were observed. These results strongly support the European origin of the lymnaeid snails from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jabbour-Zahab
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Comparée, UMR 5555 du CNRS Université de Montpellier II, France
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Isolation by distance in a population of a small land snailTrochoidea geyeri: evidence from direct and indirect methods. Proc Biol Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1996.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Städler T, Weisner S, Streit B. Outcrossing rates and correlated matings in a predominantly selfing freshwater snail. Proc Biol Sci 1995; 262:119-25. [PMID: 8524906 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1995.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We estimated outcrossing rates and correlated matings in a natural population of the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Ancylus fluviatilis, using progeny arrays and polymorphic allozyme markers. This design circumvents drawbacks of earlier studies, and yields maximum likelihood estimates of outcrossing rates at both the individual and population level. Adult snails were sampled during the spring breeding period, allowing for prior copulations and sperm transfer under natural conditions. Once in the laboratory, they were kept isolated for 21 days and laid egg capsules, and emerging hatchlings from 42 families were scored for five polymorphic loci. 87 of 848 offspring exhibited non-maternal alleles, representing a minimum population-level outcrossing of 10.3%. Maximum likelihood estimates are in the range 13-15%. Importantly, there is significant among-family heterogeneity, as only 16 of 42 families are estimated to have outcrossed, in accord with high estimates of correlated selfing within progeny arrays. Moreover, the high proportion of full sibs among outcrossed sibs suggests a limited extent of multiple paternity. Our data reveal important heterogeneity in the mating system of an animal hermaphrodite, and indicate the potential for evolutionary change in the breeding system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Städler
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, am Main, Germany
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