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Nguyen HH, Peters K, Kiesel J, Welti EAR, Gillmann SM, Lorenz AW, Jähnig SC, Haase P. Stream macroinvertebrate communities in restored and impacted catchments respond differently to climate, land-use, and runoff over a decade. Sci Total Environ 2024; 929:172659. [PMID: 38657809 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Identifying which environmental drivers underlie degradation and improvements of ecological communities is a fundamental goal of ecology. Achieving this goal is a challenge due to diverse trends in both environmental conditions and ecological communities across regions, and it is constrained by the lack of long-term parallel monitoring of environmental and community data needed to study causal relationships. Here, we identify key environmental drivers using a high-resolution environmental - ecological dataset, an ensemble of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) model, and ecological models to investigate effects of climate, land-use, and runoff on the decadal trend (2012-2021) of stream macroinvertebrate communities in a restored urban catchment and an impacted catchment with mixed land-uses in Germany. The decadal trends showed decreased precipitation, increased temperature, and reduced anthropogenic land-uses, which led to opposing runoff trends - with decreased runoff in the restored catchment and increased runoff in the impacted catchment. The two catchments also varied in decadal trends of taxonomic and trait composition and metrics. The most significant improvements over time were recorded in communities of the restored catchment sites, which have become wastewater free since 2007 to 2009. Within the restored catchment sites, community metric trends were primarily explained by land-use and evaporation trends, while community composition trends were mostly associated with precipitation and runoff trends. Meanwhile, the communities in the impacted catchment did not undergo significant changes between 2012 and 2021, likely influenced by the effects of prolonged droughts following floods after 2018. The results of our study confirm the significance of restoration and land-use management in fostering long-term improvements in stream communities, while climate change remains a prodigious threat. The coupling of long-term biodiversity monitoring with concurrent sampling of relevant environmental drivers is critical for preventative and restorative management in ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanh H Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Kristin Peters
- Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jens Kiesel
- Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ellen A R Welti
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Svenja M Gillmann
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Haase
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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2
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Gillmann SM, Lorenz AW, Kaijser W, Nguyen HH, Haase P, Hering D. How tolerances, competition and dispersal shape benthic invertebrate colonisation in restored urban streams. Sci Total Environ 2024; 929:172665. [PMID: 38653408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Biotic communities often respond poorly to river restoration activities and the drivers of community recovery after restoration are not fully understood. According to the Asymmetric Response Concept (ARC), dispersal capacity, species tolerances to stressors, and biotic interactions are three key drivers influencing community recovery of restored streams. However, the ARC remains to be tested. Here we used a dataset on benthic invertebrate communities of eleven restored stream sections in a former open sewer system that were sampled yearly over a period of eleven years. We applied four indices that reflect tolerance against chloride and organic pollution, the community's dispersal capacity and strength of competition to the benthic invertebrate taxa lists of each year and site. Subsequently, we used generalised linear mixed models to analyse the change of these indices over time since restoration. Dispersal capacity was high directly after restoration but continuously decreased over time. The initial communities thus consisted of good dispersers and were later joined by more slowly dispersing taxa. The tolerance to organic pollution also decreased over time, reflecting continuous improvement of water quality and an associated increase of sensitive species. On the contrary, chloride tolerances did not change, which could indicate a stable chloride level throughout the sampling period. Lastly, competition within the communities, reflected by interspecific trait niche overlap, increased with time since restoration. We show that recovery follows a specific pattern that is comparable between sites. Benthic communities change from tolerant, fast dispersing generalists to more sensitive, slowly dispersing specialists exposed to stronger competition. Our results lay support to the ARC (increasing role of competition, decreasing role of dispersal) but also underline that certain tolerances may still shape communities a decade after restoration. Disentangling the drivers of macroinvertebrate colonisation can help managers to better understand recovery trajectories and to define more realistic restoration targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja M Gillmann
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Willem Kaijser
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hong Hanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hering
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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3
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Haase P, Aurand S, Boretzki J, Albiez M, Sandhaas C, Ummenhofer T, Dietsch P. Bending Behavior of Hybrid Timber-Steel Beams. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1164. [PMID: 38473636 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Driven by climate change and the need for a more sustainable construction sector, policy is increasingly demanding and promoting timber hybrid construction methods. In the German state of Baden-Württemberg, every new public building has to be of timber or timber hybrid construction (Holzbauoffensive BW). The objective of multi-story buildings with large floor spans can only be achieved in a resource-efficient way by hybrid constructions combining timber and steel components. A research project recently completed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology was aimed at the development and systematic investigation of hybrid bending beams in which an advantageous combination of the materials steel and timber is used. For this purpose, steel profiles are integrated into timber cross-sections in a shear-resistant manner by adhesive bonding. As part of the experimental, numerical and analytical investigations, different cross-sections of steel and timber, as well as different construction materials, were considered (GL24h, LVL48p, LVL80p, S355 and S420). The results of large-scale four-point bending tests illustrate the potential of this new hybrid construction method. Depending on the geometry and material combinations tested, the bending stiffness could be increased by up to 250%, and the load-carrying capacity by up to 120%, compared to a glulam beam with identical dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Haase
- Steel and Lightweight Structures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Simon Aurand
- Timber Structures and Building Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jakob Boretzki
- Steel and Lightweight Structures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Albiez
- Steel and Lightweight Structures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carmen Sandhaas
- Timber Structures and Building Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Ummenhofer
- Steel and Lightweight Structures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Philipp Dietsch
- Timber Structures and Building Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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4
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Sinclair JS, Welti EAR, Altermatt F, Álvarez-Cabria M, Aroviita J, Baker NJ, Barešová L, Barquín J, Bonacina L, Bonada N, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Csabai Z, de Eyto E, Dohet A, Dörflinger G, Eriksen TE, Evtimova V, Feio MJ, Ferréol M, Floury M, Forio MAE, Fornaroli R, Goethals PLM, Heino J, Hering D, Huttunen KL, Jähnig SC, Johnson RK, Kuglerová L, Kupilas B, L'Hoste L, Larrañaga A, Leitner P, Lorenz AW, McKie BG, Muotka T, Osadčaja D, Paavola R, Palinauskas V, Pařil P, Pilotto F, Polášek M, Rasmussen JJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Scotti A, Skuja A, Straka M, Stubbington R, Timm H, Tyufekchieva V, Tziortzis I, Vannevel R, Várbíró G, Velle G, Verdonschot RCM, Vray S, Haase P. Multi-decadal improvements in the ecological quality of European rivers are not consistently reflected in biodiversity metrics. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:430-441. [PMID: 38278985 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Humans impact terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems, yet many broad-scale studies have found no systematic, negative biodiversity changes (for example, decreasing abundance or taxon richness). Here we show that mixed biodiversity responses may arise because community metrics show variable responses to anthropogenic impacts across broad spatial scales. We first quantified temporal trends in anthropogenic impacts for 1,365 riverine invertebrate communities from 23 European countries, based on similarity to least-impacted reference communities. Reference comparisons provide necessary, but often missing, baselines for evaluating whether communities are negatively impacted or have improved (less or more similar, respectively). We then determined whether changing impacts were consistently reflected in metrics of community abundance, taxon richness, evenness and composition. Invertebrate communities improved, that is, became more similar to reference conditions, from 1992 until the 2010s, after which improvements plateaued. Improvements were generally reflected by higher taxon richness, providing evidence that certain community metrics can broadly indicate anthropogenic impacts. However, richness responses were highly variable among sites, and we found no consistent responses in community abundance, evenness or composition. These findings suggest that, without sufficient data and careful metric selection, many common community metrics cannot reliably reflect anthropogenic impacts, helping explain the prevalence of mixed biodiversity trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Sinclair
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Ellen A R Welti
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Mario Álvarez-Cabria
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Jukka Aroviita
- Freshwater and Marine Solutions, Finnish Environment Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nathan J Baker
- Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - José Barquín
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Luca Bonacina
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoltán Csabai
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Elvira de Eyto
- Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Ireland
| | - Alain Dohet
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gerald Dörflinger
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Tor E Eriksen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Vesela Evtimova
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria J Feio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Associated Laboratory ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Martial Ferréol
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathieu Floury
- Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Riccardo Fornaroli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter L M Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniel Hering
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard K Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lenka Kuglerová
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Kupilas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Chair for Applied Landscape Ecology and Ecological Planning, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lionel L'Hoste
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Patrick Leitner
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Brendan G McKie
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timo Muotka
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Diana Osadčaja
- Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Kuusamo, Finland
| | | | - Petr Pařil
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marek Polášek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jes J Rasmussen
- NIVA Denmark (Norwegian Institute for Water Research), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alberto Scotti
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano/Bozen, Italy
- APEM Ltd, Stockport, UK
| | - Agnija Skuja
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, p.r.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Henn Timm
- Chair of Hydrobiology and Fishery, Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Elva vald, Estonia
| | - Violeta Tyufekchieva
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iakovos Tziortzis
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Rudy Vannevel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Flanders Environment Agency, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gaute Velle
- LFI - The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ralf C M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Vray
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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5
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Siqueira T, Hawkins CP, Olden JD, Tonkin J, Comte L, Saito VS, Anderson TL, Barbosa GP, Bonada N, Bonecker CC, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Datry T, Flinn MB, Fortuño P, Gerrish GA, Haase P, Hill MJ, Hood JM, Huttunen KL, Jeffries MJ, Muotka T, O'Donnell DR, Paavola R, Paril P, Paterson MJ, Patrick CJ, Perbiche-Neves G, Rodrigues LC, Schneider SC, Straka M, Ruhi A. Understanding temporal variability across trophic levels and spatial scales in freshwater ecosystems. Ecology 2024; 105:e4219. [PMID: 38037301 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A tenet of ecology is that temporal variability in ecological structure and processes tends to decrease with increasing spatial scales (from locales to regions) and levels of biological organization (from populations to communities). However, patterns in temporal variability across trophic levels and the mechanisms that produce them remain poorly understood. Here we analyzed the abundance time series of spatially structured communities (i.e., metacommunities) spanning basal resources to top predators from 355 freshwater sites across three continents. Specifically, we used a hierarchical partitioning method to disentangle the propagation of temporal variability in abundance across spatial scales and trophic levels. We then used structural equation modeling to determine if the strength and direction of relationships between temporal variability, synchrony, biodiversity, and environmental and spatial settings depended on trophic level and spatial scale. We found that temporal variability in abundance decreased from producers to tertiary consumers but did so mainly at the local scale. Species population synchrony within sites increased with trophic level, whereas synchrony among communities decreased. At the local scale, temporal variability in precipitation and species diversity were associated with population variability (linear partial coefficient, β = 0.23) and population synchrony (β = -0.39) similarly across trophic levels, respectively. At the regional scale, community synchrony was not related to climatic or spatial predictors, but the strength of relationships between metacommunity variability and community synchrony decreased systematically from top predators (β = 0.73) to secondary consumers (β = 0.54), to primary consumers (β = 0.30) to producers (β = 0). Our results suggest that mobile predators may often stabilize metacommunities by buffering variability that originates at the base of food webs. This finding illustrates that the trophic structure of metacommunities, which integrates variation in organismal body size and its correlates, should be considered when investigating ecological stability in natural systems. More broadly, our work advances the notion that temporal stability is an emergent property of ecosystems that may be threatened in complex ways by biodiversity loss and habitat fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeu Siqueira
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences, National Aquatic Monitoring Center, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jonathan Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, Bioprotection Aotearoa, Centre of Research Excellence, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Victor S Saito
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thomas L Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA
| | - Gedimar P Barbosa
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Michael B Flinn
- Hancock Biological Station, Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pau Fortuño
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gretchen A Gerrish
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Center for Limnology-Trout Lake Station, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthew J Hill
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - James M Hood
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Timo Muotka
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniel R O'Donnell
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petr Paril
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J Paterson
- International Institute for Sustainable Development Experimental Lakes Area, Kenora, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute p.r.i., Brno Branch Office, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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6
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Haase P, Bowler DE, Baker NJ, Bonada N, Domisch S, Garcia Marquez JR, Heino J, Hering D, Jähnig SC, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Stubbington R, Altermatt F, Álvarez-Cabria M, Amatulli G, Angeler DG, Archambaud-Suard G, Jorrín IA, Aspin T, Azpiroz I, Bañares I, Ortiz JB, Bodin CL, Bonacina L, Bottarin R, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Csabai Z, Datry T, de Eyto E, Dohet A, Dörflinger G, Drohan E, Eikland KA, England J, Eriksen TE, Evtimova V, Feio MJ, Ferréol M, Floury M, Forcellini M, Forio MAE, Fornaroli R, Friberg N, Fruget JF, Georgieva G, Goethals P, Graça MAS, Graf W, House A, Huttunen KL, Jensen TC, Johnson RK, Jones JI, Kiesel J, Kuglerová L, Larrañaga A, Leitner P, L'Hoste L, Lizée MH, Lorenz AW, Maire A, Arnaiz JAM, McKie BG, Millán A, Monteith D, Muotka T, Murphy JF, Ozolins D, Paavola R, Paril P, Peñas FJ, Pilotto F, Polášek M, Rasmussen JJ, Rubio M, Sánchez-Fernández D, Sandin L, Schäfer RB, Scotti A, Shen LQ, Skuja A, Stoll S, Straka M, Timm H, Tyufekchieva VG, Tziortzis I, Uzunov Y, van der Lee GH, Vannevel R, Varadinova E, Várbíró G, Velle G, Verdonschot PFM, Verdonschot RCM, Vidinova Y, Wiberg-Larsen P, Welti EAR. The recovery of European freshwater biodiversity has come to a halt. Nature 2023; 620:582-588. [PMID: 37558875 PMCID: PMC10432276 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Owing to a long history of anthropogenic pressures, freshwater ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to biodiversity loss1. Mitigation measures, including wastewater treatment and hydromorphological restoration, have aimed to improve environmental quality and foster the recovery of freshwater biodiversity2. Here, using 1,816 time series of freshwater invertebrate communities collected across 22 European countries between 1968 and 2020, we quantified temporal trends in taxonomic and functional diversity and their responses to environmental pressures and gradients. We observed overall increases in taxon richness (0.73% per year), functional richness (2.4% per year) and abundance (1.17% per year). However, these increases primarily occurred before the 2010s, and have since plateaued. Freshwater communities downstream of dams, urban areas and cropland were less likely to experience recovery. Communities at sites with faster rates of warming had fewer gains in taxon richness, functional richness and abundance. Although biodiversity gains in the 1990s and 2000s probably reflect the effectiveness of water-quality improvements and restoration projects, the decelerating trajectory in the 2010s suggests that the current measures offer diminishing returns. Given new and persistent pressures on freshwater ecosystems, including emerging pollutants, climate change and the spread of invasive species, we call for additional mitigation to revive the recovery of freshwater biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Diana E Bowler
- Department of Ecosystem Services, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nathan J Baker
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology of Hydrobionts, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sami Domisch
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaime R Garcia Marquez
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniel Hering
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Mario Álvarez-Cabria
- IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - David G Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Gaït Archambaud-Suard
- INRAE, UMR RECOVER Aix Marseille Univ, Centre d'Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | | | | | | | - Iñaki Bañares
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Obras Hidráulicas, Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Barquín Ortiz
- IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Christian L Bodin
- LFI-The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Luca Bonacina
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Bottarin
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- FEHM-Lab, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoltán Csabai
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elvira de Eyto
- Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Ireland
| | - Alain Dohet
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gerald Dörflinger
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emma Drohan
- Centre for Freshwater and Environmental Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Knut A Eikland
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tor E Eriksen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vesela Evtimova
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria J Feio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Martial Ferréol
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mathieu Floury
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Riccardo Fornaroli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Nikolai Friberg
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
- Freshwater Biological Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Galia Georgieva
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manuel A S Graça
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Thomas C Jensen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard K Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Iwan Jones
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jens Kiesel
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lenka Kuglerová
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Patrick Leitner
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lionel L'Hoste
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marie-Helène Lizée
- INRAE, UMR RECOVER Aix Marseille Univ, Centre d'Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony Maire
- Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement, EDF Recherche et Développement, Chatou, France
| | | | - Brendan G McKie
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrés Millán
- Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Don Monteith
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Timo Muotka
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - John F Murphy
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Davis Ozolins
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Kuusamo, Finland
| | - Petr Paril
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco J Peñas
- IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marek Polášek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Manu Rubio
- Ekolur Asesoría Ambiental SLL, Oiartzun, Spain
| | | | - Leonard Sandin
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Science, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Alberto Scotti
- Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- APEM, Stockport, UK
| | - Longzhu Q Shen
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Green Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Agnija Skuja
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Stefan Stoll
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Environmental Planning / Environmental Technology, University of Applied Sciences Trier, Birkenfeld, Germany
| | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Henn Timm
- Chair of Hydrobiology and Fishery, Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Elva vald, Estonia
| | - Violeta G Tyufekchieva
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iakovos Tziortzis
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Yordan Uzunov
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gea H van der Lee
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudy Vannevel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Flanders Environment Agency, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Emilia Varadinova
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Geography, Ecology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- Department of Tisza River Research, Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gaute Velle
- LFI-The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Piet F M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf C M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanka Vidinova
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Ellen A R Welti
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA.
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7
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Haubrock PJ, Pilotto F, Haase P. Multidecadal data indicate increase of aquatic insects in Central European streams. Sci Total Environ 2023; 879:163017. [PMID: 36963681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, declining insect biodiversity has sparked interest among scientists and drawn the attention of society and politicians. However, our understanding of the extent of this decline is incomplete, particularly for freshwater insects that provide a key trophic link between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but that are also especially vulnerable to climate change. To investigate the response of freshwater insects to climate change, we quantified shifts in insect abundance and diversity across 7264 samples covering Central Europe during 1990-2018 and related these changes to annual data on temperature and precipitation. We observed both increases in richness (10.6 %) and abundance (9.5 %) of freshwater insects over the past three decades. These changes were related to increases in summer temperature and summer precipitation, which had negative effects on species richness, and to increases in winter temperature and precipitation, which had positive effects. Further we found that increased temperature was generally related to increased abundance, whereas increased precipitation was associated with declines, thus highlighting the particularly varying impacts on differing insect orders. Given that freshwater insects have been more severely affected by global change than marine and terrestrial species, the observed increases are a positive sign, but the overall situation of freshwater invertebrates is still critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodňany, Czech Republic; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait.
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Biblioteksgränd 3, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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8
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Haubrock PJ, Cuthbert RN, Haase P. Long-term trends and drivers of biological invasion in Central European streams. Sci Total Environ 2023; 876:162817. [PMID: 36924970 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rates of biological invasion continue to accelerate and threaten the structure and function of ecosystems worldwide. High habitat connectivity, multiple pathways, and inadequate monitoring have rendered aquatic ecosystems vulnerable to species introductions. Past riverine invasion dynamics were largely restricted to large rivers, leaving out smaller rivers that commonly harbour high freshwater biodiversity. Moreover, biodiversity time series have rarely been used to investigate invasions across larger spatial-temporal scales, limiting our understanding of aquatic invasion dynamics. Here, we used 6067 benthic invertebrate samples from streams and small rivers from the EU Water Framework Directive monitoring program collected across Central Europe between 2000 and 2018 to assess temporal changes to benthic invertebrate communities as well as non-native species. We assessed invasion rates according to temperature, precipitation, elevation, latitude, longitude, and stream type. Overall, average daily temperatures significantly increased by 0.02 °C per annum (0.34 °C in total) while annual precipitation significantly decreased by 0.01 mm per annum (-67.8 mm over the study period), paralleled with significant increases in overall species richness (12.3 %) and abundance (14.9 %); water quality was relatively stable. Non-native species richness increased 5-fold and abundance 40-fold, indicating an ongoing community shift from native to non-native species. The observed increase in invasions was stronger in low mountain rivers compared to low mountain streams, with the share of non-native species abundance and richness declining with increasing elevation and latitude but increasing with temperature. We found thermophilic non-native species invasion success was greatest in larger sized streams, at lower latitudes, lower elevations and higher temperatures. These results indicate that widespread environmental characteristics (i.e., temperature) could heighten invasion success and confer refuge effects (i.e., elevation and latitude) in higher sites. High altitude and latitude environments should be prioritised for prevention efforts, while biosecurity and management should be improved in lowland areas subject to greater anthropogenic pressure, where non-native introductions are more likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait.
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 5DL Belfast, UK
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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9
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Manfrin A, Pilotto F, Larsen S, Tonkin JD, Lorenz AW, Haase P, Stoll S. Taxonomic and functional reorganization in Central European stream macroinvertebrate communities over 25 years. Sci Total Environ 2023; 889:164278. [PMID: 37211117 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming can lead to a replacement of species that favour cold temperatures by species that favour warm temperatures. However, the implications of such thermic shifts for the functioning of ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we used stream macroinvertebrate biological and ecological traits to quantify the relative contribution of cold, intermediate and warm temperature-adapted taxa to changes in community functional diversity (FD) using a dataset of 3781 samples collected in Central Europe over 25 years, from 1990 to 2014. Our analyses indicated that functional diversity of stream macroinvertebrate communities increased over the study period. This gain was driven by a net 39 % increase in the richness of taxa that favour intermediate temperatures, which comprise the highest share in the community, and to a 97 % increase in the richness of taxa that favour warm temperatures. These warm temperature-adapted taxa displayed a distinct and more diverse suite of functional traits compared to the cold temperature-adapted group and thus contributed disproportionately to local FD on a per-taxon basis. At the same time, taxonomic beta-diversity declined significantly within each thermal group, in association with increasing local taxon richness. This study shows that over recent decades, small low-mountain streams in Central Europe have experienced a process of thermophilization and increasing functional diversity at local scales. However, a progressive homogenisation occurred at the regional scale, with communities converging towards similar taxonomic composition. As the reported increase in local functional diversity can be attributed mostly to the intermediate temperature-adapted taxa and a few expanding warm temperature-adapted taxa, these patterns could mask more subtle loss of sensitive cold temperature-adapted taxa with irreplaceable functional traits. In light of increasing climate warming, preservation of cold habitat refuges, should be considered a priority in river conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau/Pfalz, Germany; University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Biblioteksgränd 3, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Sognsveien 68, 0855 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Larsen
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, New Zealand; Bioprotection Aotearoa, Centre of Research Excellence, Lincoln University, 7647, Post Box 85084, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystraße 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
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10
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Vos M, Hering D, Gessner MO, Leese F, Schäfer RB, Tollrian R, Boenigk J, Haase P, Meckenstock R, Baikova D, Bayat H, Beermann A, Beisser D, Beszteri B, Birk S, Boden L, Brauer V, Brauns M, Buchner D, Burfeid-Castellanos A, David G, Deep A, Doliwa A, Dunthorn M, Enß J, Escobar-Sierra C, Feld CK, Fohrer N, Grabner D, Hadziomerovic U, Jähnig SC, Jochmann M, Khaliq S, Kiesel J, Kuppels A, Lampert KP, Le TTY, Lorenz AW, Madariaga GM, Meyer B, Pantel JH, Pimentel IM, Mayombo NS, Nguyen HH, Peters K, Pfeifer SM, Prati S, Probst AJ, Reiner D, Rolauffs P, Schlenker A, Schmidt TC, Shah M, Sieber G, Stach TL, Tielke AK, Vermiert AM, Weiss M, Weitere M, Sures B. The Asymmetric Response Concept explains ecological consequences of multiple stressor exposure and release. Sci Total Environ 2023; 872:162196. [PMID: 36781140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Our capacity to predict trajectories of ecosystem degradation and recovery is limited, especially when impairments are caused by multiple stressors. Recovery may be fast or slow and either complete or partial, sometimes result in novel ecosystem states or even fail completely. Here, we introduce the Asymmetric Response Concept (ARC) that provides a basis for exploring and predicting the pace and magnitude of ecological responses to, and release from, multiple stressors. The ARC holds that three key mechanisms govern population, community and ecosystem trajectories. Stress tolerance is the main mechanism determining responses to increasing stressor intensity, whereas dispersal and biotic interactions predominantly govern responses to the release from stressors. The shifting importance of these mechanisms creates asymmetries between the ecological trajectories that follow increasing and decreasing stressor intensities. This recognition helps to understand multiple stressor impacts and to predict which measures will restore communities that are resistant to restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Vos
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity Research, Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Hering
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany.
| | - Mark O Gessner
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany; Department of Ecology, Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin), Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Leese
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralph Tollrian
- Department of Animal Ecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Evolution and Biodiversity, Germany
| | - Jens Boenigk
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer Meckenstock
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daria Baikova
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Helena Bayat
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Arne Beermann
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Beisser
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bánk Beszteri
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Phycology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Birk
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Boden
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Brauer
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Buchner
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Gwendoline David
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany
| | - Aman Deep
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annemie Doliwa
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Micah Dunthorn
- Eukaryotic Microbiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julian Enß
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Christian K Feld
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, CAU Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Grabner
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany
| | - Una Hadziomerovic
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Jochmann
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Shaista Khaliq
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Kiesel
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, CAU Kiel, Germany
| | - Annabel Kuppels
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity Research, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - T T Yen Le
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Graciela Medina Madariaga
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meyer
- Aquatic Microbial Ecology, University of Duisburg-, Essen, Germany
| | - Jelena H Pantel
- Ecological Modelling, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Hong Hanh Nguyen
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kristin Peters
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, CAU Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Prati
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Reiner
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Rolauffs
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schlenker
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manan Shah
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Aquatic Microbial Ecology, University of Duisburg-, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Sieber
- Biodiversity, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ann-Kathrin Tielke
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity Research, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Vermiert
- Department of Animal Ecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Evolution and Biodiversity, Germany
| | - Martina Weiss
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany; Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Weitere
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Essen, Germany
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11
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Grigoropoulou A, Hamid SA, Acosta R, Akindele EO, Al‐Shami SA, Altermatt F, Amatulli G, Angeler DG, Arimoro FO, Aroviita J, Astorga‐Roine A, Bastos RC, Bonada N, Boukas N, Brand C, Bremerich V, Bush A, Cai Q, Callisto M, Chen K, Cruz PV, Dangles O, Death R, Deng X, Domínguez E, Dudgeon D, Eriksen TE, Faria APJ, Feio MJ, Fernández‐Aláez C, Floury M, García‐Criado F, García‐Girón J, Graf W, Grönroos M, Haase P, Hamada N, He F, Heino J, Holzenthal R, Huttunen K, Jacobsen D, Jähnig SC, Jetz W, Johnson RK, Juen L, Kalkman V, Kati V, Keke UN, Koroiva R, Kuemmerlen M, Langhans SD, Ligeiro R, Van Looy K, Maasri A, Marchant R, Garcia Marquez JR, Martins RT, Melo AS, Metzeling L, Miserendino ML, Moe SJ, Molineri C, Muotka T, Mustonen K, Mykrä H, Cavalcante do Nascimento JM, Valente‐Neto F, Neu PJ, Nieto C, Pauls SU, Paulson DR, Rios‐Touma B, Rodrigues ME, de Oliveira Roque F, Salazar Salina J, Schmera D, Schmidt‐Kloiber A, Shah D, Simaika JP, Siqueira T, Tachamo‐Shah RD, Theischinger G, Thompson R, Tonkin JD, Torres‐Cambas Y, Townsend C, Turak E, Twardochleb L, Wang B, Yanygina L, Zamora‐Muñoz C, Domisch S. The global EPTO database: Worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects. Global Ecol Biogeogr 2023; 32:642-655. [DOI: 10.1111/geb.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Grigoropoulou
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Suhaila Ab Hamid
- School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
| | - Raúl Acosta
- FEHM‐Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Salman A. Al‐Shami
- Indian River Research and Education Center, IFAS University of Florida Fort Pierce Florida USA
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Amatulli
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, EEB Department Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - David G. Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Francis O. Arimoro
- Department of Animal Biology Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria
| | - Jukka Aroviita
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre Oulu Finland
| | - Anna Astorga‐Roine
- Centro de Investigacion en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia, CIEP Coyhaique Chile
| | - Rafael Costa Bastos
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão Codó Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM‐Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Nikos Boukas
- Department of Biological Applications and Technologies University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece
| | - Cecilia Brand
- CIEMEP (CONICET‐UNPSJB) Esquel Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
| | - Vanessa Bremerich
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Alex Bush
- Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Lancaster UK
| | - Qinghua Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Marcos Callisto
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Paulo Vilela Cruz
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Conservação Universidade Federal de Rondônia – UNIR Rolim de Moura Brazil
| | - Olivier Dangles
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5175, CNRS, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Russell Death
- Institute of Natural Resources – Ecology Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Xiling Deng
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Germany
| | - Eduardo Domínguez
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical‐ CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Tucuman Yerba Buena Argentina
| | - David Dudgeon
- Division of Ecology & Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | | | - Ana Paula J. Faria
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | - Maria João Feio
- Department Life Sciences, FCTUC, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Associate Laboratory ARNET University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Mathieu Floury
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Jorge García‐Girón
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management University of León León Spain
- Geography Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Wolfram Graf
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Mira Grönroos
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Neusa Hamada
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - Fengzhi He
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Ralph Holzenthal
- Department of Entomology University of Minnesota St Paul Minnesota USA
| | | | - Dean Jacobsen
- Freshwater Biological Section, Department of Biology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Sonja C. Jähnig
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Geography Department Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Walter Jetz
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, EEB Department Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Richard K. Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Leandro Juen
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | | | - Vassiliki Kati
- Department of Biological Applications and Technologies University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece
| | - Unique N. Keke
- Department of Animal Biology Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria
| | - Ricardo Koroiva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB João Pessoa Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | | | | | - Raphael Ligeiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | | | - Alain Maasri
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Jaime Ricardo Garcia Marquez
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Renato T. Martins
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - Adriano S. Melo
- Departamento de Ecologia – IB Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Maria Laura Miserendino
- CIEMEP (CONICET‐UNPSJB) Esquel Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
| | | | - Carlos Molineri
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical‐ CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Tucuman Yerba Buena Argentina
| | - Timo Muotka
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | | | - Heikki Mykrä
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre Oulu Finland
| | - Jeane Marcelle Cavalcante do Nascimento
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Zoologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil
| | - Francisco Valente‐Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Animal Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Nieto
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical‐ CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Tucuman Yerba Buena Argentina
| | - Steffen U. Pauls
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Germany
| | - Dennis R. Paulson
- Slater Museum of Natural History University of Puget Sound Tacoma Washington State USA
| | - Blanca Rios‐Touma
- Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS) Universidad de Las Américas‐Ecuador Quito Ecuador
| | - Marciel Elio Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Vitória da Conquista Brazil
| | - Fabio de Oliveira Roque
- Institute of BioScience Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Salazar Salina
- Departamento de Biología y Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad de Oriente Santiago de Cuba Cuba
| | - Dénes Schmera
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute Tihany Hungary
| | | | - Deep Narayan Shah
- Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal
| | - John P. Simaika
- Department of Water Resources and Ecosystems IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Delft The Netherlands
| | - Tadeu Siqueira
- Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Rio Claro Brazil
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Ram Devi Tachamo‐Shah
- Department of Life Sciences and Aquatic Ecology Centre Kathmandu University Dhulikhel Nepal
| | | | - Ross Thompson
- Centre for Applied Water Science University of Canberra Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Jonathan D. Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Te Pūnaha Matatini Centre of Research Excellence University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Bioprotection Aotearoa Centre of Research Excellence University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Yusdiel Torres‐Cambas
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Colin Townsend
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Eren Turak
- Department of Planning and Environment NSW Government Parramatta New South Wales Australia
| | - Laura Twardochleb
- California Department of Water Resources West Sacramento California USA
| | - Beixin Wang
- Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | | | | | - Sami Domisch
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
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12
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Haubrock PJ, Pilotto F, Soto I, Kühn I, Verreycken H, Seebens H, Cuthbert RN, Haase P. Long-term trends in abundances of non-native species across biomes, realms, and taxonomic groups in Europe. Sci Total Environ 2023; 884:163808. [PMID: 37127152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rates of biological invasion have increased over recent centuries and are expected to increase in the future. Whereas increasing rates of non-native species incursions across realms, taxonomic groups, and regions are well-reported, trends in abundances within these contexts have lacked analysis due to a paucity of long-term data at large spatiotemporal scales. These knowledge gaps impede prioritisation of realms, regions, and taxonomic groups for management. We analysed 180 biological time series (median 15 ± 12.8 sampling years) mainly from Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites comprising abundances of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial non-native species in Europe. A high number (150; 83,3 %) of these time series were invaded by at least one non-native species. We tested whether (i) local long-term abundance trends of non-native species are consistent among environmental realms, taxonomic groups, and regions, and (ii) if any detected trend can be explained by climatic conditions. Our results indicate that abundance trends at local scales are highly variable, with evidence of declines in marine and freshwater long-term monitoring sites, despite non-native species reports increasing rapidly since the late 1970s. These declines were driven mostly by abundance trends in non-native fish, birds, and invertebrate species in three biogeographic regions (Continental, Atlantic, and the North Sea). Temperature and precipitation were important predictors of observed abundance trends across Europe. Yet, the response was larger for species with already declining trends and differed among taxa. Our results indicate that trends in biological invasions, especially across different taxonomic groups, are context-dependent and require robust local data to understand long-term trends across contexts at large scales. While the process of biological invasion is spatiotemporally broad, economic or ecological impacts are generally realised on the local level. Accordingly, we urge proactive and coordinated management actions from local to large scales, as invasion impacts are substantial and dynamics are prone to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait.
| | | | - Ismael Soto
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ingolf Kühn
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Dept. Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Geobotany & Botanical Garden, 06108 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hugo Verreycken
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, INBO, Havenlaan 88 bus 73, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hanno Seebens
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 5DL Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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13
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Le Hen G, Balzani P, Haase P, Kouba A, Liu C, Nagelkerke LAJ, Theissen N, Renault D, Soto I, Haubrock PJ. Alien species and climate change drive shifts in a riverine fish community and trait compositions over 35 years. Sci Total Environ 2023; 867:161486. [PMID: 36626991 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alien fish substantially impact aquatic communities. However, their effects on trait composition remain poorly understood, especially at large spatiotemporal scales. Here, we used long-term biomonitoring data (1984-2018) from 31 fish communities of the Rhine river in Germany to investigate compositional and functional changes over time. Average total community richness increased by 49 %: it was stable until 2004, then declined until 2010, before increasing until 2018. Average abundance decreased by 9 %. Starting from 198 individuals/m2 in 1984 abundance largely declined to 23 individuals/m2 in 2010 (-88 %), and then consequently increased by 678 % up to 180 individuals/m2 until 2018. Increases in abundance and richness starting around 2010 were mainly driven by the establishment of alien species: while alien species represented 5 % of all species and 0.1 % of total individuals in 1993, it increased to 30 % (7 species) and 32 % of individuals in 2018. Concomitant to the increase in alien species, average native species richness and abundance declined by 26 % and 50 % respectively. We identified increases in temperature, precipitation, abundance and richness of alien fish driving compositional changes after 2010. To get more insights on the impacts of alien species on fish communities, we used 12 biological and 13 ecological traits to compute four trait metrics each. Ecological trait dispersion increased before 2010, probably due to diminishing ecologically similar native species. No changes in trait metrics were measured after 2010, albeit relative shares of expressed trait modalities significantly changing. The observed shift in trait modalities suggested the introduction of new species carrying similar and novel trait modalities. Our results revealed significant changes in taxonomic and trait compositions following alien fish introductions and climatic change. To conclude, our analyses show taxonomic and functional changes in the Rhine river over 35 years, likely indicative of future changes in ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendaline Le Hen
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, 35000 Rennes, France; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Paride Balzani
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Antonín Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Leopold A J Nagelkerke
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nikola Theissen
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection, Hauptsitz, Leibnizstraße 10, 45659 Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, 35000 Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Ismael Soto
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
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14
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Marsh CJ, Gavish Y, Kuemmerlen M, Stoll S, Haase P, Kunin WE. SDM profiling: A tool for assessing the information-content of sampled and unsampled locations for species distribution models. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Sinclair JS, Mademann JA, Haubrock PJ, Haase P. Primarily neutral effects of river restoration on macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and fishes after a decade of monitoring. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Sinclair
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt 63571 Clamecystraße 12 Gelnhausen Germany
| | - J. A. Mademann
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt 63571 Clamecystraße 12 Gelnhausen Germany
- Faculty of Biology Free University of Berlin 14195 Schwendenerstr. 1 Berlin Germany
| | - P. J. Haubrock
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt 63571 Clamecystraße 12 Gelnhausen Germany
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany Czech Republic
| | - P. Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt 63571 Clamecystraße 12 Gelnhausen Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg Essen 45141 Universitätsstraße 5 Essen Germany
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16
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Soto I, Cuthbert RN, Ahmed DA, Kouba A, Domisch S, Marquez JRG, Beidas A, Amatulli G, Kiesel J, Shen LQ, Florencio M, Lima H, Briski E, Altermatt F, Archambaud‐Suard G, Borza P, Csabai Z, Datry T, Floury M, Forcellini M, Fruget J, Leitner P, Lizée M, Maire A, Ricciardi A, Schäfer RB, Stubbington R, Van der Lee GH, Várbíró G, Verdonschot RCM, Haase P, Haubrock PJ. Tracking a killer shrimp:
Dikerogammarus villosus
invasion dynamics across Europe. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Soto
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Vodňany Czech Republic
| | - Ross N. Cuthbert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel Kiel Germany
- School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Danish A. Ahmed
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally Kuwait
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Vodňany Czech Republic
| | - Sami Domisch
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Jaime R. G. Marquez
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
| | - Ayah Beidas
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally Kuwait
| | | | - Jens Kiesel
- Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Kiel Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg–Essen Essen Germany
| | - Longzhu Q. Shen
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Institute for Green Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Margarita Florencio
- Inland‐Water Ecosystems Team (I‐WET), Departamento de Ecología, Edificio de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC‐UAM) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Herlander Lima
- GloCEE – Global Change Ecology & Evolution Group, Department of Life Sciences University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Spain
| | | | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Gaït Archambaud‐Suard
- INRAE, UMR RECOVER, Aix Marseille Univ., Centre d'Aix‐en‐Provence Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 5 France
| | - Peter Borza
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Aquatic Ecology Budapest Hungary
| | - Zoltan Csabai
- Department of Hydrobiology University of Pécs Pécs Hungary
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Thibault Datry
- RiverLY Research Unit, National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) Villeurbanne France
| | - Mathieu Floury
- UMR 5023 LEHNA Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE Villeurbanne France
| | - Maxence Forcellini
- RiverLY Research Unit, National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) Villeurbanne France
| | | | - Patrick Leitner
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Marie‐Hélène Lizée
- INRAE, UMR RECOVER, Aix Marseille Univ., Centre d'Aix‐en‐Provence Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 5 France
| | - Anthony Maire
- EDF R&D, Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement (LNHE) Chatou Cedex France
| | - Anthony Ricciardi
- Redpath Museum and Bieler School of Environment McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Ralf B. Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz Landau Landau Germany
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science & Technology Nottingham Trent University Nottingham UK
| | - Gea H. Van der Lee
- Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- Department of Tisza River Research, Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Aquatic Ecology Debrecen Hungary
| | - Ralf C. M. Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Peter Haase
- Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg–Essen Essen Germany
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Gelnhausen Germany
| | - Phillip J. Haubrock
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Vodňany Czech Republic
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Gelnhausen Germany
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17
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Jupke JF, Birk S, Álvarez-Cabria M, Aroviita J, Barquín J, Belmar O, Bonada N, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Chiriac G, Elexová EM, Feld CK, Ferreira MT, Haase P, Huttunen KL, Lazaridou M, Lešťáková M, Miliša M, Muotka T, Paavola R, Panek P, Pařil P, Peeters ETHM, Polášek M, Sandin L, Schmera D, Straka M, Usseglio-Polatera P, Schäfer RB. Evaluating the biological validity of European river typology systems with least disturbed benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Sci Total Environ 2022; 842:156689. [PMID: 35724793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humans have severely altered freshwater ecosystems globally, causing a loss of biodiversity. Regulatory frameworks, like the Water Framework Directive, have been developed to support actions that halt and reverse this loss. These frameworks use typology systems that summarize freshwater ecosystems into environmentally delineated types. Within types, ecosystems that are minimally impacted by human activities, i.e., in reference conditions, are expected to be similar concerning physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. This assumption is critical when water quality assessments rely on comparisons to type-specific reference conditions. Lyche Solheim et al. (2019) developed a pan-European river typology system, the Broad River Types, that unifies the national Water Framework Directive typology systems and is gaining traction within the research community. However, it is unknown how similar biological communities are within these individual Broad River Types. We used analysis of similarities and classification strength analysis to examine if the Broad River Types delineate distinct macroinvertebrate communities across Europe and whether they outperform two ecoregional approaches: the European Biogeographical Regions and Illies' Freshwater Ecoregions. We determined indicator and typical taxa for the types of all three typology systems and evaluated their distinctiveness. All three typology systems captured more variation in macroinvertebrate communities than random combinations of sites. The results were similar among typology systems, but the Broad River Types always performed worse than either the Biogeographic Regions or Illies' Freshwater Ecoregions. Despite reaching statistical significance, the statistics of analysis of similarity and classification strength were low in all tests indicating substantial overlap among the macroinvertebrate communities of different types. We conclude that the Broad River Types do not represent an improvement upon existing freshwater typologies when used to delineate macroinvertebrate communities and we propose future avenues for advancement: regionally constrained types, better recognition of intermittent rivers, and consideration of biotic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Jupke
- iES, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Birk
- Faculty of Biology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Mario Álvarez-Cabria
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria- Avda, Isabel Torres, 15, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Jukka Aroviita
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, P.O. Box 413, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - José Barquín
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria- Avda, Isabel Torres, 15, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Oscar Belmar
- Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Espinardo Campus, Spain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Grup de Recerca "Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management" (FEHM), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Serra Húnter fellow, "Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology, and Management" (FEHM), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Chiriac
- National Administration "Apele Romane", Edgar Quinet 6, 010017 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Christian K Feld
- Faculty of Biology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - M Teresa Ferreira
- Forest Research Centre and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Peter Haase
- Faculty of Biology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, Gelnhausen 65371, Germany
| | - Kaisa-Leena Huttunen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Lazaridou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 134, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Margita Lešťáková
- Water Research Institute, Nábrežie arm. gen. L. Svobodu 5,81249 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marko Miliša
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Timo Muotka
- Grup de Recerca "Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management" (FEHM), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Liikasenvaarantie 134, FI-93900 Kuusamo, Finland
| | - Piotr Panek
- Department of Environmental Monitoring, Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, Aleje Jerozolimskie 92, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Petr Pařil
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Edwin T H M Peeters
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marek Polášek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, p. r. i., Mojmírovo náměstí 16, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Leonard Sandin
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, NO-0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dénes Schmera
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, p. r. i., Mojmírovo náměstí 16, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Philippe Usseglio-Polatera
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, UMR 7360, LIEC, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
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18
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Haubrock PJ, Ahmed DA, Cuthbert RN, Stubbington R, Domisch S, Marquez JRG, Beidas A, Amatulli G, Kiesel J, Shen LQ, Soto I, Angeler DG, Bonada N, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Csabai Z, Datry T, de Eyto E, Dohet A, Drohan E, England J, Feio MJ, Forio MAE, Goethals P, Graf W, Heino J, Hudgins EJ, Jähnig SC, Johnson RK, Larrañaga A, Leitner P, L'Hoste L, Lizee MH, Maire A, Rasmussen JJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Vannevel R, Várbíró G, Wiberg-Larsen P, Haase P. Invasion impacts and dynamics of a European-wide introduced species. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:4620-4632. [PMID: 35570183 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Globalization has led to the introduction of thousands of alien species worldwide. With growing impacts by invasive species, understanding the invasion process remains critical for predicting adverse effects and informing efficient management. Theoretically, invasion dynamics have been assumed to follow an "invasion curve" (S-shaped curve of available area invaded over time), but this dynamic has lacked empirical testing using large-scale data and neglects to consider invader abundances. We propose an "impact curve" describing the impacts generated by invasive species over time based on cumulative abundances. To test this curve's large-scale applicability, we used the data-rich New Zealand mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum, one of the most damaging freshwater invaders that has invaded almost all of Europe. Using long-term (1979-2020) abundance and environmental data collected across 306 European sites, we observed that P. antipodarum abundance generally increased through time, with slower population growth at higher latitudes and with lower runoff depth. Fifty-nine percent of these populations followed the impact curve, characterized by first occurrence, exponential growth, then long-term saturation. This behaviour is consistent with boom-bust dynamics, as saturation occurs due to a rapid decline in abundance over time. Across sites, we estimated that impact peaked approximately two decades after first detection, but the rate of progression along the invasion process was influenced by local abiotic conditions. The S-shaped impact curve may be common among many invasive species that undergo complex invasion dynamics. This provides a potentially unifying approach to advance understanding of large-scale invasion dynamics and could inform timely management actions to mitigate impacts on ecosystems and economies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Danish A Ahmed
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sami Domisch
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaime R G Marquez
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ayah Beidas
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Giuseppe Amatulli
- Yale University, School of the Environment, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jens Kiesel
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Berlin, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Kiel, Germany
| | - Longzhu Q Shen
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Berlin, Germany
- Carnegie Mellon University, Institute for Green Science, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ismael Soto
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - David G Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Núria Bonada
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoltán Csabai
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Alain Dohet
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Emma Drohan
- Institute of Technology, Centre for Freshwater and Environmental Studies, Dundalk, Ireland
| | | | - Maria J Feio
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marie A E Forio
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wolfram Graf
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Emma J Hudgins
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Berlin, Germany
- Geography Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard K Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Patrick Leitner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lionel L'Hoste
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Marie-Helene Lizee
- RECOVER Research Unit, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Anthony Maire
- EDF R&D, Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement (LNHE), Chatou, France
| | - Jes J Rasmussen
- Section for Nature Based Solutions, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- University of Koblenz Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Landau, Germany
| | - Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gábor Várbíró
- Department of Tisza Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Essen, Germany
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19
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Jeliazkov A, Gavish Y, Marsh CJ, Geschke J, Brummitt N, Rocchini D, Haase P, Kunin WE, Henle K. Sampling and modelling rare species: Conceptual guidelines for the neglected majority. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3754-3777. [PMID: 35098624 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity conservation faces a methodological conundrum: Biodiversity measurement often relies on species, most of which are rare at various scales, especially prone to extinction under global change, but also the most challenging to sample and model. Predicting the distribution change of rare species using conventional species distribution models is challenging because rare species are hardly captured by most survey systems. When enough data are available, predictions are usually spatially biased towards locations where the species is most likely to occur, violating the assumptions of many modelling frameworks. Workflows to predict and eventually map rare species distributions imply important trade-offs between data quantity, quality, representativeness and model complexity that need to be considered prior to survey and analysis. Our opinion is that study designs need to carefully integrate the different steps, from species sampling to modelling, in accordance with the different types of rarity and available data in order to improve our capacity for sound assessment and prediction of rare species distribution. In this article, we summarize and comment on how different categories of species rarity lead to different types of occurrence and distribution data depending on choices made during the survey process, namely the spatial distribution of samples (where to sample) and the sampling protocol in each selected location (how to sample). We then clarify which species distribution models are suitable depending on the different types of distribution data (how to model). Among others, for most rarity forms, we highlight the insights from systematic species-targeted sampling coupled with hierarchical models that allow correcting for overdispersion and spatial and sampling sources of bias. Our article provides scientists and practitioners with a much-needed guide through the ever-increasing diversity of methodological developments to improve the prediction of rare species distribution depending on rarity type and available data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoni Gavish
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Charles J Marsh
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Ecology and Evolution & Yale Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jonas Geschke
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Neil Brummitt
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Duccio Rocchini
- BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Spatial Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Henle
- Department of Conservation Biology & Social-Ecological Systems, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
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Lembrechts JJ, van den Hoogen J, Aalto J, Ashcroft MB, De Frenne P, Kemppinen J, Kopecký M, Luoto M, Maclean IMD, Crowther TW, Bailey JJ, Haesen S, Klinges DH, Niittynen P, Scheffers BR, Van Meerbeek K, Aartsma P, Abdalaze O, Abedi M, Aerts R, Ahmadian N, Ahrends A, Alatalo JM, Alexander JM, Allonsius CN, Altman J, Ammann C, Andres C, Andrews C, Ardö J, Arriga N, Arzac A, Aschero V, Assis RL, Assmann JJ, Bader MY, Bahalkeh K, Barančok P, Barrio IC, Barros A, Barthel M, Basham EW, Bauters M, Bazzichetto M, Marchesini LB, Bell MC, Benavides JC, Benito Alonso JL, Berauer BJ, Bjerke JW, Björk RG, Björkman MP, Björnsdóttir K, Blonder B, Boeckx P, Boike J, Bokhorst S, Brum BNS, Brůna J, Buchmann N, Buysse P, Camargo JL, Campoe OC, Candan O, Canessa R, Cannone N, Carbognani M, Carnicer J, Casanova‐Katny A, Cesarz S, Chojnicki B, Choler P, Chown SL, Cifuentes EF, Čiliak M, Contador T, Convey P, Cooper EJ, Cremonese E, Curasi SR, Curtis R, Cutini M, Dahlberg CJ, Daskalova GN, de Pablo MA, Della Chiesa S, Dengler J, Deronde B, Descombes P, Di Cecco V, Di Musciano M, Dick J, Dimarco RD, Dolezal J, Dorrepaal E, Dušek J, Eisenhauer N, Eklundh L, Erickson TE, Erschbamer B, Eugster W, Ewers RM, Exton DA, Fanin N, Fazlioglu F, Feigenwinter I, Fenu G, Ferlian O, Fernández Calzado MR, Fernández‐Pascual E, Finckh M, Higgens RF, Forte TGW, Freeman EC, Frei ER, Fuentes‐Lillo E, García RA, García MB, Géron C, Gharun M, Ghosn D, Gigauri K, Gobin A, Goded I, Goeckede M, Gottschall F, Goulding K, Govaert S, Graae BJ, Greenwood S, Greiser C, Grelle A, Guénard B, Guglielmin M, Guillemot J, Haase P, Haider S, Halbritter AH, Hamid M, Hammerle A, Hampe A, Haugum SV, Hederová L, Heinesch B, Helfter C, Hepenstrick D, Herberich M, Herbst M, Hermanutz L, Hik DS, Hoffrén R, Homeier J, Hörtnagl L, Høye TT, Hrbacek F, Hylander K, Iwata H, Jackowicz‐Korczynski MA, Jactel H, Järveoja J, Jastrzębowski S, Jentsch A, Jiménez JJ, Jónsdóttir IS, Jucker T, Jump AS, Juszczak R, Kanka R, Kašpar V, Kazakis G, Kelly J, Khuroo AA, Klemedtsson L, Klisz M, Kljun N, Knohl A, Kobler J, Kollár J, Kotowska MM, Kovács B, Kreyling J, Lamprecht A, Lang SI, Larson C, Larson K, Laska K, le Maire G, Leihy RI, Lens L, Liljebladh B, Lohila A, Lorite J, Loubet B, Lynn J, Macek M, Mackenzie R, Magliulo E, Maier R, Malfasi F, Máliš F, Man M, Manca G, Manco A, Manise T, Manolaki P, Marciniak F, Matula R, Mazzolari AC, Medinets S, Medinets V, Meeussen C, Merinero S, Mesquita RDCG, Meusburger K, Meysman FJR, Michaletz ST, Milbau A, Moiseev D, Moiseev P, Mondoni A, Monfries R, Montagnani L, Moriana‐Armendariz M, Morra di Cella U, Mörsdorf M, Mosedale JR, Muffler L, Muñoz‐Rojas M, Myers JA, Myers‐Smith IH, Nagy L, Nardino M, Naujokaitis‐Lewis I, Newling E, Nicklas L, Niedrist G, Niessner A, Nilsson MB, Normand S, Nosetto MD, Nouvellon Y, Nuñez MA, Ogaya R, Ogée J, Okello J, Olejnik J, Olesen JE, Opedal ØH, Orsenigo S, Palaj A, Pampuch T, Panov AV, Pärtel M, Pastor A, Pauchard A, Pauli H, Pavelka M, Pearse WD, Peichl M, Pellissier L, Penczykowski RM, Penuelas J, Petit Bon M, Petraglia A, Phartyal SS, Phoenix GK, Pio C, Pitacco A, Pitteloud C, Plichta R, Porro F, Portillo‐Estrada M, Poulenard J, Poyatos R, Prokushkin AS, Puchalka R, Pușcaș M, Radujković D, Randall K, Ratier Backes A, Remmele S, Remmers W, Renault D, Risch AC, Rixen C, Robinson SA, Robroek BJM, Rocha AV, Rossi C, Rossi G, Roupsard O, Rubtsov AV, Saccone P, Sagot C, Sallo Bravo J, Santos CC, Sarneel JM, Scharnweber T, Schmeddes J, Schmidt M, Scholten T, Schuchardt M, Schwartz N, Scott T, Seeber J, Segalin de Andrade AC, Seipel T, Semenchuk P, Senior RA, Serra‐Diaz JM, Sewerniak P, Shekhar A, Sidenko NV, Siebicke L, Siegwart Collier L, Simpson E, Siqueira DP, Sitková Z, Six J, Smiljanic M, Smith SW, Smith‐Tripp S, Somers B, Sørensen MV, Souza JJLL, Souza BI, Souza Dias A, Spasojevic MJ, Speed JDM, Spicher F, Stanisci A, Steinbauer K, Steinbrecher R, Steinwandter M, Stemkovski M, Stephan JG, Stiegler C, Stoll S, Svátek M, Svoboda M, Tagesson T, Tanentzap AJ, Tanneberger F, Theurillat J, Thomas HJD, Thomas AD, Tielbörger K, Tomaselli M, Treier UA, Trouillier M, Turtureanu PD, Tutton R, Tyystjärvi VA, Ueyama M, Ujházy K, Ujházyová M, Uogintas D, Urban AV, Urban J, Urbaniak M, Ursu T, Vaccari FP, Van de Vondel S, van den Brink L, Van Geel M, Vandvik V, Vangansbeke P, Varlagin A, Veen GF, Veenendaal E, Venn SE, Verbeeck H, Verbrugggen E, Verheijen FGA, Villar L, Vitale L, Vittoz P, Vives‐Ingla M, von Oppen J, Walz J, Wang R, Wang Y, Way RG, Wedegärtner REM, Weigel R, Wild J, Wilkinson M, Wilmking M, Wingate L, Winkler M, Wipf S, Wohlfahrt G, Xenakis G, Yang Y, Yu Z, Yu K, Zellweger F, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhao P, Ziemblińska K, Zimmermann R, Zong S, Zyryanov VI, Nijs I, Lenoir J. Global maps of soil temperature. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3110-3144. [PMID: 34967074 PMCID: PMC9303923 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J. Lembrechts
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Johan van den Hoogen
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceInstitute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Juha Aalto
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Michael B. Ashcroft
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
- Australian MuseumSydneyAustralia
| | - Pieter De Frenne
- Forest & Nature LabDepartment of EnvironmentGhent UniversityMelle‐GontrodeBelgium
| | | | - Martin Kopecký
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
| | - Miska Luoto
- Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Ilya M. D. Maclean
- Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynUK
| | - Thomas W. Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceInstitute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Stef Haesen
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - David H. Klinges
- School of Natural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterMarylandUSA
| | - Pekka Niittynen
- Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Brett R. Scheffers
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and ConservationUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Peter Aartsma
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental HealthUniversity of South‐Eastern NorwayBøNorway
| | - Otar Abdalaze
- Alpine Ecosystems Research ProgramInstitute of EcologyIlia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Mehdi Abedi
- Department of Range ManagementFaculty of Natural Resources and Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoorIran
| | - Rien Aerts
- Department of Ecological ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Negar Ahmadian
- Department of Range ManagementFaculty of Natural Resources and Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoorIran
| | | | | | - Jake M. Alexander
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceInstitute of Integrative BiologyETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
| | - Christof Ammann
- Department of Agroecology and EnvironmentAgroscope Research InstituteZürichSwitzerland
| | - Christian Andres
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - Jonas Ardö
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Nicola Arriga
- European CommissionJoint Research Centre (JRC)IspraItaly
| | | | - Valeria Aschero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina
- Instituto Argentino de NivologiáGlaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CONICETCCT‐MendozaMendozaArgentina
| | | | - Jakob Johann Assmann
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes Under Global ChangeDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing WorldDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Maaike Y. Bader
- Ecological Plant GeographyFaculty of GeographyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Khadijeh Bahalkeh
- Department of Range ManagementFaculty of Natural Resources and Marine SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityNoorIran
| | - Peter Barančok
- Institute of Landscape Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Isabel C. Barrio
- Faculty of Environmental and Forest SciencesAgricultural University of IcelandReykjavíkIceland
| | - Agustina Barros
- Instituto Argentino de NivologiáGlaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CONICETCCT‐MendozaMendozaArgentina
| | - Matti Barthel
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Edmund W. Basham
- School of Natural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Marijn Bauters
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory ‐ ISOFYSGhent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Manuele Bazzichetto
- Université de RennesCNRSEcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) ‐ UMR 6553RennesFrance
| | - Luca Belelli Marchesini
- Department of Sustainable Agro‐ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all’AdigeItaly
| | | | | | | | - Bernd J. Berauer
- Institute of Landscape and Plant EcologyDepartment of Plant EcologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
- Disturbance EcologyBayCEERUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Jarle W. Bjerke
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchFRAM ‐ High North Research Centre for Climate and the EnvironmentTromsøNorway
| | - Robert G. Björk
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
| | - Mats P. Björkman
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
| | - Katrin Björnsdóttir
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Benjamin Blonder
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory ‐ ISOFYSGhent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Julia Boike
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine ResearchTelegrafenberg A45PotsdamGermany
- Geography DepartmentHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinGermany
| | - Stef Bokhorst
- Department of Ecological ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bárbara N. S. Brum
- Pós‐Graduação em Ciências de Florestas TropicaisInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrasil
| | - Josef Brůna
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Pauline Buysse
- UMR ECOSYS INRAEUinversité Paris SaclayAgroParisTechFrance
| | - José Luís Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments ProjectBDFFPInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrazil
| | - Otávio C. Campoe
- Department of Forest SciencesFederal University of LavrasLavrasBrazil
| | - Onur Candan
- Faculty of Arts and SciencesDepartment of Molecular Biology and GeneticsOrdu UniversityOrduTurkey
| | - Rafaella Canessa
- Ecological Plant GeographyFaculty of GeographyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Plant Ecology GroupDepartment of Evolution and EcologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Nicoletta Cannone
- Department of Science and High TechnologyInsubria UniversityComoItaly
| | - Michele Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Jofre Carnicer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental SciencesBiodiversity Research Institute (IRBio)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- CREAFE08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès)Spain
| | - Angélica Casanova‐Katny
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Vegetal y Cambio ClimáticoLaboratorio de Ecofisiología Vegetal y Cambio ClimáticoDepartamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Salud PúblicaUniversidad Católica de TemucoCampus Luis Rivas del Canto and Núcleo de Estudios Ambientales (NEA)Facultad de Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Católica de TemucoTemucoChile
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Bogdan Chojnicki
- Laboratory of BioclimatologyDepartment of Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Philippe Choler
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLTSER Zone Atelier AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Steven L. Chown
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental FutureSchool of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Edgar F. Cifuentes
- Forest Ecology and Conservation GroupDepartment of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Marek Čiliak
- Faculty of Ecology and Environmental SciencesTechnical University in ZvolenZvolenSlovakia
| | - Tamara Contador
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)University Austral of ChileValdiviaChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Puerto WilliamsChile
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic SurveyNERC, High CrossCambridgeUK
| | - Elisabeth J. Cooper
- Department of Arctic and Marine BiologyFaculty of Biosciences Fisheries and EconomicsUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Edoardo Cremonese
- Climate Change UnitEnvironmental Protection Agency of Aosta ValleyItaly
| | - Salvatore R. Curasi
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndianaUSA
| | - Robin Curtis
- Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynUK
| | | | - C. Johan Dahlberg
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- The County Administrative Board of Västra GötalandGothenburgSweden
| | | | | | | | - Jürgen Dengler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Vegetation EcologyInstitute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR)ZHAW Zurich University of Applied SciencesWädenswilSwitzerland
- Plant EcologyBayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER)University of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | | | | | - Valter Di Cecco
- Majella Seed BankMajella National ParkColle MadonnaLama dei PeligniItaly
| | - Michele Di Musciano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Jan Dick
- UK Centre for Ecology and HydrologyPenicuikUK
| | - Romina D. Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de InsectosIFAB (INTA ‐ CONICET)BarilocheArgentina
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Jiri Dolezal
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Faculty of ScienceDepartment of BotanyUniversity of South BohemiaČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Ellen Dorrepaal
- Climate Impacts Research CentreDepartment of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityAbiskoSweden
| | - Jiří Dušek
- Global Change Research InstituteAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCzech Republic
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Lars Eklundh
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings ParkAustralia
| | - Brigitta Erschbamer
- Department of BotanyFaculty of BiologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Werner Eugster
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Nicolas Fanin
- INRAEBordeaux Sciences AgroUMR 1391 ISPAVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Fatih Fazlioglu
- Faculty of Arts and SciencesDepartment of Molecular Biology and GeneticsOrdu UniversityOrduTurkey
| | - Iris Feigenwinter
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | | | | | - Manfred Finckh
- Institute for Plant Science and MicrobiologyUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | | | - T'ai G. W. Forte
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Erika C. Freeman
- Ecosystems and Global Change GroupDepartment of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Esther R. Frei
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavos DorfSwitzerland
- Climate Change, Extremes and Natural Hazards in Alpine Regions Research Center CERCDavos DorfSwitzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Eduardo Fuentes‐Lillo
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- School of Education and Social SciencesAdventist University of ChileChile
| | - Rafael A. García
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB)SantiagoChile
| | | | - Charly Géron
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
- Biodiversity and LandscapeTERRA Research CentreGembloux Agro‐Bio TechUniversity of LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Mana Gharun
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Dany Ghosn
- Department of Geo‐information in Environmental ManagementMediterranean Agronomic Institute of ChaniaChaniaGreece
| | - Khatuna Gigauri
- Department of Environmental Management and PolicyGeorgian Institute of Public AffairsTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Anne Gobin
- Flemish Institute for Technological ResearchMolBelgium
- Department of Earth and Environmental ScienceFaculty of BioScience EngineeringKULeuvenBelgium
| | - Ignacio Goded
- European CommissionJoint Research Centre (JRC)IspraItaly
| | - Mathias Goeckede
- Department of Biogeochemical SignalsMax Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryJenaGermany
| | - Felix Gottschall
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Keith Goulding
- Sustainable Agricultural Sciences DepartmentRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Sanne Govaert
- Forest & Nature LabDepartment of EnvironmentGhent UniversityMelle‐GontrodeBelgium
| | - Bente Jessen Graae
- Department of BiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Sarah Greenwood
- Biodiversity, Wildlife and Ecosystem HealthBiomedical SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Caroline Greiser
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Achim Grelle
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Benoit Guénard
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Mauro Guglielmin
- Department of Theoretical and Applied SciencesInsubria UniversityVareseItaly
| | - Joannès Guillemot
- CIRAD, UMR Eco&SolsMontpellierFrance
- Eco&SolsUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEIRDMontpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany
- Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Sylvia Haider
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Aud H. Halbritter
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Maroof Hamid
- Centre for Biodiversity and TaxonomyDepartment of BotanyUniversity of KashmirSrinagarIndia
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | | | - Siri V. Haugum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- The Heathland CentreAlverNorway
| | - Lucia Hederová
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | - Bernard Heinesch
- TERRA Teaching and Research CenterFaculty of Gembloux Agro‐Bio TechUniversity of LiegeGemblouxBelgium
| | | | - Daniel Hepenstrick
- Vegetation EcologyInstitute of Natural Resource SciencesZHAW Zurich University of Applied SciencesGrüentalSwitzerland
| | - Maximiliane Herberich
- Institute for BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU)ViennaAustria
| | - Mathias Herbst
- Centre for Agrometeorological Research (ZAMF)German Meteorological Service (DWD)BraunschweigGermany
| | - Luise Hermanutz
- Dept of BiologyMemorial UniversitySt. John'sNewfoundlandCanada
| | - David S. Hik
- Department of Biological SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Raúl Hoffrén
- Department of GeographyUniversity of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Faculty of Resource ManagementHAWK University of Applied Sciences and ArtsGöttingenGermany
- Plant EcologyAlbrecht‐von‐Haller‐Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg‐August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Lukas Hörtnagl
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Toke T. Høye
- Department of Ecoscience and Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityRøndeDenmark
| | - Filip Hrbacek
- Department of GeographyFaculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Kristoffer Hylander
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Hiroki Iwata
- Department of Environmental ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan
| | - Marcin Antoni Jackowicz‐Korczynski
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
- Department of Ecoscience and Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
| | | | - Järvi Järveoja
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Szymon Jastrzębowski
- Department of Silviculture and Forest Tree GeneticsForest Research InstituteRaszynPoland
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Disturbance EcologyBayCEERUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental ResearchBayreuthGermany
| | - Juan J. Jiménez
- ARAID/IPE‐CSICPyrenean Institute of EcologyAvda. Llano de la VictoriaSpain
| | | | - Tommaso Jucker
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Alistair S. Jump
- Biological and Environmental SciencesFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingScotland
| | - Radoslaw Juszczak
- Laboratory of BioclimatologyDepartment of Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Róbert Kanka
- Institute of Landscape Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Vít Kašpar
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
| | - George Kazakis
- Department of Geo‐information in Environmental ManagementMediterranean Agronomic Institute of ChaniaChaniaGreece
| | - Julia Kelly
- Centre for Environmental and Climate ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Anzar A. Khuroo
- Centre for Biodiversity and TaxonomyDepartment of BotanyUniversity of KashmirSrinagarIndia
| | - Leif Klemedtsson
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Marcin Klisz
- Department of Silviculture and Forest Tree GeneticsForest Research InstituteRaszynPoland
| | - Natascha Kljun
- Centre for Environmental and Climate ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | | | | | - Jozef Kollár
- Institute of Landscape Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Martyna M. Kotowska
- Plant EcologyAlbrecht‐von‐Haller‐Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg‐August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Bence Kovács
- Centre for Ecological ResearchInstitute of Ecology and BotanyVácrátótHungary
| | - Juergen Kreyling
- Experimental Plant EcologyInstitute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity of GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Andrea Lamprecht
- GLORIA CoordinationInstitute for Interdisciplinary Mountain ResearchAustrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Simone I. Lang
- Department of Arctic BiologyThe University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS)Longyearbyen, SvalbardNorway
| | - Christian Larson
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | - Keith Larson
- Climate Impacts Research CentreDepartment of Ecology and Environmental SciencesUmeå UniversityAbiskoSweden
| | - Kamil Laska
- Department of GeographyFaculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- Centre for Polar EcologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of South BohemiaČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Guerric le Maire
- CIRAD, UMR Eco&SolsMontpellierFrance
- Eco&SolsUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEIRDMontpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Rachel I. Leihy
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Luc Lens
- Terrestrial Ecology UnitDepartment of BiologyGhent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Bengt Liljebladh
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Annalea Lohila
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteClimate System ResearchHelsinkiFinland
- INAR Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Juan Lorite
- Department of BotanyUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Interuniversity Institute for Earth System ResearchUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | | | - Joshua Lynn
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Martin Macek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | - Roy Mackenzie
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)University Austral of ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Enzo Magliulo
- CNR Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Systems in the MediterraneanPortici (Napoli)Italy
| | - Regine Maier
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Francesco Malfasi
- Department of Science and High TechnologyInsubria UniversityComoItaly
| | - František Máliš
- Faculty of ForestryTechnical University in ZvolenZvolenSlovakia
| | - Matěj Man
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
| | - Giovanni Manca
- European CommissionJoint Research Centre (JRC)IspraItaly
| | - Antonio Manco
- CNR Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Systems in the MediterraneanPortici (Napoli)Italy
| | - Tanguy Manise
- TERRA Teaching and Research CenterFaculty of Gembloux Agro‐Bio TechUniversity of LiegeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Paraskevi Manolaki
- School of Pure & Applied SciencesEnvironmental Conservation and Management ProgrammeOpen University of CyprusLatsiaCyprus
- Department of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced StudiesAIAS Høegh‐Guldbergs Gade 6BAarhusDenmark
| | - Felipe Marciniak
- Pós‐Graduação em Ciências de Florestas TropicaisInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrasil
| | - Radim Matula
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Ana Clara Mazzolari
- Instituto Argentino de NivologiáGlaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CONICETCCT‐MendozaMendozaArgentina
| | - Sergiy Medinets
- Regional Centre for Integrated Environmental MonitoringOdesa National I.I. Mechnikov UniversityOdesaUkraine
- Department of AgroecologyAarhus UniversityTjeleDenmark
- NGO New EnergyKharkivUkraine
| | - Volodymyr Medinets
- Regional Centre for Integrated Environmental MonitoringOdesa National I.I. Mechnikov UniversityOdesaUkraine
| | - Camille Meeussen
- Forest & Nature LabDepartment of EnvironmentGhent UniversityMelle‐GontrodeBelgium
| | - Sonia Merinero
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Rita de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments ProjectCoordenação de Dinâmica AmbientalInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrazil
| | - Katrin Meusburger
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)BirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | | | - Sean T. Michaletz
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ann Milbau
- Department of EnvironmentProvince of AntwerpAntwerpenBelgium
| | - Dmitry Moiseev
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of Ural Division of Russian Academy of ScienceEkaterinburgRussia
| | - Pavel Moiseev
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of Ural Division of Russian Academy of ScienceEkaterinburgRussia
| | - Andrea Mondoni
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | | | | | - Mikel Moriana‐Armendariz
- Department of Arctic and Marine BiologyFaculty of Biosciences Fisheries and EconomicsUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Umberto Morra di Cella
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta ValleySaint‐ChristopheItaly
| | | | - Jonathan R. Mosedale
- Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenryn CampusCornwallUK
| | - Lena Muffler
- Plant EcologyAlbrecht‐von‐Haller‐Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg‐August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Miriam Muñoz‐Rojas
- Centre for Ecosystem ScienceSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain
| | - Jonathan A. Myers
- Department of BiologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | - Laszlo Nagy
- Department of Animal BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of CampinasCampinasBrazil
| | | | - Ilona Naujokaitis‐Lewis
- National Wildlife Research CentreEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Emily Newling
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - Lena Nicklas
- Department of BotanyFaculty of BiologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Georg Niedrist
- Institute for Alpine EnvironmentEurac ResearchBozen/BolzanoItaly
| | - Armin Niessner
- Institute of BiologyDepartment of Molecular BotanyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Mats B. Nilsson
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Signe Normand
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes Under Global ChangeDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing WorldDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Marcelo D. Nosetto
- Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San LuisIMASL, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de San LuisSan LuisArgentina
- Cátedra de Climatología Agrícola (FCA‐UNER)Entre RíosArgentina
| | - Yann Nouvellon
- CIRAD, UMR Eco&SolsMontpellierFrance
- Eco&SolsUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEIRDMontpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
- Grupo de Ecología de InvasionesINIBIOMACONICET/ Universidad Nacional del ComahueBarilocheArgentina
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CSICGlobal Ecology Unit CREAF‐ CSIC‐UABBellaterraSpain
- CREAFSpain
| | - Jérôme Ogée
- INRAEBordeaux Sciences AgroUMR 1391 ISPAVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Joseph Okello
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory ‐ ISOFYSGhent UniversityGentBelgium
- Mountains of the Moon UniversityFort PortalUganda
- National Agricultural Research OrganisationMbarara Zonal Agricultural Research and Development InstituteMbararaUganda
| | - Janusz Olejnik
- Laboratory of MeteorologyDepartment of Construction and GeoengineeringFaculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical EngineeringPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | | | | | - Simone Orsenigo
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Andrej Palaj
- Institute of Landscape Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Timo Pampuch
- Institute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | | | - Meelis Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Ada Pastor
- Department of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB)Facultad de Ciencias ForestalesUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB)SantiagoChile
| | - Harald Pauli
- GLORIA CoordinationInstitute for Interdisciplinary Mountain ResearchAustrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Marian Pavelka
- Global Change Research InstituteAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCzech Republic
| | - William D. Pearse
- Department of Biology and Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA
- Department of Life SciencesImperial CollegeAscot, BerkshireUK
| | - Matthias Peichl
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape EcologyInstitute of Terrestrial EcosystemsDepartment of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Unit of Land Change ScienceSwiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | | | - Josep Penuelas
- CSICGlobal Ecology Unit CREAF‐ CSIC‐UABBellaterraSpain
- CREAFSpain
| | - Matteo Petit Bon
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Department of Arctic and Marine BiologyFaculty of Biosciences Fisheries and EconomicsUiT‐The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
- Department of Arctic BiologyThe University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS)Longyearbyen, SvalbardNorway
| | - Alessandro Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Shyam S. Phartyal
- School of Ecology and Environment StudiesNalanda UniversityRajgirIndia
| | | | - Casimiro Pio
- CESAM & Department of EnvironmentUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal
| | - Andrea Pitacco
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resourcesAnimals and Environment ‐ University of PaduaLegnaroItaly
| | - Camille Pitteloud
- Landscape EcologyInstitute of Terrestrial EcosystemsDepartment of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Unit of Land Change ScienceSwiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Roman Plichta
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Francesco Porro
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | | | - Jérôme Poulenard
- Univ. Savoie Mont BlancCNRSUniv. Grenoble AlpesEDYTEMChambéryFrance
| | - Rafael Poyatos
- CREAFE08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès)Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anatoly S. Prokushkin
- Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RASKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Radoslaw Puchalka
- Department of Ecology and BiogeographyFaculty of Biological and Veterinary SciencesNicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruńPoland
- Centre for Climate Change ResearchNicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruńPoland
| | - Mihai Pușcaș
- A. Borza Botanic GardenBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Faculty of Biology and GeologyDepartment of Taxonomy and EcologyBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
- E. G. Racoviță InstituteBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Dajana Radujković
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Krystal Randall
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Amanda Ratier Backes
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Sabine Remmele
- Institute of BiologyDepartment of Molecular BotanyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Wolfram Remmers
- University of Applied Sciences TrierEnvironmental Campus BirkenfeldBirkenfeldGermany
| | - David Renault
- Université de RennesCNRSEcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) ‐ UMR 6553RennesFrance
- Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
| | - Anita C. Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Christian Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavos DorfSwitzerland
- Climate Change, Extremes and Natural Hazards in Alpine Regions Research Center CERCDavos DorfSwitzerland
| | - Sharon A. Robinson
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Bjorn J. M. Robroek
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Environmental and Biological SciencesRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Adrian V. Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Environmental Change InitiativeUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndianaUSA
| | - Christian Rossi
- Swiss National ParkChastè Planta‐WildenbergZernezSwitzerland
- Remote Sensing LaboratoriesDepartment of GeographyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Graziano Rossi
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Olivier Roupsard
- CIRADUMR Eco&SolsDakarSenegal
- Eco&SolsUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAE, IRDInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
- LMI IESOLCentre IRD‐ISRA de Bel AirDakarSenegal
| | | | - Patrick Saccone
- GLORIA CoordinationInstitute for Interdisciplinary Mountain ResearchAustrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | - Jhonatan Sallo Bravo
- Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del CuscoCuscoPerú
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Wilhelm L. JohannsenCuscoPerú
| | - Cinthya C. Santos
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, PDBFFInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrazil
| | - Judith M. Sarneel
- Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Tobias Scharnweber
- Institute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Jonas Schmeddes
- Experimental Plant EcologyInstitute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity of GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Marius Schmidt
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences (IBG‐3): AgrosphereForschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülichGermany
| | - Thomas Scholten
- Chair of Soil Science and GeomorphologyDepartment of GeosciencesUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Max Schuchardt
- Disturbance EcologyBayCEERUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Naomi Schwartz
- Department of GeographyThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Tony Scott
- Sustainable Agricultural Sciences DepartmentRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Julia Seeber
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Institute for Alpine EnvironmentEurac ResearchBozen/BolzanoItaly
| | | | - Tim Seipel
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | | | - Rebecca A. Senior
- Princeton School of Public and International AffairsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Piotr Sewerniak
- Department of Soil Science and Landscape ManagementFaculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial ManagementNicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruńPoland
| | - Ankit Shekhar
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Laura Siegwart Collier
- Dept of BiologyMemorial UniversitySt. John'sNewfoundlandCanada
- Terra Nova National ParkParks Canada AgencyGlovertownNewfoundlandCanada
| | - Elizabeth Simpson
- Department of Biology and Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA
| | - David P. Siqueira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Zuzana Sitková
- National Forest CentreForest Research Institute ZvolenZvolenSlovakia
| | - Johan Six
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Marko Smiljanic
- Institute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Stuart W. Smith
- Department of BiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Department of Physical GeographyStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Sarah Smith‐Tripp
- Department of GeographyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ben Somers
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLeuvenBelgium
| | - Mia Vedel Sørensen
- Department of BiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | | | - Bartolomeu Israel Souza
- Departamento de Geociências. Cidade UniversitáriaUniversidade Federal da ParaíbaJoão Pessoa ‐ PBBrasil
| | - Arildo Souza Dias
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, PDBFFInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazôniaManausBrazil
- Department of Physical GeographyGoethe‐Universität FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Marko J. Spasojevic
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal BiologyUniversity of California RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - James D. M. Speed
- Department of Natural HistoryNTNU University MuseumNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Fabien Spicher
- UMR 7058 CNRS ‘Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés’ (EDYSAN)Univ. de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Angela Stanisci
- EnvixLabDipartimento di Bioscienze e TerritorioUniversità degli Studi del MoliseTermoliItaly
| | - Klaus Steinbauer
- GLORIA CoordinationInstitute for Interdisciplinary Mountain ResearchAustrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Rainer Steinbrecher
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK)Department of Atmospheric Environmental Research (IFU)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Garmisch‐PartenkirchenGermany
| | | | - Michael Stemkovski
- Department of Biology and Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA
| | - Jörg G. Stephan
- Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSLU Swedish Species Information CentreUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences TrierEnvironmental Campus BirkenfeldBirkenfeldGermany
- Faculty for BiologyUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Martin Svátek
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
| | - Torbern Tagesson
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource ManagementUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Andrew J. Tanentzap
- Ecosystems and Global Change GroupDepartment of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Franziska Tanneberger
- Experimental Plant EcologyInstitute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity of Greifswald, partner in the Greifswald Mire CentreGreifswaldGermany
| | - Jean‐Paul Theurillat
- Foundation J.‐M. AubertChampex‐LacSwitzerland
- Département de Botanique et Biologie végétaleUniversité de GenèveChambésySwitzerland
| | | | - Andrew D. Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth SciencesAberystwyth UniversityWalesUK
| | - Katja Tielbörger
- Plant Ecology GroupDepartment of Evolution and EcologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Marcello Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Urs Albert Treier
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes Under Global ChangeDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing WorldDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Mario Trouillier
- Institute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Pavel Dan Turtureanu
- A. Borza Botanic GardenBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
- E. G. Racoviță InstituteBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Center for Systematic Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources ‐ 3BBabeș‐Bolyai UniversityCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Rosamond Tutton
- Northern Environmental Geoscience LaboratoryDepartment of Geography and PlanningQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Vilna A. Tyystjärvi
- Department of Geosciences and GeographyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
- Finnish Meteorological InstHelsinkiFinland
| | - Masahito Ueyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesOsaka Prefecture UniversityJapan
| | - Karol Ujházy
- Faculty of ForestryTechnical University in ZvolenZvolenSlovakia
| | - Mariana Ujházyová
- Faculty of Ecology and Environmental SciencesTechnical University in ZvolenZvolenSlovakia
| | | | - Anastasiya V. Urban
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RASKrasnoyarskRussia
| | - Josef Urban
- Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarskRussia
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Marek Urbaniak
- Laboratory of MeteorologyDepartment of Construction and GeoengineeringFaculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical EngineeringPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Tudor‐Mihai Ursu
- Institute of Biological Research Cluj‐NapocaNational Institute of Research and Development for Biological SciencesBucharestRomania
| | | | - Stijn Van de Vondel
- The Ecosystem Management Research Group (ECOBE)University of AntwerpWilrijk (Antwerpen)Belgium
| | - Liesbeth van den Brink
- Plant Ecology GroupDepartment of Evolution and EcologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Maarten Van Geel
- Plant Conservation and Population BiologyDepartment of BiologyKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Pieter Vangansbeke
- Forest & Nature LabDepartment of EnvironmentGhent UniversityMelle‐GontrodeBelgium
| | - Andrej Varlagin
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and EvolutionRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - G. F. Veen
- Netherlands Institute of EcologyWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Elmar Veenendaal
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Susanna E. Venn
- Centre for Integrative EcologySchool of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- CAVElab ‐ Computational and Applied Vegetation EcologyDepartment of EnvironmentGhent UniversityGentBelgium
| | - Erik Verbrugggen
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Frank G. A. Verheijen
- Earth Surface Processes TeamCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM)Department of Environment and PlanningUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal
| | - Luis Villar
- Instituto Pirenaico de EcologíaIPE‐CSIC. Av. Llano de la VictoriaJaca (Huesca)Spain
| | - Luca Vitale
- CNR ‐ Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Systems in the MediterraneanPorticiItaly
| | - Pascal Vittoz
- Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsFaculty of Geosciences and EnvironmentUniversity of LausanneGéopolisSwitzerland
| | | | - Jonathan von Oppen
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes Under Global ChangeDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing WorldDepartment of BiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Josefine Walz
- Climate Impacts Research CentreDepartment of Ecology and Environmental SciencesUmeå UniversityAbiskoSweden
| | - Runxi Wang
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Northern Environmental Geoscience LaboratoryDepartment of Geography and PlanningQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Robert G. Way
- Northern Environmental Geoscience LaboratoryDepartment of Geography and PlanningQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Robert Weigel
- Plant EcologyAlbrecht‐von‐Haller‐Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg‐August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Jan Wild
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 6 ‐ SuchdolCzech Republic
| | | | - Martin Wilmking
- Institute of Botany and Landscape EcologyUniversity GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Lisa Wingate
- INRAEBordeaux Sciences AgroUMR 1391 ISPAVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Manuela Winkler
- GLORIA CoordinationInstitute for Interdisciplinary Mountain ResearchAustrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Sonja Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLFDavos DorfSwitzerland
- Swiss National ParkChastè Planta‐WildenbergZernezSwitzerland
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | | | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengduP.R. China
| | - Zicheng Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai MountainsSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kailiang Yu
- High Meadows Environmental InstitutePrinceton UniversityNew JerseyUSA
| | - Florian Zellweger
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Jian Zhang
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhaochen Zhang
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Klaudia Ziemblińska
- Laboratory of MeteorologyDepartment of Construction and GeoengineeringFaculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical EngineeringPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Reiner Zimmermann
- Institute of BiologyDepartment of Molecular BotanyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
- Ecological‐Botanical GardensUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Shengwei Zong
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai MountainsMinistry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | | | - Ivan Nijs
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- UMR 7058 CNRS ‘Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés’ (EDYSAN)Univ. de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
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21
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Pilotto F, Haubrock PJ, Sundermann A, Lorenz AW, Haase P. Decline in niche specialization and trait β-diversity in benthic invertebrate communities of Central European low-mountain streams over 25 years. Sci Total Environ 2022; 810:151770. [PMID: 34801496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotic homogenization is one of the key aspects of the current biodiversity crisis. Here we analyzed the trends of three facets of niche homogenization, i.e. niche specialization, trait α-diversity and spatial β-diversity, over a period of 25 years (1990-2014) using a large dataset of 3782 stream benthic invertebrate samples collected from central European low-mountain streams. We studied a set of traits describing the ecological niche of species and their functions: body size, feeding groups, substrate preferences, flow preferences, stream zonation preferences and saprobity. Trait composition changed significantly during the study period, and we identified an overall increase in niche homogenization. Specifically, community niche specialization significantly decreased by 20.3% over the 25-year period, with declines ranging from -16.0 to -40.9% for zonation-, flow-, substrate-preferences, body size and feeding traits. Trait diversity did not change significantly, although we recorded significant decreases by -14.2% and -10.2% for flow- and substrate-preference and increases by 5.8% and 22.6% for feeding traits and zonation preference over the study period. Trait spatial β-diversity significantly decreased by -53.0%, with substrate-preference, feeding groups and flow-preference traits declining from -61.9% to -75.3% over the study period. This increased niche homogenization is likely driven by the increase of down-stream typical taxa, which are favored by warming temperatures. Further, it is in apparent contradiction with the recorded increase in abundance (+35.9%) and taxonomic richness (+39.2%) over the same period. Even such increases do not safeguard communities from undergoing niche homogenization, indicating that recovery processes may differ with regard to community taxonomic composition and traits. Our results emphasize the complexity of community responses to global change and warrant caution when founding conclusions based solely on single community metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Biblioteksgränd 3, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Sundermann
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Biology, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Department Aquatic Ecology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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22
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Maasri A, Jähnig SC, Adamescu MC, Adrian R, Baigun C, Baird DJ, Batista‐Morales A, Bonada N, Brown LE, Cai Q, Campos‐Silva JV, Clausnitzer V, Contreras‐MacBeath T, Cooke SJ, Datry T, Delacámara G, De Meester L, Dijkstra KB, Do VT, Domisch S, Dudgeon D, Erös T, Freitag H, Freyhof J, Friedrich J, Friedrichs‐Manthey M, Geist J, Gessner MO, Goethals P, Gollock M, Gordon C, Grossart H, Gulemvuga G, Gutiérrez‐Fonseca PE, Haase P, Hering D, Hahn HJ, Hawkins CP, He F, Heino J, Hermoso V, Hogan Z, Hölker F, Jeschke JM, Jiang M, Johnson RK, Kalinkat G, Karimov BK, Kasangaki A, Kimirei IA, Kohlmann B, Kuemmerlen M, Kuiper JJ, Kupilas B, Langhans SD, Lansdown R, Leese F, Magbanua FS, Matsuzaki SS, Monaghan MT, Mumladze L, Muzon J, Mvogo Ndongo PA, Nejstgaard JC, Nikitina O, Ochs C, Odume O, Opperman JJ, Patricio H, Pauls S, Raghavan R, Ramírez A, Rashni B, Ross‐Gillespie V, Samways MJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt‐Kloiber A, Seehausen O, Shah DN, Sharma S, Soininen J, Sommerwerk N, Stockwell JD, Suhling F, Tachamo Shah RD, Tharme RE, Thorp JH, Tickner D, Tockner K, Tonkin JD, Valle M, Vitule J, Volk M, Wang D, Wolter C, Worischka S. Cover Image. Ecol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Maasri A, Jähnig SC, Adamescu MC, Adrian R, Baigun C, Baird DJ, Batista-Morales A, Bonada N, Brown LE, Cai Q, Campos-Silva JV, Clausnitzer V, Contreras-MacBeath T, Cooke SJ, Datry T, Delacámara G, De Meester L, Dijkstra KDB, Do VT, Domisch S, Dudgeon D, Erös T, Freitag H, Freyhof J, Friedrich J, Friedrichs-Manthey M, Geist J, Gessner MO, Goethals P, Gollock M, Gordon C, Grossart HP, Gulemvuga G, Gutiérrez-Fonseca PE, Haase P, Hering D, Hahn HJ, Hawkins CP, He F, Heino J, Hermoso V, Hogan Z, Hölker F, Jeschke JM, Jiang M, Johnson RK, Kalinkat G, Karimov BK, Kasangaki A, Kimirei IA, Kohlmann B, Kuemmerlen M, Kuiper JJ, Kupilas B, Langhans SD, Lansdown R, Leese F, Magbanua FS, Matsuzaki SIS, Monaghan MT, Mumladze L, Muzon J, Mvogo Ndongo PA, Nejstgaard JC, Nikitina O, Ochs C, Odume ON, Opperman JJ, Patricio H, Pauls SU, Raghavan R, Ramírez A, Rashni B, Ross-Gillespie V, Samways MJ, Schäfer RB, Schmidt-Kloiber A, Seehausen O, Shah DN, Sharma S, Soininen J, Sommerwerk N, Stockwell JD, Suhling F, Tachamo Shah RD, Tharme RE, Thorp JH, Tickner D, Tockner K, Tonkin JD, Valle M, Vitule J, Volk M, Wang D, Wolter C, Worischka S. A global agenda for advancing freshwater biodiversity research. Ecol Lett 2021; 25:255-263. [PMID: 34854211 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global freshwater biodiversity is declining dramatically, and meeting the challenges of this crisis requires bold goals and the mobilisation of substantial resources. While the reasons are varied, investments in both research and conservation of freshwater biodiversity lag far behind those in the terrestrial and marine realms. Inspired by a global consultation, we identify 15 pressing priority needs, grouped into five research areas, in an effort to support informed stewardship of freshwater biodiversity. The proposed agenda aims to advance freshwater biodiversity research globally as a critical step in improving coordinated actions towards its sustainable management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Maasri
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihai C Adamescu
- Research Center in Systems Ecology and Sustainability, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudio Baigun
- Universidad Nacional de San Martin, San Martin, Argentina
| | - Donald J Baird
- Environment & Climate Change Canada/University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Núria Bonada
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee E Brown
- School of Geography & water@leeds, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Qinghua Cai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Viola Clausnitzer
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc De Meester
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Van Tu Do
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Sami Domisch
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tibor Erös
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | | | - Joerg Freyhof
- Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Martin Friedrichs-Manthey
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mark O Gessner
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Technology, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Georges Gulemvuga
- International Commission for Congo-Ubangui-Sangha Basin, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | | | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Hans Jürgen Hahn
- University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz and Landau, Germany.,Institute for Groundwater Ecology IGÖ GmbH, Landau, Germany
| | | | - Fengzhi He
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | - Virgilio Hermoso
- Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya, Solsona, Spain
| | - Zeb Hogan
- University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Jeschke
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Meilan Jiang
- Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Gregor Kalinkat
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bakhtiyor K Karimov
- Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Jan J Kuiper
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Kupilas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.,University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone D Langhans
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Leioa, Spain.,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael T Monaghan
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Levan Mumladze
- Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tiblis, Georgia
| | - Javier Muzon
- Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda, Avellaneda, Argentina
| | | | - Jens C Nejstgaard
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Clifford Ochs
- University of Mississippi, University Park, Mississippi, USA
| | | | | | | | - Steffen U Pauls
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Rajeev Raghavan
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India
| | - Alonso Ramírez
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bindiya Rashni
- Institute of Applied Science, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | | | | | - Ralf B Schäfer
- University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz and Landau, Germany
| | | | - Ole Seehausen
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Nike Sommerwerk
- Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Frank Suhling
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Klement Tockner
- Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mireia Valle
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.,AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Jean Vitule
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Martin Volk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ding Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Christian Wolter
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Baker NJ, Pilotto F, Haubrock PJ, Beudert B, Haase P. Multidecadal changes in functional diversity lag behind the recovery of taxonomic diversity. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17471-17484. [PMID: 34938522 PMCID: PMC8668763 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While there has been increasing interest in how taxonomic diversity is changing over time, less is known about how long-term taxonomic changes may affect ecosystem functioning and resilience. Exploring long-term patterns of functional diversity can provide key insights into the capacity of a community to carry out ecological processes and the redundancy of species' roles. We focus on a protected freshwater system located in a national park in southeast Germany. We use a high-resolution benthic macroinvertebrate dataset spanning 32 years (1983-2014) and test whether changes in functional diversity are reflected in taxonomic diversity using a multidimensional trait-based approach and regression analyses. Specifically, we asked: (i) How has functional diversity changed over time? (ii) How functionally distinct are the community's taxa? (iii) Are changes in functional diversity concurrent with taxonomic diversity? And (iv) what is the extent of community functional redundancy? Resultant from acidification mitigation, macroinvertebrate taxonomic diversity increased over the study period. Recovery of functional diversity was less pronounced, lagging behind responses of taxonomic diversity. Over multidecadal timescales, the macroinvertebrate community has become more homogenous with a high degree of functional redundancy, despite being isolated from direct anthropogenic activity. While taxonomic diversity increased over time, functional diversity has yet to catch up. These results demonstrate that anthropogenic pressures can remain a threat to biotic communities even in protected areas. The differences in taxonomic and functional recovery processes highlight the need to incorporate functional traits in assessments of biodiversity responses to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Jay Baker
- Department of River Ecology and ConservationSenckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious StudiesEnvironmental Archaeology LabUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Phillip Joschka Haubrock
- Department of River Ecology and ConservationSenckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
| | - Burkhard Beudert
- Department of Conservation and ResearchBavarian Forest National ParkGrafenauGermany
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and ConservationSenckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany
- Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
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25
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Perino A, Pereira HM, Felipe‐Lucia M, Kim H, Kühl HS, Marselle MR, Meya JN, Meyer C, Navarro LM, van Klink R, Albert G, Barratt CD, Bruelheide H, Cao Y, Chamoin A, Darbi M, Dornelas M, Eisenhauer N, Essl F, Farwig N, Förster J, Freyhof J, Geschke J, Gottschall F, Guerra C, Haase P, Hickler T, Jacob U, Kastner T, Korell L, Kühn I, Lehmann GUC, Lenzner B, Marques A, Motivans Švara E, Quintero LC, Pacheco A, Popp A, Rouet‐Leduc J, Schnabel F, Siebert J, Staude IR, Trogisch S, Švara V, Svenning J, Pe'er G, Raab K, Rakosy D, Vandewalle M, Werner AS, Wirth C, Xu H, Yu D, Zinngrebe Y, Bonn A. Biodiversity post‐2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national‐level implementation. Conserv Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perino
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Henrique M. Pereira
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas Vairão Portugal
| | - Maria Felipe‐Lucia
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
| | - HyeJin Kim
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Hjalmar S. Kühl
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany
| | - Melissa R. Marselle
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
- School of Psychology University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK
| | - Jasper N. Meya
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Economics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Carsten Meyer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Geosciences and Geography Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Laetitia M. Navarro
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Roel van Klink
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Georg Albert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
| | - Christopher D. Barratt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Yun Cao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China Nanjing China
| | - Ariane Chamoin
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
| | - Marianne Darbi
- Institut für Landschaftsplanung und Naturschutz Geisenheim Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ
| | - Maria Dornelas
- Centre for Biological Diversity University of St Andrews St Andrews Scotland
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Franz Essl
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology‐Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Rennweg 14 Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Nina Farwig
- Conservation Ecology, Department of Biology University of Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Johannes Förster
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Environmental Politics Leipzig Germany
| | - Jörg Freyhof
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
| | - Jonas Geschke
- Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Felix Gottschall
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Carlos Guerra
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Gelnhausen Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Thomas Hickler
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Department of Physical Geography at Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ute Jacob
- Helmholtz Institute for Marine Functional Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Thomas Kastner
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Lotte Korell
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Community Ecology Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Ingolf Kühn
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Community Ecology Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Gerlind U. C. Lehmann
- Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Biology Humboldt University Berlin Berlin Germany
- DINA (Diversity of Insects in Nature protected Areas), National Headquarter Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) Berlin Germany
| | - Bernd Lenzner
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology‐Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Rennweg 14 Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Alexandra Marques
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency The Hague The Netherlands
| | - Elena Motivans Švara
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Community Ecology Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Laura C. Quintero
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Andrea Pacheco
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Alexander Popp
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Member of the Leibniz Association Potsdam Germany
| | - Julia Rouet‐Leduc
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Florian Schnabel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Julia Siebert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Ingmar R. Staude
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Stefan Trogisch
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Vid Švara
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Effect‑Directed Analysis Leipzig Germany
| | - Jens‐Christian Svenning
- Department of Biology Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
- Department of Biology Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Guy Pe'er
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
| | | | - Demetra Rakosy
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Department of Community Ecology Halle (Saale) Germany
| | | | - Alexandra S. Werner
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
| | - Christian Wirth
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena Germany
| | - Haigen Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China Nanjing China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China Nanjing China
| | - Yves Zinngrebe
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ
- Department for Agricultural Economics and Rural Development Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Aletta Bonn
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research ‐ UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
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26
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Zajicek P, Welti EAR, Baker NJ, Januschke K, Brauner O, Haase P. Long-term data reveal unimodal responses of ground beetle abundance to precipitation and land use but no changes in taxonomic and functional diversity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17468. [PMID: 34471149 PMCID: PMC8410911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While much of global biodiversity is undoubtedly under threat, the responses of ecological communities to changing climate, land use intensification, and long-term changes in both taxonomic and functional diversity over time, has still not been fully explored for many taxonomic groups, especially invertebrates. We compiled time series of ground beetles covering the past two decades from 40 sites located in five regions across Germany. We calculated site-based trends for 21 community metrics representing taxonomic and functional diversity of ground beetles, activity density (a proxy for abundance), and activity densities of functional groups. We assessed both overall and regional temporal trends and the influence of the global change drivers of temperature, precipitation, and land use on ground beetle communities. While we did not detect overall temporal changes in ground beetle taxonomic and functional diversity, taxonomic turnover changed within two regions, illustrating that community change at the local scale does not always correspond to patterns at broader spatial scales. Additionally, ground beetle activity density had a unimodal response to both annual precipitation and land use. Limited temporal change in ground beetle communities may indicate a shifting baseline, where community degradation was reached prior to the start of our observation in 1999. In addition, nonlinear responses of animal communities to environmental change present a challenge when quantifying temporal trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Zajicek
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Ellen A R Welti
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Nathan J Baker
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Januschke
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver Brauner
- Office for Zoology, Vegetation and Conservation (Büro für Zoologie, Vegetation und Naturschutz), Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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27
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Buchner D, Haase P, Leese F. Wet grinding of invertebrate bulk samples – a scalable and cost-efficient protocol for metabarcoding and metagenomics. MBMG 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/mbmg.5.67533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most metabarcoding protocols for invertebrate bulk samples start with sample homogenisation, followed by DNA extraction, amplification of a specific marker region, and sequencing. Many of the above-mentioned laboratory steps have been verified thoroughly and best practice strategies exist, yet, no clear recommendation for the basis of almost all metabarcoding studies exists: the homogenisation of samples itself. Two different categories of devices are typically used for homogenisation: bead mills or blenders. Both have upsides and downsides. Bead mills rely on single-use plastics and therefore produce a lot of waste and are expensive. In addition to that, processing times can go up to 30 minutes making them unsuitable for large-scale studies. Blenders can handle larger sample volumes in a shorter time, and be cleaned – yet suffer from an increased risk of cross-contamination. We aimed to develop a fast, robust, cheap, and reliable sample homogenisation protocol that overcomes limitations of both approaches, i.e. does not produce difficult to discard waste and avoid single-use plastics while reducing overall costs. We tested the performance of the new protocol using six size-sorted Malaise trap samples and six unsorted stream macroinvertebrate kick-net samples. We used 14 replicates per sample and included many negative controls at different steps of the protocol to quantify the impacts of i) insufficient homogenisation and ii) cross-contamination. Our results show that 3-min homogenisation is sufficient to recover about 80% of OTUs per sample in each replicate and that a non-hazardous DIY cleaning solution provides an effective and efficient way of cleaning. The improvements of the protocol in terms of speed, ease of handling, an overall reduction of costs as well as the documented reliability and robustness make it an important candidate for sample homogenisation after sampling in particular for large-scale and regulatory metabarcoding but also metagenomics biodiversity assessments and monitoring.
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Haubrock PJ, Balzani P, Matsuzaki SIS, Tarkan AS, Kourantidou M, Haase P. Spatio-temporal niche plasticity of a freshwater invader as a harbinger of impact variability. Sci Total Environ 2021; 777:145947. [PMID: 33676206 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien fishes have detrimental ecological effects on aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide. Impacts from an invasion in a single ecosystem may differ across space and time due to variability in prey availability and environmental conditions. We hypothesize that such variability can be profound, even within a single ecosystem. Stable isotopes analysis (SIA) is commonly used to quantitatively describe the trophic niche of a species. However, spatial and temporal variability in occupied niches are often not incorporated into management strategies and policy options. Here, we used long-term monitoring data to investigate the invasion stage as well as SIA to analyse the trophic niche of the invasive channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in Lake Kasumigaura (Japan), a long-term ecological research site (LTER), across distant sampling sites and years. We found a significant spatio-temporal variability in relative growth and isotopic niche occupation. Moreover, we defined a new index, the Isotopic Plasticity Index (IPI), which is the ratio between core and total home range of an occupied isotopic niche, to be used as a proxy for the trophic niche stretch or density. We found that this IPI varied considerably, confirming the spatio-temporal variability in trophic niches, suggesting the IPI to be an adequate new isotopic metric. Our results further provide evidence for the existence of variation across invaded landscapes, implying heterogeneous impacts on recipient native communities. Therefore, our work emphasizes the importance of exploring trophic plasticity in feeding ecology and growth as such information enables a better understanding of impacts and can inform the design and implementation of effective management responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Paride Balzani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Shin-Ichiro S Matsuzaki
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Ali Serhan Tarkan
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla, Turkey; University of Łódź, Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Łódź, Poland
| | - Melina Kourantidou
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Athens 164 52, Greece; University of Southern Denmark, Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, 6705 Esbjerg Ø, Denmark
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Baker NJ, Pilotto F, Jourdan J, Beudert B, Haase P. Recovery from air pollution and subsequent acidification masks the effects of climate change on a freshwater macroinvertebrate community. Sci Total Environ 2021; 758:143685. [PMID: 33288265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are dynamic, complex systems with a multitude of physical and ecological processes and stressors which drive fluctuations on the community-level. Disentangling the effects of different processes and stressors is challenging due to their interconnected nature. However, as protected areas (i.e. national parks) are less anthropogenically impacted, they are ideal for investigating single stressors. We focus on the Bavarian Forest National Park, a Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site in Germany, where the major stressors are climate warming, air pollution (i.e. acidification) and bark beetle infestations. We investigated the effects of these stressors on freshwater macroinvertebrates using comprehensive long-term (1983-2014) datasets comprising high-resolution macroinvertebrate and physico-chemical data from a near-natural stream. Macroinvertebrate communities have undergone substantial changes over the past 32 years, highlighted by increases in overall community abundance (+173%) and richness (+51.6%) as well as taxonomic restructuring driven by a disproportional increase of dipterans. Prior to the year 2000, regression analyses revealed a decline in sulphate deposition and subsequent recovery from historical acidification as potential drivers of the increases in abundance and richness rather than to increases in water temperature (1.5 °C overall increase). Post 2000, however, alterations to nutrient cycling caused by bark beetle infestations coupled with warming temperatures were correlated to taxonomic restructuring and disproportional increases of dipterans at the expense of sensitive taxa such as plecopterans and trichopterans. Our results highlight the challenges when investigating the effects of climate change within a multi-stressor context. Even in conservation areas, recovery from previous disturbance might mask the effects of ongoing disturbances like climate change. Overall, we observed strong community restructuring, demonstrating that stenothermal headwater communities face additional stress due to emerging competition with tolerant taxa. Conservation efforts should consider the temporal variability of communities and their recovery from disturbances to adequately identify species vulnerable to local or widespread extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Jay Baker
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonas Jourdan
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Burkhard Beudert
- Department of Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Haubrock PJ, Pilotto F, Innocenti G, Cianfanelli S, Haase P. Two centuries for an almost complete community turnover from native to non-native species in a riverine ecosystem. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:606-623. [PMID: 33159701 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species introductions affect freshwater communities by changing community compositions, functional roles, trait occurrences and ecological niche spaces. Reconstructing such changes over long periods is difficult due to limited data availability. We collected information spanning 215 years on fish and selected macroinvertebrate groups (Mollusca and Crustacea) in the inner-Florentine stretch of the Arno River (Italy) and associated water grid, to investigate temporal changes. We identified an almost complete turnover from native to non-native fish (1800: 92% native; 2015: 94% non-native species) and macroinvertebrate species (1800: 100% native; 2015: 70% non-native species). Non-native fish species were observed ~50 years earlier compared to macroinvertebrate species, indicating phased invasion processes. In contrast, α-diversity of both communities increased significantly following a linear pattern. Separate analyses of changes in α-diversities for native and non-native species of both fish and macroinvertebrates were nonlinear. Functional richness and divergence of fish and macroinvertebrate communities decreased non-significantly, as the loss of native species was compensated by non-native species. Introductions of non-native fish and macroinvertebrate species occurred outside the niche space of native species. Native and non-native fish species exhibited greater overlap in niche space over time (62%-68%) and non-native species eventually replaced native species. Native and non-native macroinvertebrate niches overlapped to a lesser extent (15%-30%), with non-natives occupying mostly unoccupied niche space. These temporal changes in niche spaces of both biotic groups are a direct response to the observed changes in α-diversity and species turnover. These changes are potentially driven by deteriorations in hydromorphology as indicated by alterations in trait modalities. Additionally, we identified that angling played a considerable role for fish introductions. Our results support previous findings that the community turnover from native to non-native species can be facilitated by, for example, deteriorating environmental conditions and that variations in communities are multifaceted requiring more indicators than single metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gianna Innocenti
- Museo di Storia Naturale 'La Specola', Sistema Museale di Ateneo dell'Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Simone Cianfanelli
- Museo di Storia Naturale 'La Specola', Sistema Museale di Ateneo dell'Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Balzani P, Haubrock PJ, Russo F, Kouba A, Haase P, Veselý L, Masoni A, Tricarico E. Combining metal and stable isotope analyses to disentangle contaminant transfer in a freshwater community dominated by alien species. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115781. [PMID: 33049575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are negatively impacted by various pollutants, from agricultural, urban and industrial wastewater, with metals being one of the largest concerns. Moreover, freshwater ecosystems are often affected by alien species introductions that can modify habitats and trophic relationships. Accordingly, the threat posed by metals interacts with those by alien species, since the latter can accumulate and transfer these substances across the food web to higher trophic levels. How metals transfer within such communities is little studied. We analysed the concentration of 14 metals/metalloids (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn, hereafter 'metal(s)') of eight fish and three crustacean species co-existing in the Arno River (Central Italy), most of which were alien. To assess the pathway of contaminants within the community, we coupled metal analysis with carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis derived from the same specimens. Crustaceans showed higher metal concentration than fish, except for Cd, Hg and Se that were higher in fish. We found evidence of trophic transfer for six metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, Mg, Se, Zn). Additionally, ontogenetic differences and differences among various fish tissues (muscle, liver, and gills) were found in metals concentration. Considerable biomagnification along the trophic chain was found for Hg, while other metals were found to biodilute. Using stable isotopes and Hg as a third diet tracer, we refined the estimations of consumed preys in the diet previously reconstructed with stable isotope mixing models. Alien species reach high biomass and can both survive to and accumulate high pollutants concentrations, potentially posing a risk for their predators and humans. A combined effect of environmental filtering and increased competition may potentially contribute to the disappearance of native species with lower tolerances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paride Balzani
- University of Florence, Department of Biology, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco Russo
- University of Florence, Department of Biology, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonín Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Lukáš Veselý
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Alberto Masoni
- University of Florence, Department of Biology, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Elena Tricarico
- University of Florence, Department of Biology, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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32
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Haubrock PJ, Balzani P, Britton JR, Haase P. Using stable isotopes to analyse extinction risks and reintroduction opportunities of native species in invaded ecosystems. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21576. [PMID: 33303830 PMCID: PMC7728764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive non-native species have pervasive impacts on native biodiversity, including population extirpations and species extinctions. Identifying reasons why a population of a native species is extirpated following an invasion often relies on literature-based results of anecdotal observations. The well-established schemes of existing risk assessments for invasive species assume that a species' information (e.g. impacts or behavioural and biological traits) can be projected from one area to another to estimate the potential impact of a species in another environment. We used stable isotope data (δ13C, δ15N) from both invaded and uninvaded communities to predict such invasion impacts by reconstructing trophic relationships. This approach was tested on a community within a protected lake in Northern Spain where, following the introductions of non-native species, the last resident native species (the common tench Tinca tinca, the European eel Anguilla anguilla, and the whirligig beetle Gyrinus sp.) had been extirpated. Through the application of this novel approach, we found evidence that native species' declines were related to direct predation by and resource overlap with non-native species, which occurred in conjunction with habitat modification. Using this approach, we outlined the mechanisms involved in the extirpation of native species in the post-invasion period. To compensate for losses of native species induced by invasions of non-native species, native species reintroductions might be an appropriate tool. For this, we further suggested and discussed a novel approach that predicts the outcome of arising interactions by superimposing stable isotope data from alternative sources to better estimate the success of native species´ reintroductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Haubrock
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany.
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, CENAKVA, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czechia.
| | - Paride Balzani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - J Robert Britton
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, UK
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
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Lembrechts JJ, Aalto J, Ashcroft MB, De Frenne P, Kopecký M, Lenoir J, Luoto M, Maclean IMD, Roupsard O, Fuentes-Lillo E, García RA, Pellissier L, Pitteloud C, Alatalo JM, Smith SW, Björk RG, Muffler L, Ratier Backes A, Cesarz S, Gottschall F, Okello J, Urban J, Plichta R, Svátek M, Phartyal SS, Wipf S, Eisenhauer N, Pușcaș M, Turtureanu PD, Varlagin A, Dimarco RD, Jump AS, Randall K, Dorrepaal E, Larson K, Walz J, Vitale L, Svoboda M, Finger Higgens R, Halbritter AH, Curasi SR, Klupar I, Koontz A, Pearse WD, Simpson E, Stemkovski M, Jessen Graae B, Vedel Sørensen M, Høye TT, Fernández Calzado MR, Lorite J, Carbognani M, Tomaselli M, Forte TGW, Petraglia A, Haesen S, Somers B, Van Meerbeek K, Björkman MP, Hylander K, Merinero S, Gharun M, Buchmann N, Dolezal J, Matula R, Thomas AD, Bailey JJ, Ghosn D, Kazakis G, de Pablo MA, Kemppinen J, Niittynen P, Rew L, Seipel T, Larson C, Speed JDM, Ardö J, Cannone N, Guglielmin M, Malfasi F, Bader MY, Canessa R, Stanisci A, Kreyling J, Schmeddes J, Teuber L, Aschero V, Čiliak M, Máliš F, De Smedt P, Govaert S, Meeussen C, Vangansbeke P, Gigauri K, Lamprecht A, Pauli H, Steinbauer K, Winkler M, Ueyama M, Nuñez MA, Ursu TM, Haider S, Wedegärtner REM, Smiljanic M, Trouillier M, Wilmking M, Altman J, Brůna J, Hederová L, Macek M, Man M, Wild J, Vittoz P, Pärtel M, Barančok P, Kanka R, Kollár J, Palaj A, Barros A, Mazzolari AC, Bauters M, Boeckx P, Benito Alonso JL, Zong S, Di Cecco V, Sitková Z, Tielbörger K, van den Brink L, Weigel R, Homeier J, Dahlberg CJ, Medinets S, Medinets V, De Boeck HJ, Portillo-Estrada M, Verryckt LT, Milbau A, Daskalova GN, Thomas HJD, Myers-Smith IH, Blonder B, Stephan JG, Descombes P, Zellweger F, Frei ER, Heinesch B, Andrews C, Dick J, Siebicke L, Rocha A, Senior RA, Rixen C, Jimenez JJ, Boike J, Pauchard A, Scholten T, Scheffers B, Klinges D, Basham EW, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Géron C, Fazlioglu F, Candan O, Sallo Bravo J, Hrbacek F, Laska K, Cremonese E, Haase P, Moyano FE, Rossi C, Nijs I. SoilTemp: A global database of near-surface temperature. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:6616-6629. [PMID: 32311220 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long-term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate-forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold-air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free-air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near-surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near-surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J Lembrechts
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Juha Aalto
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael B Ashcroft
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pieter De Frenne
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Martin Kopecký
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- UR 'Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisées' (EDYSAN, UMR 7058 CNRS-UPJV), Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Miska Luoto
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilya M D Maclean
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Olivier Roupsard
- CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, Dakar, Senegal
- Eco&Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Eduardo Fuentes-Lillo
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
- School of Education and Social Sciences, Adventist University of Chile, Chile
| | - Rafael A García
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Camille Pitteloud
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Juha M Alatalo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stuart W Smith
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robert G Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Muffler
- Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amanda Ratier Backes
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felix Gottschall
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joseph Okello
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Mountains of the Moon University, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Josef Urban
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Roman Plichta
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Svátek
- Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shyam S Phartyal
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, India
- Department of Forestry and NR, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, India
| | - Sonja Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss National Park, Chastè Planta-Wildenberg, Zernez, Switzerland
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mihai Pușcaș
- A. Borza Botanical Garden and Department of Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Pavel D Turtureanu
- A. Borza Botanical Garden, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrej Varlagin
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Romina D Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, IFAB (INTA - CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Alistair S Jump
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Krystal Randall
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ellen Dorrepaal
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Keith Larson
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Josefine Walz
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Luca Vitale
- CNR - Institute for Mediterranean Agricultural and Forest Systems, Ercolano (Napoli), Italy
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | | | - Aud H Halbritter
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Salvatore R Curasi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Ian Klupar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Austin Koontz
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - William D Pearse
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Elizabeth Simpson
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Michael Stemkovski
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Bente Jessen Graae
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mia Vedel Sørensen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Toke T Høye
- Department of Bioscience and Arctic Research Centre, Rønde, Denmark
| | | | - Juan Lorite
- Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Michele Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marcello Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - T'ai G W Forte
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stef Haesen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Somers
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Mats P Björkman
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hylander
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Merinero
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mana Gharun
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jiri Dolezal
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Matula
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew D Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | | | - Dany Ghosn
- Department of Geo-information in Environmental Management, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania, Greece
| | - George Kazakis
- Department of Geo-information in Environmental Management, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania, Greece
| | - Miguel A de Pablo
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environment, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Kemppinen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Niittynen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lisa Rew
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Tim Seipel
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Christian Larson
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - James D M Speed
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jonas Ardö
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicoletta Cannone
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University, Como, Italy
| | - Mauro Guglielmin
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Malfasi
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Maaike Y Bader
- Ecological Plant Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rafaella Canessa
- Ecological Plant Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Angela Stanisci
- EnvixLab, Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Termoli, Italy
| | - Juergen Kreyling
- Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jonas Schmeddes
- Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Laurenz Teuber
- Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valeria Aschero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Cuyo, Argentina
- Instituto Argentino de Nivologiá, Glaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marek Čiliak
- Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - František Máliš
- Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Pallieter De Smedt
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Sanne Govaert
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Camille Meeussen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vangansbeke
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | | | - Andrea Lamprecht
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Pauli
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Steinbauer
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Winkler
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) & Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Masahito Ueyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones, INIBIOMA, CONICET/Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Tudor-Mihai Ursu
- Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sylvia Haider
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronja E M Wedegärtner
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marko Smiljanic
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mario Trouillier
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Wilmking
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Brůna
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Hederová
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Macek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Man
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Wild
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Pascal Vittoz
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Meelis Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Peter Barančok
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Róbert Kanka
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Kollár
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Palaj
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Agustina Barros
- Instituto Argentino de Nivologiá, Glaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ana C Mazzolari
- Instituto Argentino de Nivologiá, Glaciologiá y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET, CCT-Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marijn Bauters
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Shengwei Zong
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Valter Di Cecco
- Majella Seed Bank, Majella National Park, Lama dei Peligni, Italy
| | - Zuzana Sitková
- National Forest Centre, Forest Research Institute Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Katja Tielbörger
- Plant Ecology Group, Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Liesbeth van den Brink
- Plant Ecology Group, Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Weigel
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - C Johan Dahlberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sergiy Medinets
- Regional Centre for Integrated Environmental Monitoring, Odesa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Medinets
- Regional Centre for Integrated Environmental Monitoring, Odesa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Hans J De Boeck
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Lore T Verryckt
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ann Milbau
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Blonder
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jörg G Stephan
- Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrice Descombes
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Esther R Frei
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Heinesch
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Faculty of Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Jan Dick
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Midlothian, UK
| | - Lukas Siebicke
- Bioclimatology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Adrian Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Rebecca A Senior
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Christian Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Boike
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aníbal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Scholten
- Chair of Soil Science and Geomorphology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Brett Scheffers
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David Klinges
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Edmund W Basham
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaochen Zhang
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Charly Géron
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Biodiversity and Landscape, TERRA Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Fatih Fazlioglu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Onur Candan
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | | | - Filip Hrbacek
- Department of Geography, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Laska
- Department of Geography, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Edoardo Cremonese
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Christian Rossi
- Swiss National Park, Chastè Planta-Wildenberg, Zernez, Switzerland
- Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Unit Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Nijs
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Baranov V, Jourdan J, Pilotto F, Wagner R, Haase P. Complex and nonlinear climate-driven changes in freshwater insect communities over 42 years. Conserv Biol 2020; 34:1241-1251. [PMID: 32022305 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing biodiversity crisis becomes evident in the widely observed decline in abundance and diversity of species, profound changes in community structure, and shifts in species' phenology. Insects are among the most affected groups, with documented decreases in abundance up to 76% in the last 25-30 years in some terrestrial ecosystems. Identifying the underlying drivers is a major obstacle as most ecosystems are affected by multiple stressors simultaneously and in situ measurements of environmental variables are often missing. In our study, we investigated a headwater stream belonging to the most common stream type in Germany located in a nature reserve with no major anthropogenic impacts except climate change. We used the most comprehensive quantitative long-term data set on aquatic insects available, which includes weekly measurements of species-level insect abundance, daily water temperature and stream discharge as well as measurements of additional physicochemical variables for a 42-year period (1969-2010). Overall, water temperature increased by 1.88 °C and discharge patterns changed significantly. These changes were accompanied by an 81.6% decline in insect abundance, but an increase in richness (+8.5%), Shannon diversity (+22.7%), evenness (+22.4%), and interannual turnover (+34%). Moreover, the community's trophic structure and phenology changed: the duration of emergence increased by 15.2 days, whereas the peak of emergence moved 13.4 days earlier. Additionally, we observed short-term fluctuations (<5 years) in almost all metrics as well as complex and nonlinear responses of the community toward climate change that would have been missed by simply using snapshot data or shorter time series. Our results indicate that climate change has already altered biotic communities severely even in protected areas, where no other interacting stressors (pollution, habitat fragmentation, etc.) are present. This is a striking example of the scientific value of comprehensive long-term data in capturing the complex responses of communities toward climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Baranov
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, 63571, Germany
- Department of Biology II, LMU Munich Biocenter, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Jonas Jourdan
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, 63571, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, 63571, Germany
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious studies, University of Umeå, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Rüdiger Wagner
- FB 10 Nat. Sci., Biology, Zoology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, Kassel, 34132, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, 63571, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45141, Germany
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35
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Pilotto F, Kühn I, Adrian R, Alber R, Alignier A, Andrews C, Bäck J, Barbaro L, Beaumont D, Beenaerts N, Benham S, Boukal DS, Bretagnolle V, Camatti E, Canullo R, Cardoso PG, Ens BJ, Everaert G, Evtimova V, Feuchtmayr H, García-González R, Gómez García D, Grandin U, Gutowski JM, Hadar L, Halada L, Halassy M, Hummel H, Huttunen KL, Jaroszewicz B, Jensen TC, Kalivoda H, Schmidt IK, Kröncke I, Leinonen R, Martinho F, Meesenburg H, Meyer J, Minerbi S, Monteith D, Nikolov BP, Oro D, Ozoliņš D, Padedda BM, Pallett D, Pansera M, Pardal MÂ, Petriccione B, Pipan T, Pöyry J, Schäfer SM, Schaub M, Schneider SC, Skuja A, Soetaert K, Spriņģe G, Stanchev R, Stockan JA, Stoll S, Sundqvist L, Thimonier A, Van Hoey G, Van Ryckegem G, Visser ME, Vorhauser S, Haase P. Meta-analysis of multidecadal biodiversity trends in Europe. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3486. [PMID: 32661354 PMCID: PMC7359034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Local biodiversity trends over time are likely to be decoupled from global trends, as local processes may compensate or counteract global change. We analyze 161 long-term biological time series (15-91 years) collected across Europe, using a comprehensive dataset comprising ~6,200 marine, freshwater and terrestrial taxa. We test whether (i) local long-term biodiversity trends are consistent among biogeoregions, realms and taxonomic groups, and (ii) changes in biodiversity correlate with regional climate and local conditions. Our results reveal that local trends of abundance, richness and diversity differ among biogeoregions, realms and taxonomic groups, demonstrating that biodiversity changes at local scale are often complex and cannot be easily generalized. However, we find increases in richness and abundance with increasing temperature and naturalness as well as a clear spatial pattern in changes in community composition (i.e. temporal taxonomic turnover) in most biogeoregions of Northern and Eastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pilotto
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Ingolf Kühn
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Halle, Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle - Jena - Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rita Adrian
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries & Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Alber
- Biological Laboratory, Agency for Environment and Climate Protection, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Audrey Alignier
- UMR 0980 BAGAP, INRAE - Institut Agro - ESA, Rennes, France
- LTSER Zone Atelier Armorique, 35042, Rennes, France
| | | | - Jaana Bäck
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth system Research, Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luc Barbaro
- Dynafor, INRAE, University of Toulouse, France & CESCO, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne-Univ, Paris, France & LTSER Zone Atelier Pyrénées Garonne, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | | | - Natalie Beenaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - David S Boukal
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecosystem Biology & Soil and Water Research Infrastructure, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- CEBC, UMR7372, CNRS & La Rochelle University, 79360, Villiers en bois, France
- LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, 79360, Beauvoir sur Niort, France
| | - Elisa Camatti
- Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council, Venice, Italy
| | - Roberto Canullo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, unit Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Patricia G Cardoso
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno J Ens
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vesela Evtimova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Heidrun Feuchtmayr
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | | | | | - Ulf Grandin
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jerzy M Gutowski
- Department of Natural Forests, Forest Research Institute, Białowieża, Poland
| | | | - Lubos Halada
- Institute of Landscape Ecology SAS, Branch Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Melinda Halassy
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Herman Hummel
- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Yerseke, The Netherlands
| | - Kaisa-Leena Huttunen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Kuusamo, Finland
| | - Bogdan Jaroszewicz
- Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Białowieża, Poland
| | | | | | - Inger Kappel Schmidt
- Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Kröncke
- Senckenberg am Meer, Marine Research Department, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Reima Leinonen
- Kainuu Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment, Kajaani, Finland
| | - Filipe Martinho
- Centre For Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Julia Meyer
- Senckenberg am Meer, Marine Research Department, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Stefano Minerbi
- Forest Services, Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Don Monteith
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Boris P Nikolov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniel Oro
- CEAB (CSIC), 17300, Blanes, Spain
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), 07190, Esporles, Spain
| | - Dāvis Ozoliņš
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Bachisio M Padedda
- Dipartimento di Architettura, Design e Urbanistica, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pansera
- Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council, Venice, Italy
| | - Miguel Ângelo Pardal
- Centre For Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Petriccione
- Carabinieri, Biodiversity and Park Protection Department, Castel di Sangro Biodiversity Unit, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Tanja Pipan
- ZRC SAZU Karst Research Institute, Ljubljana & UNESCO Chair on Karst Education University of Nova Gorica, Vipava, Slovenia
| | - Juha Pöyry
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Biodiversity Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Marcus Schaub
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Agnija Skuja
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Karline Soetaert
- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, Yerseke, The Netherlands
| | - Gunta Spriņģe
- Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Radoslav Stanchev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jenni A Stockan
- Ecological Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Birkenfeld, Germany
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Sundqvist
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Thimonier
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Gert Van Hoey
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fishery and Food, Oostende, Belgium
| | | | - Marcel E Visser
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Vorhauser
- Biological Laboratory, Agency for Environment and Climate Protection, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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36
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Building Linked Spatio-Temporal Data from Vectorized Historical Maps. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250625 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Historical maps provide a rich source of information for researchers in the social and natural sciences. These maps contain detailed documentation of a wide variety of natural and human-made features and their changes over time, such as the changes in the transportation networks and the decline of wetlands. It can be labor-intensive for a scientist to analyze changes across space and time in such maps, even after they have been digitized and converted to a vector format. In this paper, we present an unsupervised approach that converts vector data of geographic features extracted from multiple historical maps into linked spatio-temporal data. The resulting graphs can be easily queried and visualized to understand the changes in specific regions over time. We evaluate our technique on railroad network data extracted from USGS historical topographic maps for several regions over multiple map sheets and demonstrate how the automatically constructed linked geospatial data enables effective querying of the changes over different time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Abstract
Given a knowledge base (KB), rule mining finds rules such as “If two people are married, then they live (most likely) in the same place”. Due to the exponential search space, rule mining approaches still have difficulties to scale to today’s large KBs. In this paper, we present AMIE 3, a system that employs a number of sophisticated pruning strategies and optimizations. This allows the system to mine rules on large KBs in a matter of minutes. Most importantly, we do not have to resort to approximations or sampling, but are able to compute the exact confidence and support of each rule. Our experiments on DBpedia, YAGO, and Wikidata show that AMIE 3 beats the state of the art by a factor of more than 15 in terms of runtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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38
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. StreamPipes Connect: Semantics-Based Edge Adapters for the IIoT. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250600 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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39
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Astrea: Automatic Generation of SHACL Shapes from Ontologies. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250618 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge Graphs (KGs) that publish RDF data modelled using ontologies in a wide range of domains have populated the Web. The SHACL language is a W3C recommendation that has been endowed to encode a set of either value or model data restrictions that aim at validating KG data, ensuring data quality. Developing shapes is a complex and time consuming task that is not feasible to achieve manually. This article presents two resources that aim at generating automatically SHACL shapes for a set of ontologies: (1) Astrea-KG, a KG that publishes a set of mappings that encode the equivalent conceptual restrictions among ontology constraint patterns and SHACL constraint patterns, and (2) Astrea, a tool that automatically generates SHACL shapes from a set of ontologies by executing the mappings from the Astrea-KG. These two resources are openly available at Zenodo, GitHub, and a web application. In contrast to other proposals, these resources cover a large number of SHACL restrictions producing both value and model data restrictions, whereas other proposals consider only a limited number of restrictions or focus only on value or model restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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40
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Handling Impossible Derivations During Stream Reasoning. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250624 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid expansion of the Web and the advent of the Internet of Things, there is a growing need to design tools for intelligent analytics and decision making on streams of data. Logic-based frameworks like LARS allow the execution of complex reasoning on such streams, but it is paramount that the computation is completed in a timely manner before the stream expires. To reduce the runtime, we can extend the validity of inferred conclusions to the future to avoid repeated derivations, but this is not enough to avoid all sources of redundant computation. To further alleviate this problem, this paper introduces a new technique that infers the impossibility of certain derivations in the future and blocks the reasoner from performing computation that is doomed to fail anyway. An experimental analysis on microbenchmarks shows that our technique leads to a significant reduction of the reasoning runtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. GEval: A Modular and Extensible Evaluation Framework for Graph Embedding Techniques. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250612 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
While RDF data are graph shaped by nature, most traditional Machine Learning (ML) algorithms expect data in a vector form. To transform graph elements to vectors, several graph embedding approaches have been proposed. Comparing these approaches is interesting for 1) developers of new embedding techniques to verify in which cases their proposal outperforms the state-of-art and 2) consumers of these techniques in choosing the best approach according to the task(s) the vectors will be used for. The comparison could be delayed (and made difficult) by the choice of tasks, the design of the evaluation, the selection of models, parameters, and needed datasets. We propose GEval, an evaluation framework to simplify the evaluation and the comparison of graph embedding techniques. The covered tasks range from ML tasks (Classification, Regression, Clustering), semantic tasks (entity relatedness, document similarity) to semantic analogies. However, GEval is designed to be (easily) extensible. In this article, we will describe the design and development of the proposed framework by detailing its overall structure, the already implemented tasks, and how to extend it. In conclusion, to demonstrate its operating approach, we consider the parameter tuning of the KGloVe algorithm as a use case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Hyperbolic Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Knowledge Base Completion. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250606 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Learning embeddings of entities and relations existing in knowledge bases allows the discovery of hidden patterns in them. In this work, we examine the contribution of geometrical space to the task of knowledge base completion. We focus on the family of translational models, whose performance has been lagging. We extend these models to the hyperbolic space so as to better reflect the topological properties of knowledge bases. We investigate the type of regularities that our model, dubbed HyperKG, can capture and show that it is a prominent candidate for effectively representing a subset of Datalog rules. We empirically show, using a variety of link prediction datasets, that hyperbolic space allows to narrow down significantly the performance gap between translational and bilinear models and effectively represent certain types of rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Abstract
Semantic Web applications have benefited from entity summarization techniques which compute a compact summary for an entity by selecting a set of key triples from underlying data. A wide variety of entity summarizers have been developed. However, the quality of summaries they generate are still not satisfying, and we lack mechanisms for improving computed summaries. To address this challenge, in this paper we present the first study of entity summarization with user feedback. We consider a cooperative environment where a user reads the current entity summary and provides feedback to help an entity summarizer compute an improved summary. Our approach represents this iterative process as a Markov decision process where the entity summarizer is modeled as a reinforcement learning agent. To exploit user feedback, we represent the interdependence of triples in the current summary and the user feedback by a novel deep neural network which is incorporated into the policy of the agent. Our approach outperforms five baseline methods in extensive experiments with both real users and simulated users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Abstract
Entity summarization is the problem of computing an optimal compact summary for an entity by selecting a size-constrained subset of triples from RDF data. Entity summarization supports a multiplicity of applications and has led to fruitful research. However, there is a lack of evaluation efforts that cover the broad spectrum of existing systems. One reason is a lack of benchmarks for evaluation. Some benchmarks are no longer available, while others are small and have limitations. In this paper, we create an Entity Summarization BenchMark (ESBM) which overcomes the limitations of existing benchmarks and meets standard desiderata for a benchmark. Using this largest available benchmark for evaluating general-purpose entity summarizers, we perform the most extensive experiment to date where 9 existing systems are compared. Considering that all of these systems are unsupervised, we also implement and evaluate a supervised learning based system for reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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45
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Entity Linking and Lexico-Semantic Patterns for Ontology Learning. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250621 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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46
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Equivalent Rewritings on Path Views with Binding Patterns. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250601 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A view with a binding pattern is a parameterized query on a database. Such views are used, e.g., to model Web services. To answer a query on such views, the views have to be orchestrated together in execution plans. We show how queries can be rewritten into equivalent execution plans, which are guaranteed to deliver the same results as the query on all databases. We provide a correct and complete algorithm to find these plans for path views and atomic queries. Finally, we show that our method can be used to answer queries on real-world Web services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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47
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. SAShA: Semantic-Aware Shilling Attacks on Recommender Systems Exploiting Knowledge Graphs. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250597 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recommender systems (RS) play a focal position in modern user-centric online services. Among them, collaborative filtering (CF) approaches have shown leading accuracy performance compared to content-based filtering (CBF) methods. Their success is due to an effective exploitation of similarities/correlations encoded in user interaction patterns, which is computed by considering common items users rated in the past. However, their strength is also their weakness. Indeed, a malicious agent can alter recommendations by adding fake user profiles into the platform thereby altering the actual similarity values in an engineered way. The spread of well-curated information available in knowledge graphs (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\mathcal {KG}$$\end{document}) has opened the door to several new possibilities in compromising the security of a recommender system. In fact, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\mathcal {KG}$$\end{document} are a wealthy source of information that can dramatically increase the attacker’s (and the defender’s) knowledge of the underlying system. In this paper, we introduce SAShA, a new attack strategy that leverages semantic features extracted from a knowledge graph in order to strengthen the efficacy of the attack to standard CF models. We performed an extensive experimental evaluation in order to investigate whether SAShA is more effective than baseline attacks against CF models by taking into account the impact of various semantic features. Experimental results on two real-world datasets show the usefulness of our strategy in favor of attacker’s capacity in attacking CF models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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48
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Unsupervised Bootstrapping of Active Learning for Entity Resolution. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250605 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Entity resolution is one of the central challenges when integrating data from large numbers of data sources. Active learning for entity resolution aims to learn high-quality matching models while minimizing the human labeling effort by selecting only the most informative record pairs for labeling. Most active learning methods proposed so far, start with an empty set of labeled record pairs and iteratively improve the prediction quality of a classification model by asking for new labels. The absence of adequate labeled data in the early active learning iterations leads to unstable models of low quality which is known as the cold start problem. In our work we solve the cold start problem using an unsupervised matching method to bootstrap active learning. We implement a thresholding heuristic that considers pre-calculated similarity scores and assigns matching labels with some degree of noise at no manual labeling cost. The noisy labels are used for initializing the active learning process and throughout the whole active learning cycle for model learning and query selection. We evaluate our pipeline with six datasets from three different entity resolution settings using active learning with a committee-based query strategy and show it successfully deals with the cold start problem. Comparing our method against two active learning baselines without bootstrapping, we show that it can additionally lead to overall improved learned models in terms of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$F_{1}$$\end{document} score and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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49
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Hybrid Reasoning Over Large Knowledge Bases Using On-The-Fly Knowledge Extraction. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250607 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The success of logic-based methods for comparing entities heavily depends on the axioms that have been described for them in the Knowledge Base (KB). Due to the incompleteness of even large and well engineered KBs, such methods suffer from low recall when applied in real-world use cases. To address this, we designed a reasoning framework that combines logic-based subsumption with statistical methods for on-the-fly knowledge extraction. Statistical methods extract additional (missing) axioms for the compared entities with the goal of tackling the incompleteness of KBs and thus improving recall. Although this can be beneficial, it can also introduce noise (false positives or false negatives). Hence, our framework uses heuristics to assess whether knowledge extraction is likely to be advantageous and only activates the statistical components if this is the case. We instantiate our framework by combining lightweight logic-based reasoning implemented on top of existing triple-stores with an axiom extraction method that is based on the labels of concepts. Our work was motivated by industrial use cases over which we evaluate our instantiated framework, showing that it outperforms approaches that are only based on textual information. Besides the best combination of precision and recall, our implementation is also scalable and is currently used in an industrial production environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Harth A, Kirrane S, Ngonga Ngomo AC, Paulheim H, Rula A, Gentile AL, Haase P, Cochez M. Supporting Complex Decision Making by Semantic Technologies. The Semantic Web 2020. [PMCID: PMC7250623 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Complex decisions require stakeholders to identify potential decision options and collaboratively select the optimal option. Identifying potential decision options and communicating them to stakeholders is a challenging task as it requires the translation of the decision option’s technical dimension to a stakeholder-compliant language which describes the impact of the decision (e.g., financial, political). Existing knowledge-driven decision support methods generate decision options by automatically processing available data and knowledge. Ontology-based methods emerged as a sub-field in the medical domain and provide concrete instructions for given medical problems. However, the research field lacks an evaluated practical approach to support the full cycle from data and knowledge assessment to the actual decision making. This work advances the field by: (i) a problem-driven ontology engineering method which (a) supports creating the necessary ontology model for the given problem domain and (b) harmonizes relevant data and knowledge sources for automatically identifying decision options by reasoners, and (ii) an approach which translates technical decision options into a language that is understood by relevant stakeholders. Expert evaluations and real-world deployments in three different domains demonstrate the added value of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Harth
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirrane
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Anisa Rula
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Cochez
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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