1
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Wang Z, Akimoto T, Yue T, Hatakeyama Y, Maruo C, Pascual G, Fujibayashi M, Sakamaki T. Testing combined effects of environmental trace metals/arsenic and marine trophic status on the bioaccumulation in Pacific oysters: Insights from 22-site field samplings. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116827. [PMID: 39168088 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Pacific oysters were sampled from 22 human-impacted sites in northeastern Japan to measure Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and As. The hazard quotient was slightly >1 for Cu and/or As at two sites, but <1 for all metal species and As at the other sites, indicating low human health risks. Oysters' Cu, Zn, and Pb contents were positively related to their concentrations in the sediment, while Cr and As were not. Oysters' Cu and Zn were negatively related to the inorganic nitrogen in seawater, while oysters' Pb and As showed positive relationships with the particulate organic carbon. These findings suggest that marine trophic status affects oysters' metal uptake differently among the metal species. Furthermore, oysters' Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb contents were negatively related to their eicosapentaenoic acid content and condition index. Therefore, the nutritional conditions of oysters may influence their elimination or accumulation of these metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akimoto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tingting Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 2, Building 4217, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Yuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Chikako Maruo
- Technical Division, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Gissela Pascual
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Megumu Fujibayashi
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakamaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (Tohoku University & JAMSTEC WPI-AIMEC), 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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2
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Rahman Z, Thomas L, Chetri SPK, Bodhankar S, Kumar V, Naidu R. A comprehensive review on chromium (Cr) contamination and Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles in diverse extreme environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:59163-59193. [PMID: 37046169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) compounds are usually toxins and exist abundantly in two different forms, Cr(VI) and Cr(III), in nature. Their contamination in any environment is a major problem. Many extreme environments including cold climate, warm climate, acidic environment, basic/alkaline environment, hypersaline environment, radiation, drought, high pressure, and anaerobic conditions have accumulated elevated Cr contamination. These harsh physicochemical conditions associated with Cr(VI) contamination damage biological systems in various ways. However, several unique microorganisms belonging to phylogenetically distant taxa (bacteria, fungi, and microalgae) owing to different and very distinct physiological characteristics can withstand extremities of Cr(VI) in different physicochemical environments. These challenging situations offer great potential and extended proficiencies in extremophiles for environmental and biotechnological applications. On these issues, the present review draws attention to Cr(VI) contamination from diverse extreme environmental regions. The study gives a detailed account on the ecology and biogeography of Cr(VI)-resistant microorganisms in inhospitable environments, and their use for detoxifying Cr(VI) and other applications. The study also focuses on physiological, multi-omics, and genetic engineering approaches of Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Siva P K Chetri
- Department of Botany, Dimoria College, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Shrey Bodhankar
- Department of Agriculture Microbiology, School of Agriculture Sciences, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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3
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Ali MM, Islam MS, Islam ARMT, Bhuyan MS, Ahmed ASS, Rahman MZ, Rahman MM. Toxic metal pollution and ecological risk assessment in water and sediment at ship breaking sites in the Bay of Bengal Coast, Bangladesh. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113274. [PMID: 35066413 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of four toxic metals (As, Cr, Cd, and Pb) in water and sediments at the Sitakunda ship breaking area in Bangladesh was studied. Along with this, sediment quality and ecological risk were evaluated for the metal intrusion to the study area. A total sample number of 120 (water; n = 60 and sediment; n = 60) were analyzed for both winter and summer seasons using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The trace metal concentration in both water and sediment showed decreasing trend as follows; Cr (mean-W: 0.118 mg/L; mean-S:121.87 mg/kg) > Pb (mean-W: 0.064 mg/L; mean-S: 65.31 mg/kg) > As (mean-W: 0.03 mg/L; mean-S: 32.53 mg/kg) > Cd (mean-W: 0.004 mg/L; mean-S: 4.81 mg/kg). However, in both segments, the concentrations of the toxic metals exceeded the recommended acceptable limits. As and Cd showed significant variation (water and sediment) between the seasons, while Pb and Cr had no seasonal impact. Metal pollution index (MPI) and contamination factor (CF) was evaluated and revealed that the study area exhibited the critical score of water quality (MPI > 100). The cumulative effect of the metal concentrations was high (CI > 3). The assessed mean geoaccumulaiton index (Igeo) revealed that the study area was moderate to strongly polluted except for Cr. According to the contamination factor (CF), the sediment samples were moderate to highly contaminated by Cd, Pb, and As. Moreover, the explored range of pollution load index (PLI) in all sampling sites in the ship breaking region was from 1.75 to 3.10, suggesting that the sediment in the study area was highly polluted by heavy metals (PLI > 1). The risk index and the potential ecological risk index (PERI) suggested that the study area was at high risk due to metals pollution. Therefore, it is obligatory to maintain some crucial efforts for the betterment of the surrounding environment near the investigated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh; Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | | | - Md Simul Bhuyan
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine Sciences & Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - A S Shafiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zillur Rahman
- Quality Control Laboratory, Department of Fisheries, Khulna 9000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
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Jayachandran S, Chakraborty P, Sarkar A, Kumar D, Babu PC. Post depositional changes of sedimentary organic matter influence chromium speciation in continental slope sediments - A case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:145783. [PMID: 33676215 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Influences of post depositional changes of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) on chromium (Cr) speciation in continental slope sediments from the east and west coast of India are presented in this study. Average concentrations of total sedimentary Cr (CrT) in the slope areas of both the coasts were not elevated and ranged from 56.8 to 163 mg·kg-1 (avg. 97.3 ± 28.3 mg·kg-1). The geology of adjacent land masses influenced sedimentary Cr concentration in the slope areas. Geochemical fractionation study showed that a major fraction (51.6-159 mg·kg-1; avg. 89.6 ± 24.3 mg·kg-1) of the total sedimentary Cr was present in residual part of the sediments. Prime hosting phase for non-residual sedimentary Cr was oxidizable binding phase (SOM) (1.4-23.9 mg·kg-1; avg. 6.7 ± 6.3 mg·kg-1) followed by reducing binding phase (Fe/Mn-oxyhydroxide phase) (0.1-1.7 mg·kg-1; avg. 0.7 ± 0.3 mg·kg-1). Concentration of Cr (VI) in the slope sediments, varied from 0.2 to 8.3 mg·kg-1 (avg. 1.2 ± 1.0 mg·kg-1), was also predominantly associated with the SOM. The δ13Corg values of the SOM (ranged from -19.4 to -21.4‰; avg. -20.3 ± 0.5‰) suggests that they were derived from marine sources. Based on molar C/N ratio (ranged from 6.3-12.9; avg. 9.0 ± 2.0), the SOM were classified as labile organic matter. Increasing molar C/N ratio in the studied sediments was used as a proxy to reflect post depositional changes of the SOM. Association of normalized Cr (VI) (with respect to CrT) increased with increasing SOM concentration by 0.008 mg·kg-1. One unit increase of sedimentary molar C/N ratio was found to increase normalized Cr (VI) (w.r.t. CrT) by 0.003 mg·kg-1 in the sediments. This study suggests that post-depositional changes of SOM may increase Cr binding capacity and control its speciation and mobility in marine sediment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Jayachandran
- Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Parthasarathi Chakraborty
- Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India.
| | - Arindam Sarkar
- Regional Research Station (R & L Zone), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jhargram, West Bengal 721507, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Prakash C Babu
- Geological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
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Forero López AD, Villagran DM, Fernandez EM, Spetter CV, Buzzi NS, Fernández Severini MD. Chromium behavior in a highly urbanized coastal area (Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112093. [PMID: 33611229 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of estuaries by heavy metals from anthropogenic activities in the industrial, domestic, and agricultural sectors is a global concern. In this study, the Cr, Fe, and Mn levels in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) were analyzed in estuarine waters from Bahia Blanca Estuary, during 2014-2015. The values of particulate Cr ranged from 7.33 to 35.20 μg g-1, which could be associated to several anthropogenic sources. The positive correlations found between Cr and Chlorophyll-a, and Cr and particulate organic carbon (POC) suggest the strong influence of phytoplankton on the adsorption of this metal and on the increase of particulate Cr. Negative correlations were found between Cr and DO and between Cr and pH, which could indicate an increasing trend in the dissolved form of Cr. This study suggests that the physical-chemical characteristics of the water column as well as phytoplankton and POC dynamics influence the behavior of Cr in this estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Forero López
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - D M Villagran
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E M Fernandez
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Avenida Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C V Spetter
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Avenida Alem 1253, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N S Buzzi
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M D Fernández Severini
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), CONICET/UNS, CCT-Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga, km 7.5, Edificio E1, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Meaza I, Speer RM, Toyoda JH, Lu H, Wise SS, Croom-Perez TJ, Aboueissa AEM, Wise JP. Prolonged exposure to particulate Cr(VI) is cytotoxic and genotoxic to fin whale cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126562. [PMID: 32570008 PMCID: PMC7655514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a human lung carcinogen and global marine pollutant. High Cr concentrations, resembling the ones observed in occupationally exposed workers, have been observed in fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the Gulf of Maine. This outcome suggests Cr might be disrupting the health of fin whale populations. Indeed, Cr in acute (24 h) exposure does cause toxicity in fin whale cells. However, human cell culture data indicate prolonged exposures (120 h) induce a higher amount of toxicity compared to 24 h exposure due to an inhibition of homologous recombination repair. However, whether prolonged exposure causes similar outcomes in fin whale cells is unknown. OBJECTIVE Due to the importance of assessing prolonged exposure toxicity, this study focuses on characterizing acute and prolonged exposure of Cr(VI) in male and female fin whale cells. METHODS Cytotoxicity was measured by the clonogenic assay, also known as colony forming assay, which measures the ability of cells to proliferate and form colonies after the treatment. DNA double strand breaks were analyzed by neutral comet assay. Clastogenicity was measured using the chromosome aberration assay. Intracellular Cr levels were measured with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) with Syngistix Software. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that particulate Cr(VI) induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a treatment-dependent manner after 24 h and 120 h exposures. Cytotoxicity levels were generally low with relative survival above 64 %. DNA double strand break data and chromosome aberration data were elevated after a 24 h exposure, but decreased after a 120 h exposure. While cytotoxicity was similar after 24 h and 120 h exposures, less DNA double strand breaks and chromosomal instability occurred with prolonged exposure. CONCLUSION Particulate Cr(VI) is cytotoxic and genotoxic to fin whale cells after acute and prolonged exposures. The reduction of genotoxicity we have observed after 120 h exposure may be partly explained by lower intracellular Cr levels after 120 h. However, the decrease in intracellular levels is not reflected by a similar decrease in chromosome aberrations suggesting other mechanisms may be at play. Male fin whale cells appear to be more susceptible to the genotoxic effects of particulate Cr(VI) while female cells are less susceptible possibly due to increased cell death of damaged cells, but more work is needed to clarify if this outcome reflects a sex difference or interindividual variability. Overall, the study shows particulate Cr(VI) does induce toxicity at both acute and prolonged exposures in fin whales cells indicating Cr(VI) exposure is a health risk for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Meaza
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Rachel M Speer
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jennifer H Toyoda
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Tayler J Croom-Perez
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States
| | | | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, United States.
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7
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Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by reproduction, which plays an important role in bacterial evolution. Often, mobile genetic elements such as plasmids are involved in HGT. In this study, we present phylogenetic, biogeographic, and functional analyses of a previously unrecognized plasmid that is found with 100% sequence identity in multiple distinct bacterial genera obtained from geographically separated locations. This is the only known instance where actual nucleotide identity and not only high synteny has been described for plasmids in environmental organisms. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence for the potential of this plasmid to be transmitted across bacterial orders, thereby increasing our understanding of evolution and microbial niche adaptation in the environment. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays an important role in bacterial evolution and serves as a driving force for bacterial diversity and versatility. HGT events often involve mobile genetic elements like plasmids, which can promote their own dissemination by associating with adaptive traits in the gene pool of the so-called mobilome. Novel traits that evolve through HGT can therefore lead to the exploitation of new ecological niches, prompting an adaptive radiation of bacterial species. In this study, we present phylogenetic, biogeographic, and functional analyses of a previously unrecognized RepL-type plasmid found in diverse members of the marine Roseobacter group across the globe. Noteworthy, 100% identical plasmids were detected in phylogenetically and geographically distant bacteria, revealing a so-far overlooked, but environmentally highly relevant vector for HGT. The genomic and functional characterization of this plasmid showed a completely conserved backbone dedicated to replication, stability, and mobilization as well as an interchangeable gene cassette with highly diverse, but recurring motifs. The majority of the latter appear to be involved in mechanisms coping with toxins and/or pollutants in the marine environment. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence that the plasmid has the potential to be transmitted across bacterial orders, thereby increasing our understanding of evolution and microbial niche adaptation in the environment.
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Speer RM, Wise SS, Croom-Perez TJ, Aboueissa AM, Martin-Bras M, Barandiaran M, Bermúdez E, Wise JP. A comparison of particulate hexavalent chromium cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human and leatherback sea turtle lung cells from a one environmental health perspective. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 376:70-81. [PMID: 31108106 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Evaluating health risks of environmental contaminants can be better achieved by considering toxic impacts across species. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a marine pollutant and global environmental contaminant. While Cr(VI) has been identified as a human lung carcinogen, health effects in marine species are poorly understood. Little is known about how Cr(VI) might impact humans and marine species differently. This study used a One Environmental Health Approach to compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate Cr(VI) in human and leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) lung fibroblasts. Leatherbacks may experience prolonged exposures to environmental contaminants and provide insight to how environmental exposures affect health across species. Since humans and leatherbacks may experience prolonged exposure to Cr(VI), and prolonged Cr(VI) exposure leads to carcinogenesis in humans, in this study we considered both acute and prolonged exposures. We found particulate Cr(VI) induced cytotoxicity in leatherback cells comparable to human cell data supporting current research that shows Cr(VI) impacts health across species. To better understand mechanisms of Cr(VI) toxicity we assessed the genotoxic effects of particulate Cr(VI) in human and leatherback cells. Particulate Cr(VI) induced similar genotoxicity in both cell lines, however, human cells arrested at lower concentrations than leatherback cells. We also measured intracellular Cr ion concentrations and found after prolonged exposure human cells accumulated more Cr than leatherback cells. These data indicate Cr(VI) is a health concern for humans and leatherbacks. The data also suggest humans and leatherbacks respond to chemical exposure differently, possibly leading to the discovery of species-specific protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Speer
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| | - Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| | - Tayler J Croom-Perez
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| | | | - Mark Martin-Bras
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America; Vieques Conservation and Historical Trust, 138 Calle Flamboyan, Vieques 00765, Puerto Rico
| | - Mike Barandiaran
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, State Rd 997 km 3.2, Vieques 00765, Puerto Rico
| | - Erick Bermúdez
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, State Rd 997 km 3.2, Vieques 00765, Puerto Rico
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America.
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9
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Speer RM, Wise CF, Young JL, Aboueissa AM, Martin Bras M, Barandiaran M, Bermúdez E, Márquez-D'Acunti L, Wise JP. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate and soluble hexavalent chromium in leatherback sea turtle lung cells. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 198:149-157. [PMID: 29547730 PMCID: PMC5915330 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a marine pollution of concern as recent studies show it has a global distribution, with some regions showing high Cr concentrations in marine animal tissue, and it is extensively used. Leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) are an endangered marine species that may experience prolonged exposures to environmental contaminants including Cr(VI). Human activities have led to global Cr(VI) contamination of the marine environment. While Cr(VI) has been identified as a known human carcinogen, the health effects in marine species are poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of particulate and soluble Cr(VI) in leatherback sea turtle lung cells. Both particulate and soluble Cr(VI) induced a concentration-dependent increase in cytotoxicity. Next, using a chromosome aberration assay, we assessed the genotoxic effects of Cr(VI) in leatherback sea turtle lung cells. Particulate and soluble Cr(VI) induced a concentration-dependent increase in clastogenicity in leatherback sea turtle lung cells. These data indicate that Cr(VI) may be a health concern for leatherback sea turtles and other long-lived marine species. Additionally, these data provide foundational support to use leatherback sea turtles as a valuable model species for monitoring the health effects of Cr(VI) in the environment and possibly as an indicator species to assess environmental human exposures and effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Speer
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, CTRB rm 522, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, USA.
| | - Catherine F Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, CTRB rm 522, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, USA; Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Box 7633, Raleigh NC 27695-7633, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
| | - Jamie L Young
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, CTRB rm 522, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, USA.
| | - AbouEl-Makarim Aboueissa
- Department of Math and Statistics, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
| | - Mark Martin Bras
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, CTRB rm 522, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, USA; Vieques Conservation and Historical Trust, 138 Calle Flamboyan, Vieques, Puerto Rico 00765, USA.
| | - Mike Barandiaran
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, State Rd 997 km 3.2, Vieques, Puerto Rico 00765, USA.
| | - Erick Bermúdez
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, State Rd 997 km 3.2, Vieques, Puerto Rico 00765, USA.
| | - Lirio Márquez-D'Acunti
- Vieques Conservation and Historical Trust, 138 Calle Flamboyan, Vieques, Puerto Rico 00765, USA.
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, CTRB rm 522, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292, USA.
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Young JL, Wise SS, Xie H, Zhu C, Fukuda T, Wise JP. Comparative cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of soluble and particulate hexavalent chromium in human and hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) skin cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 178:145-155. [PMID: 26440299 PMCID: PMC4669981 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromium is both a global marine pollutant and a known human health hazard. In this study, we compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of both soluble and particulate chromate in human and hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) skin fibroblasts. Our data show that both soluble and particulate Cr(VI) induce concentration-dependent increases in cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and intracellular Cr ion concentrations in both human and hawksbill sea turtle fibroblasts. Based on administered concentration, particulate and soluble Cr(VI) were more cytotoxic and clastogenic to human cells than sea turtle cells. When the analysis was based on the intracellular concentration of Cr, the data showed that the response of both species was similar. The one exception was the cytotoxicity of intracellular Cr ions from soluble Cr(VI), which caused more cytotoxicity in sea turtle cells (LC50=271μM) than that of human cells (LC50=471μM), but its clastogenicity was similar between the two species. Thus, adjusting for differences in uptake indicated that the explanation for the difference in potency was mostly due to uptake rather than differently affected mechanisms. Overall these data indicate that sea turtles may be a useful sentinel for human health responses to marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Young
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA
| | - Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - Tomokazu Fukuda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Second Research Building, Rm112, 1-1 Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
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11
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Wise CF, Wise SS, Thompson WD, Perkins C, Wise JP. Chromium Is Elevated in Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Skin Tissue and Is Genotoxic to Fin Whale Skin Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 166:108-17. [PMID: 25805270 PMCID: PMC4470778 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is present in the marine environment and is a known carcinogen and reproductive toxicant. Cr(VI) is the form of chromium that is well absorbed through the cell membrane. It is also the most prevalent form in seawater. We measured the total Cr levels in skin biopsies obtained from healthy free-ranging fin whales from the Gulf of Maine and found elevated levels relative to marine mammals in other parts of the world. The levels in fin whale biopsies ranged from 1.71 to 19.6 μg/g with an average level of 10.07 μg/g. We also measured the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Cr(VI) in fin whale skin cells. We found that particulate and soluble Cr(VI) are both cytotoxic and genotoxic to fin whale skin cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentration range used in our cell culture studies used environmentally relevant concentrations based on the biopsy measurements. These data suggest that Cr(VI) may be a concern for whales in the Gulf of Maine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F. Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Sandra S. Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - W. Douglas Thompson
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Christopher Perkins
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04104, USA
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12
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Wise SS, Xie H, Fukuda T, Douglas Thompson W, Wise JP. Hexavalent chromium is cytotoxic and genotoxic to hawksbill sea turtle cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 279:113-8. [PMID: 24952338 PMCID: PMC4134996 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sea turtles are a charismatic and ancient ocean species and can serve as key indicators for ocean ecosystems, including coral reefs and sea grass beds as well as coastal beaches. Genotoxicity studies in the species are absent, limiting our understanding of the impact of environmental toxicants on sea turtles. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a ubiquitous environmental problem worldwide, and recent studies show it is a global marine pollutant of concern. Thus, we evaluated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of soluble and particulate Cr(VI) in hawksbill sea turtle cells. Particulate Cr(VI) was both cytotoxic and genotoxic to sea turtle cells. Concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5μg/cm(2) lead chromate induced 108, 79, 54, and 7% relative survival, respectively. Additionally, concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5μg/cm(2) lead chromate induced damage in 4, 10, 15, 26, and 36% of cells and caused 4, 11, 17, 30, and 56 chromosome aberrations in 100 metaphases, respectively. For soluble Cr, concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5μM sodium chromate induced 84, 69, 46, 25, and 3% relative survival, respectively. Sodium chromate induced 3, 9, 9, 14, 21, and 29% of metaphases with damage, and caused 3, 10, 10, 16, 26, and 39 damaged chromosomes in 100 metaphases at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5μM sodium chromate, respectively. These data suggest that Cr(VI) may be a concern for hawksbill sea turtles and sea turtles in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
| | - Hong Xie
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
| | - Tomokazu Fukuda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tohoku University, Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Second Research Building, Rm 112, 1-1 Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
| | - W Douglas Thompson
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA; Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Science Building, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME 04103, USA.
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Li Chen T, LaCerte C, Wise SS, Holmes A, Martino J, Wise JP, Thompson WD, Wise JP. Comparative cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate and soluble hexavalent chromium in human and sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) skin cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 155:143-50. [PMID: 21466859 PMCID: PMC4084666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a global marine pollutant, present in marine mammal tissues. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known human carcinogen. In this study, we compare the cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of Cr(VI) in human (Homo sapiens) and sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) skin fibroblasts. Our data show that increasing concentrations of both particulate and soluble Cr(VI) induce increasing amounts of cytotoxicity and clastogenicity in human and sperm whale skin cells. Furthermore, the data show that sperm whale cells are resistant to these effects exhibiting less cytotoxicity and genotoxicity than the human cells. Differences in Cr uptake accounted for some but not all of the differences in particulate and soluble Cr(VI) genotoxicity, although it did explain the differences in particulate Cr(VI) cytotoxicity. Altogether, the data indicate that Cr(VI) is a genotoxic threat to whales, but also suggest that whales have evolved cellular mechanisms to protect them against the genotoxicity of environmental agents such as Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Li Chen
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
| | - Carolyne LaCerte
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Ocean Alliance, 191 Weston Rd., Lincoln, MA 01773 USA
| | - Sandra S. Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Ocean Alliance, 191 Weston Rd., Lincoln, MA 01773 USA
| | - Amie Holmes
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
| | - Julieta Martino
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Ocean Alliance, 191 Weston Rd., Lincoln, MA 01773 USA
| | - W. Douglas Thompson
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104 USA
- Ocean Alliance, 191 Weston Rd., Lincoln, MA 01773 USA
- Correspondence: Sr. Express Mail: 178 Science Building 96 Falmouth St. Portland, Maine 04103 Phone: (207) 228-8050; FAX: (207) 228-8518
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14
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Re: Toxic effects of various pollutants in 11B7501 lymphoma B cell line from harbour seal (Phoca vitulina). Toxicology 2011; 285:81-2. [PMID: 21497639 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Wise JP, Wise SS, LaCerte C, Wise JP, Aboueissa AM. The genotoxicity of particulate and soluble chromate in sperm whale (physeter macrocephalus) skin fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2011; 52:43-9. [PMID: 20839228 PMCID: PMC4966527 DOI: 10.1002/em.20579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is a marine pollutant of concern, both for the health of ocean ecosystems and for public health. Hexavalent chromium is known to induce genotoxicity in human and other terrestrial mammals. It is also known to be present in both water and air in the marine environment. However, currently there are limited data concerning both chromium levels and its toxicological effects in marine mammals. This study investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of soluble and particulate hexavalent chromium in sperm whale skin fibroblasts. Both forms of hexavalent chromium induced concentration-dependent increases in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity indicating that these compounds can be a health risk if the whales are exposed to them. These data support a hypothesis that chromium is a concern in the marine environment in general and for the health of sperm whales in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Ocean Alliance, Lincoln, Massachusetts
| | - Sandra S. Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Ocean Alliance, Lincoln, Massachusetts
| | - Carolyne LaCerte
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Department of Applied Medical Science, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Ocean Alliance, Lincoln, Massachusetts
| | - AbouEl-Makarim Aboueissa
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine
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Wise JP, Wise SS, Holmes AL, LaCerte C, Shaffiey F, Aboueissa AM. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of hexavalent chromium in Steller sea lion lung fibroblasts compared to human lung fibroblasts. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 152:91-8. [PMID: 20211760 PMCID: PMC2862134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study we directly compared soluble and particulate chromate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human (Homo sapiens) and sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) lung fibroblasts. Our results show that hexavalent chromium induces increased cell death and chromosome damage in both human and sea lion cells with increasing intracellular chromium ion levels. The data further indicate that both sodium chromate and lead chromate are less cytotoxic and genotoxic to sea lion cells than human cells, based on an administered dose. Differences in chromium ion uptake explained some but not all of the reduced amounts of sodium chromate-induced cell death. By contrast, uptake differences could explain the differences in sodium chromate-induced chromosome damage and particulate chromate-induced toxicity. Altogether they indicate that while hexavalent chromium induces similar toxic effects in sea lion and human cells, there are different mechanisms underlying the toxic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St. Portland, ME 04104-9300, USA.
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Chen TL, Wise SS, Holmes A, Shaffiey F, Wise JP, Thompson WD, Kraus S, Wise JP. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of hexavalent chromium in human and North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) lung cells. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 150:487-94. [PMID: 19632355 PMCID: PMC4048704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Humans and cetaceans are exposed to a wide range of contaminants. In this study, we compared the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of a metal pollutant, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], which has been shown to cause damage in lung cells from both humans and North Atlantic right whales. Our results show that Cr induces increased cell death and chromosome damage in lung cells from both species with increasing intracellular Cr ion levels. Soluble Cr(VI) induced less of a cytotoxic and genotoxic effect based on administered dose in right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) cells than in human (Homo sapiens) cells. Whereas, particulate Cr(VI) induced a similar cytotoxic effect but less of a genotoxic effect based on administered dose in right whale cells than in human cells. Differences in chromium ion uptake explained soluble chromate-induced cell death but not all of the soluble chromate-induced chromosome damage. Uptake differences of lead ions could explain the differences in particulate chromate-induced toxicity. The data show that both forms of Cr(VI) are less genotoxic to right whale than human lung cells, and that soluble Cr(VI) induces a similar cytotoxic effect in both right whale and human cells, while particulate Cr(VI) is more cytotoxic to right whale lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Li Chen
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - Sandra S. Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - Amie Holmes
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - Fariba Shaffiey
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - W. Douglas Thompson
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
| | - Scott Kraus
- New England Aquarium, Edgerton Research Laboratory, Central Wharf, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME. 04104, USA
- New England Aquarium, Edgerton Research Laboratory, Central Wharf, Boston, MA 02110, USA
- Mystic Aquarium, 55 Coogan Blvd., Mystic, CT 06355, USA
- Ocean Alliance, 191 Weston Rd., Lincoln, MA 01773, USA
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Li Chen T, Wise SS, Kraus S, Shaffiey F, Levine KM, Thompson WD, Romano T, O'Hara T, Wise JP. Particulate hexavalent chromium is cytotoxic and genotoxic to the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) lung and skin fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2009; 50:387-393. [PMID: 19230002 DOI: 10.1002/em.20471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium compounds are present in the atmosphere and oceans and are established mutagens and carcinogens in human and terrestrial mammals. However, the adverse effects of these toxicants in marine mammals are uncertain. Previously, we reported that North Atlantic right whales, one of the most endangered great whales, have tissue chromium levels that are high, levels that may pose a risk to the whale's health. Furthermore, the study suggested that inhalation may be an important exposure route. Exposure to chromium through inhalation is mainly because of particulate compounds. However, the toxicity of particulate chromium compounds in marine mammal cells is unknown. Accordingly, in this study, we tested the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of particulate hexavalent chromium in primary cultured lung and skin fibroblasts from the endangered North Atlantic right whale. Cytotoxicity was measured by clonogenic survival assay, and genotoxicity was measured as production of chromosome aberrations. Particulate hexavalent chromium induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in both right whale lung and skin fibroblasts. Lung fibroblasts were more resistant to chromium cytotoxicity, but presented with more chromosome damage than skin fibroblasts. These data further support the hypothesis that chromium may be a health concern for the endangered North Atlantic right whale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Li Chen
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine 04103, USA
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