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Baekelandt J, Jespers A, Huber D, Badiglian-Filho L, Stuart A, Chuang L, Ali O, Burnett A. vNOTES retroperitoneal sentinel lymph node dissection for endometrial cancer staging: First multicenter, prospective case series. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024. [PMID: 38623778 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current standard treatment for endometrial cancer is a laparoscopic hysterectomy with adnexectomies and bilateral sentinel node resection. A retroperitoneal vNOTES sentinel node resection has several theoretical potential advantages. These include being less invasive, leaving no visible scars, operating without Trendelenburg, and therefore offering the anesthetic advantage of easier ventilation in obese patients and following the natural lymph node trajectory from caudally to cranially and therefore a lower risk of missing the sentinel node. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a retroperitoneal vNOTES approach to sentinel lymph node dissection for staging of endometrial cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective multicenter case series was performed in four hospitals. A total of 64 women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma suitable for surgical staging with sentinel lymph node removal were operated via a transvaginal retroperitoneal vNOTES approach. The paravesical space was entered through a vaginal incision after injecting the cervix with indocyanine green. A vNOTES port was placed into this space and insufflation of the retroperitoneum was performed. Sentinel lymph nodes were identified bilaterally using near-infrared light followed by endoscopic removal of these nodes. RESULTS A total of 64 women with early-stage endometrial cancer underwent sentinel lymph node removal by retroperitoneal vNOTES technique. All patients also underwent subsequent vNOTES hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The median age was 69.5 years, median total operative time was 126 min and the median estimated blood loss was 80 mL. In 97% of the cases bilateral sentinel nodes could be identified. A total of 60 patients had negative sentinel nodes, three had isolated tumor cells and one had macroscopically positive sentinel nodes. No complications with sequel occurred. CONCLUSIONS This prospective multicenter case series demonstrates the feasibility of the vNOTES approach for identifying and removing sentinel lymph nodes in women with endometrial carcinoma successfully and safely. vNOTES allows sole transvaginal access with exposure of the entire retroperitoneal space, following the natural lymph trajectory caudally to cranially, and without the need for a Trendelenburg position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Baekelandt
- Department of Gynecology, Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Astrid Jespers
- Department of Gynecology, Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Daniela Huber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sion Hospital, Sion, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Stuart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linus Chuang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Nuvance Health, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Oudai Ali
- Department of Gynecology, Epsom and St Helier University, London, UK
| | - Alexander Burnett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- The Winthrop P Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Bierbrier R, Javelle E, Norman FF, Chen LH, Bottieau E, Schwartz E, Leder K, Angelo KM, Stoney RJ, Libman M, Hamer DH, Huits R, Connor BA, Simon F, Barkati S. Chikungunya infection in returned travellers: results from the geo sentinel network, 2005-2020. J Travel Med 2024; 31:taae005. [PMID: 38195993 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya is an important travel-related disease because of its rapid geographical expansion and potential for prolonged morbidity. Improved understanding of the epidemiology of travel-related chikungunya infections may influence prevention strategies including education and vaccination. METHODS We analysed data from travellers with confirmed or probable chikungunya reported to GeoSentinel sites from 2005 to 2020. Confirmed chikungunya was defined as a compatible clinical history plus either virus isolation, positive nucleic acid test or seroconversion/rising titre in paired sera. Probable chikungunya was defined as a compatible clinical history with a single positive serology result. RESULTS 1202 travellers (896 confirmed and 306 probable) with chikungunya were included. The median age was 43 years (range 0-91; interquartile range [IQR]: 31-55); 707 (58.8%) travellers were female. Most infections were acquired in the Caribbean (28.8%), Southeast Asia (22.8%), South Central Asia (14.2%) and South America (14.2%). The highest numbers of chikungunya cases reported to GeoSentinel were in 2014 (28.3%), 2015 (14.3%) and 2019 (11.9%). The most frequent reasons for travel were tourism (n = 592; 49.3%) and visiting friends or relatives (n = 334; 27.7%). The median time to presentation to a GeoSentinel site was 23 days (IQR: 7-52) after symptom onset. In travellers with confirmed chikungunya and no other reported illnesses, the most frequently reported symptoms included musculoskeletal symptoms (98.8%), fever/chills/sweats (68.7%) and dermatologic symptoms (35.5%). Among 917 travellers with information available, 296 (32.3%) had a pretravel consultation. CONCLUSIONS Chikungunya was acquired by international travellers in almost 100 destinations globally. Vector precautions and vaccination where recommended should be integrated into pretravel visits for travellers going to areas with chikungunya or areas with the potential for transmission. Continued surveillance of travel-related chikungunya may help public health officials and clinicians limit the transmission of this potentially debilitating disease by defining regions where protective measures (e.g. pretravel vaccination) should be strongly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bierbrier
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The J. D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emilie Javelle
- Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13284 Marseille, France
| | - Francesca F Norman
- National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, CIBERINFEC, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lin Hwei Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emmanuel Bottieau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eli Schwartz
- The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University , 6997801 Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Karin Leder
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University and Victorian Infectious Disease Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kristina M Angelo
- Travelers' Health Branch, Division of Global Migration and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Rhett J Stoney
- Travelers' Health Branch, Division of Global Migration and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Michael Libman
- The J. D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Davidson H Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02218, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02218, USA
- Center for Emerging Infectious Disease Policy and Research, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory, Boston, MA 02218, USA
| | - Ralph Huits
- Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy
| | - Bradley A Connor
- Weill Cornell Medical College and the New York Center for Travel and Tropical Medicine, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | | | - Sapha Barkati
- The J. D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Ferguson AJ, Thompson GR, Bruyette D, Sykes JE. The dog as a sentinel and animal model for coccidioidomycosis. Med Mycol 2024; 62:myad139. [PMID: 38148116 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis is a potentially fatal fungal disease of humans and animals that follows inhalation of Coccidioides spp. arthroconidia in the environment. The disease in dogs resembles that in people, and because dogs may be at increased risk of exposure due to their proximity to the ground and digging behavior, they are valuable models for the disease in humans. Dogs have been sentinels for identification of new regions of endemicity in Washington and Texas. Canine serosurveillance has also been used to predict variables associated with environmental presence of Coccidioides spp. Expansion of the endemic region of coccidioidomycosis with climate change-along with predicted population increases and increased development in the southwest United States-may result in 45.4 million additional people at risk of infection by 2090. Here we provide an overview of the value of dogs as sentinels for the disease and encourage the routine reporting of coccidioidomycosis cases in dogs to public health agencies. We also highlight the value of dogs as naturally occurring models for studying novel treatment options and preventatives, such as a novel live avirulent coccidioidomycosis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Ferguson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - George R Thompson
- Department of Internal Medicine - Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California-Davis, Davis, USA
| | | | - Jane E Sykes
- Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, Davis, USA
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Kwong FL, Scerif M, Yap JK. Sentinel lymph node biopsy based on anatomical landmarks and locoregional mapping of inguinofemoral sentinel lymph nodes in women with vulval cancer: an operative technique. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2207205. [PMID: 37170959 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2207205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Inguinal lymph node involvement is the most robust predictor of mortality in vulval cancer and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a safe diagnostic modality. We describe a technique based on anatomical landmarks. Our aims are (1) to describe the territorial mapping of SLNs, (2) to evaluate the associated complication rate vis-à-vis those reported in the literature, and (3) to assess its accuracy in detecting SLNs. Data from women who underwent groin SLN biopsies for vulval cancer at a single cancer centre were prospectively collected. All subjects met the GROINSS-V eligibility criteria. The location of the SLN relative to the saphenous vein was recorded. All women were followed up and early and late complications were recorded. The recurrence rate at the time of the census was calculated. A total of 71 groins in 44 women were included. The SLN was primarily located over Cloquet's node (85.2%). The incidence of early wound cellulitis and dehiscence were 2.8% and 11.3% while lymphocysts were present in 11.3% of groins. The negative nodal recurrence rate was 1.7%. Results showed that this reproducible technique allows access to 96.7% of SLNs, including both deep and superficial SLNs whilst minimising the need for extensive dissection and complications associated with overharvesting of lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong Lien Kwong
- PanBirmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Miski Scerif
- PanBirmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jason Kw Yap
- PanBirmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Amoroso EM. Regional differences in the utilization and outcomes of cerebral embolic protection during transcatheter aortic valve replacement: an analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2017 through 2019. J Comp Eff Res 2023; 12:e230010. [PMID: 37724712 PMCID: PMC10690440 DOI: 10.57264/cer-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the utilization and outcomes of cerebral embolic protection (CEP) during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) by USA region, using discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Patients & methods: All TAVR discharge encounters from June 2017-2019 were included in the analysis. Discharge encounters with bicuspid anatomy were excluded. Regional CEP utilization rates were reported. For TAVR cases performed with the Sentinel CEP device (Boston Scientific, MA, USA), multivariable logistic regression was performed to model regional differences in TAVR outcomes including: stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke/TIA combined, and in-hospital all-cause mortality. Generalized linear regression models were used to assess regional differences in length of stay (LOS) and hospital charges. Results: The Northeast had the greatest overall CEP utilization rate (11.3%), followed by the Midwest (11.1%), West (8.7%), then South (3.1%). Compared with the Northeast, the South was associated with a lower risk of stroke (OR: 0.267, 95% CI: 0.106-0.673; p = 0.005), and the West a higher risk of stroke (OR: 1.583, 95% CI: 1.044-2.401; p = 0.031). Compared with the Northeast, the West was associated with a higher risk of stroke/TIA combined (OR: 1.618, 95% CI: 1.107-2.364; p = 0.013). Compared with the Northeast, the Midwest (OR: 4.501, 95% CI: 2.229-9.089; p < 0.001) and West (OR: 5.316, 95% CI: 2.611-10.824; p < 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality. Adjusted charges and LOS were highest in the West. Conclusion: Within the USA, there are regional differences in the utilization and outcomes of CEP use during TAVR. To prevent regional disparities and ensure consistent quality of care in the USA, further research is needed to determine what variable(s) may be responsible for regional differences in TAVR outcomes, with or without CEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Amoroso
- Department of Health Services Administration, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA
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Varga Z, Bíró A, Török M, Tóth D. A combined approach for individualized lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer patients. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1611270. [PMID: 37456519 PMCID: PMC10338685 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1611270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common cancer globally. The presence of lymph node metastasis is a significant prognostic factor influencing survival. Postoperative morbidity and nodal staging accuracy are heavily affected by the extent of lymph node dissection. Our study aimed to explore the potential integration of two contemporary methods, sentinel node navigation surgery (SNNS) and the Maruyama Computer Program (MCP), to improve the accuracy of nodal staging. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective data collection involving patients with gastric adenocarcinoma from 2008 to 2018 at the Department of Surgery, University of Debrecen, Hungary. Data from 100 consecutive patients were collected. The primary and secondary endpoints included evaluating the rate of node-negative patients and the diagnostic accuracy of our combined approach. Results: Sentinel node mapping was successful in 97 out of 100 patients. We found that using the threshold value of the Maruyama Index (MI) ≥ 28, all metastatic stations of sentinel-node-negative patients could be identified. Our method achieved 100% sensitivity and negative predictive value, with a specificity of 60.42% (95% CI = 46.31%-72.98%). Discussion: The combined application of SNNS and MCP has proven to be an effective diagnostic technique in the synergistic approach for identifying metastasis-positive lymph node stations. Despite its limitations, this combination may assist clinicians in customizing lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Varga
- Department of Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Bíró
- Department of Surgery, Moritz Kaposi General Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Miklós Török
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dezső Tóth
- Department of Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Van Trappen P, Lebbe I, De Cuypere E, Claes N. Case report: a robotic-vaginal approach for total vaginectomy and hysterectomy with pelvic sentinel lymph node dissection in primary vaginal melanoma: a 10-step technique and literature review. Front Surg 2023; 10:1189196. [PMID: 37304184 PMCID: PMC10250735 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1189196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primary vaginal melanoma is extremely rare, has a poor prognosis, and occurs mostly in elderly women. The diagnosis is based on histology and immunohistochemistry of a biopsy. Given the rarity of vaginal melanoma, no standardized treatment guidelines are established; however, surgery is the primary treatment modality in the absence of metastatic disease. Most reports in the literature are retrospective single cases, case series, and population-based studies. The open surgical approach is the main modality reported. Here, we report for the first time a 10-step combined robotic-vaginal technique, with en bloc resection of the uterus and total vagina, for treating clinically early-stage primary vaginal melanoma. In addition, the patient in our case underwent a robotic pelvic bilateral sentinel lymph node dissection. The literature on the surgical approach for vaginal melanoma is reviewed. Case presentation A 73-year-old woman was referred to our tertiary cancer center and was clinically staged according to the 2009 International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging for vaginal cancer as FIGO-stage I (cT1bN0M0) and according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for (cutaneous) Melanoma Staging as clinical stage IB. Preoperative imaging with magnetic resonance imaging, FDG-positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and ultrasound of the groins did not reveal any adenopathy nor metastases. The patient was planned for a combined vaginal and robotic en bloc total vaginectomy and hysterectomy, as well as a pelvic bilateral sentinel lymph node dissection. Results The surgical procedure was performed in 10 steps described in this case report. The pathology revealed free surgical margins and negative test results for all sentinel lymph nodes. The postoperative recovery process was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on day 5. Conclusion The main surgical approach reported for primary early-stage vaginal melanoma is open surgery. A minimally invasive surgical approach, described here as a combined vaginal-robotic en bloc total vaginectomy and hysterectomy, for the surgical treatment of early-stage vaginal melanoma enables precise dissection, low surgical morbidity, and fast recovery for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Van Trappen
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Ines Lebbe
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Eveline De Cuypere
- Department of Medical Oncology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Nele Claes
- Department of Medical Oncology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
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Karam Q, Guermazi W, Subrahmanyam MNV, Al-Enezi Y, Ali M, Leignel V, Annabi-Trabelsi N. Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) as a Sentinel Species to Assess Trace Metal Occurrence: A Case Study of Kuwait Waters (Northwestern Arabian Gulf). Toxics 2023; 11:toxics11050426. [PMID: 37235241 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution can adversely impact marine life, such as crabs, which can accumulate it in different organs and potentially transfer and biomagnify along the food chain in aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to examine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in sediment, water, and crab tissues (gills, hepatopancreas, and carapace) of the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus in the coastal areas of Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf. Samples were collected from Shuwaikh Port, Shuaiba Port, and Al-Khiran areas. The accumulation of metals in crabs were higher in the carapace > gill > digestive gland, and the highest metal concentration was found in crabs collected from Shuwaikh > Shuaiba > Al-Khiran. The metal concentrations in the sediments were in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Zn was the highest metal concentration detected in marine water sampled from the Al-Khiran Area, whereas the lowest metal was Cd sampled in water from the Shuwaikh Area. The results of this study validate the marine crab P. pelagicus as a relevant sentinel and prospective bioindicator for evaluating heavy metal pollution in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qusaie Karam
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Wassim Guermazi
- Université de Sfax, Biodiversité Marine et Environnement (LR18ES30), Route Soukra Km 3.5, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - M N V Subrahmanyam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Yousef Al-Enezi
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
| | - Vincent Leignel
- Laboratoire BIOSSE, Le Mans Université, 72000 Avenue O Messiaen, France
| | - Neila Annabi-Trabelsi
- Université de Sfax, Biodiversité Marine et Environnement (LR18ES30), Route Soukra Km 3.5, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
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Maison RM, Priore MR, Brown VR, Bodenchuk MJ, Borlee BR, Bowen RA, Bosco-Lauth AM. Feral Swine as Indirect Indicators of Environmental Anthrax Contamination and Potential Mechanical Vectors of Infectious Spores. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040622. [PMID: 37111508 PMCID: PMC10142851 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthrax is a disease that affects livestock, wildlife, and humans worldwide; however, its relative impacts on these populations remain underappreciated. Feral swine (Sus scrofa) are relatively resistant to developing anthrax, and past serosurveys have alluded to their utility as sentinels, yet empirical data to support this are lacking. Moreover, whether feral swine may assist in the dissemination of infectious spores is unknown. To address these knowledge gaps, we intranasally inoculated 15 feral swine with varying quantities of Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2 spores and measured the seroconversion and bacterial shedding over time. The animals also were inoculated either one or three times. The sera were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies against B. anthracis, and nasal swabs were cultured to detect bacterial shedding from the nasal passages. We report that the feral swine developed antibody responses to B. anthracis and that the strength of the response correlated with the inoculum dose and the number of exposure events experienced. Isolation of viable bacteria from the nasal passages of the animals throughout the study period suggests that feral swine may assist in the spread of infectious spores on the landscape and have implications for the identification of environments contaminated with B. anthracis as well as the exposure risk to more susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Maison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Maggie R Priore
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Vienna R Brown
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Michael J Bodenchuk
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, San Antonio, TX 78269, USA
| | - Bradley R Borlee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Richard A Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Angela M Bosco-Lauth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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Maeder M, Auderset D, Borel B, Masserey E, Schwarz J, Mueller Y. Trends in COVID-Related Activity in Sentinel Family Medicine Practices: An Observational Study. Int J Public Health 2023; 67:1605361. [PMID: 36726524 PMCID: PMC9884669 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: During the COVID pandemic, data collected in family medicine were scarce. The COVID-FM project aimed to monitor trends of COVID-related activity in family medicine practices of the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, during the year 2021. Methods: Practitioners were invited to join an ad hoc sentinel surveillance system. Online data collection was based on daily activity reports and monthly questionnaires. Participants categorized daily counts of consultations and phone calls into predefined categories. Data were reported and discussed on a weekly basis with public health authorities. Results: On the target of 50 physicians, 37 general physicians from 32 practices finally constituted the COVID-FM sentinel network, contributing to 901 practice-weeks of surveillance in family medicine and 604 in paediatrics. In paediatrics, COVID-related activity corresponded mostly to COVID-19 diagnostic consultations (2911/25990 face-to-face consultations = 11.2%) while in family medicine, other COVID-related topics-such as questions on vaccination-predominated (4143/42221 = 9.8%). Conclusion: COVID-related consultations constituted an important part of primary care practices' activity in 2021. Monitoring COVID-related activity in primary care provided health authorities with valuable information to guide public health action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Maeder
- Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diane Auderset
- Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joëlle Schwarz
- Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yolanda Mueller
- Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Yolanda Mueller,
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Rubatto M, Picciotto F, Moirano G, Fruttero E, Caliendo V, Borriello S, Sciamarrelli N, Fava P, Senetta R, Lesca A, Sapino A, Deandreis D, Ribero S, Quaglino P. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Malignant Melanoma of the Head and Neck: A Single Center Experience. J Clin Med 2023; 12. [PMID: 36675481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated the characteristics of patients with head and neck (H&N) melanoma who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNLB) and assessed the clinical course of patients categorizing subjects according to SLNB status and melanoma location (scalp area vs. non-scalp areas). Methods: Patients undergoing SLNB for melanoma of H&N from 2015 to 2021 were prospectively characterized according to sentinel lymph node (SLN) status. SPECT/CT had been previously performed. Patients were followed until the first adverse event to evaluate progression-free survival. Results: 93 patients were enrolled. SLNB was negative in 75 patients. The median Breslow index was higher for patients with positive SLNB compared with patients with negative SLNB. In addition, the Breslow index was higher for melanoma of the scalp compared with non-scalp melanoma. The median follow-up was 24.8 months. Progression occurred at the systemic level in the 62.5% of cases. There was a significant association between positive SLNB and progression (p-value < 0.01) of disease, with lower progression-free survival for patients with melanoma of the scalp compared with those with melanoma at other anatomic sites (p-value: 0.15). Conclusions: Scalp melanomas are more aggressive than other types of H&N melanomas. Sentinel lymph node status is the strongest prognostic criterion for recurrence.
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Blanco J, Arévalo F, Moroño Á, Correa J, Rossignoli AE, Lamas JP. Spirolides in Bivalve Mollusk of the Galician (NW Spain) Coast: Interspecific, Spatial, Temporal Variation and Presence of an Isomer of 13-Desmethyl Spirolide C. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:13. [PMID: 36668833 PMCID: PMC9861247 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirolides are cyclic imines whose risks to human health have not been sufficiently evaluated. To determine the possible impact of these compounds in Galicia (NW Spain), their presence and concentration in bivalve mollusk were studied from 2014 to 2021. Only 13-desmethyl spirolide C (13desmSPXC) and an isomer have been detected, and always at low concentrations. Mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, was the species which accumulated more spirolides, but the presence of its isomer was nearly restricted to cockle, Cerastoderma edule, and two clam species, Venerupis corrugata and Polititapes rhomboides. On average, the highest 13desmSPXC levels were found in autumn-winter, while those of its isomer were recorded in spring-summer. Both compounds showed decreasing trends during the study period. Geographically, the concentration tends to decrease from the southern to the north-eastern locations, but temporal variability predominates over spatial variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Blanco
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Corón, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Fabiola Arévalo
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño de Galicia (INTECMAR), Xunta de Galicia, Peirao de Vilaxoán s/n, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain
| | - Ángeles Moroño
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño de Galicia (INTECMAR), Xunta de Galicia, Peirao de Vilaxoán s/n, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain
| | - Jorge Correa
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño de Galicia (INTECMAR), Xunta de Galicia, Peirao de Vilaxoán s/n, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain
| | - Araceli E. Rossignoli
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Corón, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Lamas
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño de Galicia (INTECMAR), Xunta de Galicia, Peirao de Vilaxoán s/n, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain
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von Kemp MJ, Floré V, Lau CW, De Sutter J, Provenier F, Cornelis K. Impact of routine use of a cerebral protection device on the TAVR procedure and its short-term outcomes: a single-centre experience. Acta Cardiol 2022; 77:922-929. [PMID: 36044035 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2022.2111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a major concern in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The introduction of a cerebral protection devices may counteract the evolution towards minimally invasive TAVR. At this time, there is insufficient data to support the routine use of these devices. METHODS We aimed to evaluate the outcome of the routine use of the Sentinel Cerebral protection system® (CPS) in patients undergoing TAVR, after completing a CT-based screening process for feasibility of Sentinel implantation. We report our initial experience with the routine implementation of the Sentinel CPS in all anatomically suitable patients undergoing TAVR. We retrospectively compared the procedural characteristics and outcomes between all TAVR patients treated with (n = 78) and without (n = 79) intended Sentinel. RESULTS The Sentinel CPS could successfully be deployed in 99% of intended cases after CT feasibility screening. TAVR procedures with Sentinel CPS were not longer than procedures without Sentinel use (89 ± 20 versus 120 ± 50 min, p = 0.007). Sentinel CPS use was not associated with an increased risk of procedural complications. Stroke was observed in none (0%) of the Sentinel CPS patients, and in 6.3% of the non-Sentinel CPS patients (p = 0.05). The finding of stroke was associated with a high risk of early postprocedural mortality: 60% of stroke patients died within 3 months. CONCLUSION Routine use of the Sentinel CPS in CT-screened TAVR patients is feasible with high procedural success, without significant adverse events and without counteracting the evolution towards minimally invasive TAVR. Clinically relevant stroke was observed in none of the Sentinel CPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnix J von Kemp
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium.,Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Departement Cardiologie, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Vincent Floré
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chirik Wah Lau
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan De Sutter
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Provenier
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristoff Cornelis
- Cardiology Department, Hartcentrum, AZ Maria Middelares, Ghent, Belgium
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Esser HJ, Lim SM, de Vries A, Sprong H, Dekker DJ, Pascoe EL, Bakker JW, Suin V, Franz E, Martina BEE, Koenraadt CJM. Continued Circulation of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Variants and Detection of Novel Transmission Foci, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2416-2424. [PMID: 36288572 PMCID: PMC9707572 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.220552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging pathogen that was first detected in ticks and humans in the Netherlands in 2015 (ticks) and 2016 (humans). To learn more about its distribution and prevalence in the Netherlands, we conducted large-scale surveillance in ticks and rodents during August 2018-September 2020. We tested 320 wild rodents and >46,000 ticks from 48 locations considered to be at high risk for TBEV circulation. We found TBEV RNA in 3 rodents (0.9%) and 7 tick pools (minimum infection rate 0.02%) from 5 geographically distinct foci. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that 3 different variants of the TBEV-Eu subtype circulate in the Netherlands, suggesting multiple independent introductions. Combined with recent human cases outside known TBEV hotspots, our data demonstrate that the distribution of TBEV in the Netherlands is more widespread than previously thought.
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Linehan CJ, Nelson T, Bailey CV, Gel E, Coonrod DV, Roth CK. Sentinel Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Rates and Equity Impacts using Labor and Delivery Patients in Phoenix, Arizona. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102049. [PMCID: PMC9637539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proactive management of SARS-CoV-2 requires timely and complete population data to track the evolution of the virus and identify at risk populations. However, many cases are asymptomatic and are not easily discovered through traditional testing efforts. Sentinel surveillance can be used to estimate the prevalence of infections for geographical areas but requires identification of sentinels who are representative of the larger population. Our goal is to evaluate applicability of a population of labor and delivery patients for sentinel surveillance system for monitoring the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We tested 5307 labor and delivery patients from two hospitals in Phoenix, Arizona, finding 195 SARS-CoV-2 positive. Most positive cases were associated with people who were asymptomatic (79.44%), similar to statewide rates. Our results add to the growing body of evidence that SARS-CoV-2 disproportionately impacts people of color, with Black people having the highest positive rates (5.92%). People with private medical insurance had the lowest positive rates (2.53%), while Medicaid patients had a positive rate of 5.54% and people without insurance had the highest positive rates (6.12%). With diverse people reporting for care and being tested regardless of symptoms, labor and delivery patients may serve as ideal sentinels for asymptomatic detection of SARS-CoV-2 and monitoring impacts across a wide range of social and economic classes. A more robust system for infectious disease management requires the expanded participation of additional hospitals so that the sentinels are more representative of the population at large, reflecting geographic and neighborhood level patterns of infection and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn J. Linehan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Geography, 4806 Ellison Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, United States
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Dreyer S, Globig A, Bachmann L, Schütz AK, Schaufler K, Homeier-Bachmann T. Longitudinal Study on Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-E. coli in Sentinel Mallard Ducks in an Important Baltic Stop-Over Site for Migratory Ducks in Germany. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1968. [PMID: 36296245 PMCID: PMC9612239 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global health threat with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales as the most critical ones. Studies on AMR in wild birds imply a possible dissemination function and indicate their potential role as sentinel animals. This study aimed to gain a deeper insight into the AMR burden of wild waterfowl by sampling semi-wild mallard ducks used as sentinels and to identify if AMR bacteria could be recommended to be added to the pathogens of public health risks to be screened for. In total, 376 cloacal and pooled fecal samples were collected from the sentinel plant over a period of two years. Samples were screened for ESBL-carrying E. coli and isolates found further analyzed using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Over the sampling period, 4.26% (16/376) of the samples were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli. BlaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-32 were the most abundant CTX-M types. Although none of the top global sequence types (ST) could be detected, poultry-derived ST115 and non-poultry-related STs were found and could be followed over time. The current study revealed low cases of ESBL-producing E. coli in semi-wild mallard ducks, which proves the suitability of sentinel surveillance for AMR detection in water-associated wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Dreyer
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anja Globig
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lisa Bachmann
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Applied Science Neubrandenburg, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Anne K. Schütz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Tang C, Ye Z, Long J, Liu Z, Zhang T, Xu X, Lin H. Mapping forest and site quality of planted Chinese fir forest using sentinel images. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:949598. [PMID: 36267948 PMCID: PMC9577201 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Normally, forest quality (FQ) and site quality (SQ) play an important role in evaluating actual and potential forest productivity. Traditionally, these assessment indices (FQ and SQ) are mainly based on forest parameters extracted from ground measurement (forest height, age, density, forest stem volume (FSV), and DBH), which is labor-intensive and difficult to access in certain remote forest areas. Recently, remote sensing images combined with a small number of samples were gradually applied to map forest parameters because of the various advantages of remote sensing technology, such as low cost, spatial coverage, and high efficiency. However, FQ and SQ related to forest parameters are rarely estimated using remote sensing images and machine learning models. In this study, the Sentinel images and ground samples of planted Chinese fir forest located in the ecological "green-core" area of Changzhutan urban cluster, were initially employed to explore the feasibility of mapping the FQ and SQ. And then, four types of alternative variables (backscattering coefficients (VV and VH), multi-spectral bands, vegetation indices, and texture characteristics) were extracted from Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-2A images, respectively. After selecting variables using a stepwise regression model, three machine learning models (SVR, RF, and KNN) were employed to estimate various forest parameters. Finally, the FQ of the study region was directly mapped by the weights sum of related factors extracted by the factor analysis method, and the SQ was also extracted using mapped forest height and age. The results illustrated that the accuracy of estimated forest parameters (DBH, H, and Age) was significantly higher than FSV, FCC, and Age and the largest and smallest rRMSEs were observed from FSV (0.38~0.40) and forest height (0.20~0.21), respectively. Using mapped forest parameters, it also resulted that the rRMSEs of estimated FQ and SQ were 0.19 and 0.15, respectively. Furthermore, after normalization and grading, the grades of forest quality were mainly concentrated in grades I, II, and III in the study region. Though the accuracy of mapping FQ and SQ is limited by the saturation phenomenon, it is significantly proved that using machine learning models and Sentinel images has great potential to indirectly map FQ and SQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjian Tang
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha, China
| | - Zilin Ye
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangping Long
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohua Liu
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha, China
| | - Tingchen Zhang
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha, China
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Koutroumpa I, Diakosavvas M, Sotiropoulou M, Pergialiotis V, Angelou K, Liontos M, Haidopoulos D, Bamias A, Rodolakis A, Thomakos N. Identification and Biopsy of Sentinel Lymph Node in Early-Stage Cervical Carcinoma: Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility. Cureus 2022; 14:e23838. [PMID: 35530888 PMCID: PMC9070105 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the subsequent complications of pelvic lymphadenectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer, the sentinel lymph node (SLN) technique has been increasingly employed. This study aimed to investigate the detectability of SLN using methylene blue and explore the diagnostic accuracy of SLN biopsy. Methodology A study was conducted from September 2015 to August 2018 and included 90 women with cervical cancer, FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics-2009) stage IA1-IIA1. Methylene blue was injected intracervically. Any detected dyed nodes were sent for frozen section biopsy, followed by bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. The predictive ability of SLN was evaluated in statistical terms after comparison of intraoperative biopsy and final histopathology. Results The sensitivity, specificity, false-negative rate, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) were 55.6%, 95.1%, 4.9%, 55.6%, and 95.1%, respectively. The SLN performance in patients with tumor size ≤2.2 cm, negative lymphovascular space involvement, and depth of stromal invasion ≤5 mm was superior (sensitivity 100%, specificity 93.5%, NPV 100%). Conclusions The SLN technique with blue dye alone is a feasible and adequate alternative to systematic lymphadenectomy in early-stage cervical cancer in selected patients, given that a strict algorithm is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Koutroumpa
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Michail Diakosavvas
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Maria Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pathology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Kyveli Angelou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Michalis Liontos
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Dimitrios Haidopoulos
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Aristotelis Bamias
- 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Alexandros Rodolakis
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Nikolaos Thomakos
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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Ogorek JM, Lepak RF, Hoffman JC, DeWild JF, Rosera TJ, Tate MT, Hurley JP, Krabbenhoft DP. Enhanced Susceptibility of Methylmercury Bioaccumulation into Seston of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:12714-12723. [PMID: 34460225 PMCID: PMC10630952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury concentrations in the Laurentian Great Lakes waters are among the lowest reported in the literature, while game fish concentrations approach consumption advisory limits, particularly in Lakes Superior, Huron, and Michigan, indicating efficient methylmercury transfer from water to game fish. To determine if increased transfer efficiency is evident within the lower food web, we measured (2010-2018) mercury and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water, and in size-sieved seston, dietary tracers (carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios), phytoplankton methylmercury bioaccumulation, and methylmercury biomagnification between increasing seston size fractions. We observed consistently low filter-passing methylmercury (<0.010 ng L-1) and comparatively variable DOC (1.1 to 3.4 mg L-1) concentrations. Methylmercury biomagnification factors between size-sieved seston were similar between lakes. Bioaccumulation factors in phytoplankton were among the highest in the literature (log 5.5 to 6.1), exceeding those in oceans, smaller lakes, and streams, and was influenced by DOC. Higher bioaccumulation rates increase the susceptibility of methylmercury accumulation into the food web. Because mercury is dominantly delivered to the Great Lakes through the atmosphere and the biota therein is highly susceptible to methylmercury uptake, we propose that the Laurentian Great Lakes are excellent sentinels to trace the success of efforts to decrease global mercury emissions (e.g., Minamata Treaty) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Ogorek
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, USGS Mercury Research Laboratory, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562, United States
| | - Ryan F Lepak
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Joel C Hoffman
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
| | - John F DeWild
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, USGS Mercury Research Laboratory, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562, United States
| | - Tylor J Rosera
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael T Tate
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, USGS Mercury Research Laboratory, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562, United States
| | - James P Hurley
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- University of Wisconsin Aquatic Sciences Center, 1975 Willow Dr.;, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David P Krabbenhoft
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, USGS Mercury Research Laboratory, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562, United States
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Abstract
Plague is caused by a bacterial pathogen (Yersinia pestis) that can infect a wide range of mammal species, but its presence in wildlife is often underappreciated. Using a large-scale data set (n = 44,857) that details the extent of Y. pestis exposure in wildlife, we document exposure in 18 wildlife species, including coyotes (Canis latrans), bobcats (Lynx rufus), and black bears (Ursus americanus). Evidence of plague activity is widespread, with seropositive animals detected in every western state in the contiguous United States. Pathogen monitoring systems in wildlife that are both large scale and long-term are rare, yet they open the door for analyses on potential shifts in distribution that have occurred over time because of climate or land use changes. The data generated by these long-term monitoring programs, combined with recent advances in our understanding of pathogen ecology, offer a clearer picture of zoonotic pathogens and the risks they pose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Bevins
- USDA APHIS WS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Chandler
- USDA APHIS WS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicole Barrett
- USDA APHIS WS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Brandon S. Schmit
- USDA APHIS WS National Wildlife Disease Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Susan A. Shriner
- USDA APHIS WS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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21
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Sato Y, Kawakami R, Sakamoto A, Cornelissen A, Mori M, Kawai K, Ghosh S, Romero ME, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Finn AV. Efficacy and safety of cerebral embolic protection systems during transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a review of current clinical findings. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19:725-737. [PMID: 34263701 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2021.1955346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebrovascular events are one of the most serious consequences after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). More than half of the cerebrovascular events following TAVR are due to procedure-related emboli. Embolic protection devices (EPDs) have the potential to decrease cerebrovascular events during TAVR procedure. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have not conclusively determined if EPDs are effective, likely because of small number of patients enrolled. However, meta-analyses and propensity-matched analyses from large registries have shown efficacy and suggest the importance of EPDs in prevention of stroke during TAVR and perhaps other structural heart procedures. AREAS COVERED This review will focus on clinical and histopathologic studies examining the efficacy, safety, and histopathologic device capture findings in the presence and absence of EPDs during TAVR procedures. EXPERT OPINION Clinical studies have not conclusively determined the efficacy of EPDs. Current ongoing large-scale RCT (PROTECTED TAVR [NCT04149535]) has the potential to prove their efficacy. Histopathological evaluation of debris captured by EPDs contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms of TAVR procedure-related embolic events and suggests the importance of preventing cerebral embolization of debris released during this and other structural heart procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sato
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aloke V Finn
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.,University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Kelly JR, Shelton SG, Daniel DK, Bhat A, Mondal R, Nipple F, Amro H, Bower ME, Isaac G, McHaney G, Martins EP, Shelton DS. Wild Zebrafish Sentinels: Biological Monitoring of Site Differences Using Behavior and Morphology. Toxics 2021; 9:165. [PMID: 34357908 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9070165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental change poses a devastating risk to human and environmental health. Rapid assessment of water conditions is necessary for monitoring, evaluating, and addressing this global health danger. Sentinels or biological monitors can be deployed in the field using minimal resources to detect water quality changes in real time, quickly and cheaply. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are ideal sentinels for detecting environmental changes due to their biomedical tool kit, widespread geographic distribution, and well-characterized phenotypic responses to environmental disturbances. Here, we demonstrate the utility of zebrafish sentinels by characterizing phenotypic differences in wild zebrafish between two field sites in India. Site 1 was a rural environment with flowing water, low-hypoxic conditions, minimal human-made debris, and high iron and lead concentrations. Site 2 was an urban environment with still water, hypoxic conditions, plastic pollution, and high arsenic, iron, and chromium concentrations. We found that zebrafish from Site 2 were smaller, more cohesive, and less active than Site 1 fish. We also found sexually dimorphic body shapes within the Site 2, but not the Site 1, population. Advancing zebrafish sentinel research and development will enable rapid detection, evaluation, and response to emerging global health threats.
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23
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Catala M, Coma E, Alonso S, Álvarez-Lacalle E, Cordomi S, López D, Fina F, Medina-Peralta M, Prats C, Prieto-Alhambra D. Risk Diagrams Based on Primary Care Electronic Medical Records and Linked Real-Time PCR Data to Monitor Local COVID-19 Outbreaks During the Summer 2020: A Prospective Study Including 7,671,862 People in Catalonia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:693956. [PMID: 34291033 PMCID: PMC8287173 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.693956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring transmission is a prerequisite for containing COVID-19. We report on effective potential growth (EPG) as a novel measure for the early identification of local outbreaks based on primary care electronic medical records (EMR) and PCR-confirmed cases. Secondly, we studied whether increasing EPG precedes local hospital and intensive care (ICU) admissions and mortality. Population-based cohort including all Catalan citizens' PCR tests, hospitalization, intensive care (ICU) and mortality between 1/07/2020 and 13/09/2020; linked EMR covering 88.6% of the Catalan population was obtained. Nursing home residents were excluded. COVID-19 counts were ascertained based on EMR and PCRs separately. Weekly empirical propagation (ρ7) and 14-day cumulative incidence (A14) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated at care management area (CMA) level, and combined as EPG = ρ7 × A14. Overall, 7,607,201 and 6,798,994 people in 43 CMAs were included for PCR and EMR measures, respectively. A14, ρ7, and EPG increased in numerous CMAs during summer 2020. EMR identified 2.70-fold more cases than PCRs, with similar trends, a median (interquartile range) 2 (1) days earlier, and better precision. Upticks in EPG preceded increases in local hospital admissions, ICU occupancy, and mortality. Increasing EPG identified localized outbreaks in Catalonia, and preceded local hospital and ICU admissions and subsequent mortality. EMRs provided similar estimates to PCR, but some days earlier and with better precision. EPG is a useful tool for the monitoring of community transmission and for the early identification of COVID-19 local outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Catala
- Computational Biology and Complex Systems (BIOCOM-SC), Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Spain.,Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre of Catalonia (CMCiB), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Ermengol Coma
- Sistemes d'Informació dels Serveis d'Atenció Primària (SISAP), Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Alonso
- Computational Biology and Complex Systems (BIOCOM-SC), Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Enrique Álvarez-Lacalle
- Computational Biology and Complex Systems (BIOCOM-SC), Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Silvia Cordomi
- Direcció d'Estratègia i Qualitat, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel López
- Computational Biology and Complex Systems (BIOCOM-SC), Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Francesc Fina
- Sistemes d'Informació dels Serveis d'Atenció Primària (SISAP), Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Medina-Peralta
- Sistemes d'Informació dels Serveis d'Atenció Primària (SISAP), Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Prats
- Computational Biology and Complex Systems (BIOCOM-SC), Department of Physics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Spain.,Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre of Catalonia (CMCiB), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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24
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Grifell M, Mir Fuster G, Ventura Vilamala M, Galindo Guarín L, Carbón Mallol X, Hart CL, Pérez Sola V, Colom Victoriano F. Self-reported Subjective Effects of Analytically Confirmed New Psychoactive Substances Consumed by e-Psychonauts: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study Using a New Internet-Based Methodology. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e24433. [PMID: 34255715 PMCID: PMC8285746 DOI: 10.2196/24433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the last few years, the continuous emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has become an important public health challenge. The use of NPS has been rising in two different ways: buying and consuming NPS knowingly and the presence of NPS in traditional drugs as adulterants. The rise of NPS use is increasing the number of different substances in the market to an extent impossible to study with current scientific methodologies. This has caused a remarkable absence of necessary information about newer drug effects on people who use drugs, mental health professionals, and policy makers. Current scientific methodologies have failed to provide enough data in the timeframe when critical decisions must be made, being not only too slow but also too square. Last but not least, they dramatically lack the high resolution of phenomenological details. Objective This study aims to characterize a population of e-psychonauts and the subjective effects of the NPS they used during the study period using a new, internet-based, fast, and inexpensive methodology. This will allow bridging an evidence gap between online surveys, which do not provide substance confirmation, and clinical trials, which are too slow and expensive to keep up with the new substances appearing every week. Methods To cover this purpose, we designed a highly personalized, observational longitudinal study methodology. Participants will be recruited from online communities of people who use NPS, and they will be followed online by means of a continuous objective and qualitative evaluation lasting for at least 1 year. In addition, participants will send samples of the substances they intend to use during that period, so they can be analyzed and matched with the effects they report on the questionnaires. Results The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital del Mar Research Institute on December 11, 2018. Data collection started in August 2019 and was still ongoing when the protocol was submitted (September 2020). The first data collection period of the study ended in October 2020. Data analysis began in November 2020, and it is still ongoing. The authors expect to submit the first results for publication by the end of 2021. A preliminary analysis was conducted when the manuscript was submitted and was reviewed after it was accepted in February 2021. Conclusions It is possible to conduct an institutional review board–approved study using this new methodology and collect the expected data. However, the meaning and usefulness of these data are still unknown. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/24433
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Grifell
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Energy Control, Asociació Benestar i Desenvolupament, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction, Parc de Salut Mar, Premia De Mar, Spain
| | | | | | - Liliana Galindo Guarín
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Carl L Hart
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Víctor Pérez Sola
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction, Parc de Salut Mar, Premia De Mar, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Colom Victoriano
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction, Parc de Salut Mar, Premia De Mar, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain.,Departament of Basic, Evolutive and Education Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Hoch M, Vogel S, Kolberg L, Dick E, Fingerle V, Eberle U, Ackermann N, Sing A, Huebner J, Rack-Hoch A, Schober T, von Both U. Weekly SARS-CoV-2 Sentinel Surveillance in Primary Schools, Kindergartens, and Nurseries, Germany, June‒November 2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:2192-2196. [PMID: 34087088 PMCID: PMC8314813 DOI: 10.3201/eid2708.204859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in primary schools, kindergartens, and nurseries in Germany. Of 3,169 oropharyngeal swab specimens, only 2 were positive by real-time reverse transcription PCR. Asymptomatic children attending these institutions do not appear to be driving the pandemic when appropriate infection control measures are used.
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26
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Orakpoghenor O, Oladele SB, Abdu PA, Markus TP, Enam SJ, Andamin AD, Muhammed MS, Usman SG, Esievo KAN. Pigeons ( Columba livia domestica) Are Susceptible to Infectious Bursal Disease: A Comparative Study of Their Hematological and Serum Biochemical Alterations. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:673398. [PMID: 34150893 PMCID: PMC8212981 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.673398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematological and serum biochemical alterations following very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection in pigeons and chickens were evaluated in this study. Sixty IBDV seronegative birds comprising 30 (3–6 weeks old) pigeons and 30 (3 weeks old) chickens were randomly divided as follows: 10 uninoculated pigeons only, 10 inoculated pigeons + 10 sentinel chickens, 10 inoculated chickens + 10 sentinel pigeons, and 10 uninoculated chickens. Inoculated birds were administered 0.20 ml of inoculum containing very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV). Blood was collected postinoculation/exposure (pi/pe) and processed for hematology and biochemistry. The results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) increased packed cell volume, decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC) in inoculated and sentinel chickens. Total leukocyte count (TLC), heterophil, and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio were increased from 3 dpi/dpe in inoculated pigeons and from 3 to 14 dpi/dpe in inoculated and sentinel chickens. At 10 and 14 dpi/dpe, there was significantly (P < 0.05) increased serum total protein and globulin concentrations and decreased albumin/globulin ratio in pigeons and chickens. Serum urea concentration showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in inoculated and sentinel chickens at 3 and 4 dpi/dpe. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on hematological and serum biochemical alterations due to vvIBDV infection in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Ayuba Abdu
- Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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27
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Krupka DC, Graham J, Wilson NA, Li A, Landman AB, Bhatt DL, Nguyen LL, Reich AJ, Gupta A, Zerhouni YA, Capatch KJ, Concheri KP, Weissman JS. Transmitting Device Identifiers of Implants From the Point of Care to Insurers: A Demonstration Project. J Patient Saf 2021; 17:223-230. [PMID: 33734207 PMCID: PMC7984755 DOI: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For implanted devices, an effective postmarket surveillance system does not exist. For medications, the Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel Initiative plays that role, relying mainly on drug codes in insurance claims. Unique device identifiers (UDIs) could play an analogous role for implants, but there is no mandate for providers to include UDIs in claims or for payers to record them. Objections have been raised to incorporating UDIs into claims based on a potential burden on providers. METHODS To assess this purported barrier, we modified information systems at 2 provider-payer dyads to allow for the transmission of UDI data from provider to payer. In addition, to illustrate the potential benefit of including device data in claims, we used our data to compare rates of 90-day adverse events after implantation using the electronic health record (EHR) alone with the EHR plus claims. RESULTS The software system modifications were modest and performed as designed. Moreover, the level of difficulty of their development and implementation was comparable to that associated with a typical new release of an existing system. In addition, our data demonstrated the ability of claims-based data plus EHR data to reveal a larger percentage of postprocedure adverse events than data from EHRs alone. CONCLUSIONS Modifying information systems to allow for the transmission of UDI data from providers to payers should not impose a substantial burden on either. Implementation of a postmarket surveillance system based on such data in claims will require, however, the development of a system analogous to Sentinel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan C. Krupka
- From the Twin Peaks Group, LLC, Lexington, Massachusetts
| | - Jove Graham
- Center for Pharmacy Innovation and Outcomes, Geisinger Health, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Natalia A. Wilson
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Angela Li
- Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts
| | | | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Amanda J. Reich
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Avni Gupta
- Department of Public Health Policy and Management, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Yasmin A. Zerhouni
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Kevin J. Capatch
- System Support Services, Geisinger Health, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joel S. Weissman
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts
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28
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Oleaga A, Balseiro A, Espí A, Royo LJ. Wolf (Canis lupus) as canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) sentinel for the endangered cantabrian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos). Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:516-523. [PMID: 33527683 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) causes infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) and has recently been described as a cause of death among endangered populations of European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in the Cantabrian mountain range in Asturias, Spain. Sympatric wild and domestic carnivores can act as reservoirs of the virus and likely spread it into the environment and subsequently transmit it to brown bears. The present work investigates the prevalence and geo-temporal distribution of CAdV-1 among free-ranging wolves (Canis lupus) in Asturias from 2009 to 2018, during which three fatal cases of ICH were reported among brown bears in the region. A total of 149 wolves were analysed in this study, of which 21 (14%) were found to have CAdV-1 DNA based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of spleen samples. Prevalence of the virus was similar between males and females. All but one of the 20 CAdV-1-positive animals of estimable age were younger than 2 years, and only one of the 46 adult animals (>2 years) tested positive. Prevalence was highest in the western area of Asturias and during 2010 and 2011. Our results confirm that CAdV-1 is circulating in Asturian free-ranging wolves, supporting their possible role as virus reservoirs and sentinels in the region of this emerging disease in brown bears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Oleaga
- Sociedad de Servicios del Principado de Asturias S.A. (SERPA), La Laboral, Gijón, Spain
| | - Ana Balseiro
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Alberto Espí
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
| | - Luis J Royo
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
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29
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Liu J, Xu Y, Li H, Guo J. Soil Moisture Retrieval in Farmland Areas with Sentinel Multi-Source Data Based on Regression Convolutional Neural Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21030877. [PMID: 33525486 PMCID: PMC7866275 DOI: 10.3390/s21030877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As an important component of the earth ecosystem, soil moisture monitoring is of great significance in the fields of crop growth monitoring, crop yield estimation, variable irrigation, and other related applications. In order to mitigate or eliminate the impacts of sparse vegetation covers in farmland areas, this study combines multi-source remote sensing data from Sentinel-1 radar and Sentinel-2 optical satellites to quantitatively retrieve soil moisture content. Firstly, a traditional Oh model was applied to estimate soil moisture content after removing vegetation influence by a water cloud model. Secondly, support vector regression (SVR) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) models were used to establish the relationships between various remote sensing features and real soil moisture. Finally, a regression convolutional neural network (CNNR) model is constructed to extract deep-level features of remote sensing data to increase soil moisture retrieval accuracy. In addition, polarimetric decomposition features for real Sentinel-1 PolSAR data are also included in the construction of inversion models. Based on the established soil moisture retrieval models, this study analyzes the influence of each input feature on the inversion accuracy in detail. The experimental results show that the optimal combination of R2 and root mean square error (RMSE) for SVR is 0.7619 and 0.0257 cm3/cm3, respectively. The optimal combination of R2 and RMSE for GRNN is 0.7098 and 0.0264 cm3/cm3, respectively. Especially, the CNNR model with optimal feature combination can generate inversion results with the highest accuracy, whose R2 and RMSE reach up to 0.8947 and 0.0208 cm3/cm3, respectively. Compared to other methods, the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy of soil moisture retrieval from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical data. Furthermore, after adding polarization decomposition features, the R2 of CNNR is raised by 0.1524 and the RMSE of CNNR decreased by 0.0019 cm3/cm3 on average, which means that the addition of polarimetric decomposition features effectively improves the accuracy of soil moisture retrieval results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (J.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Youshuan Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China;
| | - Henghui Li
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (J.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Jiao Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (J.L.); (H.L.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8709-2391
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30
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Kataba A, Nakayama SMM, Nakata H, Toyomaki H, Yohannes YB, Yabe J, Muzandu K, Zyambo G, Kubota A, Matsukawa T, Yokoyama K, Ikenaka Y, Ishizuka M. An Investigation of the Wild Rat Crown Incisor as an Indicator of Lead (Pb) Exposure Using Inductively Couple Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Laser Ablation ICP-MS. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18020767. [PMID: 33477475 PMCID: PMC7830958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a metal toxicant of great public health concern. The present study investigated the applicability of the rat incisor in Pb exposure screening. The levels of lead in teeth (Pb-T) in the crown and root of incisors in laboratory Pb-exposed Sprague Dawley rats were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The crown accumulated much Pb-T than the root of the Sprague Dawley rat incisor. The levels of lead in blood (Pb-B) were positively correlated with the Pb-T in the crown and root incisors of the Sprague Dawley rats. As an application of the Pb-T crown results in experimental rats, we subsequently analyzed the Pb-T in the crown incisors of Pb-exposed wild rats (Rattus rattus) sampled from residential sites within varying distances from an abandoned lead-zinc mine. The Pb-T accumulation in the crown of incisors of R. rattus rats decreased with increased distance away from the Pb-Zn mine. Furthermore, the Pb-T was strongly correlated (r = 0.85) with the Pb levels in the blood. Laser ablation ICP-MS Pb-T mappings revealed a homogenous distribution of Pb in the incisor with an increased intensity of Pb-T localized in the tip of the incisor crown bearing an enamel surface in both Sprague Dawley and R. rattus rats. These findings suggest that Pb-T in the crown incisor may be reflective of the rat's environmental habitat, thus a possible indicator of Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kataba
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (J.Y.); (K.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shouta M. M. Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.M.N.); (M.I.); Tel./Fax: +81-11-706-5105 (S.M.M.N.)
| | - Hokuto Nakata
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Haruya Toyomaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yared B. Yohannes
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar 6200, Ethiopia
| | - John Yabe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (J.Y.); (K.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kaampwe Muzandu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (J.Y.); (K.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Golden Zyambo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (J.Y.); (K.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ayano Kubota
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (A.K.); (T.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (A.K.); (T.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (A.K.); (T.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (A.K.); (H.N.); (H.T.); (Y.B.Y.); (Y.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.M.N.); (M.I.); Tel./Fax: +81-11-706-5105 (S.M.M.N.)
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van Dijk JGB, Verhagen JH, Hegemann A, Tolf C, Olofsson J, Järhult JD, Waldenström J. A Comparative Study of the Innate Humoral Immune Response to Avian Influenza Virus in Wild and Domestic Mallards. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:608274. [PMID: 33329501 PMCID: PMC7733965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.608274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic mallards (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) are traditionally used as a model to investigate infection dynamics and immune responses to low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) in free-living mallards. However, it is unclear whether the immune response of domestic birds reflects the response of their free-living counterparts naturally exposed to these viruses. We investigated the extent to which the innate humoral immune response was similar among (i) wild-type domestic mallards in primary and secondary infection with LPAIV H4N6 in a laboratory setting (laboratory mallards), (ii) wild-type domestic mallards naturally exposed to LPAIVs in a semi-natural setting (sentinel mallards), and (iii) free-living mallards naturally exposed to LPAIVs. We quantified innate humoral immune function by measuring non-specific natural antibodies (agglutination), complement activity (lysis), and the acute phase protein haptoglobin. We demonstrate that complement activity in the first 3 days after LPAIV exposure was higher in primary-exposed laboratory mallards than in sentinel and free-living mallards. LPAIV H4N6 likely activated the complement system and the acute phase response in primary-exposed laboratory mallards, as lysis was higher and haptoglobin lower at day 3 and 7 post-exposure compared to baseline immune function measured prior to exposure. There were no differences observed in natural antibody and haptoglobin concentrations among laboratory, sentinel, and free-living mallards in the first 3 days after LPAIV exposure. Our study demonstrates that, based on the three innate humoral immune parameters measured, domestic mallards seem an appropriate model to investigate innate immunology of their free-living counterparts, albeit the innate immune response of secondary-LPAIV exposed mallards is a better proxy for the innate immune response in pre-exposed free-living mallards than that of immunologically naïve mallards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacintha G B van Dijk
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Josanne H Verhagen
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Arne Hegemann
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, Lund, Sweden
| | - Conny Tolf
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jenny Olofsson
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Josef D Järhult
- Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Waldenström
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Moro R, Arjona-Aguilera C, Requena C, Pont-Sanjuan V, Traves V, Manrique-Silva E, Nagore E. Prognostic Role of Non-Identification of Sentinel Lymph Node in Cutaneous Melanoma Patients: An Observational Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3151. [PMID: 33121093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sentinel lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor for patients with cutaneous melanoma, but occasionally it is not possible to identify the sentinel lymph node. Little is known in cutaneous melanoma literature about the phenomenon of non-identification of sentinel lymph node and its prognostic implications. In this study we observed that not identifying the sentinel lymph node involves a worse nodal disease-free survival, but not a worse melanoma-specific survival than a negative sentinel lymph node. Potentially, patients with non-identified SLN should receive a follow-up schedule like that of patients with positive SLN. Abstract Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is recognized as the most important prognostic factor for patients with cutaneous melanoma. However, sometimes it is not possible to identify SLN. The phenomenon of non-identification of SLN and its prognostic role have not been thoroughly evaluated in melanoma literature. The objective of this study was to identify which patient or tumor variables may be associated to non-identification of SLN and to evaluate the prognostic role of non-identification of SLN. Methods: Observational retrospective study of 834 cutaneous melanoma patients who underwent SLN biopsy at Instituto Valenciano de Oncología. Results: Forty-two patients (5%) presented non-identification of SLN. Patients with age at diagnosis of ≥ 64 years, obesity (BMI ≥ 30), and head and neck localization were at higher risk of non-identification of SLN. Non-identified SLN patients had worse nodal disease-free survival with respect to negative SLN patients, but not worse melanoma-specific survival. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a need to follow-up patients with non-identified SLN in the same way as patients with positive SLN.
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Craun K, Luethcke KR, Shafer M, Stanton N, Zhang C, Schauer J, Faulkes J, Sundling KE, Kurtycz D, Malecki K, Trepanier L. Environmental chemical exposures in the urine of dogs and people sharing the same households. J Clin Transl Sci 2020; 5:e54. [PMID: 33948275 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2020.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma (UCC) develops in both humans and dogs and tracks to regions of high industrial activity. We hypothesize that dogs with UCC may act as sentinels for human urothelial carcinogen exposures. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether healthy people and dogs in the same households share urinary exposures to potentially mutagenic chemical carcinogens. Methods: We measured urinary concentrations of acrolein (as its metabolite 3-HPMA), arsenic species, 4-aminobiphenyl, and 4-chlorophenol (a metabolite of the phenoxyherbicide 2,4-D) in healthy dogs and their owners. We assessed possible chemical sources through questionnaires and screened for urothelial DNA damage using the micronucleus assay. Results: Biomarkers of urinary exposure to acrolein, arsenic, and 4-chlorophenol were found in the urine of 42 pet dogs and 42 owners, with 4-aminobiphenyl detected sporadically. Creatinine-adjusted urinary chemical concentrations were significantly higher, by 2.8- to 6.2-fold, in dogs compared to humans. Correlations were found for 3-HPMA (r = 0.32, P = 0.04) and monomethylarsonic acid (r = 0.37, P = 0.02) between people and their dogs. Voided urothelial cell yields were inadequate to quantify DNA damage, and questionnaires did not reveal significant associations with urinary chemical concentrations. Conclusions: Healthy humans and pet dogs have shared urinary exposures to known mutagenic chemicals, with significantly higher levels in dogs. Higher urinary exposures to acrolein and arsenic in dogs correlate to higher exposures in their owners. Follow-up studies will assess the mutagenic potential of these levels in vitro and measure these biomarkers in owners of dogs with UCC.
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Holicki CM, Michel F, Vasić A, Fast C, Eiden M, Răileanu C, Kampen H, Werner D, Groschup MH, Ziegler U. Pathogenicity of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 to German Poultry. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E507. [PMID: 32899581 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus that originates from Africa and at present causes neurological disease in birds, horses, and humans all around the globe. As West Nile fever is an important zoonosis, the role of free-ranging domestic poultry as a source of infection for humans should be evaluated. This study examined the pathogenicity of an Italian WNV lineage 1 strain for domestic poultry (chickens, ducks, and geese) held in Germany. All three species were subcutaneously injected with WNV, and the most susceptible species was also inoculated via mosquito bite. All species developed various degrees of viremia, viral shedding (oropharyngeal and cloacal), virus accumulation, and pathomorphological lesions. Geese were most susceptible, displaying the highest viremia levels. The tested waterfowl, geese, and especially ducks proved to be ideal sentinel species for WNV due to their high antibody levels and relatively low blood viral loads. None of the three poultry species can function as a reservoir/amplifying host for WNV, as their viremia levels most likely do not suffice to infect feeding mosquitoes. Due to the recent appearance of WNV in Germany, future pathogenicity studies should also include local virus strains.
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35
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Dhanze H, Kumar MS, Singh V, Gupta M, Bhilegaonkar KN, Kumar A, Mishra BP, Singh RK. Detection of recent infection of Japanese encephalitis virus in swine population using IgM ELISA: A suitable sentinel to predict infection in humans. J Immunol Methods 2020; 486:112848. [PMID: 32891615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne flaviviral zoonotic disease and is one of the major causes of encephalitis in children. Swine, being an amplifier host of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), play an important role in its epidemiology. Therefore, early detection of either JEV or antibodies against JEV in swine is a feasible alternative for initiating necessary measures to prevent the spread of infection to humans. Since IgM antibodies appear early in swine sera, recombinant NS1 protein based indirect IgM ELISA was developed in the present study with the objective to know the recent infection of swine population with JEV. The relative diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA was 95.34% and 98.6%, respectively. The developed ELISA was found to have excellent reproducibility on inter-laboratory and inter-institutional validation studies. A total of 3,027 field swine sera samples were screened using the developed ELISA and 488 samples were found positive for IgM against JEV with an overall sero-positivity of 16.12% in swine population of India. The highest sero-positivity was observed in swine population of Eastern zone of India which coincided with the maximum number of human JE cases reported from this zone during the same period. Further, antibody kinetics study revealed that the IgM antibodies against NS1 protein of JEV started appearing in swine sera at day 5 and disappeared completely by day 40. The IgG antibodies started appearing at day 7, and remained for more than 365 days indicating the suitability of IgM ELISA to know the recent infection of JEV. The developed IgM ELISA can be readily incorporated into surveillance programs for detection of JEV activity in swine population so that outbreaks in humans can be prevented by taking suitable preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dhanze
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
| | - M Suman Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - V Singh
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M Gupta
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | | | - A Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - B P Mishra
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Kang G, Lee J, Song T, Pantelic M, Reeser N, Keimig T, Nadig J, Villablanca P, Frisoli T, Eng M, O'Neill WW, Wang DD. 3-Dimensional CT Planning for Cerebral Embolic Protection in Structural Interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 13:2673-2676. [PMID: 32563641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guson Kang
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - James Lee
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Song
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Milan Pantelic
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas Reeser
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Keimig
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey Nadig
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pedro Villablanca
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tiberio Frisoli
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Marvin Eng
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - William W O'Neill
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Dee Dee Wang
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Gupta N, Praharaj I, Bhatnagar T, Vivian Thangaraj JW, Giri S, Chauhan H, Kulkarni S, Murhekar M, Singh S, Gangakhedkar RR, Bhargava B. Severe acute respiratory illness surveillance for coronavirus disease 2019, India, 2020. Indian J Med Res 2020; 151:236-240. [PMID: 32362647 PMCID: PMC7357403 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1035_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Sentinel surveillance among severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients can help identify the spread and extent of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARI surveillance was initiated in the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in India. We describe here the positivity for COVID-19 among SARI patients and their characteristics. Methods: SARI patients admitted at 41 sentinel sites from February 15, 2020 onwards were tested for COVID-19 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, targeting E and RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2. Data were extracted from Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Network for analysis. Results: A total of 104 (1.8%) of the 5,911 SARI patients tested were positive for COVID-19. These cases were reported from 52 districts in 20 States/Union Territories. The COVID-19 positivity was higher among males and patients aged above 50 years. In all, 40 (39.2%) COVID-19 cases did not report any history of contact with a known case or international travel. Interpretation & conclusions: COVID-19 containment activities need to be targeted in districts reporting COVID-19 cases among SARI patients. Intensifying sentinel surveillance for COVID-19 among SARI patients may be an efficient tool to effectively use resources towards containment and mitigation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ira Praharaj
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarun Bhatnagar
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sidhartha Giri
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Manoj Murhekar
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sujeet Singh
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | - Raman R Gangakhedkar
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Balram Bhargava
- Department of Health Research (ICMR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
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Koc ZP, Özcan Kara P, Dağ A, Tuncel Daloğlu F. In-transit sentinel lymph nodes predicted by F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur 2020; 22:37-39. [PMID: 31482542 DOI: 10.5603/nmr.2019.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the in-transit lymph node is a well-known issue in malignant melanoma, it is not documented sufficiently in breast cancer. In this case report an in-transit lymph node demonstrated by both PET/CT and sentinel lymph node mapping and diagnosed by pathology is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmet Dağ
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty Mersin University
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Sánchez-Montes S, Ballados-González GG, Hernández-Velasco A, Zazueta-Islas HM, Solis-Cortés M, Miranda-Ortiz H, Canseco-Méndez JC, Fernández-Figueroa EA, Colunga-Salas P, López-Pérez AM, Delgado-de la Mora J, Licona-Enriquez JD, Delgado-de la Mora D, Karpathy SE, Paddock CD, Rangel-Escareño C. Molecular Confirmation of Rickettsia parkeri in Amblyomma ovale Ticks, Veracruz, Mexico. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:2315-2317. [PMID: 31742525 PMCID: PMC6874242 DOI: 10.3201/eid2512.190964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We found Rickettsia parkeri in Amblyomma ovale ticks collected in Veracruz, Mexico, in 2018. We sequenced gene segments of gltA, htrA, sca0, and sca5; phylogenetic reconstruction revealed near-complete identity with R. parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest. Enhanced surveillance is needed in Mexico to determine the public health relevance of this bacterium.
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40
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Yap RV, De La Serna FM. Outcomes of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Using Blue Dye Method for Early Breast Cancer - A Single-Institution Experience in the Philippines. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2020; 12:37-44. [PMID: 32210610 PMCID: PMC7073425 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s242115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to share our experience with SLNB in the Filipino population with early breast cancer. Patients and Methods A retrospective review was done on all patients with confirmed invasive breast carcinoma, tumor size of 5 cm or less (T1/T2), who preoperatively had no clinical signs of axillary metastasis and subsequently underwent SLNB with blue dye method from January 01, 2008 to December 31, 2017. Clinicopathologic profiles were recorded. Outcomes of patients who had SLNB only were assessed. Results One hundred twenty-nine patients matched the inclusion criteria with a mean age of 54.3 years. The majority (88.4%) had a total mastectomy. Invasive ductal carcinoma (65.1%) was the most common tumor. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were positive in 69% and 61.2% respectively while only 28.7% were HER2 positive. SLNB was successfully carried out in 126 (97.7%) patients with a range of 2-4 SLNs harvested. Thirty-four (26.4%) patients had completion ALND. With a median of 25 months follow-up, 75 out of 95 patients who underwent SLNB alone had follow-up data. Forty-six (61.3%) patients had seroma formation. One (1.3%) patient developed arm paresthesia, 2 (2.7%) local (chest wall) and 2 (2.7%) axillary recurrences after a negative SLNB. None of the patients developed lymphedema. Conclusion The blue dye method alone is acceptable and can be readily employed in institutions with limited resources. Even with the limited population, the morbidity and oncologic outcomes of patients who underwent SLNB alone were low and comparable to similar international published data. SLNB should be the preferred method for staging the axilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Victor Yap
- Department of Surgery, Cebu Doctors' University Hospital, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines
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41
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Sangal B, Kumar P, Dhingra N. HIV prevalence trend from HIV sentinel surveillance over a decade in India: An overview. Indian J Public Health 2019; 62:138-142. [PMID: 29923539 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_151_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to describe trends in antenatal HIV prevalence in India, at a national and regional level from consistent sentinel surveillance sites (2003-2015) among Antenatal Clinic (ANC) attendees. Data were analyzed from a total of 1,885,207 ANC attendees recruited at ANC sites. The consistent sites were grouped by years of initiation (Group 1: 2003-2005 and Group 2: 2006-2008) and according to six regions. Chi-square test for linear trend was applied to test the statistical significance of the trend. Nationally, at Group 1 sites, HIV prevalence was 0.93% in 2003, which declined to 0.36% in 2015 (P < 0.001). Similarly, at Group 2 sites, prevalence ranged from 0.25% to 0.23% during 2006-2015 (P > 0.05). The findings suggest that HIV is conclusively declining at old sites, nationally as well as in most of the other regions but increasing in the northern region. At newer sites, the conclusive declining trend is evident only in the southern region. National AIDS response must consider these variations to allow locally appropriate responses to the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Sangal
- Strategic Information Management Unit, National AIDS Control Organisation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Strategic Information Management Unit, National AIDS Control Organisation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Dhingra
- Strategic Information Management Unit, National AIDS Control Organisation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
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Khoury T, Fang Y, Karabakhtsian R, Mokhtar Desouki M, Nayak A, Hanna M, Sanati S, Peng X, Yan L, Li X, Fadare O, Ambrosone C, Jabbour N, Gaudioso C. The clinical significance of metastatic breast carcinoma to intramammary lymph node. Breast J 2019; 26:197-205. [PMID: 31588665 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of involved intramammary lymph node (intra-MLN) with breast carcinoma (BC) is rare. Its clinical significance and impact on the clinical decision making is unclear. A total of 113 BC cases with at least one positive intra-MLN were collected from 11 academic institutions. The inclusion criteria were subsequent axillary lymph node dissection, and the availability of information on T-stage, size of node metastasis, extranodal extension status, biomarkers status, and clinical follow-up. Stage 4 cases and/or neo-adjuvant treated patients were excluded. AJCC TN-stage was calculated twice, with and without intra-MLN. Five-year overall survival (OS) and relapse (local and/or distant)-free survival (RFS) were calculated and correlated with the clinicopathologic variables. Excluding intra-MLN, TN-stage correlated with OS (P = .016) but not with RFS (P = .19). However, when intra-MLN was included, TN-stage correlated with both OS (P < .001) and RFS (P = .016). In the multivariate analysis, when intra-MLN was excluded, only radiation therapy (RT) correlated with RFS (HR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.054-0.66, P = .009). However, when intra-MLN was included in the TN-stage both RT (HR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.45, P = .001) and TN-stage 3 (HR = 8.92, 95% CI: 1.47-54, P = .017) correlated with RFS. Tumor multifocality was the only variable correlated with OS when the intra-MLN involvement was excluded. When intra-MLN was included, multifocality became insignificant but TN-stage 3 correlated with OS (HR = 8.59, 95% CI: 1.06-69.71, P = .044). Positive intra-MLN is an independent factor in predicting both RFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Yisheng Fang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwest at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Anupma Nayak
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mathew Hanna
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Souzan Sanati
- Department of Pathology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Xuan Peng
- Department of Biostatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, California
| | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Population Science, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nashwan Jabbour
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Carmelo Gaudioso
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
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Abdelazim IA, Abu-Faza M, Zhurabekova G, Shikanova S, Karimova B, Sarsembayev M, Starchenko T, Mukhambetalyeva G. Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Endometrial Cancer Update 2018. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 2019; 8:94-100. [PMID: 31544018 PMCID: PMC6743227 DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_130_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no established data about lymphadenectomy during treatment of endometrial cancers (ECs) and to what extent lymphadenectomy should be performed. In addition, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy increases the intraoperative and postoperative complications. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping has the lowest costs and highest quality-adjusted survival. SLN is the most cost-effective strategy in the management of low-risk ECs. Women staged with SLN mapping were more likely to receive adjuvant treatment compared with women staged with systemic lymphadenectomy. This review article designed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and the methods of SLN detection in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Abdelazim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company, Ahmadi, Kuwait.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohannad Abu-Faza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company, Ahmadi, Kuwait
| | - Gulmira Zhurabekova
- Department of Normal and Topographical Anatomy, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Svetlana Shikanova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakyt Karimova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Mukhit Sarsembayev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatyana Starchenko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulmira Mukhambetalyeva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
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Mor JM, Rokohl AC, Koch KR, Heindl LM. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of conjunctival melanoma: current insights. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1297-1302. [PMID: 31440020 PMCID: PMC6667347 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s187364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in conjunctival melanoma (CM). Methods: This article provides a review of the literature from PUBMED. Results: Data on SLNB in the management of CM are scarce and only two relatively large cohorts have been reported. Although indication criteria for SLNB vary slightly, positive findings can be expected in 11%–13% of CM cases, including small tumors. False negative SLNB findings are rare (<10%). Failure to identify SLNB has been attributed to the surgical learning curve and recurrent tumors with scar tissue impeding spread of the tracer material. Reported 5-year survival rate following CM management including SLNB, is up to 79%, but there are no comparative cohort studies proving the assumed benefit. Adverse events reported were non-severe and transient. Conclusion: Patients can potentially benefit from SLNB and the procedure can be offered to eligible patients. However, there is not enough evidence to support SLNB as a mandatory part of CM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Mor
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Konrad R Koch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf, Ophthalmic Oncology Unit, Cologne, Germany
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45
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Banerjee A, Pérez-López E, Mossman K. Commentary: Phyllostomid bat microbiome composition is associated to host phylogeny and feeding strategies. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2863. [PMID: 30524418 PMCID: PMC6262150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arinjay Banerjee
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Michael DeGroote Centre for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Edel Pérez-López
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Michael DeGroote Centre for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Acar T, Acar N, Sezgin G, Gokova MB, Kucukzeybek BB, Haciyanli M. Treatment choice in metaplastic breast cancer: A report of 5 cases. North Clin Istanb 2018; 5:365-9. [PMID: 30859170 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2018.09124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a general term defining a heterogeneous group that includes biphasic lesions, with both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal tissue components. Although its clinical findings are similar to those present in invasive ductal carcinoma, it rarely presents with the findings of inflammatory breast cancer. It is generally seen in the fifth decade. MBC spreads via lymph and blood circulation. Most common distant metastasis areas include lungs and the bone. Although the treatment generally relies on the same principles applied in invasive ductal carcinoma, a more aggressive treatment should be employed in at-risk groups due to higher rates of local recurrence. In this study, we aimed to discuss clinicopathological features and treatment approach in 5 women with MBC.
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Zoch-Lesniak B, Tolksdorf K, Siedler A. Trends in herpes zoster epidemiology in Germany based on primary care sentinel surveillance data, 2005-2016. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:1807-1814. [PMID: 29498894 PMCID: PMC6067859 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1446718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster-virus (VZV). Childhood varicella vaccination, as recommended in Germany in 2004, may reduce the risk of HZ in vaccinated children but also virus circulation and thus the booster possibility of latent infected persons. In this context we analyzed age-specific trends in HZ epidemiology in Germany using data on HZ-associated outpatient consultations in participating sentinel sites and HZ-associated cases in all hospitals since 2005. We analyzed two separate time periods that differed in sentinel management and data integrity. For the period 2005-2010, we found a decrease in HZ-associated outpatient consultations in 1- to 4-year-olds (IRR = 0.72, 95%CI 0.63-0.81, p<0.001). For the period 2013-2016, we observed a decrease in HZ-associated outpatient consultations in 10- to 14-year-olds (IRR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.78-0.93, p<0.01). Moreover, we detected an increase in the age groups 20 years and older except for the group 30-39 years. HZ-associated hospitalizations showed similar trends for the second time period (here 2012-2015). The decrease in HZ-associated outpatient consultations and hospitalizations in children started and continued over cohorts eligible for varicella vaccination and could be a result of their reduced HZ-risk. Whether the observed steady increasing HZ incidences for adults are associated with the varicella vaccination in children remains unclear and could not be investigated with our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Zoch-Lesniak
- Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Tolksdorf
- Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Respiratory Infections Unit, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anette Siedler
- Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Little is known about the occurrence of tick-borne encephalitis in Romania. Sheep are an infection source for humans and are useful sentinels for risk analysis. We demonstrate high antibody prevalence (15.02%) among sheep used as sentinels for this disease in 80% of the tested localities in 5 counties of northwestern Romania.
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Panozzo CA, Woodworth TS, Welch EC, Huang TY, Her QL, Haynes K, Rogers C, Menzin TJ, Ehrmann M, Freitas KE, Haug NR, Toh S. Early impact of the ICD-10-CM transition on selected health outcomes in 13 electronic health care databases in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018; 27:839-847. [PMID: 29947033 DOI: 10.1002/pds.4563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the consistency in the frequency of 5 health outcomes across the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) eras in the US. METHODS We examined the incidence of 3 acute conditions (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], angioedema, ischemic stroke) and the prevalence of 2 chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension) during the final 5 years of the ICD-9-CM era (January 2010-September 2015) and the first 15 months of the ICD-10-CM era (October 2015-December 2016) in 13 electronic health care databases in the Sentinel System. For each health outcome reviewed during the ICD-10-CM era, we evaluated 4 definitions, including published algorithms derived from other countries, as well as simple-forward, simple-backward, and forward-backward mapping using the General Equivalence Mappings. For acute conditions, we also compared the incidence between April to December 2014 and April to December 2016. RESULTS The analyses included data from approximately 172 million health plan members. While the incidence or prevalence of AMI and hypertension performed similarly across the 2 eras, the other 3 outcomes did not demonstrate consistent trends for some or all the ICD-10-CM definitions assessed. CONCLUSIONS When using data from both the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM eras, or when using results from ICD-10-CM data to compare to results from ICD-9-CM data, researchers should test multiple ICD-10-CM outcome definitions as part of sensitivity analysis. Ongoing assessment of the impact of ICD-10-CM transition on identification of health outcomes in US electronic health care databases should occur as more data accrue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Panozzo
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany S Woodworth
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily C Welch
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ting-Ying Huang
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qoua L Her
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Haynes
- Translational Research for Affordability and Quality, HealthCore, Inc., Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Catherine Rogers
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Talia J Menzin
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Max Ehrmann
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine E Freitas
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole R Haug
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sengwee Toh
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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50
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Keck F. A Genealogy of Animal Diseases and Social Anthropology (1870-2000). Med Anthropol Q 2018; 33:24-41. [PMID: 29572952 DOI: 10.1111/maq.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Culling, vaccinating, and monitoring animals are the three main techniques used in contemporary veterinary public health to manage animal diseases that can be transmitted to humans. Each technique is underpinned by different ontological understandings of how microbes figure in relations between humans and animals. Therefore, animal diseases are not only a question for an applied anthropology but also involve the theoretical core of the discipline: that is, understanding how social causality emerges out of physical causality. To defend this argument, the article describes what Herbert Spencer wrote about foot-and-mouth disease; what William Robertson Smith thought about sacrifice in the context of bovine tuberculosis; how Emile Durkheim took vaccination for smallpox as a metaphor for the pathologies of the social; and what Claude Lévi-Strauss wrote about mad cow disease. The conceptions of the social in the writing of these four authors are analyzed through their understanding of the risk of transmission of animal diseases to humans, moving from prevention to precaution to preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Keck
- Laboratoire d'anthropologie sociale, PSL Research University
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