1
|
Zhou Y, Xu H, Wu L, Liu C, Lu Q, Wang L. Spectrofluorimetric study on the inclusion interaction between vitamin K3 with p-(p-sulfonated benzeneazo)calix[6]arene and determination of VK3. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 71:597-602. [PMID: 18321773 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of host-guest complexation between p-(p-sulfonated benzeneazo) calix[6]arene (SBC6A) and vitamin K3 (VK3) were investigated by fluorescence spectrometry. A 1:1 stoichiometry for the complexation was established and was verified by Job's plot. An association constant of 4.95 x 10(3)L mol(-1) at 20 degrees C was calculated by applying a deduced equation. The interaction mechanism of the inclusion complex was discussed. It was found that the fluorescence of SBC6A could be remarkably quenched by an appropriate amount of VK3 especially when non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 existed. According to the obtained results, a novel sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of VK3 based on supramolecular complex was developed with a linear range of 5.0 x 10(-7) -3.0 x 10(-5)mol L(-1) and a detection limit of 2.0 x 10(-7)mol L(-1). The proposed method was used to determine VK3 in commercial preparations with satisfactory results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyou Zhou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo-Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pérez-Ruiz T, Martínez-Lozano C, García MAD, Martín J. High-performance liquid chromatography–photochemical reduction in aerobic conditions for determination of K vitamins using fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1141:67-72. [PMID: 17178126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The development and application of a post-column detection system for K vitamins based on their photoreduction to the hydroquinone form is reported. The photoreduction yield is practically quantitative and occurs in a PTFE tubing coiled around a 6-W low-pressure mercury lamp in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate and methanol. Factors affecting the rate of the photochemical reaction were optimised so that its contribution to the total broadening was negligible. The enhanced fluorescence and stability of the K vitamins reduced in micellar medium has permitted the use of a very sensitive photochemical detection system, which can work in aerobic conditions. Separations were carried out by reverse-phase chromatography using pure methanol as eluent. The determination of phylloquinone, menaquinone-4 and menadione in several real samples illustrates the potential of the photochemical detection system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Pérez-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lingeman H, Underberg WJM, Takadate A, Hulshoff A. Fluorescence Detection in High Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918508067120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Pérez-Ruiz T, Martínez-Lozano C, Martín J, García MD. Automatic determination of phylloquinone in vegetables and fruits using on-line photochemical reduction and fluorescence detection via solid phase extraction and flow injection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 384:280-5. [PMID: 16292548 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-0148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Revised: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A very simple, rapid and highly sensitive flow injection fluorimetric method was developed for the determination of phylloquinone. The assay was based on the on-line reduction of phylloquinone in dodecylsulfate micelles after irradiation with UV light. The micellar medium enhanced the fluorescence and stability of the reduced phylloquinone. Under optimum experimental conditions, the range of application of the technique was between 0.09 and 45.0 microg mL(-1) and the detection limit was 0.05 microg mL(-1). The sample throughput was 90 injections per hour. The reliability of the method for the routine analysis of phylloquinone in vegetables and fruits is demonstrated. Extractions were made with hexane, and an automated solid phase extraction system was used to purify the sample extracts prior to injection into the flow injection manifold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Pérez-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, 30071, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhenming D, Xiuping L, Guomei Z, Shaomin S, Jinghao P. Study on vitamin K3-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and analytical application. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2003; 59:2073-2079. [PMID: 12788460 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(03)00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion interaction of the complexes between Vitamin K(3) (VK(3)) and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) and sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-beta-CD) were studied by using steady-state fluorescence measurements. The various factors affecting the inclusion process were examined in detail. The formation constants and inclusion stoichiometry for VK(3)-CDs were determined. The results showed that the inclusion ability of beta-CD and its derivatives was the order: SBE-beta-CD>HP-beta-CD>beta-CD. The related inclusion mechanism is proposed to explain the inclusion process. A method of determining VK(3) was established with the linear range was 2.5 x 10(-6)-5.0 x 10(-4) M, and was used to determine the VK(3) tablets. The recoveries were in the range of 97.52-103.5%. The results were satisfactory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhenming
- Department of Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lores M, Cabaleiro O, Cela R. Post-column photochemical derivatization in high-performance liquid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-9936(98)00121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
7
|
Kuhlmann O, Krauss GJ. Crocheted ETFE-reactor for on-line post-column photoderivatization of diclofenac in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1997; 16:553-9. [PMID: 9502151 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(97)00129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and selective bioanalytical method for diclofenac using reversed-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection is described. Diclofenac was detected as its fluorescent derivative after on-line post-column photoderivatization. Irradiation with UV light of diclofenac in aqueous solutions leads to the sequential loss of both chlorine substituents and ring closure. The major product, carbazole-1-acetic acid, was detected by a fluorescence detector using an excitation wavelength of 286 nm and an emission wavelength of 360 nm. The self-made reactor was a crocheted ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE, named TEFZEL) capillary, 20 m in length, wound directly around a 253.7 nm UV lamp. The capillary was crocheted in order to overcome peak widening. Chromatographic separation was achieved by using a Regis SPS 100 RP-8 column (5 microm; 150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d.) and a LiChrospher 100 RP-18 (5 microm) guard column from E. Merck. The detection limit was 1 ng ml(-1) at an injection volume of 20 microl. Daily relative standard deviations (RSD) were 5.5%, (73 ng diclofenac/ml, n = 9), and 5.1% (405 ng diclofenac/ml, n = 6), respectively. Chromatograms of human aqueous humor and human serum containing diclofenac, and figures showing the time dependent increase/decrease of the photoderivatization product, are shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Kuhlmann
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, Halle, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
McCarthy PT, Harrington DJ, Shearer MJ. Assay of phylloquinone in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Methods Enzymol 1997; 282:421-33. [PMID: 9330306 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(97)82125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P T McCarthy
- Haemophilia Centre, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
MacCrehan WA, Schönberger E. Determination of vitamin K1 in serum using catalytic-reduction liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 670:209-17. [PMID: 8548011 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the liquid chromatographic-fluorescence determination of serum vitamin K1 is described using reduction of the K-quinone to the fluorescent K-hydroquinone. The reduction reaction occurs "on-line" in the LC system using a catalytic reducer column and an alcohol mobile phase as reductant. A procedure for serum determination utilizes a liquid-liquid serum lipid extraction followed by normal-phase fractionation on a solid-phase extraction cartridge. The final measurement uses a reversed-phase (C18) separation with a ethanol-methanol mobile phase and provides a detection limit of approximately 20 pg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W A MacCrehan
- Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Minimization of plasma interferences by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection after ultraviolet irradiation using chlordiazepoxide as a model substance. Anal Chim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(94)00634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
de Barros Alcanfôr SK, Cardoso SV, de Lima CG. Fluorimetric studies of some quinones and quinonoid compounds after reduction reaction. Anal Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(94)90003-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Guo XQ, Xu JG, Huang XZ, Zhao YB, Chen GZ. Determination of Biacetyl by Sensitized Photochemical Kinetic Fluorimetry. ANAL LETT 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719308021490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
13
|
Lurie IS, Cooper DA, Krull IS. High-performance liquid chromatography using continuous on-line post-elution photoirradiation with subsequent diode-array UV or thermospray mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(93)87029-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Růžička J, Christian GD. Flow injection analysis and chromatography: twins or siblings? Plenary lecture. Analyst 1990. [DOI: 10.1039/an9901500475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Chapter V Modern Post-Column Reaction Detection in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(08)61583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
16
|
De Leenheer AP, Nelis HJ, Lambert WE, Bauwens RM. Chromatography of fat-soluble vitamins in clinical chemistry. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1988; 429:3-58. [PMID: 3062023 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A review is presented of current gas and liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K and the provitamin A beta-carotene in biological samples of human origin. For each vitamin, the discussion successively focuses on procedures for sample preparation, gas and liquid chromatographic systems and principles of detection. The emphasis is on liquid chromatography, which is gradually becoming a standard technique in fat-soluble vitamin assays. New trends in the liquid chromatography of these compounds include the use of smaller particles and shorter columns, to improve speed, and the advance of electrochemical detection as an alternative to absorbance and fluorescence detection. Bonded phases, both normal and reversed phase, tend to be preferred over underivatized silica as column supports. Gas chromatography remains of particular value in combination with mass spectrometry, a technique which may form the basis of reference methods. In general, despite the availability of well established analytical methods for fat-soluble vitamins, the wealth of recent literature in this area indicates that there continues to be a need for new assays with enhanced speed, specificity and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P De Leenheer
- Laboratoria voor Medische Biochemie, Klinische Analyse, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Lucock M, Hartley R, Wild NJ. HPLC Determination of Vitamin K1in Neonatal Plasma Following Oral or Parenteral Supplementation with Konakion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918708074200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
19
|
Fidanza J, Aaron JJ. The analysis of pharmaceutical preparations using solid-surface room temperature photochemical-fluorescence. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1987; 5:619-23. [PMID: 16867486 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(87)80074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/1986] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Fidanza
- Departement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lambert WE, De Leenheer AP, Baert EJ. Wet-chemical postcolumn reaction and fluorescence detection analysis of the reference interval of endogenous serum vitamin K1(20). Anal Biochem 1986; 158:257-61. [PMID: 3812969 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(86)90546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reference interval for serum vitamin K1(20) levels was assayed in healthy fasting adults by a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The isolation procedure involves a solvent extraction of the plasma lipids followed by two chromatographic steps, consisting of a purification of the extract on a semipreparative adsorption column and a final quantitation on a reverse-phase column. Vitamin K1(20) and vitamin K1(25), the internal standard, are monitored by fluorescence detection after postcolumn reduction with a methanolic solution of tetramethylammonium octahydridotriborate. This reaction is performed in an open tubular reaction coil at elevated temperature. The median plasma concentration in 50 healthy fasting adults was 247 pg/ml. The levels showed a skewed distribution with a range of 62 to 980 pg/ml [log x +/- 2 SD (log x)]. The method is linear over the entire physiological range and has a within-run precision of 3.6% (n = 5, mean = 311 pg/ml). The minimum detectable amount in serum is 50 pg/ml. Other extraction procedures resulted in lower recoveries or in interferences in the final measurement. The vitamin K1(20) levels as reported by other research groups are also discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Shearer MJ. Assay of K vitamins in tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography with special reference to ultraviolet detection. Methods Enzymol 1986; 123:235-51. [PMID: 3702716 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(86)23027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
22
|
Selavka CM, Krull IS, Bratin K. Analysis for penicillins and cefoperazone by HPLC—photolysis—electrochemical detection (HPLC—hv—EC). J Pharm Biomed Anal 1986; 4:83-93. [PMID: 16867633 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(86)80026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/1984] [Revised: 01/07/1985] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Continuous, post-column, on-line, real-time photolytic derivatization or degradation can now be used following HPLC separation of various penicillin derivatives prior to conventional thin-layer, amperometric electrochemical detection using oxidative working potentials. Beta-lactam derivatives are separated by conventional reversed-phase HPLC, and each separated penicillin is then photolytically degraded to form, it is presumed, stable anionic species, which are then conveyed to the on-line electrochemical detector for qualitative and quantitative determinations. These methods of trace drug analysis have been applied to four separate penicillins or prodrugs, as well as one typical cephalosporin, viz. cefoperazone. Analytical parameters of the analysis have been determined, including dual electrode response ratios, sensitivity, minimum detection limits, linearity of calibration plots and the range of linear calibration. Finally, the analysis of cefoperazone-spiked saline solutions for i.v. administration has been performed in a single-blind study, as well as the determination of bacampicillin HCl in formulations obtained from a drug manufacturer in the United States. The overall method of analysis for these drugs has been demonstrated as being reproducible, accurate, and precise for at least five beta-lactam analogs. It is suggested that other beta-lactams will be amenable to these newer methods of analysis in a wide variety of sample matrices, including solid or liquid formulations, aqueous infusion solutions, and biological media, such as blood and urine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Selavka
- The Barnett Institute of Chemical Analysis and Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Trace Analysis for Explosives and Related Compounds Via High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photolysis-Electrochemical Detection. J Forensic Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1520/jfs11693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
24
|
Langenberg JP, Tjaden UR. Determination of (endogenous) vitamin K1 in human plasma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using fluorometric detection after post-column electrochemical reduction. Comparison with ultraviolet, single and dual electrochemical detection. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1984; 305:61-72. [PMID: 6707155 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the fluorometric detection of K1 and K2 vitamins using post-column electrochemical reduction is described. Dual electrochemical detection in the reduction/reoxidation mode for coulometric/coulometric as well as coulometric/amperometric detection appears to be more sensitive and selective towards the plasma background than simple reductive electrochemical detection, but fluorometric detection after coulometric reduction offers the best results. Combination of normal-phase chromatography and the described method is only possible if supporting electrolyte is added post-column, but leads to higher detection limits. This highly sensitive method is applied to the determination of vitamin K1 in human plasma samples.
Collapse
|
25
|
Shih Y, Carr PW. A post-column photochemical detector for use in the determination of trace metals with n-butyl-2-naphthylmethyldithiocarbamate by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)84296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Gandelman M, Birks J, Brinkman U, Frei R. Liquid chromatographic detection of cardiac glycosides and saccharides based on the photoreduction of anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. J Chromatogr A 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)91603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
27
|
Gandelman M. Liquid chromatographic detection of cardiac glycosides, saccharides and hydrocortisone based on the photoreduction of 2-tert-butylanthraquinone. Anal Chim Acta 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)85589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|