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Takahata Y. My studies of primates: Sex, affinity, and competition. Primates 2023; 64:285-303. [PMID: 37016076 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
In this essay, I summarize my research career, with reference to the early days of the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology (LPA) at Kyoto University led by Kinji Imanishi and Junichiro Itani. When I started conducting research on the sexual behavior of Japanese macaques in 1975, I made some unexpected observations. High-ranking males did not obtain high mating success. Estrous females often rejected the courtships of high-ranking males and chose to mate with lower-ranking males. Some male-female dyads exhibited long-lasting affinitive relations, but they avoided mating. Females frequently showed 'excessive' sexuality. Clear explanations for some of these observations do not exist. After that, I changed my study subjects several times from chimpanzees, Yakushima macaques (a subspecies of Japanese macaque), and ringtailed lemurs. It is difficult to summarize my findings into a consistent story. Instead, I review my research and experiences. Throughout my career, I kept two things in mind. The first was established by Imanishi at the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology at Kyoto University: to explore the evolution of human society. Second, I tried to understand seemingly incomprehensible phenomena using evolutionary theory. Despite adhering to these foundational concepts, things did not always work out as planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Takahata
- School of Policy Studies, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda, 669-1330, Japan.
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2
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Leca JB, Gunst N, Huffman MA, Vasey PL. Effect of Female-Biased Sex Ratios on Female Homosexual Behavior in Japanese Macaques: Evidence for the "Bisexual Preference Hypothesis". ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2015; 44:2125-2138. [PMID: 25946902 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explain the frequent and prevalent female homosexual behavior in the context of female-biased operational sex ratios (OSR) and qualified sex ratios (Q) in a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) living at Arashiyama-Kyoto, Japan. Our data included the average availability of sexually mature males during females' putative fertile period (OSR), the ratio of sexually mature males to sexually mature females (Q), as well as heterosexual and female homosexual solicitations and consortships collected during 13 mating seasons from 136 females. Our results did not support the "heterosexual deprivation hypothesis," which holds that female homosexual behavior is attributable to a shortage of male mates. Likewise, our results did not support the "lack of opposite-sex sexual competitor hypothesis," which holds that females have more access to female mates when male sexual rivals are scarce. Of the 11 predictions tested, only one yielded statistically significant results: we found that higher ratios of availability of preferred female partners to preferred male partners were associated with female homosexual consortships rather than female heterosexual consortships. This result supported the "bisexual preference hypothesis," which holds that female homosexual behavior is attributable to female preference for certain female mates relative to certain male mates. We conclude that when a female targets another female as a mate, it is an active choice for a female sexual partner over available male alternatives, rather than a by-default situation that occurs because males are not available as sexual partners, or because females are better able to access female sexual partners due to a scarcity of male sexual competitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Leca
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Noëlle Gunst
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Michael A Huffman
- Section of Social Systems Evolution, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Paul L Vasey
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
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3
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Colour and contrast of female faces: attraction of attention and its dependence on male hormone status in Macaca fuscata. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Okuyama MW, Shimozuru M, Abe G, Nakai M, Sashika M, Shimada KI, Takahashi N, Fukui D, Nakamura R, Tsubota T. Timing of puberty and its relationship with body growth and season in male raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido. J Reprod Dev 2013; 59:361-7. [PMID: 23603783 PMCID: PMC3944363 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2012-198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The raccoon (Procyon lotor), indigenous to North America, has
naturalized in Japan as an invasive alien species, having been introduced into the country
in the 1970s. In Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan, feral raccoons have been
increasing in number and spreading throughout the island. The age at the onset of puberty
for raccoons is important for estimating individual lifetime reproductive success and
population growth. The present study investigated the timing of and potential factors
affecting the onset of puberty in male raccoons in Hokkaido. External characteristics and
histology of testes were studied in 151 male feral raccoons and in 1 captive juvenile. For
the majority of feral yearling raccoons, prepubertal development began in May, and
spermatozoa production began in October prior to their second mating season. However, some
larger juveniles attained puberty during the juvenile period. The captive juvenile, which
was fed throughout the winter, attained puberty only 11 months after birth. These results
suggest that if male raccoons can achieve enough body growth before the first mating
season, puberty can be attained early. In both juveniles and yearlings, spermatozoa
production was only observed after autumn. This timing coincided with the recrudescence of
seasonally active spermatogenesis in adult males. Therefore, attaining puberty in male
raccoons appears to require both adequate body nutrient development and several
environmental factors that control seasonal testicular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami W Okuyama
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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Perret M. Influence of Social Factors on Seasonal Variations in Plasma Testosterone Levels ofMicrocebus murinus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1985.tb00152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Sarasa M, Serrano E, Pérez JM, Soriguer RC, Gonzalez G, Joachim J, Fandos P, Granados JE. Effects of season, age and body condition on allocation to testes mass in Iberian ibex. J Zool (1987) 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Morphological Characteristics, Growth, and Aging in Japanese Macaques. THE JAPANESE MACAQUES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-53886-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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9
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Li J, Yin H, Zhou L. Non-reproductive copulation behavior among Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Huangshan, China. Primates 2006; 48:64-72. [PMID: 17024512 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-006-0002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2004] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-reproductive copulation, which takes place outside of the mating season and does not result in conception and birth, was studied in a free-ranging group of Tibetan monkeys (Macaca thibetana) at Mt. Huangshan, China, in the birth seasons of 1992 and 1997. We employed all occurrence and focal animal samplings to record sexual and related behaviors and affiliation interactions, respectively. Compared with sexual behavior in mating season, non-reproductive copulation occurred at a lower frequency, with less frequent ejaculation, less harassment, shorter mount duration, and an absence of pause with vocalization. It often took place in a situation in which non-lactating females were involved in social conflict or approached males for mating. Neither pregnant nor lactating females were observed to mate in the birth seasons. Copulation during the birth season did not increase a sexually receptive female's delivery the next year, nor was it associated with increased proximity, grooming, or agonistic aid for the mating pair. However, copulated pairs spent more time co-feeding, presumably reflecting an increased tolerance on the part of the male. Adolescent males, who rarely copulated in the mating season, engaged in mating activity in birth seasons as well. Therefore, though birth-season copulation had no reproductive functions, it may have fulfilled social functions for females, such as post-aggression appeasing by males or gaining access to resources. This also offered good opportunities for adolescent males and females to develop their sexual skills for later competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Li
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, 230039, China.
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10
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Hamada Y, Suzuki J, Ohkura S, Hayakawa S. Changes in testicular and nipple volume related to age and seasonality in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), especially in the pre- and post-pubertal periods. Primates 2004; 46:33-45. [PMID: 15688122 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-004-0099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2003] [Accepted: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated, longitudinally and cross-sectionally, age and seasonal change in both the testis and nipple volume of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in relation to concentration profiles of gonadal steroids: testosterone (T) in males and progesterone (P) in females. Testicular volume (TV) and nipple volume (NV) showed rapid growth at puberty, 4.5 and 3.5 years of age in males and females, respectively, but in both sexes there were precocious individuals. The testis as a whole matures at about 10 years of age. TV change is closely related to T concentration profile. The pattern of TV change is composed of maturation and seasonal effects, with individual variation evident mainly in the latter. Some individuals show a simple pattern consisting of one peak in the breeding season (from summer to winter) and one trough in the non-breeding season. Other individuals exhibit a more complicated pattern composed of two or more peaks and troughs before and during the breeding season. The nipple matures at about 7 years but it is difficult to determine the exact maturational age as there are many confounding factors relating to NV. NV shows seasonal fluctuations similar to that of TV. Many animals have periods of substantial growth whereas others do not. The NV in adults from 10 to 25 years does not appear to change much with age, but animals older than 25 years of age have significantly smaller nipples. Seasonal fluctuation in NV mirrors that of the P level. Considered to be controlled by estrogen and P, the NV is a good indicator of the physiological status of reproduction, with its peak about 2 weeks earlier than that of P, that is, at the mid-follicular phase. NV and P level show a similar pattern in pregnancy; from conception, indicated by a P peak, NV and P concentration first decrease, then they increase until peri-parturition and slowly decrease again until the next breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Hamada
- Morphology Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41 Kanrin, Inuyama 484-8506, Japan.
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11
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Abegg C, Petit O, Thierry B. Variability in behavior frequencies and consistency in transactions across seasons in captive Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Aggress Behav 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ab.10034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Takasu N, Nigi H, Tokura H. Effects of diurnal bright/dim light intensity on circadian core temperature and activity rhythms in the Japanese macaque. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 2002; 52:573-8. [PMID: 12617763 DOI: 10.2170/jjphysiol.52.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms of core temperature and activity were studied using three Japanese macaques under influences of two different light intensities during the daytime. Nocturnal core temperature and activity onset time were lower and advanced, respectively, in bright as compared to dim light. These results suggest the possibility that diurnal bright light could influence the circadian organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Takasu
- Department of Environmental Health, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506 Japan
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13
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Barrett GM, Shimizu K, Bardi M, Asaba S, Mori A. Endocrine correlates of rank, reproduction, and female-directed aggression in male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Horm Behav 2002; 42:85-96. [PMID: 12191651 DOI: 10.1006/hbeh.2002.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fecal testosterone and cortisol levels in six wild male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), three of high rank and three of low, were analyzed to investigate the hormonal correlates of rank, reproduction, and female-directed aggression. The study encompassed the 6-month mating season, from October 1999 to March 2000, during which time 251 fecal samples and approximately 550 h of behavioral data were collected. Dominant males were not found to differ from subordinate males in overall rates of aggressive or copulatory behavior. Likewise, testosterone excretion, which peaked in the early part of the mating season and declined gradually thereafter, did not differ significantly by rank. High-ranking males, however, were observed to excrete significantly higher levels of cortisol than low-ranking males, suggesting that dominance may carry costs. The two hormones were found to be inversely correlated in the two most dominant males, but independent in all others. Rate of noncontact aggression was significantly correlated with testosterone, while no significant relationships were observed between testosterone and contact aggression nor any aspect of copulatory behavior. These data further support the contention that social subordinance and stress are not inexorably linked, as well as suggest that elevated glucocorticoid concentrations in high-ranking males may reflect increased metabolic costs associated with dominant male reproductive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon M Barrett
- Department of Ecology, Kyoto University Primate Research Institute, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan.
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Barrett GM, Shimizu K, Bardi M, Mori A. Fecal testosterone immunoreactivity as a non-invasive index of functional testosterone dynamics in male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Primates 2002; 43:29-39. [PMID: 12091745 DOI: 10.1007/bf02629574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Validation of a simple method for the extraction and quantification of testosterone (T) from the excreta of male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) is presented. Radioimmunoassay of paired fecal and serum samples collected from four intact sexually mature males during the breeding season provided profiles that were significantly correlated when samples were offset by approximately 48 hr. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the pattern of temporal variation of T levels in serum and feces. Two castrated males were injected with radioinert T, and the patterns of excretion were observed by analysis of serial fecal and urine samples. Approximately 48 hr after the steroid was administered, a significant peak in the average fecal T levels was apparent. The injection event was also registered in the urine of both males, although qualitative differences were observed. These data suggest that measures of fecal T provide a reliable and non-invasive means of assessing gonadal function in this species. As the analysis of hormone levels in feces allows for frequent, stress-free sampling with minimal disruption, this method should be preferred in long-term or in situ applications requiring endocrine monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon M Barrett
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan.
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15
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Seasonal ultrastructural modifications of the seminiferous epithelium in twoEulemur species:E. fulvus andE. macaco. Primates 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02629619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Suzuki J, Miwa N, Kumazaki K, Abe M, Kamanaka Y, Matsubayashi N, Gotoh S, Matsubayashi K. The influence of rearing conditions on the physical growth of captive Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:361-6. [PMID: 11346168 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the influence of rearing conditions on the growth of various body parts of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), two groups reared under different conditions, i.e., a group born and reared in open enclosures (Enclosure group) and another consisting of macaques born and reared in cages (Caged group), were somatometrically analyzed. Somatometric data on 36 measures of various body parts were collected from 77 males and 92 females. Growth in many body parts was smaller in the Caged group than in the Enclosure group. Body parts that exhibited large incremental increases were more sensitive to differences in rearing space at the infantile growth stage in both sexes. Recovery from delayed growth at the pubertal growth stage was found in many body parts. However, the size of some locomotor elements such as the wrist and hand, and ankle and foot strongly reflected limitations of space and changes due to this were irreversible. Females were more sensitive than males to such differences in rearing conditions. We conclude that open enclosures with ample rearing space are necessary for the innate growth of Japanese macaques to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Suzuki
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
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17
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Kholkute SD, Gopalkrishnan K, Puri CP. Variations in seminal parameters over a 12-month period in captive bonnet monkeys. Primates 2000; 41:393-405. [PMID: 30545203 DOI: 10.1007/bf02557650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/1999] [Accepted: 08/03/2000] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Semen samples were collected from adult fertile bonnet monkeys twice a month by penile electroejaculation for twelve consecutive months. Various parameters like semen volume, weight of ejaculate and coagulum, sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and functional parameters e.g. plasma membrane integrity,in vitro nuclear chromatin decondensation and acrosomal status were evaluated to assess within and between animal variations. Effects of seasonality, if any, on quantity and quality of semen were also studied. Considerable intra- and inter-individual variations in the geometric mean values were observed for semen volume, weights of ejaculate and coagulum, and sperm counts during the study period. On the other hand, sperm motility, morphology, and functional parameters showed less within and between animal variations. Results on motility, morphology, and functional parameters indicated that good semen quality was maintained throughout the year. Various routine and functional parameters did not show any annual variations. The diurnal rhythmicity in circulatory testosterone levels was observed throughout the year. The study shows lack of seasonality in exocrine and endocrine testicular functions and further suggests that motility, morphology, and functional parameters are better indicators of semen quality in captive bonnet monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Kholkute
- Institute for Research in Reproduction (ICMR), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, 400012, Mumbai, India
| | - Kamala Gopalkrishnan
- Institute for Research in Reproduction (ICMR), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, 400012, Mumbai, India
| | - C P Puri
- Institute for Research in Reproduction (ICMR), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, 400012, Mumbai, India
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18
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Muroyama Y, Imae H, Okuda K. Radio tracking of a male Japanese macaque emigrated from its group. Primates 2000; 41:351-356. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02557604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/1999] [Accepted: 05/22/2000] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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SUZUKI J, OHKURA S, HAYAKAWA S, HAMADA Y. Time Series Analysis of Plasma Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Gonadal Steroids in Adolescent lapanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata). J Reprod Dev 2000. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.46.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juri SUZUKI
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Satoshi OHKURA
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Seiji HAYAKAWA
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Yuzuru HAMADA
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
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20
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Measuring male-female relationships during the mating season in wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui). Primates 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02557581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Torii R, Nigi H. Successful artificial insemination for indoor breeding in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) and the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Primates 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02557564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Garber PA, Moya L, Pruetz JD, Ique C. Social and seasonal influences on reproductive biology in male moustached tamarins (Saguinus mystax). Am J Primatol 1996; 38:29-46. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2345(1996)38:1<29::aid-ajp4>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/1993] [Accepted: 05/09/1994] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Enomoto T, Matsubayashi K, Nagato Y, Nakano M. Seasonal changes in spermatogenic cell degeneration in the seminiferous epithelium of adult Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata). Primates 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02382863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Nagato Y, Enomoto T, Matsubayashi K. Observation on the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) using semithin sections. Primates 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02381954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Life history and male intertroop mobility among Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). INT J PRIMATOL 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02547827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Bernstein IS, Ruehlmann TE, Judge PG, Lindquist T, Weed JL. Testosterone changes during the period of adolescence in male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Am J Primatol 1991; 24:29-38. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350240104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/1990] [Revised: 10/23/1990] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Determinants of male mating success in a large group of Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) at Affenberg Salem. Primates 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02380874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Rise in age of sexual maturation in male Japanese monkeys at Takasakiyama in relation to nutritional conditions. Primates 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02380882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Takenaka A, Gotoh S, Watanabe T, Takenaka O. Developmental changes of plasma alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and inorganic phosphorus in relation to the growth of bones in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata). Primates 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02380962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Nieuwenhuijsen K, Bonke-Jansen M, de Neef KJ, Van der Werff ten Bosch JJ, Slob AK. Physiological aspects of puberty in group-living stumptail monkeys (Macaca arctoides). Physiol Behav 1987; 41:37-45. [PMID: 3685152 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Physiological changes around the time of puberty were studied in a longitudinal manner in male and female stumptail macaques. In the male, testicular descent (mean age 3.3 years) is an early sign of puberty, which coincides with onset of the pubertal spurt in body weight and testis growth and precedes the pubertal rise in plasma testosterone. In the female no clear external signs of puberty have been found. Measurements of plasma progesterone yielded proof of first ovulation (mean age 3.7 years), a late sign of puberty in primates. This event coincided with a fall in the rate of body weight growth at the end of the pubertal growth spurt. Reproductive capacity of both males (first ejaculation) and females (first conception) appears to be reached around the 4th birthday.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nieuwenhuijsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Growth & Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rostal DC, Glick BB, Eaton GG, Resko JA. Seasonality of adult male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata): androgens and behavior in a confined troop. Horm Behav 1986; 20:452-62. [PMID: 3793026 DOI: 10.1016/0018-506x(86)90007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal variations in levels of serum testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), reproductive behavior, and social behavior were investigated in 12 adult males (5 to 20+ years of age) of the Oregon troop of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Blood samples were collected at 2- to 4-month intervals, and behaviors were monitored twice weekly over a 15-month period. Significant seasonal variations in levels of testosterone and DHT, and in frequencies of mount series, ejaculations, number of female partners, displays, courtship, and aggression were observed. Seasonal variations in reproductive and social behaviors did not correlate with seasonal variations in androgen levels because seasonal increases in these behaviors followed seasonal increases in the androgens with a 1- to 2-month delay. However, significant correlations between increased androgen levels and the onset of mating activity occur when mean monthly frequencies of mount series are shifted 1 to 2 months earlier to coincide with the rise in serum androgen levels. The frequency of adult male play and male-male mounting increased significantly when androgen levels were low. We suggest that photoperiod changes may function as a proximate cue in male Japanese macaques which induces a state of biological readiness for mating, and the behavioral consequences (i.e., mating) are then dependent upon the presence of receptive females.
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Hamada Y, Iwamoto M, Watanabe T. Somatometrical features of Japanese monkeys in the Koshima islet: In viewpoint of somatometry, growth, and sexual maturation. Primates 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02381892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) social development: Sex differences in Juvenile behavior. Primates 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02382594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Eley RM, Else JG, Gulamhusein N, Lequin RM. Reproduction in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops): I. Testicular volume, testosterone, and seasonality. Am J Primatol 1986; 10:229-235. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/1985] [Accepted: 11/25/1985] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Castracane VD, Copeland KC, Reyes P, Kuehl TJ. Pubertal endocrinology of yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus): Plasma testosterone, testis size, body weight, and crown-rump length in males. Am J Primatol 1986; 11:263-270. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/1985] [Revised: 05/14/1986] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Inagaki H, Hamada Y. Differences in hair density of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata fuscata) with locality and age. Primates 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02389049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Matsuda Y, Tobari I, Yamagiwa J, Utsugi T, Kitazume M, Nakai S. Delta-ray-induced reciprocal translocations in spermatogonia of the crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Mutat Res 1984; 129:373-80. [PMID: 6513964 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(84)90092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The yield of translocations induced by delta-rays in the crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis) spermatogonia were studied by cytological analysis in spermatocytes derived from them. The frequencies of translocations were 0.09% at 0 Gy, 1.9% at 1 Gy, 2.5% at 2 Gy and 1.3% at 3 Gy, showing a humped dose-response curve with a peak yield around 2 Gy. No remarkable inter-seasonal or inter-animal variations in the induction of translocation were observed. The frequencies in the crab-eating monkey were significantly higher than those in the same Macaca genus, the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) (van Buul, 1976, 1980). This inter-species difference in radiosensitivity might be affected by the condition of spermatogonial stem cells at the time of exposure to radiation, depending on the seasonal change in spermatogenetic activity.
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Hamada Y. Age changes of the carpal bones in macaques: Application of the fourier analysis on the radiographs. Primates 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02381671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Aggression in adult male primates: A comparison of confined Japanese macaques and free-ranging olive baboons. INT J PRIMATOL 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02735738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Burton GJ. Testicular histology of the dusky leaf monkey (presbytis obscura) as it relates to birth pattern in Peninsular Malaysia. INT J PRIMATOL 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02735740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matsubayashi K, Enomoto T. Longitudinal studies on annual changes in plasma testosterone, body weight and spermatogenesis in adult Japanese mankeys (Macaca fuscata fuscata) under laboratory conditions. Primates 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02381685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Michael RP, Zumpe D. Annual rhythms in human violence and sexual aggression in the United States and the role of temperature. SOCIAL BIOLOGY 1983; 30:263-278. [PMID: 6680801 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.1983.9988541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Rostal DC, Eaton GG. Puberty in male Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata): Social and sexual behavior in a confined troop. Am J Primatol 1983; 4:135-141. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350040205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/1982] [Revised: 12/26/1982] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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The relationship between body and gonadal weights of the dusky leaf monkey (Presbytis obscura). INT J PRIMATOL 1981. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02693484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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