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Budginaite E, Kloft M, van Kuijk SMJ, Canao PA, Kooreman LFS, Pennings AJ, Magee DR, Woodruff HC, Grabsch HI. The clinical importance of the host anti-tumour reaction patterns in regional tumour draining lymph nodes in patients with locally advanced resectable gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:847-862. [PMID: 37776394 PMCID: PMC10640417 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01426-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The status of regional tumour draining lymph nodes (LN) is crucial for prognostic evaluation in gastric cancer (GaC) patients. Changes in lymph node microarchitecture, such as follicular hyperplasia (FH), sinus histiocytosis (SH), or paracortical hyperplasia (PH), may be triggered by the anti-tumour immune response. However, the prognostic value of these changes in GaC patients is unclear. METHODS A systematic search in multiple databases was conducted to identify studies on the prognostic value of microarchitecture changes in regional tumour-negative and tumour-positive LNs measured on histopathological slides. Since the number of GaC publications was very limited, the search was subsequently expanded to include junctional and oesophageal cancer (OeC). RESULTS A total of 28 articles (17 gastric cancer, 11 oesophageal cancer) met the inclusion criteria, analyzing 26,503 lymph nodes from 3711 GaC and 1912 OeC patients. The studies described eight different types of lymph node microarchitecture changes, categorized into three patterns: hyperplasia (SH, FH, PH), cell-specific infiltration (dendritic cells, T cells, neutrophils, macrophages), and differential gene expression. Meta-analysis of five GaC studies showed a positive association between SH in tumour-negative lymph nodes and better 5-year overall survival. Pooled risk ratios for all LNs showed increased 5-year overall survival for the presence of SH and PH. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that sinus histiocytosis and paracortical hyperplasia in regional tumour-negative lymph nodes may provide additional prognostic information for gastric and oesophageal cancer patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the lymph node reaction patterns and explore their impact of chemotherapy treatment and immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Budginaite
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The D-Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Kloft
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sander M J van Kuijk
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro A Canao
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Loes F S Kooreman
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander J Pennings
- Department of Surgery, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henry C Woodruff
- The D-Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Heike I Grabsch
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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Lectin microarray technology identifies specific lectins related to lymph node metastasis of advanced gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2016; 19:531-542. [PMID: 25840959 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-015-0491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although various molecular profiling technologies have the potential to predict specific tumor phenotypes, the comprehensive profiling of lectin-bound glycans in human cancer tissues has not yet been achieved. METHODS We examined 242 advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients without or with lymph node metastasis-N0 (n = 62) or N+ (n = 180)-by lectin microarray, and identified the specific lectins highly associated with AGC phenotypes. RESULTS In seven gastric cancer cell lines, in contrast to expressed-in-cancer lectins, not-expressed-in-cancer (NEC) lectins were tentatively designated by lectin microarray. Binding signals of the specific lectins were robustly reduced in AGC patients with N+ status as compared with those with N0 status. The receiver operating characteristic curve determined the optimal cutoff value to differentiate N0 status from N+ status, and subsequent profiling of NEC lectins identified Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) association with the significant other lectins involved in lymph node metastasis. VVA reaction was clearly found on cancer cells, suggesting that it may result from carcinoma-stroma interaction in primary AGC, because VVA is an NEC lectin. Most intriguingly, VVA reaction was remarkably attenuated in the tumor cells of the metastatic lymph nodes, even if it was recognized in primary AGC. In AGC, histological type was strongly associated with soybean agglutinin and Bauhinia purpurea lectin, whereas p53 mutation was the best correlated with Griffonia simplicifolia lectin II. CONCLUSIONS Lectin microarrays can be used to very accurately quantify the reaction of glycans with tumor tissues, and such profiles may represent the specific phenotypes, including N+ status, histological type, or p53 mutation of AGC.
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Fujita Y, Nishioka B, Sakita M, Kojima O, Nomiyama S, Ouchi T, Yamane T, Kasuga M, Majima S. Conservative surgery for regional lymphadenectomy in the treatment of early gastric carcinoma. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1983; 13:184-90. [PMID: 6632391 DOI: 10.1007/bf02469474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between lymph node metastases and postoperative prognosis in 209 patients with early gastric cancer was studied. As to the postoperative prognosis in relation to the extent of lymph nodes dissection, no significant difference was observed among the age-corrected 5-year survival rates following three surgical procedures in patients with early gastric cancer. Age-corrected 5-year survival rates were 0.92 +/- 0.44 R1-resection, 0.95 +/- 0.44 in R2-resection, and 1.00 +/- 0.06 in R3-resection, respectively. In addition, in 71 patients including 33 with early gastric cancer and 38 patients with advanced but relative early gastric carcinoma, the relationship between the immunostatus and postoperative prognosis was investigated. Postoperative age-corrected 5-year survival rate (0.904 +/- 1.153) of the optimal responders with good immunostatus was significantly higher than that (0.582 +/- 1.153) of the suboptimal responders with impaired immunostatus (P less than 0.01). Thus, conservative surgery for regional lymphadenectomy may be an effective procedure for cure of early gastric carcinoma, particularly in cases of a carcinoma limited to the mucosal area of the stomach.
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