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Cui P, Lin Q, Fang D, Zhang L, Li R, Cheng J, Gao F, Shockey J, Hu S, Lü S. Tung Tree (Vernicia fordii, Hemsl.) Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Co-Ordinate Up-Regulation of Fatty Acid β-Oxidation and Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis Pathways During Eleostearic Acid Accumulation in Seeds. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1990-2003. [PMID: 30137600 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is one of only a few plant species that produces high oil-yielding seeds rich in α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA, 18:3Δ9cis, 11trans, 13trans), a conjugated trienoic fatty acid with valuable industrial and medical properties. Previous attempts have been made to engineer tung oil biosynthesis in transgenic oilseed crops, but these efforts have met with limited success. Here we present a high-quality genome assembly and developing seed transcriptomic data set for this species. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing generated 176 Gb of genome sequence data used to create a final assembled sequence 1,176,320 kb in size, with a scaffold N50 size of >474 kb, and containing approximately 47,000 protein-coding genes. Genomic and transcriptomic data revealed full-length candidate genes for most of the known and suspected reactions that are necessary for fatty acid desaturation/conjugation, acyl editing and triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Seed transcriptomic analyses also revealed features unique to tung tree, including unusual transcriptional profiles of fatty acid biosynthetic genes, and co-ordinated (and seemingly paradoxical) simultaneous up-regulation of both fatty acid β-oxidation and triacylglycerol biosynthesis in mid-development seeds. The precise temporal control of the expression patterns for these two pathways may account for α-ESA enrichment in tung seeds, while controlling the levels of potentially toxic by-products. Deeper understanding of these processes may open doors to the design of engineered oilseeds containing high levels of α-ESA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Fang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Fei Gao
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jay Shockey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Songnian Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyou Lü
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Luo M, Smeland T, Shoukry K, Schulz H. Delta 3,5, delta 2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase from rat liver mitochondria. Purification and characterization of a new enzyme involved in the beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)41957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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