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Antwi-Boasiako C, Agbemade B, Ko JH, Barone V, Uzarski R, Lee CY. Synthesis and Evaluation of Water-Soluble Antioxidants Derived from L-carnosine and Syringaldehyde (or Vanillin). Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00228-1. [PMID: 39369939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are well known for their health-related benefits, including antioxidant activities, but most of them are hydrophobic, decreasing their bioavailability. This study reports water-soluble trimeric antioxidants synthesized with L-carnosine and the hydrophobic ortho-methoxy-substituted phenolic unit, syringaldehyde or vanillin. In the DPPH assay, carnosine-syringaldehyde (7.5 μM) and carnosine-vanillin (19 μM) derivatives showed much lower IC50 values than ascorbic acid (27.5 μM) and sodium ascorbate (30.5 μM) standards. According to the AAPH assay, carnosine-syringaldehyde and carnosine-vanillin protect DNA at concentrations as low as 6.5 μM and 26 μM, respectively, while both sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid protected until 52 μM. Another notable property of these antioxidants is they can protect DNA well against hydroxyl radicals, produced via the Fenton reaction: carnosine-syringaldehyde showed DNA protection at all tested concentrations (833-1.6 μM), but the protection was slightly weaker between 26-1.6 μM. Carnosine-vanillin showed strong protection in the 833-104 μM range and some protection between 52-3.2 μM. Conversely, both sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid did not protect DNA at any test concentration. In the pro-oxidant potential assessments, the synthesized antioxidants did not show any pro-oxidant effects at all concentrations, whereas sodium ascorbate showed severe pro-oxidant effects between 833-13 μM and ascorbic acid, 833-52 μM. Our study stresses the importance of ortho-methoxy group(s) for antioxidants as its electron-donating nature contributes to enhancing antioxidant activities, while steric bulk eliminates pro-oxidant effects by preventing the effective binding of transition metal ions to the phenolic hydroxyl group. The hydrophobicity of hindered phenols can be overcome if attached to a water-soluble scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Antwi-Boasiako
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
| | - Blessed Agbemade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA; Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
| | - Jacqueline H Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
| | - Veronica Barone
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA; Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
| | - Rebecca Uzarski
- Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
| | - Choon Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA; Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
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Jukić I, Kolobarić N, Stupin A, Matić A, Kozina N, Mihaljević Z, Mihalj M, Šušnjara P, Stupin M, Ćurić ŽB, Selthofer-Relatić K, Kibel A, Lukinac A, Kolar L, Kralik G, Kralik Z, Széchenyi A, Jozanović M, Galović O, Medvidović-Kosanović M, Drenjančević I. Carnosine, Small but Mighty-Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1037. [PMID: 34203479 PMCID: PMC8300828 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is present in all vertebrates. Carnosine has a number of beneficial antioxidant properties. For example, carnosine scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes created by peroxidation of fatty acid cell membranes during oxidative stress. Carnosine can oppose glycation, and it can chelate divalent metal ions. Carnosine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by protecting podocyte and mesangial cells, and can slow down aging. Its component, the amino acid beta-alanine, is particularly interesting as a dietary supplement for athletes because it increases muscle carnosine, and improves effectiveness of exercise and stimulation and contraction in muscles. Carnosine is widely used among athletes in the form of supplements, but rarely in the population of cardiovascular or diabetic patients. Much less is known, if any, about its potential use in enriched food. In the present review, we aimed to provide recent knowledge on carnosine properties and distribution, its metabolism (synthesis and degradation), and analytical methods for carnosine determination, since one of the difficulties is the measurement of carnosine concentration in human samples. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of carnosine's biological effects in musculature, metabolism and on immunomodulation are discussed. Finally, this review provides a section on carnosine supplementation in the form of functional food and potential health benefits and up to the present, neglected clinical use of carnosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Ana Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Marko Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Breškić Ćurić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, Zvonarska 57, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Kibel
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Lukinac
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Luka Kolar
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vukovar General Hospital, HR-32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Nutricin j.d.o.o. Darda, HR-31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Olivera Galović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Medvidović-Kosanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
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Xiao S, Zhuang H, Zhou G, Zhang J. Investigation of inhibition of lipid oxidation by L-carnosine using an oxidized-myoglobin-mediated washed fish muscle system. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ansari FA, Mahmood R. Carnosine and N-acetyl cysteine protect against sodium nitrite-induced oxidative stress in rat blood. Cell Biol Int 2017; 42:281-293. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fariheen Aisha Ansari
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 UP India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 UP India
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Endogenous L-Carnosine Level in Diabetes Rat Cardiac Muscle. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6230825. [PMID: 27190533 PMCID: PMC4846745 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6230825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for quantitation of cardiac muscle carnosine levels using HPLC-UV is described. In this simple and reliable method, carnosine from the rat cardiac muscle and the internal standard, thymopentin, were extracted by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The method was linear up to 60.96 μg·mL(-1) for L-carnosine. The calibration curve was linear in concentration ranges from 0.5 to 60.96 μg·mL(-1). The relative standard deviations obtained for intra- and interday precision were lower than 12% and the recoveries were higher than 90% for both carnosine and internal standard. We successfully applied this method to the analysis of endogenous carnosine in cardiac muscle of the diabetes rats and healthy control rats. The concentration of carnosine was significantly lower in the diabetes rats group, compared to that in the healthy control rats. These results support the usefulness of this method as a means of quantitating carnosine and illustrate the important role of L-carnosine in cardiac muscle.
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Wojnarowicz A, Sharma PS, Sosnowska M, Lisowski W, Huynh TP, Pszona M, Borowicz P, D'Souza F, Kutner W. An electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer for selective carnosine sensing with impedimetric capacity. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1156-1165. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional monomers are designed for the development of a polymer with molecular cavities selective for the carnosine dipeptide recognition and quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Sosnowska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC PAS)
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
| | | | - Tan-Phat Huynh
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC PAS)
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
| | - Maria Pszona
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC PAS)
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Paweł Borowicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC PAS)
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
- Institute of Electron Technology
- 02-668 Warsaw
| | | | - Wlodzimierz Kutner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC PAS)
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- School of Sciences
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Thornton KJ, Richard RP, Colle MJ, Doumit ME, de Veth MJ, Hunt CW, Murdoch GK. Effects of dietary potato by-product and rumen-protected histidine on growth, carcass characteristics and quality attributes of beef. Meat Sci 2015; 107:64-74. [PMID: 25965965 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that variable composition in finishing rations, more specifically; the proportion of potato-by-product (PBP) and rumen protected histidine (His) supplementation may influence growth and meat quality attributes. Two different diets were fed (1) finishing ration with corn and barley as grains (CB, n = 20) and (2) substitution of 10% corn, DM basis, with PBP (PBP, n = 20). Additionally, half of each dietary treatment received 50 g/hd/d rumen protected His (HS, n= 20) while the other half received no supplement (NS, n = 20). Inclusion of 10% PBP or HS did not affect growth or carcass traits. Color stability was analyzed using Hunter color values as well as AMSA visual appraisal in both longissimus thoracis (LT) and gluteus medius (GM) muscles. The LT, but not the GM, of CB steers was more color stable over a 9 d simulated retail display compared to those fed a PB diet. Steers receiving HS produced significantly (P < 0.05) more color stable LT and GM steaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Thornton
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States.
| | - R P Richard
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
| | - M J Colle
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
| | - M E Doumit
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
| | - M J de Veth
- Balchem Corporation, New Hampton, NY 10958, United States
| | - C W Hunt
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
| | - G K Murdoch
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
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Seo HW, Jung EY, Go GW, Kim GD, Joo ST, Yang HS. Optimization of hydrolysis conditions for bovine plasma protein using response surface methodology. Food Chem 2015; 185:106-11. [PMID: 25952847 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish optimal conditions for the hydrolysis of bovine plasma protein. Response surface methodology was used to model and optimize responses [degree of hydrolysis (DH), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and Fe(2+)-chelating activity]. Hydrolysis conditions, such as hydrolysis temperature (46.6-63.4 °C), hydrolysis time (98-502 min), and hydrolysis pH (6.32-9.68) were selected as the main processing conditions in the hydrolysis of bovine plasma protein. Optimal conditions for maximum DH (%), DPPH radical-scavenging activity (%) and Fe(2+)-chelating activity (%) of the hydrolyzed bovine plasma protein, were respectively established. We discovered the following three conditions for optimal hydrolysis of bovine plasma: pH of 7.82-8.32, temperature of 54.1 °C, and time of 338.4-398.4 min. We consequently succeeded in hydrolyzing bovine plasma protein under these conditions and confirmed the various desirable properties of optimal hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Woo Seo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Woong Go
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Changwon 631-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sul Yang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Malkar VV, Mukherjee T, Kapoor S. Carnosine induced formation of silver nanochains: A radiolytic study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Yang P, Hao Y, Feng J, Lin H, Feng Y, Wu X, Yang X, Gu X. The Expression of Carnosine and Its Effect on the Antioxidant Capacity of Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Finishing Pigs Exposed to Constant Heat Stress. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 27:1763-72. [PMID: 25358371 PMCID: PMC4213689 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of constant high ambient temperatures on meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and carnosine expression in longissimus dorsi muscle of finishing pigs. Castrated 24 male DLY (crossbreeds between Landrace×Yorkshire sows and Duroc boars) pigs were allocated to one of three treatments: constant ambient temperature at 22°C and ad libitum feeding (CON, n = 8); constant high ambient temperature at 30°C and ad libitum feeding (H30, n = 8); and constant ambient temperature at 22°C and pair-fed with H30 (PF, n = 8). Meat quality, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant capacity, carnosine content, and carnosine synthetase (CARNS1) mRNA expression in longissimus dorsi muscle were measured after three weeks. The results revealed that H30 had lower pH24 h, redness at 45 min, and yellowness at 24 h post-mortem (p<0.05), and higher drip loss at 48 h and lightness at 24 h post-mortem (p<0.01). Constant heat stress disrupted the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in longissimus dorsi muscle with higher MDA content (p<0.01) and lower antioxidant capacity (p<0.01). Carnosine content and CARNS1 mRNA expression in longissimus dorsi muscle of H30 pigs were significantly decreased (p<0.01) after three weeks at 30°C. In conclusion, constant high ambient temperatures affect meat quality and antioxidant capacity negatively, and the reduction of muscle carnosine content is one of the probable reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peige Yang
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yue Hao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jinghai Feng
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yuejin Feng
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xianhong Gu
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
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Bekhit AEDA, Hopkins DL, Fahri FT, Ponnampalam EN. Oxidative Processes in Muscle Systems and Fresh Meat: Sources, Markers, and Remedies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2013; 12:565-597. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David L. Hopkins
- NSW Dept. of Primary Industries; Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development; PO Box 129; Cowra; NSW; Australia
| | - Fahri T. Fahri
- Australian Meat Processor Corp. Ltd., 460 Pacific Highway; St Leonards; NSW 2065; Australia
| | - Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Future Farming Systems Research Div.; Dept. of Primary Industries; Werribee; Victoria 3030; Australia
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12
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Cheng JH, Wang ST, Ockerman HW. Quality preservation of reduced sodium pork patties: effects of antioxidants on colour and lipid stability. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:2959-2962. [PMID: 23471643 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of lipid oxidation and colour change of precooked pork patties with reduced sodium and added antioxidants. This study can fill the gap of antioxidant application between meat products with regular and low salt content. RESULTS For precooked pork patties, addition of sodium tripolyphosphate and carnosine increased pH values and cooking yields. Patties with ascorbic acid had significantly higher a* values compared to the other samples. There was no significant difference of b* values among treatments. Precooked pork patties with sodium tripolyphosphate or carnosine had significantly higher L* values compared to other patties. The addition of antioxidants reduced lipid oxidation in precooked pork patties during refrigerated storage, except for the addition of 0.5% carnosine. CONCLUSION Tripolyphosphate and ascorbic acid were successfully proven to be effective in retarding lipid oxidation and preserve the colour stability in reduced salt pork patties. This study provides a preliminary foundation of keeping meat products from lipid oxidation and maintaining in better stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hua Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan County 338, Taiwan.
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Manhiani PS, Northcutt JK, Han I, Bridges WC, Dawson PL. Antioxidant activity of carnosine extracted from various poultry tissues. Poult Sci 2013; 92:444-53. [PMID: 23300312 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present research was 1) to extract carnosine from different low economic value poultry tissues and 2) to measure their antioxidant activities using different analytical methods. Low economic value poultry tissues such as the head, liver, lungs, tail, gizzard, brain, and heart were used in this study. Results have indicated that carnosine was present in all the tissue samples investigated. The liver had the highest (102.29 mg/g) and brain the lowest carnosine content (0.95 mg/g; P ≤ 0.05). Except for the brain, all tissue ultrafiltrates and reconstituted dry powders showed TBA reactive species inhibition ranging from 20.87 to 39.57% and 5.66 -14.47%, respectively. Free radical scavenging activity of ultrafiltrate from all tissues samples ranged from 25.11 to 79.38%, whereas this activity was higher (29.76 to 84.05%) in the reconstituted dry powder of all tissue samples. Conclusions include that extraction of bioactive dipeptide carnosine can be exploited from low economic value poultry tissues to increase the economy of the poultry industry.
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Hashemi S, Zulkifli I, Davoodi H, Zunita Z, Ebrahimi M. Growth performance, intestinal microflora, plasma fatty acid profile in broiler chickens fed herbal plant (Euphorbia hirta) and mix of acidifiers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Peiretti PG, Medana C, Visentin S, Dal Bello F, Meineri G. Effect of cooking method on carnosine and its homologues, pentosidine and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance contents in beef and turkey meat. Food Chem 2012; 132:80-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Choi H, You Y, Hwang K, Lee J, Chun J, Chung JW, Shim S, Park CS, Jun W. Isolation and identification of compound from dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) with protective potential against oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Kumar RS, Kanmani P, Yuvaraj N, Paari KA, Pattukumar V, Thirunavukkarasu C, Arul V. Lactobacillus plantarum AS1 Isolated from South Indian Fermented Food Kallappam Suppress 1,2-Dimethyl Hydrazine (DMH)-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Male Wistar Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:620-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Tsoi B, He RR, Yang DH, Li YF, Li XD, Li WX, Abe K, Kurihara H. Carnosine ameliorates stress-induced glucose metabolism disorder in restrained mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 117:223-9. [PMID: 22123261 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11131fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a natural dipeptide that has shown multiple benefits in the treatment of various diseases. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of carnosine on glucose metabolism in restraint-stressed mice. Our results showed that restraint stress could significantly influence glucose metabolism, as reflected by lowered glucose tolerance, hepatic and muscle glycogen content, and increased plasma corticosterone concentration in mice. Oral administration of carnosine (150 and 300 mg/kg) not only reverted stress-induced decline in glucose tolerance and glycogen content in liver and muscle, but also reduced plasma corticosterone level. Carnosine has also significantly suppressed mRNA expression of glucose-6-phosphatase, while elevating glycogen synthase 2, glucokinase and glucose transporter 2 expressions in the liver. The obtained results demonstrated the harmful effects induced by restraint stress, while proving that carnosine could ameliorate stress-induced glucose metabolism disturbance. It is presumable that carnosine exerts its anti-stress effects by indirectly affecting the histaminergic neuron system, modulating the stress-activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and improving glucose metabolism through regulation of the enzymes in the glucose metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun Tsoi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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19
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Xu R, Shang N, Li P. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharide fractions from Bifidobacterium animalis RH. Anaerobe 2011; 17:226-31. [PMID: 21875680 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rihua Xu
- Key Lab of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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20
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Su D, Song Y, Geng L, Wei B, Xie P, Qi Y, Ma C, Yang S, Bi K, Chen X. Ocular Pharmacokinetic Study of l-Carnosine and N-Acetyl-l-carnosine in Rabbit by Microdialysis Coupled with UPLC-MS-MS. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Amadou I, Le GW, Shi YH, Jin S. Reducing, Radical Scavenging, and Chelation Properties of Fermented Soy Protein Meal Hydrolysate byLactobacillus plantarumLP6. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10942910903312502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Effect of a Probiotic Intake on Oxidant and Antioxidant Parameters in Plasma of Athletes During Intense Exercise Training. Curr Microbiol 2011; 62:1689-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-011-9915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Liu F, Dai R, Zhu J, Li X. Optimizing color and lipid stability of beef patties with a mixture design incorporating with tea catechins, carnosine, and α-tocopherol. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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24
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Su D, Bi K, Zhou C, Song Y, Wei B, Geng L, Liu W, Chen X. Enantioselective Separation and Determination of Carnosine in Rat Plasma by Fluorescence LC for Stereoselective Pharmacokinetic Studies. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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CHEN LISHUI, MA YING, MAUBOIS JEANLOUIS, CHEN LIJUN, LIU QIAOHONG, GUO JIPING. Identifcation of yeasts from raw milk and selection for some specific antioxidant properties. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0307.2009.00548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Sun J, Hu XL, Le GW, Shi YH. Lactobacilli prevent hydroxy radical production and inhibit Escherichia coli and Enterococcus growth in system mimicking colon fermentation. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 50:264-9. [PMID: 20059670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02786.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the effect of Lactobacillus on redox state of colon chyme. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine Lactobacillus strains were studied for the inhibition of lipid peroxide formation in Fe(2+)/ascorbate system and for their ability to chelate 'free' ferrous ion. The result shows both properties were strain specific and no relationship between them was found. Both properties of Lactobacillus paracasei Fn032, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Lactobacillus sp. Fn001 were successively decreasing. LGG and Fn032 significantly decreased hydroxyl radicals (P < 0.01) in colonic fermentation model, in which considerable hydroxyl radicals occurred spontaneously. Addition of ferrous ion induced the production of hydroxyl radicals, which could be significantly inhibited by LGG, Fn032 (P < 0.01) and Fn001 (P < 0.05). Ferrous ion significantly induced the growth of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli, which could be inhibited by all three Lactobacillus strains. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus show significantly positive correlation with hydroxyl radicals with R of 0.96 (P = 0.0002) and 0.91 (P = 0.0017), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Antioxidative Lactobacillus could modulate redox state in colonic fermentation system, which is related to their free radical-scavenging ability or antibacterial effect. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study proves that Lactobacillus strain could influence the redox state of gut chyme. Evaluation of antioxidative ability might be a powerful method for screening probiotic Lactobacillus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Dursun H, Albayrak F, Bilici M, Koc F, Alp HH, Candar T, Kukula O. Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of opipramol on indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2009; 129:861-9. [PMID: 19571522 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.129.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tricyclic antidepressants are particularly useful in the treatment of endogenous depression. Since the 1950s, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have also been used for the treatment of gastric ulcer disease. Many TCAs have been evaluated for their antiulcer effects, but there are presently no data in the literature specifically concerning the antidepressant opipramol. This study aimed to investigate the antiulcer effects of opipramol and to determine its potential relationship with oxidant and antioxidant systems. The antiulcer activities of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg opipramol have been investigated on indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats. Compared with a control group (indomethacin alone), opipramol decreased indomethacin-induced ulcers significantly at all doses used (52%, 71% and 76% respectively). Opipramol also significantly increased the glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the stomach tissue, all of which were decreased in the control group given only indomethacin. All doses of opipramol also significantly decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) levels in stomach tissue compared to the control. In conclusion, the activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms, as well as the inhibition of some toxic oxidant mechanisms, appear to play a role in the antiulcer effect of opipramol. This new indication for opipramol prompts a rethinking about the possible clinical application of opipramol, particularly for peptic ulcer patients also presenting depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Dursun
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Suleyman H, Cadirci E, Albayrak A, Polat B, Halici Z, Koc F, Hacimuftuoglu A, Bayir Y. Comparative study on the gastroprotective potential of some antidepressants in indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 180:318-24. [PMID: 19497431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that anxiolytic and antidepressant drug therapy benefits patients with ulcers. Many antidepressant drugs have been shown experimentally to produce antiulcer activity in various ulcer models. This study investigated the antiulcer activities of tianeptine, trazodone, and venlafaxine on indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats; and evaluated tianeptine's effects on oxidant and antioxidant parameters in rat stomach tissue. The results show that trazodone and venlafaxine did not prevent indomethacin-induced ulcers. Tianeptine, however, decreased indomethacin-induced ulcers significantly at all doses used (6, 12, and 25 mg/kg). Famotidine, an H(2) receptor blocker, showed the highest antiulcer activity. Tianeptine significantly prevented the decrease in glutathione (GSH) content that occurred in the indomethacin-only group's damaged stomach tissues. All doses of tianeptine, but especially the 25 mg/kg dose, significantly decreased catalase (CAT) activity in stomach tissue, compared to the control. All doses of tianeptine eliminated the decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the stomach tissue of rats given indomethacin. Although all doses of tianeptine significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, all doses of tianeptine, except 6 mg/kg, decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities significantly compared to the control. Our results indicate that activating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms and inhibiting some toxic oxidant mechanisms play a role in tianeptine's antiulcer effect mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halis Suleyman
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
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29
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Zhu L, Chen J, Tang X, Xiong YL. Reducing, radical scavenging, and chelation properties of in vitro digests of alcalase-treated zein hydrolysate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:2714-2721. [PMID: 18376842 DOI: 10.1021/jf703697e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the antioxidant potential of alcalase-treated zein hydrolysate (ZH) during a two-stage (1 h of pepsin --> 0.5-2 h of pancreatin, 37 degrees C) in vitro digestion. Sephadex gel filtration and high-performance size exclusion chromatography were used to separate ZH into fractions. The amino acid composition, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(+*)) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and Cu (2+) chelation ability were tested to determine the antioxidant efficacy of ZH. Results showed that in vitro digests of ZH contained up to 16.5% free amino acids, with short peptides (<500 Da) making up the rest of the mass. The ABTS(+*) scavenging activity of ZH was decreased by 27% (P<0.05) after pepsin treatment but was fully recovered upon subsequent pancreatin digestion, while the DPPH* scavenging activity of ZH was substantially less than ABTS(+*) scavenging activity and showed a 7-fold reduction following pancreatin treatment. The reducing power of ZH increased 2-fold (P<0.05) following pancreatin digestion when compared with nondigested ZH. The ability of ZH to sequester Cu (2+) was reduced by pepsin digestion but was reestablished following pancreatin treatment. The antioxidant activity demonstrated by in vitro digests of ZH (1-8 mg/mL) was comparable to or exceeded (P<0.05) that of 0.1 mg/mL of ascorbic acid or BHA. The results suggested that dietary zein alcalase hydrolysate may have the benefit to promote the health of the human digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Xu X, Katayama S, Mine Y. Antioxidant activity of tryptic digests of hen egg yolk phosvitin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2007; 87:2604-2608. [PMID: 20836168 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food protein-derived peptides with antioxidant activity have great potential for use as natural antioxidants in food products. However, neither the structure-activity relationship nor the antioxidant mechanism of peptides is fully understood. Egg yolk phosvitin has been acknowledged to have strongly antioxidant protein owing to its highly phosphorylated form. In this study the antioxidant activities of tryptic digests of hen egg yolk phosvitin (PPPs), which were prepared by partial dephosphorylation and subsequent hydrolysis by trypsin, were compared with that of intact phosvitin. RESULTS Compared with intact phosvitin, PPPs exhibited distinctly stronger capability of inhibiting lipid oxidation in a linoleic acid system and more efficient radical-scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. However, the chelating capability of PPPs on iron(II) was weaker than that of intact phosvitin. The strong antioxidant activity of PPPs can be mainly attributed to the amino acid composition rather than to the content of phosphorylserine ligands. Histidine, methionine and tyrosine are the amino acids most likely to be responsible for the strong antioxidant activity of phosvitin peptides. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that PPPs could be used in foods as natural antioxidants with strong antioxidant activity. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Xu
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Cadirci E, Suleyman H, Aksoy H, Halici Z, Ozgen U, Koc A, Ozturk N. Effects of Onosma armeniacum root extract on ethanol-induced oxidative stress in stomach tissue of rats. Chem Biol Interact 2007; 170:40-8. [PMID: 17681286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2007] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Onosma armeniacum K. (Boraginaceae) root extract (AR-1) on ethanol-induced stomach ulcers, and on some oxidant and antioxidant parameters, in stomach tissue in rats. The results obtained showed that AR-1 significantly inhibited ethanol-induced ulcers at 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. We found that 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses of AR-1 inhibited ulcers more effectively than did ranitidine. AR-1 at doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly prevented the decrease in total glutathione (tGSH) level which occurs in damaged stomach tissues of rats given ethanol (control group). Only a 100 mg/kg dose of AR-1 significantly increased the glutathione S-transferase (GST) level in stomach tissue compared to the control. All doses of AR-1 except the 25 mg/kg dose eliminated the decrease in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in the stomach tissue of rats given ethanol. While all doses of AR-1 decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly; all doses AR-1 except 25 mg/kg decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels significantly compared to the control. The effect of AR-1 on catalase (CAT) activity was insignificant at all doses. AR-1 significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) levels at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses compared to the control. Our results indicate that the protection of some antioxidant mechanisms and the inhibition of some oxidant mechanisms have a role in AR-1's antiulcer effect mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Cadirci
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Makena P, Chung KT. Evidence that 4-aminobiphenyl, benzidine, and benzidine congeners produce genotoxicity through reactive oxygen species. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2007; 48:404-13. [PMID: 17370336 DOI: 10.1002/em.20288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
4-Aminobyphenyl (4-Ab), benzidine (Bz), and Bz congeners were evaluated for their ability to induce genotoxicity through an oxidative mechanism. The mutagenicity of these compounds was tested in the presence and absence of Aroclor 1254-induced rat S9 mix using Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA102, which is sensitive to agents producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the presence of S9, 4-Ab, Bz, N-acetyl-benzidine, and 3,3-dimethoxybenzidine were strongly mutagenic in TA102, whereas, 3,3,5,5-tetra-methylbenzidine, 3,3-dimethylbenzidine (O-tolidine), and N,N-diacetylbenzidine were not mutagenic. In addition, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine and 4,4-dinitro-2-biphenylamine were directly mutagenic in TA102. Incorporation of the free radical and metal scavengers, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), butylated hydroxytolune (BHT), and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) reduced the mutagenic responses of 4-Ab and Bz, whereas heat-inactivated catalase and SOD had no effect. 4-Ab and Bz also induced lipid peroxidation in the presence of S9 mix as shown using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. The results of this study indicate that 4-Ab and Bz induce mutations through the induction of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrudu Makena
- Department of Biology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Makena PS, Chung KT. Effects of various plant polyphenols on bladder carcinogen benzidine-induced mutagenicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:1899-909. [PMID: 17560706 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Benzidine (Bz), a human bladder carcinogen, was strongly mutagenic to Salmonella TA102 tester strain in the Ames Salmonella microsome/mutagenicity assay in the presence of rat liver S9 mix. Various non-mutagenic plant polyphenols were included in the assay to test their inhibitory effects on the Bz-induced mutations. Coumestrol, ellagic acid (EA), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epichatechingallate (ECG), gallic acid (GA), (-)-gallocatechin (GC), plumbagin, propyl gallate (PG), taxifolin, and 2,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone were found to have a strong inhibitory effect on Bz-induced mutations. (-)-Epigallo-catechingallate (EGCG), fisetin, (-)-gallocatechingallate (GCG), and piceatannol were moderately inhibitory to the mutations; whereas, (-)-catechin, (-)-catechingallate (CG), and reseveratrol were weakly inhibitory to the mutations. (-)-Epigallocatechin (EGC) and 7,3',4'-trihydroxy isoflavon were not inhibitory to the Bz-induced mutations. Isoliquirtigenin, quercetin dihydrate, and rhein were found to be mutagenic in tester strain TA102. Benzidine mediated lipid peroxidation was conducted employing the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay using linoleic acid as a substrate. In the presence of rat liver S9 mix, Bz could cause lipid peroxidation as an outcome of production of oxygen free radicals. Incorporation of the above mentioned non-mutagenic plant polyphenols significantly inhibited benzidine mediated lipid peroxidation in a time dependent manner. These polyphenols also effectively reduced the iron mediated lipid peroxidation. Thus, it is concluded that the inhibition of oxidative mutagenicity of Bz by plant polyphenols could be due to an inhibitory effect of plant polyphenols on the bioactivating enzymes such as cytochrome P-450 and peroxidase and the chelation of iron present in the cytochrome P-450 in the S9 mix. Thus, these plant polyphenols play a significant inhibitory role on Bz-induced mutagenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrudu S Makena
- Department of Biology, The University of Memphis, TN 38152, United States.
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35
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36
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Lipid oxidation and color change of salted pork patties. Meat Sci 2007; 75:71-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Flaczyk E, Rudzińska M, Wąsowicz E, Korczak J, Amarowicz R. Effect of cracklings hydrolysates on oxidative stability of pork meatballs fat. Food Res Int 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schurink M, van Berkel WJH, Wichers HJ, Boeriu CG. Identification of Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Peptides from β-Casein by Using SPOT Synthesis. Chembiochem 2006; 7:743-7. [PMID: 16628755 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200500461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Schurink
- Agrotechnology and Food Innovations, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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40
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Intarapichet KO, Maikhunthod B. Genotype and gender differences in carnosine extracts and antioxidant activities of chicken breast and thigh meats. Meat Sci 2005; 71:634-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2004] [Revised: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Wang LL, Xiong YL. Inhibition of lipid oxidation in cooked beef patties by hydrolyzed potato protein is related to its reducing and radical scavenging ability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:9186-92. [PMID: 16277421 DOI: 10.1021/jf051213g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein hydrolysates were prepared by limited alcalase hydrolysis (0.5, 1, and 6 h, corresponding to degrees of hydrolysis of 0.72, 1.9, and 2.3, respectively) of heat-coagulated potato protein. The hydrolysates were characterized for peptide composition, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging activity, and Fe2+- and Cu2+-chelation capacity. Hydrolyzed and intact proteins were formulated (4%, w/w) into beef patties to determine in situ antioxidant efficacy. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and peroxide value (PV) formed in cooked and PVC-packaged patties during storage (4 degrees C, 0-7 days) were analyzed. Hydrolysis increased the protein solubility by 14-19-fold and produced numerous short peptides (< 6 kDa). The FRAP values of the protein sample (23 micromol/g) increased markedly after hydrolysis but were similar between the three hydrolysates (597-643 micromol/g). Similarly, the ABTS radical-scavenging activity also was increased by hydrolysis and was the greatest for the 1-h hydrolysate. Hydrolysis increased the Cu2+-chelation activity but decreased the Fe2+-chelation ability of the protein. The production of PV in patties after 7 days of storage was lowered 44.9% and 74.5% (P < 0.05), and that of TBARS was reduced 40.9% and 50.3% (P < 0.05), by intact and hydrolyzed proteins, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn L Wang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
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Lee J, Hwang KT, Heo MS, Lee JH, Park KY. Resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3099 from Kimchi to oxidative stress. J Med Food 2005; 8:299-304. [PMID: 16176138 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2005.8.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidative capacity of two lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi, a Korean fermented food, was evaluated by measuring the resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and compared with that of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as a positive control. Both intact cells and cell-free extracts of Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3099 exhibited higher antioxidative activity in inhibiting lipid peroxidation among the strains evaluated with an inhibitory level of 38.6% and 48.5%, respectively. To evaluate the resistance of the two lactic acid bacteria to ROS, we tested their survival in the presence of 1 mM hydrogen peroxide, 0.4 mM hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anions induced by 10 mM paraquat. L. plantarum KCTC 3099 was viable even after 8 hours in the presence of both 1 mM hydrogen peroxide and 0.4 mM hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, the survival of L. plantarum KCTC 3099 was not affected by superoxide anions generated by using paraquat, indicating that it has resistance to superoxide anions. To define the antioxidative mechanism, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metal ion chelating activities were determined. L. plantarum KCTC 3099 presented little SOD activity, but had the higher level of chelating activity for both Fe2+ and Cu2+ metal ions at 13.6 ppm and 23.9 ppm, respectively. These results suggested that the antioxidative capacity of L. plantarum KCTC 3099 is apparently caused by chelating metal ions rather than by SOD activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Food & Life Sciences, Nambu University, Gwangju, Korea
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The Antioxidative Activity of Glutathione-Enriched Extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-8 in In Vitro Model System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2005.15.5.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lee J, Hwang KT, Chung MY, Cho DH, Park CS. Resistance of Lactobacillus casei KCTC 3260 to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS): Role for a Metal Ion Chelating Effect. J Food Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Heat and ultrafiltration extraction of broiler meat carnosine and its antioxidant activity. Meat Sci 2005; 71:364-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2004] [Revised: 04/13/2005] [Accepted: 04/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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Sánchez-Escalante A, Djenane D, Torrescano G, Giménez B, Beltrán JA, Roncalés P. Evaluation of the antioxidant ability of hydrazine-purified and untreated commercial carnosine in beef patties. Meat Sci 2003; 64:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2002] [Revised: 05/28/2002] [Accepted: 06/19/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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47
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The effects of natural antioxidants on oxidative processes and metmyoglobin reducing activity in beef patties. Food Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0308-8146(02)00410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Toufektsian MC, Morel S, Tanguy S, Jeunet A, de Leiris J, Boucher F. Involvement of reactive oxygen species in cardiac preconditioning in rats. Antioxid Redox Signal 2003; 5:115-22. [PMID: 12626123 DOI: 10.1089/152308603321223603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To date, the involvement of reactive oxygen species in ischemic preconditioning in vivo in rats is not clearly demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to determine whether N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (MPG), a cell-diffusible hydroxyl radical scavenger, and carnosine, a potent singlet oxygen quencher, could block protection afforded by a single cycle of ischemic preconditioning in vivo in the rat. An ESR study was first performed to validate in vitro the specific antioxidant properties of carnosine and MPG. In a second set of experiments, open-chest rats were subjected to 30 min of left coronary occlusion followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Preconditioning was elicited by 5 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion. Neither MPG (1-h infusion, 20 mg/kg) nor carnosine injection (bolus, 25 micro mol/rat) affected infarct size. The infarct size-limiting effect of preconditioning was completely blunted by MPG, whereas carnosine did not alter the cardioprotection. It is concluded that free radicals and especially hydroxyl radicals could be involved in the adaptive mechanisms induced by a single cycle of preconditioning in vivo in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claire Toufektsian
- Laboratoire Stress Cardiovasculaires et Pathologies Associées, Université Joseph Fourier, Bâtiment Jean Roget, Domaine de La Merci, 38706 La Tronche cedex, France
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Carlsen CU, Kröger-Ohlsen M, Lund MN, Lund-Nielsen T, Rønn B, Skibsted LH. Antioxidant properties of carnosine re-evaluated in a ferrylmyoglobin model system and in cooked pork patties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2002; 50:7164-7168. [PMID: 12428977 DOI: 10.1021/jf020671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidative effect of purified carnosine (i.e., separated from the common contaminant hydrazine) has been evaluated in two systems: (i) Carnosine was found to possess poor reducing properties toward the prooxidant ferrylmyoglobin; at pH approximately 5 the presence of carnosine did not increase the rate of reduction of MbFe(IV)=O compared to autoreduction, whereas at pH 7.4 the rate constant for reduction by carnosine was 0.010 +/- 0.002 M(-1).s(-1) (I = 0.16; 25.0 degrees C). (ii) In cooked pork patties prepared from meat (longissimus dorsi and masseter) with purified or nonpurified carnosine added, the effect of purified carnosine was insignificant when compared to control patties, whereas patties with carnosine contaminated with hydrazine had a lower oxidation level than patties with purified carnosine. Carnosine is concluded not to deactivate the prooxidant ferrylmyoglobin and not to have any antioxidative effect in cooked pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte U Carlsen
- Department of Dairy and Food Science, Food Chemistry, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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50
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Torreggiani A, Taddei P, Tinti A, Fini G. Vibrational study on the cobalt binding mode of Carnosine. J Mol Struct 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(02)00314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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