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Pan DT, Yan WC, Luo ZH. Solid-liquid equilibrium of 3,3-dilauryl thiodipropionate/lauryl alcohol in melt crystallization and model based process design. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Firus Khan AY, Ahmed QU, Nippun TS, Hilles A, Jalal TK, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Noor SM, Seeni A, Khatib A, Wahab RA. Determination toxic effects of Hystrix Brachyura Bezoar extracts using cancer cell lines and embryo zebrafish (Danio rerio) models and identification of active principles through GC-MS analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113138. [PMID: 32726681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Porcupine bezoar (PB) is used as folk medicine for various medical conditions including cancer treatment in Malaysia. However, its toxicity profile has never been thoroughly ascertained to confirm its safe nature as an efficacious traditional medicine in the treatment of cancer as well as other ailments. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to reveal three different PBs' aqueous extracts(viz. PB-A, PB-B, PB-C) chemical constituent's profile using GC-MS analysis, anticancer property on A375, HeLa and MCF7 cancer cells, toxicity profile on zebrafish embryo morphology, EC50, LC50 and teratogenicity index. MATERIALS AND METHODS PBs' extracts characterization was performed through GC-MS analysis, in vitro anticancer effect was carried out on A375, HeLa and MCF7 cancer cell lines and finally and toxicity properties on three different PBs aqueous extracts (viz. PB-A, PB-B, PB-C) were determined using zebrafish embryo model. RESULTS The GC-MS analysis revealed 10 similar compounds in all PBs' extracts. Dilauryl thiodipropionate was found to be a major compound in all PBs' extracts followed by tetradecanoic acid. An in vitro anticancer study revealed PB extracts exerted median inhibition concentration (IC50) <50 μg/mL, on cancer cells viz. A375, HeLa and MCF7 with no significant toxicity on normal cells viz. NHDF cells. In vivo toxicity of PBs extracts found affecting tail detachment, hatching, craniofacial, brain morphology, soft tissues, edema, spinal, somites, notochord and cardiovascular system (brachycardia, disruption of blood circulation) deformities. The LC50 and EC50 demonstrated PB extracts effect as dose and time dependent with median concentration <150.0 μg/mL. Additionally, teratogenicity index (TI) viz. >1.0 revealed teratogenic property for PB extracts. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that all three PBs aqueous extracts possessed anticancer activity and exhibited significant toxicological effects on zebrafish embryos with high teratogenicity index. Hence, its use as an anticancer agent requires further investigation and medical attentions to determine its safe dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al'aina Yuhainis Firus Khan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Tanzina Sharmin Nippun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ayah Hilles
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Tara K Jalal
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Pharmacogenomics Centre PROMISE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Pharmacogenomics Centre PROMISE, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azman Seeni
- Cluster of Integrative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, 60155, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ridhwan Abdul Wahab
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kuliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and chemical profiling of Curvularia tsudae endophytic in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:300. [PMID: 32550117 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that endophytic fungal metabolites possess important biological activities. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., a well-known grass species with potential medicinal properties, is under-explored for the diversity of endophytic fungal species and their metabolites. We report here the diversity of endophytic fungi in the culm, leaf and inflorescence of Cynodon dactylon when cultured on moist blotter (MB), potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt extract agar (MEA). Species richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity and evenness indices showed that PDA followed by MEA supported the growth of the largest number of fungal species. Amongst four fungal species tested, Curvularia tsudae was selected for further studies on antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The mycelial mat (MM) and culture filtrate (CF) of PD broth grown Curvularia tsudae extracted with ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively, were subjected to antimicrobial assay against five bacterial and four fungal test isolates. Results indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of CF had moderate activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Staphylococcus aureus whereas the methanolic MM extract showed high to moderate activity to Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and Fusarium oxysporum. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of ethyl acetate extract showed very good antioxidant activity and the extract contained coumarins when determined by HPLC. High-resolution orbitrap LC-MS of ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of metabolites with antimicrobial and antioxidant and other biological activities. Finding of the present study suggested that Curvularia tsudae could be exploited for pharmaceutical applications.
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Comparative evaluation of free radical scavenging activities and cytotoxicity of various solvent fractions of Sandong Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C. Johnst. branches. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1683-1691. [PMID: 30263463 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C.Johnst., an evergreen tender shrub of the Rhamnaceae, has been used as folk medicine and in traditional tea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the free radical scavenging activity and cell cytotoxicity of S. thea branches. The ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction were identified to be rich in phenolic compounds exhibiting impressive antioxidant activity after stepwise partitioning of solvent fractions of the methanol extracts of S. thea branches (MB). Among the different human cancer cells tested, maximum cytotoxicity was found in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells with MB, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fraction. A significant (p<0.05) correlation between antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity exists in each fraction. These results suggest the branches of S. thea can be a valuable source of antioxidants, and they can serve as natural anticancer constituents in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
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