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Wang WY, Bi JF, Hu JX, Li X. Metabolomics comparison of four varieties apple with different browning characters in response to pretreatment during pulp processing. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114600. [PMID: 38945570 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Browning commonly appeared in apple processing, which varied in different apple varieties. Present work investigated the metabolomics of four varieties apple of Yataka, Gala, Sansa, and Fuji, which possessed different browning characteristics and related enzymes. Sansa as browning insensitive apple variety, exhibited the least chroma change with the lowest PPO activity and the highest SOD activity among the four apple varieties. Browning inhibition pretreatment increased the activity of SOD and PAL and decreased PPO and POD activity. In addition, metabolomic variances among the four apple varieties (FC), their browning pulp (BR) and browning inhibition pulp (CM) were compared. And the key metabolites were in-depth analyzed to match the relevant KEGG pathways and speculated metabolic networks. There were 487, 644, and 494 significant differential metabolites detected in FC, BR and CM, which were consisted of lipids, benzenoids, phenylpropanoids, organheterocyclic compounds, organic acids, nucleosides, accounting for 23 %, 11 %, 15 %, 16 %, 11 % of the total metabolites. The differential metabolites were matched with 39, 49, and 36 KEGG pathways in FC, BR, and CM, respectively, in which other secondary metabolites biosynthesis metabolism was the most significant in FC, lipid metabolism was the most significant in BR and CM, and energy metabolism was markedly annotated in CM. Notably, Sansa displayed the highest number of differential metabolites in both its BR (484) and CM (342). The BR of Sansa was characterized by flavonoid biosynthesis, while the other three apple varieties were associated with α-linolenic acid metabolism. Furthermore, in browning sensitive apple varieties, the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was significantly activated by browning inhibition pretreatment. Phenolic compounds, lipids, sugars, organic acids, nucleotides, and adenosine were regulated differently in the four apple varieties, potentially serving as key regulatory sites. Overall, this work provides novel insight for browning prevention in different apple varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jin-Feng Bi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jia-Xing Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wang T, Ye P, Xu X, Lu M, Zhang X, Li N. Metabolic engineering combined with site-directed saturated mutations of α-keto acid decarboxylase for efficient production of 6-aminocaproic acid and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 38956978 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
6-Aminocaproic acid (6ACA) and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) are key precursors for nylon synthesis, and both are produced using petroleum-based chemical processes. However, the utilization of bio-based raw materials for biological production of monomers is crucial for nylon industry. In this study, we demonstrated that metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli and selected mutations of α-keto acid decarboxylase successfully synthesized 6ACA and HMDA. An artificial iterative cycle from l-lysine to chain-extended α-ketoacids was introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Then, the extended α-ketoacids were decarboxylated and oxidized for 6ACA production. Overexpression of catalase (KatE) combined with the site-directed mutations of α-isopropylmalate synthase (LeuA) contributed synergistic enhancement effect on synthesis of 6ACA, resulting in a 1.3-fold increase in 6ACA titer. Selected mutations in α-keto acid decarboxylase (KivD) improved its specificity and 170.00 ± 5.57 mg/L of 6ACA with a yield of 0.13 mol/mol (6ACA/ l-lysine hydrochloride) was achieved by shake flask cultivation of the engineered strain with the KivD# (F381Y/V461I). Meanwhile, the engineered E. coli could accumulate 84.67 ± 4.04 mg/L of HMDA with a yield of 0.08 mol/mol (HMDA/ l-lysine hydrochloride) by replacing aldehyde dehydrogenase with bi-aminotransferases. This achievement marks a significant advancement in the biological synthesis of 6-carbon compounds, since the biosynthetic pathways of HMDA are rarely identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Ye
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqing Lu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiqiang Li
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Benghaffour A, Azzouz A, Dewez D. Ecotoxicity of Diazinon and Atrazine Mixtures after Ozonation Catalyzed by Na + and Fe 2+ Exchanged Montmorillonites on Lemna minor. Molecules 2023; 28:6108. [PMID: 37630359 PMCID: PMC10459125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of two pesticides, diazinon (DAZ) and atrazine (ATR), before and after montmorillonite-catalyzed ozonation was comparatively investigated on the duckweed Lemna minor. The results allowed demonstrating the role of clay-containing media in the evolution in time of pesticide negative impact on L. minor plants. Pesticides conversion exceeded 94% after 30 min of ozonation in the presence of both Na+ and Fe2+ exchanged montmorillonites. Toxicity testing using L. minor permitted us to evaluate the change in pesticide ecotoxicity. The plant growth inhibition involved excessive oxidative stress depending on the pesticide concentration, molecular structure, and degradation degree. Pesticide adsorption and/or conversion by ozonation on clay surfaces significantly reduced the toxicity towards L. minor plants, more particularly in the presence of Fe(II)-exchanged montmorillonite. The results showed a strong correlation between the pesticide toxicity towards L. minor and the level of reactive oxygen species, which was found to depend on the catalytic activity of the clay minerals, pesticide exposure time to ozone, and formation of harmful derivatives. These findings open promising prospects for developing a method to monitor pesticide ecotoxicity according to clay-containing host-media and exposure time to ambient factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Benghaffour
- NanoQAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Abdelkrim Azzouz
- NanoQAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - David Dewez
- NanoQAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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Balló A, Czétány P, Busznyákné KS, Márk L, Mike N, Török A, Szántó Á, Máté G. Oxido-Reduction Potential as a Method to Determine Oxidative Stress in Semen Samples. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11981. [PMID: 37569357 PMCID: PMC10418886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There are different estimates for the incidence of infertility. Its occurrence may vary from area to area, but on average, it affects 15% of couples and 10-12% of men worldwide. Many aspects of infertility can be linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process of oxidative stress (OS). The association between poor semen quality and OS is well known. Unfortunately, there is no accepted protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of OS in andrology. Oxido-reduction potential (ORP) measurement is a new method for determining the ratio between oxidant and antioxidant molecules. Currently, ORP measurement is one of the fastest and most user-friendly methods of andrological OS determination and our goals were to confirm published correlations between ORP values and sperm parameters, examine how sperm concentration influences these results, and investigate whether intracellular ROS formations are also manifested in the ORP values or not after artificial ROS induction. Intracellular ROS formations were induced by menadione (superoxide anion inducer), hydrogen peroxide, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (lipid peroxidation inducer) treatments; sperm parameters like motility and viability were determined with an SCA Scope system, and ORP changes were recorded by the Mioxsys system. Significant correlations were noticed among the ORP, spermatozoa concentration, motility, progressive motility, and viability. Nevertheless, only the ORP value after normalization with the sperm count correlated with these parameters. Due to normalization, very low and very high sperm concentrations can give misleading results. The means of the non-normalized ORP values were almost the same. All of the applied treatments resulted in decreases in the viability, motility, and progressive motility, and interestingly, altered ORP levels were detected. In addition, it was determined that seminal plasma had a significant protective effect on spermatozoa. The elimination of seminal plasma caused higher sensitivity of spermatozoa against used OS inducers, and higher ORP levels and decreased viabilities and motilities were measured. The ORP level could be a good indicator of male OS; however, in cases of low and high sperm counts, its result can be misleading. Overall, the conclusion can be drawn that ORP determination is a suitable method for detecting intracellular ROS accumulation, but it has limitations that still need to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Balló
- Pannon Reproduction Institute, 8300 Tapolca, Hungary; (A.B.); (K.S.B.); (A.T.)
- Urology Clinic, University of Pécs Clinical Centre, 7621 Pécs, Hungary; (P.C.); (Á.S.)
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Péter Czétány
- Urology Clinic, University of Pécs Clinical Centre, 7621 Pécs, Hungary; (P.C.); (Á.S.)
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | | | - László Márk
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nóra Mike
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Attila Török
- Pannon Reproduction Institute, 8300 Tapolca, Hungary; (A.B.); (K.S.B.); (A.T.)
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Árpád Szántó
- Urology Clinic, University of Pécs Clinical Centre, 7621 Pécs, Hungary; (P.C.); (Á.S.)
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Máté
- Pannon Reproduction Institute, 8300 Tapolca, Hungary; (A.B.); (K.S.B.); (A.T.)
- Urology Clinic, University of Pécs Clinical Centre, 7621 Pécs, Hungary; (P.C.); (Á.S.)
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
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Solouki A, Zare Mehrjerdi M, Azimi R, Aliniaeifard S. Improving basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil yield following down-regulation of photosynthetic functionality by short-term application of abiotic elicitors. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Castillo-Mendoza E, Zamilpa A, González-Cortazar M, Ble-González EA, Tovar-Sánchez E. Chemical Constituents and Their Production in Mexican Oaks ( Q. Rugosa, Q. Glabrescens and Q. Obtusata). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2610. [PMID: 36235477 PMCID: PMC9573139 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mexico is considered one of the main regions of diversification of the genus Quercus (oaks). Oak species are one of the most important tree groups, particularly in temperate forests, due to its diversity and abundance. Some studies have shown that oak contains specialized metabolites with medicinal importance. In this work, the acetonic extract from leaves of three Mexican oaks (Quercus rugosa, Q. glabrescens, and Q. obtusata) was separated using thin-layer chromatography and column chromatography. Chemical identification of the major compounds was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Nineteen compounds were identified, three belonging to the terpenoid family (ursolic acid, β-amyrin, and β-sitosterol) and 16 from the phenolic family. Of the isolated compounds, seven are new reports for oak species (scopoletin, ursolic acid, β-amyrin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-sambubioside). More compounds were identified in Q. rugosa followed by Q. glabrescens and then Q. obtusata. The characterization of specialized metabolites in oak species is relevant, from both phytocentric and anthropocentric perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elgar Castillo-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ever A. Ble-González
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km. 0.5, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Efraín Tovar-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
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Ali V, Behera S, Nawaz A, Equbal A, Pandey K. Unique thiol metabolism in trypanosomatids: Redox homeostasis and drug resistance. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2022; 117:75-155. [PMID: 35878950 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosomatids are mainly responsible for heterogeneous parasitic diseases: Leishmaniasis, Sleeping sickness, and Chagas disease and control of these diseases implicates serious challenges due to the emergence of drug resistance. Redox-active biomolecules are the endogenous substances in organisms, which play important role in the regulation of redox homeostasis. The redox-active substances like glutathione, trypanothione, cysteine, cysteine persulfides, etc., and other inorganic intermediates (hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide) are very useful as defence mechanism. In the present review, the suitability of trypanothione and other essential thiol molecules of trypanosomatids as drug targets are described in Leishmania and Trypanosoma. We have explored the role of tryparedoxin, tryparedoxin peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutaredoxins in the anti-oxidant mechanism and drug resistance. Up-regulation of some proteins in trypanothione metabolism helps the parasites in survival against drug pressure (sodium stibogluconate, Amphotericin B, etc.) and oxidative stress. These molecules accept electrons from the reduced trypanothione and donate their electrons to other proteins, and these proteins reduce toxic molecules, neutralize reactive oxygen, or nitrogen species; and help parasites to cope with oxidative stress. Thus, a better understanding of the role of these molecules in drug resistance and redox homeostasis will help to target metabolic pathway proteins to combat Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Ali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Sachidananda Behera
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Afreen Nawaz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Asif Equbal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India; Department of Botany, Araria College, Purnea University, Purnia, Bihar, India
| | - Krishna Pandey
- Department of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India
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Casas-Godoy L, Arellano-Plaza M, Kirchmayr M, Barrera-Martínez I, Gschaedler-Mathis A. Preservation of non-Saccharomyces yeasts: Current technologies and challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3464-3503. [PMID: 34096187 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a recent and growing interest in the study and application of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, mainly in fermented foods. Numerous publications and patents show the importance of these yeasts. However, a fundamental issue in studying and applying them is to ensure an appropriate preservation scheme that allows to the non-Saccharomyces yeasts conserve their characteristics and fermentative capabilities by long periods of time. The main objective of this review is to present and analyze the techniques available to preserve these yeasts (by conventional and non-conventional methods), in small or large quantities for laboratory or industrial applications, respectively. Wine fermentation is one of the few industrial applications of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, but the preservation stage has been a major obstacle to achieve a wider application of these yeasts. This review considers the preservation techniques, and clearly defines parameters such as culturability, viability, vitality and robustness. Several conservation strategies published in research articles as well as patents are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique used are discussed. Another important issue during conservation processes is the stress to which yeasts are subjected at the time of preservation (mainly oxidative stress). There is little published information on the subject for non-Saccharomyces yeast, but it is a fundamental point to consider when designing a preservation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Casas-Godoy
- Industrial Biotechnology Unit, National Council for Science and Technology-Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Melchor Arellano-Plaza
- Industrial Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Manuel Kirchmayr
- Industrial Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Iliana Barrera-Martínez
- Industrial Biotechnology Unit, National Council for Science and Technology-Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Anne Gschaedler-Mathis
- Industrial Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
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Nivedita, Rawoof A, Ramchiary N, Abdin MZ. A high-throughput RNA-Seq approach to elucidate the transcriptional response of Piriformospora indica to high salt stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4129. [PMID: 33602957 PMCID: PMC7893156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Piriformospora indica, a root endophytic fungus, augments plant nutrition and productivity as well as protects plants against pathogens and abiotic stresses. High salinity is a major problem faced by plants as well as by microbes. Until now, the precise mechanism of salt stress tolerance in P. indica has remained elusive. In this study, the transcriptomes of control and salt-treated (0.5 M NaCl) P. indica were sequenced via the RNA-seq approach. A total of 30,567 transcripts and 15,410 unigenes for P. indica were obtained from 7.3 Gb clean reads. Overall 661 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and treated samples were retrieved. Gene ontology (GO) and EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG) enrichments revealed that DEGs were specifically involved in metabolic and molecular processes, such as "response to salt stress", "oxidoreductase activity", "ADP binding", "translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis", "cytoskeleton", and others. The unigenes involved in "cell wall integrity", "sterol biosynthesis", and "oxidative stress" such as Rho-type GTPase, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, and thioredoxin peroxidase were up-regulated in P. indica subjected to salt stress. The salt-responsive DEGs have shown that they might have a potential role in salt stress regulation. Our study on the salt-responsive DEGs established a foundation for the elucidation of molecular mechanisms related to P. indica stress adaptation and a future reference for comparative functional genomics studies of biotechnologically important fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Rawoof
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Malik Z Abdin
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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Świderska-Burek U, Daub ME, Thomas E, Jaszek M, Pawlik A, Janusz G. Phytopathogenic Cercosporoid Fungi-From Taxonomy to Modern Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8555. [PMID: 33202799 PMCID: PMC7697478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogenic cercosporoid fungi have been investigated comprehensively due to their important role in causing plant diseases. A significant amount of research has been focused on the biology, morphology, systematics, and taxonomy of this group, with less of a focus on molecular or biochemical issues. Early and extensive research on these fungi focused on taxonomy and their classification based on in vivo features. Lately, investigations have mainly addressed a combination of characteristics such as morphological traits, host specificity, and molecular analyses initiated at the end of the 20th century. Some species that are important from an economic point of view have been more intensively investigated by means of genetic and biochemical methods to better understand the pathogenesis processes. Cercosporin, a photoactivated toxin playing an important role in Cercospora diseases, has been extensively studied. Understanding cercosporin toxicity in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production facilitated the discovery and regulation of the cercosporin biosynthesis pathway, including the gene cluster encoding pathway enzymes. Furthermore, these fungi may be a source of other biotechnologically important compounds, e.g., industrially relevant enzymes. This paper reviews methods and important results of investigations of this group of fungi addressed at different levels over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Świderska-Burek
- Department of Botany, Mycology and Ecology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Margaret E. Daub
- Department Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612, USA; (M.E.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612, USA; (M.E.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Magdalena Jaszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (A.P.); (G.J.)
| | - Anna Pawlik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (A.P.); (G.J.)
| | - Grzegorz Janusz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.J.); (A.P.); (G.J.)
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Haydari M, Maresca V, Rigano D, Taleei A, Shahnejat-Bushehri AA, Hadian J, Sorbo S, Guida M, Manna C, Piscopo M, Notariale R, De Ruberto F, Fusaro L, Basile A. Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Alleviate the Effects of Heat Stress on Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Mentha × piperita and Mentha arvensis L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E547. [PMID: 31766277 PMCID: PMC6912601 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the chemical profile of essential oils and antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase CAT, superoxide dismutase SOD, Glutathione S-transferases GST, and Peroxidase POX) in Mentha × piperita L. (Mitcham variety) and Mentha arvensis L. (var. piperascens), in response to heat stress. In addition, we used salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin (M), two brassinosteroids that play an important role in regulating physiological processes, to assess their potential to mitigate heat stress. In both species, the heat stress caused a variation in the composition of the essential oils and in the antioxidant enzymatic activity. Furthermore both Salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin (M) alleviated the effect of heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Haydari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj 77871-31587, Iran; (M.H.); (A.T.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alireza Taleei
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj 77871-31587, Iran; (M.H.); (A.T.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Ali Akbar Shahnejat-Bushehri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj 77871-31587, Iran; (M.H.); (A.T.); (A.A.S.-B.)
| | - Javad Hadian
- Medicinal Plants and Drug Research Institute, ShahidBeheshti University, G.C. Tehran 11369, Iran;
| | - Sergio Sorbo
- C.e.S.M.A. University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Caterina Manna
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Luigi de Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Rosaria Notariale
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Luigi de Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Francesca De Ruberto
- Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Lina Fusaro
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.); (F.D.R.)
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12
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Pucci C, Martinelli C, Ciofani G. Innovative approaches for cancer treatment: current perspectives and new challenges. Ecancermedicalscience 2019; 13:961. [PMID: 31537986 PMCID: PMC6753017 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2019.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, cancer is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide and, even though much progress has been achieved in medicine, there are still many issues that must be addressed in order to improve cancer therapy. For this reason, oncological research is putting a lot of effort towards finding new and efficient therapies which can alleviate critical side effects caused by conventional treatments. Different technologies are currently under evaluation in clinical trials or have been already introduced into clinical practice. While nanomedicine is contributing to the development of biocompatible materials both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, bioengineering of extracellular vesicles and cells derived from patients has allowed designing ad hoc systems and univocal targeting strategies. In this review, we will provide an in-depth analysis of the most innovative advances in basic and applied cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Pucci
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinelli
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
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13
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Morais GDS, Vieira TB, Santos GS, Baika LM, Cestari MM, Grassi MT, Navarro da Silva MA. Biological, biochemical and genotoxic effects of Sb in the midge Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino and Strixino, 1981 (Diptera: Chironomidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 176:196-203. [PMID: 30928891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic systems, antimony (Sb) is found in the water column and associated with sediment particles being bioavailable to organisms. Consequently, toxic effects have been detected in benthic invertebrates, but the toxicity after Sb exposure in Chironomidae have not been investigated. Were investigated DNA damage, activities of cholinesterase (ChE), alpha and beta esterase (EST-α, EST-β), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation after acute (48 h) and subchronic exposure (8 d). We also investigated the effects of subchronic (8 d) on development of larvae and chronic (25 d) Sb exposure on emergence and size of adults of Chironomus sancticaroli. Were analyze Sb nominal concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 800 μg.L-1. Genotoxic effects occurred at higher concentrations upon acute (50, 800 μg.L-1) and subchronic exposure (50 μg.L-1). Acute exposure increased ChE, EST-α, EST-β, and GST activities. Subchronic Sb exposure increased EST-α activity at 0.2 μg.L-1 and GST activity at 5 μg.L-1. CAT activity increased at all concentrations while increasing lipid peroxidation levels were observed (1 μg.L-1, 5 μg.L-1 and 50 μg.L-1), indicating oxidative stress. All concentrations of Sb delayed larval development and decreased the number of emerging adults. At high concentrations (50, 500, 800 μg.L-1), the emerging adults were smaller. In conclusion, these varying genotoxic, biochemical and biological effects of Sb make a notable impact on the reproduction and population dynamics of C. sancticaroli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Loana M Baika
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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14
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Tafer H, Poyntner C, Lopandic K, Sterflinger K, Piñar G. Back to the Salt Mines: Genome and Transcriptome Comparisons of the Halophilic Fungus Aspergillus salisburgensis and Its Halotolerant Relative Aspergillus sclerotialis. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E381. [PMID: 31137536 PMCID: PMC6563132 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt mines are among the most extreme environments as they combine darkness, low nutrient availability, and hypersaline conditions. Based on comparative genomics and transcriptomics, we describe in this work the adaptive strategies of the true halophilic fungus Aspergillus salisburgensis, found in a salt mine in Austria, and compare this strain to the ex-type halotolerant fungal strain Aspergillus sclerotialis. On a genomic level, A. salisburgensis exhibits a reduced genome size compared to A. sclerotialis, as well as a contraction of genes involved in transport processes. The proteome of A. sclerotialis exhibits an increased proportion of alanine, glycine, and proline compared to the proteome of non-halophilic species. Transcriptome analyses of both strains growing at 5% and 20% NaCl show that A. salisburgensis regulates three-times fewer genes than A. sclerotialis in order to adapt to the higher salt concentration. In A. sclerotialis, the increased osmotic stress impacted processes related to translation, transcription, transport, and energy. In contrast, membrane-related and lignolytic proteins were significantly affected in A. salisburgensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakim Tafer
- VIBT EQ Extremophile Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Caroline Poyntner
- VIBT EQ Extremophile Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ksenija Lopandic
- VIBT EQ Extremophile Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- VIBT EQ Extremophile Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Guadalupe Piñar
- VIBT EQ Extremophile Center, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Salles GN, Calió ML, Afewerki S, Pacheco-Soares C, Porcionatto M, Hölscher C, Lobo AO. Prolonged Drug-Releasing Fibers Attenuate Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36693-36702. [PMID: 30298718 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Delivering drugs and agents to the brain is a huge challenge, especially for chronic neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this, prolonged and sustained release methods to increase brain uptake represent an impacting concept. The bioresorbable polymer poly-lactic acid (PLA) has high potential for medical implants; at the same time, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues have considerable neuroprotective attributes and represent a therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, a biodevice is produced by electrospinning PLA with a GLP-1 analogue (liraglutide, LG), coated with a thin layer of gelatin. The biodevice is subcutaneously implanted in a transgenic mouse model of AD and LG is released for 14 days in mice serum. After 4 weeks of implantation, crucial hallmarks of the AD are highly diminished: hippocampal senile amyloid β plaque load and neuroinflammatory markers. Furthermore, neurogenesis is enhanced in the subventricular zone, an important neurogenic niche in the brain. The designed biodevice holds great promise for being an affordable candidate to act as a prolonged drug provider, promoting LG mission through increasing its lifetime, constituting a relevant approach for old and impaired brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geisa Nogueira Salles
- Laboratory of Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento , Universidade do Vale do Paraiba , Sao Jose dos Campos 12244-000 , São Paulo , Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina , Universidade Federal São Paulo , São Paulo 04021-00 , Brazil
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ , U.K
| | - Michele Longoni Calió
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina , Universidade Federal São Paulo , São Paulo 04021-00 , Brazil
| | - Samson Afewerki
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Brigham & Women's Hospital , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Cristina Pacheco-Soares
- Laboratory of Dynamics of Cellular Compartments, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento , Universidade do Vale do Paraiba , Sao Jose dos Campos 12244-000 , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marimelia Porcionatto
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina , Universidade Federal São Paulo , São Paulo 04021-00 , Brazil
| | - Christian Hölscher
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ , U.K
| | - Anderson O Lobo
- Institute of Science and Technology , Universidade Brasil , Itaquera 08230-030 , São Paulo , Brazil
- LIMAv-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, PPGCM-Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program , UFPI-Federal University of Piaui , Teresina 64049-550 , Piauí , Brazil
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139-4307 , United States
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16
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Brozmanova M, Hanacek J. Hyperoxia-induced regulation of cough reflex and its effect after antioxidant supplementation. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 257:75-81. [PMID: 29438812 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoxia-induced lung injury is well known in animal and human studies. The respiratory epithelium including sensory nerve endings is a major target for oxidative injury that manifested in lung function changes including cough. On the basis of available information we supposed that hyperoxia alone or in combination with primary lung tissue injury should have a damaging effect on lungs, including the airway nerve endings with the changes in the sensitivity of the central and peripheral neuronal pathways regulating cough. We have previously demonstrated that long-term exposure to 100% oxygen inhibits the cough reflex in cat. This review article summarizes the effect of hyperoxia on the cough reflex in guinea pig model using different concentrations of oxygen and different time of exposure. We also present information on the potential role of antioxidants in reversal of the detrimental effects of hyperoxia on coughing and additional analysis of experiments from previously published studies were obtained and analysed for the cough reflex sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brozmanova
- Biomedical Center Martin JFM CU, Slovakia; Department of Pathophysiology JFM CU, Slovakia.
| | - Jan Hanacek
- Department of Pathophysiology JFM CU, Slovakia
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17
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Máté G, Bernstein LR, Török AL. Endometriosis Is a Cause of Infertility. Does Reactive Oxygen Damage to Gametes and Embryos Play a Key Role in the Pathogenesis of Infertility Caused by Endometriosis? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:725. [PMID: 30555421 PMCID: PMC6281964 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately, 10-15% of women of reproductive age are affected by endometriosis, which often leads to infertility. Endometriosis often has an inherited component, and several causative predisposing factors are hypothesized to underlie the pathogenesis of endometriosis. One working hypothesis is the theory of retrograde menstruation. According to the theory of retrograde menstruation, components of refluxed blood, including apoptotic endometrial tissue, desquamated menstrual cells, lysed erythrocytes, and released iron, induce inflammation in the peritoneal cavity. This in turn activates macrophage release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress via the respiratory burst. Refluxed blood promotes the Fenton reaction, terminating in the production of hydroxyl radical, the most potently destructive ROS. In this article, we review the papers that demonstrate decreased quantity and quality of oocytes and embryos retrieved from IVF/ICSI patients with endometriosis. We discuss literature data demonstrating that ROS are generated in endometriotic tissues that have physical proximity to gametes and embryos, and demonstrating adverse impacts on oocyte, sperm and embryo microtubule apparatus, chromosomes, and DNA. Data that addresses the notions that endometriosis causes oocyte and fetal aneuploidy and that these events are mediated by ROS species are also discussed. Literature data are also discussed that employ use of anti-oxidant molecules to evaluate the importance of ROS-mediated oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Studies are discussed that have employed anti-oxidants compounds as therapeutics to improve oocyte and embryo quality in infertile subjects, and improve fertility in patients with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Máté
- Pannon Reproduction Institute, Tapolca, Hungary
| | - Lori R. Bernstein
- Pregmama, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Attila L. Török
- Pannon Reproduction Institute, Tapolca, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Attila L. Török
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18
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Gharwalova L, Sigler K, Dolezalova J, Masak J, Rezanka T, Kolouchova I. Resveratrol suppresses ethanol stress in winery and bottom brewery yeast by affecting superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid profile. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:205. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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19
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Singh D, Pal M, Singh CK, Taunk J, Jain P, Chaturvedi AK, Maurya S, Karwa S, Singh R, Tomar RSS, Nongthombam R, Chongtham N, Singh MP. Molecular Scanning and Morpho-Physiological Dissection of Component Mechanism in Lens Species in Response to Aluminium Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160073. [PMID: 27467074 PMCID: PMC4970855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) stress was imposed on 285 lentil genotypes at seedling stage under hydroponics to study its effects on morpho-physiological traits where resistant cultigens and wilds showed minimum reduction in root and shoot length and maximum root re-growth (RRG) after staining. Molecular assortment based on 46 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers clustered the genotypes into 11 groups, where wilds were separated from the cultigens. Genetic diversity and polymorphism information content (PIC) varied between 0.148-0.775 and 0.140-0.739, respectively. Breeding lines which were found to be most resistant (L-7903, L-4602); sensitive cultivars (BM-4, L-4147) and wilds ILWL-185 (resistant), ILWL-436 (sensitive) were grouped into different clusters. These genotypes were also separated on the basis of population structure and Jaccard's similarity index and analysed to study Al resistance mechanism through determination of different attributes like localization of Al and callose, lipid peroxidation, secretion of organic acids and production of antioxidant enzymes. In contrast to sensitive genotypes, in resistant ones most of the Al was localized in the epidermal cells, where its movement to apoplastic region was restricted due to release of citrate and malate. Under acidic field conditions, resistant genotypes produced maximum seed yield/plant as compared to sensitive genotypes at two different locations i.e. Imphal, Manipur, India and Basar, Arunanchal Pradesh, India during 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. These findings suggest that Al stress adaptation in lentil is through exclusion mechanism and hybridization between the contrasting genotypes from distinct clusters can help in development of resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sadhana Maurya
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sourabh Karwa
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Sewak Singh Tomar
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rita Nongthombam
- KVK West Siang, ICAR RC for NEH Region, A.P. Centre, Basar, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Nandini Chongtham
- KVK Imphal East, Andro, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
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20
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Kanta J. The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide and Other Reactive Oxygen Species in Wound Healing. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2016; 54:97-101. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2016.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex physiological process important for tissue homeostasis. An acute injury initiates massive cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, synthesis of extracellular matrix components, scar formation and remodelling. Blood flow and tissue oxygenation are parts of the complex regulation of healing. Higher organisms utilize molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant. This way of gaining energy for vital processes such as healing leads to the production of a number of oxygen compounds that may have a defensive or informatory role. They may be harmful when present in high concentrations. Both the lack and the excess of reactive oxygen species may influence healing negatively.
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21
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Pádrová K, Kolouchová I, Řezanka T, Čejková A. Using nutritional and oxidative stress to increase content of healthbeneficial fatty acids in oleaginous and non-oleaginous yeasts. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2016-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AbstractYeast responses to stress conditions include an increase in lipid content and concomitant changes in content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Some fatty acids are among the dietetically important fatty acids and new possibilities are sought for their biotechnological production in addition to those already exploited from marine organisms, nuts and other sources. The possibility of the production of palmitoleic and linoleic acids resulting from new approaches to traditional biotechnologically useful yeast species (
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22
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Xu C, Zuo Z, Liu K, Jia H, Zhang Y, Luo H. Transcriptome analysis of the Tan sheep testes: Differential expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes and proteins in response to dietary vitamin E supplementation. Gene 2015; 579:47-51. [PMID: 26723511 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene-chip technology was employed to study the effect of dietary vitamin E on gene expression in sheep testes based on our previous research. Thirty-five male Tan sheep (20-30 days after weaning) with similar body weight were randomly allocated into five groups and supplemented 0, 20, 100, 200 and 2,000 IU sheep(-1)day(-1) vitamin E (treatments denoted as E0, E20, E100, E200, and E2000, respectively) for 120 days. At the end of the study the sheep were slaughtered and the testis samples were immediately collected and stored in liquid nitrogen. Differences in gene expression between different treated groups were identified. Based on GO enrichment analysis and the KEGG database to evaluate the gene expression data we found that vitamin E might affect genes in the testes by modulating the oxidation level, by affecting the expression of various receptors and transcription factors in biological pathways, and by regulating the expression of metabolism-associated genes. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on the expression of oxidative enzyme-related genes was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The results show that dietary vitamin E, at various doses, can significantly increase (P<0.05) the mRNA and protein expression of Glutathione peroxidase 3 and Glutathione S-transferase alpha 1. In addition, the results of qRT-PCR of the antioxidant enzyme genes were consistent with those obtained using the gene chip microarray analysis. In summary, the dietary vitamin E treatment altered the expression of a number of genes in sheep testes. The increase in the mRNA and protein levels of antioxidant enzyme genes, coupled with the elevation in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes were primarily responsible for the improved reproductive performance promoted by dietary vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhaoyun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Huina Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Comparative study of genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities of monoterpenes camphor, eucalyptol and thujone in bacteria and mammalian cells. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 242:263-71. [PMID: 26482939 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxic/antigenotoxic, mutagenic/antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of monoterpenes camphor, eucalyptol and thujone were determined in bacteria and mammalian cells using alkaline comet assay, Escherichia coli K12 reversion test and MTT assay, respectively. When applied in low doses (up to 200 μM in bacterial assay and 50 μM in comet assay) monoterpenes protected repair proficient E. coli and Vero cells against UV-induced mutagenesis and 4NQO-induced DNA strand breaks, respectively. Antimutagenic response was not detected in nucleotide excision repair (NER) deficient bacteria. When monoterpenes were applied in higher doses, a weak mutagenic effect was found in mismatch repair (MMR) and NER deficient E. coli strains, while induction of DNA strand breaks was evident in human fetal lung fibroblasts MRC-5, colorectal carcinoma HT-29 and HCT 116 cells, as well as in Vero cells. Moreover, the involvement of NER, MMR and RecBCD pathways in repair of DNA lesions induced by monoterpenes was demonstrated in E. coli. Camphor, eucalyptol and thujone were cytotoxic to MRC-5, HT-29 and HCT 116 cells. The most susceptible cell line was HCT 116, with IC50 values of 4.5 mM for camphor, 4 mM for eucalyptol and 1 mM for thujone. Observed effects of monoterpenes are consistent with hormesis response, characterized by a low dose beneficial effect and a high dose adverse effect of a stressor agent, and provide a basis for further study of both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of camphor, eucalyptol and thujone.
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24
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Karácsony Z, Gácser A, Vágvölgyi C, Hamari Z. Further characterization of the role of the mitochondrial high-mobility group box protein in the intracellular redox environment of Aspergillus nidulans. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2015; 161:1897-1908. [PMID: 26297166 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HmbB, a predominantly mitochondrial high-mobility group box (HMGB) protein, of Aspergillus nidulans affects diverse biological activities, such as sterigmatocystin production, the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA copy number, germination of asexual and sexual spores, and protection against oxidative stress agents. We hypothesized that the latter correlates with an unbalanced intracellular redox state, in which case, a not yet fully characterized physiological function could be attributed to this mitochondrial HMGB protein. Here, we studied the intracellular redox environment and oxidative stress tolerance in hmbB+ and hmbBΔ strains under normal and oxidative stress conditions by measuring glutathione redox couple, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and ROS-protecting enzyme activities. Our results revealed that the intracellular redox environment is different in hmbBΔ conidia and mycelia from that of hmbB+, and shed light on the seemingly contradictory difference in the tolerance of hmbBΔ mycelia to diamide and menadione oxidative stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Karácsony
- Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Attila Gácser
- Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Hamari
- Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
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Dar TA, Uddin M, Khan MMA, Hakeem K, Jaleel H. Jasmonates counter plant stress: A Review. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 115:49-57. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Rings CC, Rafferty AR, Guinea ML, Reina RD. The impact of extended preovipositional arrest on embryonic development and hatchling fitness in the flatback sea turtle. Physiol Biochem Zool 2014; 88:116-27. [PMID: 25730267 DOI: 10.1086/677951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Turtle embryos pause development before oviposition in a process known as preovipositional arrest. Embryonic development arrests due to hypoxia (low oxygen) in the maternal oviducts and resumes only after exposure to normoxia when eggs are laid. Recently, several studies have hypothesized that the prolonged periods of preovipositional arrest may have a detrimental effect on embryo survival and development after eggs are laid. We tested this hypothesis by comparing embryo survival (determined by white spot formation and hatching success) and hatchling fitness (measured by self-righting, crawling, and swimming ability) of flatback sea turtle (Natator depressus) eggs following incubation in hypoxic (∼ 1%) and normoxic (∼ 21%) treatments for 5 d immediately following oviposition. We also measured embryo survival and hatchling fitness when eggs were incubated in hyperoxic conditions (42% oxygen), to determine whether hyperoxia could improve developmental outcome or whether some consequence of oxidative stress might manifest. Eggs incubated in hypoxia remained arrested during the 5-d treatment, and 97.5% of the eggs successfully recommenced development after exposure to normoxia when the treatment finished. At treatment commencement, 100% and 97.5% of eggs in the hyperoxic and normoxic treatments, respectively, began developing. Although hatching success was significantly lower following hypoxia (15%) compared to normoxia (80%) and hyperoxia (85%), hatchings from the hypoxic treatment were larger (carapace length and width and plastron length) than normoxic hatchlings. Similarly, hypoxic hatchings also swam significantly faster than hyperoxic hatchlings. Considering larger hatchlings may have a greater chance of survival, the production of larger hatchings may offset the high cost (lower hatching success) when preovipositional arrest is prolonged. Hyperoxia does not appear to have deleterious consequences for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe C Rings
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; 2Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Faculty of Education, Health and Science, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
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Regulation of oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic processes of citrinin in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Toxicon 2014; 90:155-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Photocatalysis of Titanium Dioxide for Water Disinfection: Challenges and Future Perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/973484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The performance of metal oxides such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), in the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, is determined by semiconducting properties. The conversion process is closely related to the light-induced reactivity between oxide semiconductors and water, which may lead to partial water oxidation and consequently water disinfection. Key performance-related properties are considered here, including light absorption, light-induced ionisation over the band gap, charge separation, charge transport, charge transfer, and the chemical reactions taking place at anodic and cathodic sites. Optimisation of these interconnected performance-related properties is discussed, along with the photocatalytic application in water disinfection.
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Gazdag Z, Kálmán N, Blaskó A, Virág E, Belágyi J, Pesti M. Regulation of the unbalanced redox state in a Schizosaccharomyces pombe tert-butyl hydroperoxide-resistant mutant. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2014; 65:218-26. [PMID: 24873914 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.65.2014.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The one-gene mutation in the tert-butyl hydroperoxide-resistant mutant hyd1-190 of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe led to a 4-fold increase in resistance to t-BuOOH and decreased specific concentrations of superoxide and total thiols in comparison with the parental strain hyd+. It suggested an unbalanced redox state of the cells, which induced continuously increased specific activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase and decreased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to regulate the redox balance of the mutation-induced permanent, low-level but tolerable internal stress. These results may contribute to the understanding of internal, oxidative stress-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gazdag
- University of Pécs Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences Pécs Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Kálmán
- University of Pécs Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences Pécs Hungary
| | - Agnes Blaskó
- University of Pécs Institute of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Medicine Pécs Hungary
| | - Eszter Virág
- University of Pécs Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences Pécs Hungary
| | - J Belágyi
- University of Pécs Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Pécs Hungary
| | - M Pesti
- University of Pécs Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences Pécs Hungary
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Gazdag Z, Máté G, Certik M, Türmer K, Virág E, Pócsi I, Pesti M. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide-induced differing plasma membrane and oxidative stress processes in yeast strains BY4741 and erg5Δ. J Basic Microbiol 2014; 54 Suppl 1:S50-62. [PMID: 24687861 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201300925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) elicited cytotoxicity and the background of t-BuOOH sensitivity were studied in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ergosterol-less gene deletion mutant erg5Δ and its parental strain BY4741. In comparison to BY4741, untreated erg5Δ cells exhibited alterations in sterol and fatty acid compositions of the plasma membrane, as reflected by the inherent amphotericin B resistance, an elevated level (31%) of plasma membrane rigidity and a decreased uptake of glycerol. Surprisingly, the untreated erg5Δ cells exhibited an unbalanced intracellular redox state, accompanied by the continuous upregulation of the antioxidant enzymes Mn superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase, which resulted in decreased specific concentrations of superoxide and peroxides and elevated levels of the hydroxyl radical and thiols. The 2.5-fold sensitivity of erg5Δ to t-BuOOH suggested that the oxidative stress adaptation processes of the mutant could not restore the redox homeostasis of the cells and there is an overlap between sterol and redox homeostases. t-BuOOH treatment of both strains induced adaptive modification of the sterol and fatty acid compositions, increased the plasma membrane fluidity and elevated the specific activities of most antioxidant enzymes through specific regulation processes in a strain-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Gazdag
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Fariduddin Q, Yusuf M, Ahmad I, Ahmad A. Brassinosteroids and their role in response of plants to abiotic stresses. BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s10535-013-0374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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Kumar P, Maurya PK. L-cysteine efflux in erythrocytes as a function of human age: correlation with reduced glutathione and total anti-oxidant potential. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 16:179-84. [PMID: 23442131 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2012.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiol compounds such as cysteine (Cys) and reduced glutathione (GSH) play an important role in human aging and age-related diseases. In erythrocytes, GSH is synthesized by glutamic acid, cysteine, and glycine, but the rate of GSH synthesis is determined only by the availability of L-cysteine. Cysteine supplementation has been shown to ameliorate several parameters that are known to degenerate during human aging. We have studied L-cysteine efflux in vitro in human erythrocytes as a function of age by suspending cells in solution containing 10 mM L-cysteine for uptake; later cells were re-suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-glucose to allow efflux. Change in the free sulfhydryl (-SH) concentration was then measured to calculate the rate of efflux. The GSH/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio was taken as a control to study the oxidation/reduction state of the erythrocyte. The total anti-oxidant potential of plasma was measured in terms of ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) values. We have shown a significant (p<0.0001) decline in the efflux of L-cysteine in erythrocytes during human aging, and the GSH/GSSG ratio decreases as a function of human age. The decline in L-cysteine efflux during aging correlates with the decrease in GSH and the FRAP value. This finding may help to explain the shift in the redox status and low GSH concentration that might determine the rate of L-cysteine efflux observed in erythrocytes and an important factor in the development of oxidative stress in erythrocytes during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhanshu Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
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Regulation of cytotoxic, non-estrogenic, oxidative stress-induced processes of zearalenone in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Toxicon 2013; 73:130-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Teisseire H, Vernet G. Ascorbate and glutathione contents in duckweed, Lemna minor, as biomarkers of the stress generated by copper, folpet and diuron. Biomarkers 2013; 5:263-73. [PMID: 23885979 DOI: 10.1080/135475000413818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione and ascorbate are essential components of the general antioxidative strategy to overcome oxidative stress due to environmental constraints such as pollution. The variation of glutathione and ascorbate contents in duckweed (Lemna minor) was investigated after a 48 h exposure to copper, diuron and folpet under laboratory conditions in order to determine whether changes in their level could serve as suitable and early biomarkers of pollution. One could observe that diuron and folpet caused the glutathione level to increase, its redox status remaining unchanged, while copper led to a depletion of this antioxidant and to an increase in its oxidation rate. When duckweed was contaminated by folpet and the metal, an increase of the ascorbate pool size occurred from concentrations as low as 1 mg l(-1) and 50 μg l(-1) respectively. While the ascorbate pool became more oxidized because of exposure to copper concentrations ≤ 200 μg l(-1), folpet caused an increase in its reduction rate. Diuron was responsible for depletion of ascorbate, the redox status of which remained unchanged. Because it is an adaptation to stress and a defence process, the increase in the antioxidant pool size was proposed as a biomarker of exposure to an unsafe environment. Since depletion of antioxidant and an increase in its oxidation rate weakened cellular defences and indicated a precarious state, they could constitute early indicators of toxicity. So they were proposed as potential biomarkers of toxicity. It was concluded that the antioxidant content in duckweed might serve as a useful biomarker for monitoring water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Teisseire
- Laboratoire d'Eco-Toxicologie, Unité de Recherche Vigne et Vins de Champagne E. A. 2069, Bâtiment Europol'Agro, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims-02, France
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35
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Thorpe GW, Reodica M, Davies MJ, Heeren G, Jarolim S, Pillay B, Breitenbach M, Higgins VJ, Dawes IW. Superoxide radicals have a protective role during H2O2 stress. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:2876-84. [PMID: 23864711 PMCID: PMC3771949 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-01-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
H2O2-stressed yeast cells increase superoxide radical production, dependent on the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This is protective during H2O2 stress at low levels; however, higher superoxide levels are deleterious. This hormesis may further elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress and aging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) consist of potentially toxic, partly reduced oxygen species and free radicals. After H2O2 treatment, yeast cells significantly increase superoxide radical production. Respiratory chain complex III and possibly cytochrome b function are essential for this increase. Disruption of complex III renders cells sensitive to H2O2 but not to the superoxide radical generator menadione. Of interest, the same H2O2-sensitive mutant strains have the lowest superoxide radical levels, and strains with the highest resistance to H2O2 have the highest levels of superoxide radicals. Consistent with this correlation, overexpression of superoxide dismutase increases sensitivity to H2O2, and this phenotype is partially rescued by addition of small concentrations of menadione. Small increases in levels of mitochondrially produced superoxide radicals have a protective effect during H2O2-induced stress, and in response to H2O2, the wild-type strain increases superoxide radical production to activate this defense mechanism. This provides a direct link between complex III as the main source of ROS and its role in defense against ROS. High levels of the superoxide radical are still toxic. These opposing, concentration-dependent roles of the superoxide radical comprise a form of hormesis and show one ROS having a hormetic effect on the toxicity of another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W Thorpe
- Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Kálmán N, Gazdag Z, Čertík M, Belágyi J, Selim SA, Pócsi I, Pesti M. Adaptation totert-butyl hydroperoxide at a plasma membrane level in the fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombeparental strain and itst-BuOOH-resistant mutant. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 54:215-25. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201200580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Kálmán
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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37
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Lopes M, Mota M, Belo I. Comparison of Yarrowia lipolytica and Pichia pastoris cellular response to different agents of oxidative stress. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:448-58. [PMID: 23546869 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yeast cells exposed to adverse conditions employ a number of defense mechanisms in order to respond effectively to the stress effects of reactive oxygen species. In this work, the cellular response of Yarrowia lipolytica and Pichia pastoris to the exposure to the ROS-inducing agents' paraquat, hydrogen peroxide, and increased air pressure was analyzed. Yeast cells at exponential phase were exposed for 3 h to 1 mM paraquat, to 50 mM H2O2, or to increased air pressure of 3 or 5 bar. For both strains, the cellular viability loss and lipid peroxidation was lower for the cells exposed to increased air pressure than for those exposed to chemical oxidants. The glutathione induction occurred only in Y. lipolytica strain and reached the highest level as a response to PQ exposure. In general, antioxidant enzymes were more expressed in Y. lipolytica than in P. pastoris. The enzyme superoxide dismutase was induced in both strains under all the oxidant conditions but was dependent on the cellular growth phase, being undetectable in non-growing cells, whereas glutathione reductase was more induced in those conditions. Hydrogen peroxide was the most efficient inducer of catalase. Both yeast cultures underwent no cellular growth inhibition with increased air pressure, indicating that these yeast species were able to adapt to the oxidative stressful environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Lopes
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Sinha K, Das J, Pal PB, Sil PC. Oxidative stress: the mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways of apoptosis. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1157-80. [PMID: 23543009 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1144] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress basically defines a condition in which prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the cell is disturbed; cellular biomolecules undergo severe oxidative damage, ultimately compromising cells viability. In recent years, a number of studies have shown that oxidative stress could cause cellular apoptosis via both the mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways. Since these pathways are directly related to the survival or death of various cell types in normal as well as pathophysiological situations, a clear picture of these pathways for various active molecules in their biological functions would help designing novel therapeutic strategy. This review highlights the basic mechanisms of ROS production and their sites of formation; detail mechanism of both mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways of apoptosis as well as their regulation by ROS. Emphasis has been given on the redox-sensitive ASK1 signalosome and its downstream JNK pathway. This review also describes the involvement of oxidative stress under various environmental toxin- and drug-induced organ pathophysiology and diabetes-mediated apoptosis. We believe that this review would provide useful information about the most recent progress in understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress-mediated regulation of apoptotic pathways. It will also help to figure out the complex cross-talks between these pathways and their modulations by oxidative stress. The literature will also shed a light on the blind alleys of this field to be explored. Finally, readers would know about the ROS-regulated and apoptosis-mediated organ pathophysiology which might help to find their probable remedies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Sinha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Calcutta 700054, West Bengal, India
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Respiratory capacity of the Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast isolated from the mezcal process during oxidative stress. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 29:1279-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang H, Wang JJ, Sanderson BJS. In vitro adverse effects of iron ore dusts on human lymphoblastoid cells in culture. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2013; 76:874-882. [PMID: 24053364 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2013.826566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the adverse effects produced by four types of iron (Fe) ore dust using cultured human cells. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by Fe ore dusts were determined by assays including cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN), population growth, and methyl tetrazolium (MTT). Four iron ore dusts were tested, namely, 1002 Limonite & Goethite (1002), HG2 hematite (HG2), HG1 Soutlem Pit (HG1), and HG4. WIL2 -NS cells were incubated for 10 h with extracts from a range of concentrations (0, 75, or 150 μg/ml) of Fe ore dust. Significant decreases in percent cell viability were seen at 150 μg/ml HG2 and 1002 as measured by MTT, with viability that decreased to 75 and 73%, respectively, compared to untreated controls. The cell population regrew to a different extent after Fe ore dust was removed, except for HG1, where population remained declined. An approximately twofold significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBNC) was seen with 1002, HG2, and HG1 at 150 μg/ml. A significant rise in apoptosis induction was observed at 150 μg/ml HG1. Data indicate that Fe ore dusts at 150 μg/ml produced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- a Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine , Tulane University , New Orleans , Louisiana , USA
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Alshatwi AA, Subbarayan PV, Ramesh E, Al-Hazzani AA, Alsaif MA, Alwarthan AA. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles induce mitochondrial-mediated oxidative stress and alter the expression of antioxidant enzymes in human mesenchymal stem cells. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012; 30:1-10. [PMID: 23046173 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.729160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An urgent need for toxicological studies on aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al(2) [Formula: see text]NPs) has arisen from their rapidly emerging range of applications in the food and agricultural sectors. Despite the widespread use of nanoscale aluminium and its composites in the food industry, there is a serious lack of information concerning the biological activities of Al(2) [Formula: see text]NPs (ANPs) and their impact on human health. In this preliminary study, the effects of ANPs on metabolic stress in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were analysed. The results showed dose-dependent effects, including cellular toxicity. The mitochondrial membrane potential in the hMSCs decreased with increasing ANP concentrations after 24 h of exposure. The expression levels of oxidative stress-responsive enzymes were monitored by RT-PCR. The expression levels of CYP1A and POR were up-regulated in response to ANPs, and a significant down-regulation in the expression of the antioxidant enzyme SOD was observed. Further, dose-dependent changes in the mRNA levels of GSTM3, GPX and GSR were noted. These findings suggest that the toxicity of ANPs in hMSCs may be mediated through an increase in oxidative stress. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the nanotoxicological effects of ANPs on hMSCs, which will be useful for nanotoxicological indexing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshatwi
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Efflux of glutathione and glutathione complexes from human erythrocytes in response to vanadate. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2012; 50:1-7. [PMID: 22824382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to investigate if vanadate is extruded from the cells in a glutathione dependent manner resulting in the appearance of extracellular glutathione and complexes of glutathione with vanadium. Vanadate significantly depleted intracellular non-protein sulfhydryl (NPSH) levels in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The intracellular NPSH level was decreased to 0.0 ± 0.0 μmol/ml erythrocyte when exposed to 10 mM of vanadate for 4h. Extracellular NPSH level was increased concomitantly with the intracellular decrease and reached to 0.1410 ± 0.005 μmol/ml erythrocyte in 4h. Intracellular decrease and extracellular increase in NPSH levels were significantly inhibited in the presence of DIDS, a chloride-bicarbonate exchanger which also mediates phosphate and arsenate transport in erythrocytes. In parallel with the increase in extracellular NPSH levels, significant increases in extracellular glutathione levels were detected following exposure to vanadate. Extracellular glutathione levels reached to 0.0150 ± 0.0.001, 0.0330 ± 0.001, and 0.0576 ± 0.002 μmol/ml erythrocyte with 1, 5, and 10 mM of vanadate respectively. Dimercaptosuccinic acid treatment of supernatants significantly increased the glutathione levels measured in the extracellular media. Utilization of MK571 an MRP inhibitor decreased the rate of glutathione efflux from erythrocytes suggesting a role for this membrane transporter in the process. A known methylation inhibitor periodate oxidized adenosine decreased the rate of glutathione efflux from erythrocytes. This observed decrease in extracellular GSH levels suggests that GSH release partly requires a proper cellular methylation process and that part of GSH detected in the extracellular media may arise from GSH-vandium complexes. The results of the present study indicate that human erythrocyte efflux glutathione in reduced free form and in conjugated form/s that can be recovered with dimercaptosuccinic acid when exposed to vanadate.
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Papp G, Horváth E, Mike N, Gazdag Z, Belágyi J, Gyöngyi Z, Bánfalvi G, Hornok L, Pesti M. Regulation of patulin-induced oxidative stress processes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3792-8. [PMID: 22796319 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT), is one of the most widely disseminated mycotoxins found in agricultural products. In this study the PAT-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the regulation of the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated in the single cell eukaryotic organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In comparison with the untreated cells, 500 μM PAT treatment caused a 43% decrease in the concentration of the main intracellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH); this depletion of GSH initiated a 2.44- and a 2.6-fold accumulation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, but did not increase the concentration of hydroxyl radicals; the reduction of ROS-induced adaptation processes via the activation of Pap1 transcription factor resulted in significantly increased specific activities of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase to protect the cells against the ROS-induced unbalanced redox state. However, no change was measured in the activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. It seems reasonable to assume that the temporary PAT-induced ROS accumulation plays a crucial role in adaptation processes. The adverse effects of PAT may be exerted mainly through the destruction of cellular membranes and protein/enzyme functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Papp
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7602 Pécs, POB 266, Hungary
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Farrugia G, Balzan R. Oxidative stress and programmed cell death in yeast. Front Oncol 2012; 2:64. [PMID: 22737670 PMCID: PMC3380282 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have long served as useful models for the study of oxidative stress, an event associated with cell death and severe human pathologies. This review will discuss oxidative stress in yeast, in terms of sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS), their molecular targets, and the metabolic responses elicited by cellular ROS accumulation. Responses of yeast to accumulated ROS include upregulation of antioxidants mediated by complex transcriptional changes, activation of pro-survival pathways such as mitophagy, and programmed cell death (PCD) which, apart from apoptosis, includes pathways such as autophagy and necrosis, a form of cell death long considered accidental and uncoordinated. The role of ROS in yeast aging will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Farrugia
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of MaltaMsida, Malta
| | - Rena Balzan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of MaltaMsida, Malta
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Lauridsen C, Jensen SK. α-Tocopherol incorporation in mitochondria and microsomes upon supranutritional vitamin E supplementation. GENES AND NUTRITION 2012; 7:475-82. [PMID: 22354407 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-012-0286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is a major lipid-soluble chain-breaking antioxidant in humans and mammals and plays an important role in normal development and physiology. The localization of α-tocopherol within the highly unsaturated phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes provides a means of controlling lipid oxidation at the initiation site. Mitochondria are the site for major oxidative processes and are important in fat oxidation and energy production, but a side effect is leakage of reactive oxygen species. Thus, incorporation of α-tocopherol and other antioxidants into mitochondria and other cellular compartments is important in order to maintain oxidative stability of the membrane-bound lipids and prevent damage from the reactive oxygen species. Many studies regarding mitochondrial disease and dysfunction have been performed in relation to deficiency of vitamin E and other antioxidants, whereas relatively sparse information is available regarding the eventual beneficial effects of antioxidant-enriched mitochondria in terms of health and function. This may be due to the fact that only little scientific information is available concerning the effect of supranutritional supplementation with antioxidants on their incorporation into mitochondria and other cellular membranes. The purpose of this review is therefore to briefly summarize experimental data performed with dietary vitamin E treatments in relation to the deposition of α-tocopherol in mitochondria and microsomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark,
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Xu QM, Chen H. Antioxidant responses of rice seedling to Ce⁴+ under hydroponic cultures. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:1693-1699. [PMID: 21514673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1980s, rare earth elements have been commonly used in China because of their enriched fertilizers. To understand the potential benefits or damages of Ce(4+) on rice, the antioxidant responses (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase activities, and ascorbate and glutathione contents) of rice seedling to Ce(4+) under hydroponic cultures were investigated. The results showed that Ce(4+) induced H(2)O(2) and O(2)(-) production of rice seedling. The inhibition studies with diphenylene iodonium suggested that the key enzyme responsible for oxidative bursts was primarily NADPH oxidase. Ce(4+) (0.02 mM) increased the antioxidant capacity of reduced ascorbate and glutathione and the levels of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase. However, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacity of rice seedling were decreased by 0.2mM Ce(4+) treatment, indicating that higher content of Ce(4+) damaged the mechanism of defense responses and emerged the peroxidation of membrane lipids. These results will help us to understand the mechanism of Ce(4+) on rice and concern about its environmental impact in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Man Xu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Gazdag Z, Fujs S, Koszegi B, Kálmán N, Papp G, Emri T, Belágyi J, Pócsi I, Raspor P, Pesti M. The abc1-/coq8- respiratory-deficient mutant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe suffers from glutathione underproduction and hyperaccumulates Cd2+. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2011; 56:353-9. [PMID: 21818608 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-011-0058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The abc1(-)/coq8(-) gene deletion respiratory-deficient mutant NBp17 of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe displayed a phenotypic fermentation pattern with enhanced production of glycerol and acetate, and also possessed oxidative stress-sensitive phenotypes to H(2)O(2), menadione, tBuOOH, Cd(2+), and chromate in comparison with its parental respiratory-competent strain HNT. As a consequence of internal stress-inducing mutation, adaptation processes to restore the redox homeostasis of mutant NBp17 cells were detected in minimal glucose medium. Mutant NBp17 produced significantly increased amounts of O(2)•- and H(2)O(2) as a result of the decreased internal glutathione concentration and the only slightly increased glutathione reductase activity. The Cr(VI) reduction capacity and hence the •OH production ability were decreased. The mutant cells demonstrated increased specific activities of superoxide dismutases and glutathione reductase (but not catalase) to detoxify at least partially the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. All these features may be explained by the decreased redox capacity of the mutant cells. Most notably, mutant NBp17 hyperaccumulated yellow CdS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Gazdag
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Runchel C, Matsuzawa A, Ichijo H. Mitogen-activated protein kinases in mammalian oxidative stress responses. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:205-18. [PMID: 21050144 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
All aerobic organisms are exposed to oxidative stress during their lifetime and are required to respond appropriately for maintenance of their survival and homeostasis. Sustained exposure to oxidative stress has devastating effects in organisms, and, not surprisingly, oxidative stress has been implicated in numerous human diseases. Therefore, an understanding of how mammals respond to oxidative stress is crucial both biologically and clinically. Intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated in response to excessive oxygen radicals, play essential roles in overcoming oxidative stress. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are involved in diverse physiological processes, and are critical for induction of oxidative stress responses. In this review, we will discuss the physiological roles of MAPKs in oxidative stress, the upstream signaling pathways leading to MAPK activation, their regulation, and the MAPK downstream substrates, with a focus on mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Runchel
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Wang XL, Yang CP, Xu K, Qin OJ. Selenoprotein W depletion in vitro might indicate that its main function is not as an antioxidative enzyme. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2010; 75:201-7. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297910020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Oxidative stress induced by HIV-1 F34IVpr in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is one of its multiple functions. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 88:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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