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Hermann KM, Grünberger A, Patel AV. Unraveling the interaction of co-encapsulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Metarhizium brunneum in calcium alginate-based attract-and-kill beads. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38864543 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attract-and-kill (AK) beads are biological, microbial insecticides developed as an alternative to synthetic soil insecticides. For wireworm control, beads are based on calcium alginate/starch co-encapsulating the carbon dioxide (CO2) producing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae H205 as the attract component, and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum CB15-III as the kill component. However, the physicochemical processes inside beads during co-cultivation are still unclear. Here we reveal for the first time the spatiotemporal conditions of oxygen and pH inside AK beads measured with microelectrodes and describe the impact of S. cerevisiae on CO2 and conidia formation. RESULTS Measurements revealed a steep oxygen gradient already 2 days after co-encapsulation, with an internal hypoxic zone. Encapsulating either S. cerevisiae or M. brunneum already decreased the average pH from 5.5 to 4.7 and 4.6, respectively. However, on day 3, co-cultivation lead to temporal strong acidification of beads down to pH 3.6 which followed the maximum CO2 productivity and coincided with the maximum conidiation rate. Decreasing the yeast load decreased the total CO2 productivity to half, and the conidial production by 93%, while specific productivities normalized to 1% yeast load increased eight-fold and three-fold, respectively, with day 3 being an exception. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a general beneficial interaction between M. brunneum and S. cerevisiae, but also suggest competition for resources. These findings will contribute to develop innovative co-formulations with maximum efficiency to save application rates and costs. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Hermann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Fermentation and Formulation of Biologicals and Chemicals, Bielefeld Institute for Applied Materials Research, Hochschule Bielefeld - Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Bielefeld, Germany
- Faculty of Technology, Multiscale Bioengineering, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Grünberger
- Faculty of Technology, Multiscale Bioengineering, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anant V Patel
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Fermentation and Formulation of Biologicals and Chemicals, Bielefeld Institute for Applied Materials Research, Hochschule Bielefeld - Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Bielefeld, Germany
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The effect of growth rate on the production and vitality of non-Saccharomyces wine yeast in aerobic fed-batch culture. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2655-2665. [PMID: 34499236 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts are of increasing importance due to their influence on the organoleptic properties of wine and thus the factors influencing the biomass production of these yeasts, as starter cultures, are of commercial value. Therefore, the effects of growth rates on the biomass yield (Yx/s) and fermentation performance of non-Saccharomyces yeasts at bench and pilot scale were examined. The fermentative performance and (Yx/s) were optimised, in aerobic fed-batch cultivations, to produce commercial wine seed cultures of Lachancea thermotolerans Y1240, Issatchenkia orientalis Y1161 and Metschnikowia pulcherrima Y1337. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Lalvin EC1118) was used as a benchmark. A Crabtree positive response was shown by L. thermotolerans in a molasses-based industrial medium, at growth rates exceeding 0.21 h-1 (µcrit), resulting in a Yx/s of 0.76 g/g at 0.21 h-1 (46% of µmax) in the aerobic bioreactor-grown fed-batch culture at bench scale. At pilot scale and 0.133 h-1 (36% of µmax), this yeast exhibited ethanol concentrations reaching 10.61 g/l, as a possible result of substrate gradients. Crabtree negative responses were observed for I. orientalis and M. pulcherrima resulting in Yx/s of 0.83 g/g and 0.68 g/g, respectively, below 32% of µmax. The Yx/s of M. pulcherrima, I. orientalis and L. thermotolerans was maximised at growth rates between 0.10 and 0.12 h-1 and the fermentative capacity of these yeasts was maximised at these lower growth rates.
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Wang C, Tu J, Hao J, Liu J, Wang D, Xiong D, Zhang Y. Factors influencing proteinase A activity during the production of unpasteurised beer. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Building 6, Yard 24, Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chao Yang District Beijing 100015 China
| | - Jingxia Tu
- Guangzhou Nansha Zhujiang Brewery Company, Ltd. Guangzhou 511462 China
| | - Jianqin Hao
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Building 6, Yard 24, Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chao Yang District Beijing 100015 China
| | - Jing Liu
- Guangzhou Nansha Zhujiang Brewery Company, Ltd. Guangzhou 511462 China
| | - Deliang Wang
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Building 6, Yard 24, Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chao Yang District Beijing 100015 China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Guangzhou Nansha Zhujiang Brewery Company, Ltd. Guangzhou 511462 China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Building 6, Yard 24, Middle Jiuxianqiao Road, Chao Yang District Beijing 100015 China
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Novelli Poisson GF, Juárez ÁB, Noseda DG, Ríos de Molina MC, Galvagno MA. Adaptive Evolution Strategy to Enhance the Performance of Scheffersomyces stipitis for Industrial Cellulosic Ethanol Production. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2020.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guido F. Novelli Poisson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Microbiología Industrial, Pabellón de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela B. Juárez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Departamento de Química Biológica Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego G. Noseda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C. Ríos de Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel A. Galvagno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhong Y, Chen T, Wang X. Repairing Creep-Resistant and Kinetically Inert Hydrogels via Yeast Activity-Regulated Energy Dissipation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4507-4513. [PMID: 35025449 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Energy dissipation, a ubiquitous process in biological systems, has been intensively studied and widely used to guide the transient assembly of natural or synthetic molecules, but very few examples of material transient healability controlled by this important process have been reported. Herein, we realize the healing of creep-resistant and kinetically inert polymer hydrogels that is driven by the respiration of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and spontaneous energy dissipation. The entire healing process can be simply controlled by a single variable: sucrose concentration. Due to the high activity and stability of yeast in the hydrogels, multiple local healing events become possible and healing of damaged hydrogels is also efficient after a long waiting time. All these results indicate that our yeast-containing polymer hydrogels are kinetically stable materials, which can be readily healable on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
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Wang M, Sun Z, Wang Y, Wei Z, Chen B, Zhang H, Guo X, Xiao D. The effect of pitching rate on the production of higher alcohols by top-fermenting yeast in wheat beer fermentation. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Branco P, Albergaria H, Arneborg N, Prista C. Effect of GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides on sensitive yeasts cells: membrane permeability, intracellular pH and H+-influx/-efflux rates. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 18:4931723. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Branco
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Unit of Bioenergy, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Albergaria
- Unit of Bioenergy, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nils Arneborg
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Catarina Prista
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- DRAT, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
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Imai T, Nakajima I, Ohno T. Development of a New Method for Evaluation of Yeast Vitality by Measuring Intracellular pH. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-52-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Imai
- Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken, 236 Japan
| | - Iwao Nakajima
- Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken, 236 Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ohno
- Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken, 236 Japan
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Mochaba F, O'Connor-Cox ESC, Axcell BC. Practical Procedures to Measure Yeast Viability and Vitality Prior to Pitching. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-57-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Mochaba
- The South African Breweries Beer Division, Brewing Research and Development Department, P.O. Box 782178, Sandton, 2146, South Africa
| | - E. S. C. O'Connor-Cox
- The South African Breweries Beer Division, Brewing Research and Development Department, P.O. Box 782178, Sandton, 2146, South Africa
| | - B. C. Axcell
- The South African Breweries Beer Division, Brewing Research and Development Department, P.O. Box 782178, Sandton, 2146, South Africa
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Smart KA, Boulton CA, Hinchliffe E, Molzahn S. Effect of Physiological Stress on the Surface Properties of Brewing Yeasts. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-53-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Smart
- School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP, U.K
| | - Chris A. Boulton
- Bass Brewers Limited, Research Laboratory, Bass Technical Centre, P.O. Box 12, Cross Street, Burton-on-Trent, DEM 1XH, U.K
| | - Ed Hinchliffe
- Bass Brewers Limited, Tower Brewery, Wetherby Road, Tadcaster, North Yorkshire, LS24 9S, U.K
| | - Stuart Molzahn
- Bass Brewers Limited, Research Laboratory, Bass Technical Centre, P.O. Box 12, Cross Street, Burton-on-Trent, DEM 1XH, U.K
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Jenkins CL, Kennedy AI, Hodgson JA, Thurston P, Smart KA. Impact of Serial Repitching on Lager Brewing Yeast Quality. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-61-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L. Jenkins
- School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP, U.K
| | - Alan I. Kennedy
- Scottish Courage Brewing Ltd., Technical Centre, Sugarhouse Close, Canongate, Edinburgh, EH8 8DD, Scotland, U.K
| | - Jeff A. Hodgson
- Scottish Courage Brewing Ltd., Technical Centre, Sugarhouse Close, Canongate, Edinburgh, EH8 8DD, Scotland, U.K
| | - Pat Thurston
- Scottish Courage Brewing Ltd., Berkshire Brewery, Imperial Way, Reading, Berkshire, RG2 0PN, U.K
| | - Katherine A. Smart
- School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP, U.K
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Inoue T, Mizuno A. Preliminary Study for the Development of a Long-Life, Continuous, Primary Fermentation System for Beer Brewing. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-2008-0224-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akihiro Mizuno
- National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashi Hiroshima-shi, Japan
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Muro M, Izumi K, Imai T, Ogawa Y, Ohkochi M. Yeast Cell Cycle during Fermentation and Beer Quality. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-64-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Muro
- Research Laboratories for Brewing, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8628 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Izumi
- Research Laboratories for Brewing, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8628 Japan
| | - Takeo Imai
- Research Laboratories for Brewing, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8628 Japan
| | - Yutaka Ogawa
- Research Laboratories for Brewing, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8628 Japan
| | - Motoo Ohkochi
- Research Laboratories for Brewing, Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., 1-17-1, Namamugi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8628 Japan
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Guo ZP, Olsson L. Physiological responses to acid stress by Saccharomyces cerevisiae when applying high initial cell density. FEMS Yeast Res 2016; 16:fow072. [PMID: 27620460 PMCID: PMC5094285 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fow072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High initial cell density is used to increase volumetric productivity and shorten production time in lignocellulosic hydrolysate fermentation. Comparison of physiological parameters in high initial cell density cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of acetic, formic, levulinic and cinnamic acids demonstrated general and acid-specific responses of cells. All the acids studied impaired growth and inhibited glycolytic flux, and caused oxidative stress and accumulation of trehalose. However, trehalose may play a role other than protecting yeast cells from acid-induced oxidative stress. Unlike the other acids, cinnamic acid did not cause depletion of cellular ATP, but abolished the growth of yeast on ethanol. Compared with low initial cell density, increasing initial cell density reduced the lag phase and improved the bioconversion yield of cinnamic acid during acid adaptation. In addition, yeast cells were able to grow at elevated concentrations of acid, probable due to the increase in phenotypic cell-to-cell heterogeneity in large inoculum size. Furthermore, the specific growth rate and the specific rates of glucose consumption and metabolite production were significantly lower than at low initial cell density, which was a result of the accumulation of a large fraction of cells that persisted in a viable but non-proliferating state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Peng Guo
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Two-component signal transduction system SaeRS positively regulates Staphylococcus epidermidis glucose metabolism. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:908121. [PMID: 24592198 PMCID: PMC3921950 DOI: 10.1155/2014/908121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis, which is a causative pathogen of nosocomial infection, expresses its virulent traits such as biofilm and autolysis regulated by two-component signal transduction system SaeRS. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of differences in expression between the S. epidermidis 1457 wild-type and saeRS mutant to identify candidates regulated by saeRS using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/lonization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Of 55 identified proteins that significantly differed in expression between the two strains, 15 were upregulated and 40 were downregulated. The downregulated proteins included enzymes related to glycolysis and TCA cycle, suggesting that glucose is not properly utilized in S. epidermidis when saeRS was deleted. The study will be helpful for treatment of S. epidermidis infection from the viewpoint of metabolic modulation dependent on two-component signal transduction system SaeRS.
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Kotyk A, Fischer-Schliebs E, Lüttge U. Medium Acidification by Maize Root Tips and its Inhibition by Heavy Water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1991.tb00255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Acidification power (AP) test and similar methods for assessment and prediction of fermentation activity of industrial microorganisms. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2013. [DOI: 10.18832/kp2013021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Atkinson B. TECHNICAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR MALTING AND BREWING IN THE ′90's*. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1988.tb04583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kara BV, Simpson WJ, Hammond JRM. PREDICTION OF THE FERMENTATION PERFORMANCE OF BREWING YEAST WITH THE ACIDIFICATION POWER TEST. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1988.tb04573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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FLOW CYTOMETRIC MONITORING OF RHODAMINE 123 AND A CYANINE DYE UPTAKE BY YEAST DURING CIDER FERMENTATION. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1996.tb00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Pilkington PH, Margaritis A, Mensour NA, Russell I. FUNDAMENTALS OF IMMOBILISED YEAST CELLS FOR CONTINUOUS BEER FERMENTATION: A REVIEW. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1998.tb00970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dinsdale MG, Lloyd D, Jarvis B. YEAST VITALITY DURING CIDER FERMENTATION: TWO APPROACHES TO THE MEASUREMENT OF MEMBRANE POTENTIAL. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1995.tb00883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Willetts JC, Seward R, Dinsdale MG, Suller MTE, Hill B, Lloyd D. VITALITY OF CIDER YEAST GROWN MICRO-AEROBICALLY WITH ADDED ETHANOL, BUTAN-J-OL ORISO-BUTANOL. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1997.tb00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mochaba FM, O'Connor-Cox ESC, Axcell BC. A NOVEL AND PRACTICAL YEAST VITALITY METHOD BASED ON MAGNESIUM ION RELEASE. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1997.tb00941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Seward R, Willetts JC, Dinsdale MG, Lloyd D. THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL, HEXAN-1-OL, AND 2-PHENYLETHANOL ON CIDER YEAST GROWTH, VIABILITY, AND ENERGY STATUS; SYNERGISTIC INHIBITION. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1996.tb00928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Boulton C. 125thAnniversary Review: Advances in analytical methodology in brewing. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kondo H, Yomo H, Furukubo S, Fukui N, Nakatani K, Kawasaki Y. Advanced Method for Measuring Proteinase A in Beer and Application to Brewing*. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1999.tb00523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Peculiar H⁺ homeostasis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the late stages of wine fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:6302-8. [PMID: 22752170 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01355-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pH (pH(in)) is a tightly regulated physiological parameter, which controls cell performance in all living systems. The purpose of this work was to evaluate if and how H(+) homeostasis is accomplished by an industrial wine strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae while fermenting real must under the harsh winery conditions prevalent in the late stages of the fermentation process, in particular low pH and high ethanol concentrations and temperature. Cells grown at 15, 25, and 30°C were harvested in exponential and early and late stationary phases. Intracellular pH remained in the range of 6.0 to 6.4, decreasing significantly only by the end of glucose fermentation, in particular at lower temperatures (pH(in) 5.2 at 15°C), although the cells remained viable and metabolically active. The cell capability of extruding H(+) via H(+)-ATPase and of keeping H(+) out by means of an impermeable membrane were evaluated as potential mechanisms of H(+) homeostasis. At 30°C, H(+) efflux was higher in all stages. The most striking observation was that cells in late stationary phase became almost impermeable to H(+). Even when these cells were challenged with high ethanol concentrations (up to 20%) added in the assay, their permeability to H(+) remained very low, being almost undetectable at 15°C. Comparatively, ethanol significantly increased the H(+) permeability of cells in exponential phase. Understanding the molecular and physiological events underlying yeast H(+) homeostasis at late stages of fermentations may contribute to the development of more robust strains suitable to efficiently produce a high-quality wine.
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Gabriel P, Dienstbier M, Matoulková D, Kosař K, Sigler K. Optimised Acidification Power Test of Yeast Vitality and its Use in Brewing Practice. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2008.tb00338.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Matoulková D, Sigler K. Impact of the Long-Term Maintenance Method of Brewer's Yeast on Fermentation Course, Yeast Vitality and Beer Characteristics. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00483.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Expression of aspartic protease from Neurospora crassa in industrial ethanol-producing yeast and its application in ethanol production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 48:148-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Guo ZP, Zhang L, Ding ZY, Shi GY. Minimization of glycerol synthesis in industrial ethanol yeast without influencing its fermentation performance. Metab Eng 2011; 13:49-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Guo ZP, Zhang L, Ding ZY, Wang ZX, Shi GY. Improving the performance of industrial ethanol-producing yeast by expressing the aspartyl protease on the cell surface. Yeast 2010; 27:1017-27. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bowen WR, Sabuni HA, Ventham TJ. Studies of the cell-wall properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 40:1309-18. [PMID: 18601086 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260401104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The cell-wall properties of three strains of the yeast Sacharomyces cerevisiae have been experimentally studied at various times during fermentation. The cell walls have been characterized by electrophoretic mobility measurements, from which zeta potentials may be calculated. They have also been characterized by computerized pH titration, which gives direct information on the number and nature of groups in the yeast cell wall. The data have been quantitatively analyzed in three ways. First, a simplified analysis of the electrokinetic data of a type used by previous workers has been applied. Second, such a simplified analysis of the electrokinetic data has been developed more rigorously by means of a two-dimensional site-dissociation model of the outer cell wall-solution interface. Third, a description of the yeast cell-wall electrochemical properties in terms of a three-dimensional gel model incorporating site dissociation has been developed. The advantages and disadvantages of the three analyses are discussed. Only the three-dimensional gel model can account simultaneously for both the electrokinetic and pH surface titration data. It provides new insights into the changes that occur to the yeast cell wall during fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Bowen
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering University College of Swansea, University of Wales, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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35
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Evaluation of pitching yeast by advanced methods. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2010. [DOI: 10.18832/kp2010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Wang H, Hou L. Genome shuffling to improve fermentation properties of top-fermenting yeast by the improvement of stress tolerance. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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37
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Yeast and stress: from the laboratory to the brewery. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2010. [DOI: 10.18832/kp2010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Pardo S, Galvagno MA, Cerrutti P. [Studies of viability and vitality after freezing of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii: physiological preconditioning effect]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2009; 26:155-60. [PMID: 19631167 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(09)70028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitality and viability of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii after freezing/thawing and the physiological preconditioning effect on these properties. The results indicate that the specific growth rate (0.3/h(-1)) and biomass (2-3 x10(8)cells/ml) of S. boulardii obtained in flasks shaken at 28 degrees C and at 37 degrees C were similar. Batch cultures of the yeast in bioreactors using glucose or sugar-cane molasses as carbon sources, reached yields of 0.28 g biomass/g sugar consumed, after 10h incubation at 28 degrees C; the same results were obtained in fed batch fermentations. On the other hand, in batch cultures, the vitality of cells recovered during the exponential growth phase was greater than the vitality of cells from the stationary phase of growth. Vitality of cells from fed-batch fermentations was similar to that of stationary growing cells from batch fermentations. Survival to freezing at -20 degrees C and subsequent thawing of cells from batch cultures was 0.31% for cells in exponential phase of growth and 11.5% for cells in stationary phase. Pre-treatment of this yeast in media with water activity (a(w)) 0.98 increased the survival to freezing of S. boulardii cells stored at -20 degrees C for 2 months by 10 fold. Exposure of the yeast to media of reduced a(w) and/or freezing/thawing process negatively affected cell vitality. It was concluded that stress conditions studied herein decrease vitality of S. boulardii. Besides, the yeast strain studied presented good tolerance to bile salts even at low pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Pardo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Industrial, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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39
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Yeast vitality determination based on intracellular NAD(P)H fluorescence measurement during aerobic-anaerobic transition. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2009; 54:25-9. [PMID: 19330541 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-009-0004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a yeast-cell vitality-assessment method based on on-line intracellular fluorescence measurement. The intracellular NAD(P)H fluorescence of a cell suspension is recorded during transition from aerobic to anaerobic conditions and the output signal is evaluated as a measure of yeast vitality (quality). This fluorescence method showed a highly satisfactory correlation with even low dead cell numbers where the acidification power test could not be applied.
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40
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Putative role for ABC multidrug exporters in yeast quorum sensing. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:1107-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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41
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Sigler K, Matoulková D, Dienstbier M, Gabriel P. Net effect of wort osmotic pressure on fermentation course, yeast vitality, beer flavor, and haze. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:1027-35. [PMID: 19122996 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Revised: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The net effect of increased wort osmolarity on fermentation time, bottom yeast vitality and sedimentation, beer flavor compounds, and haze was determined in fermentations with 12 degrees all-malt wort supplemented with sorbitol to reach osmolarity equal to 16 degrees and 20 degrees. Three pitchings were performed in 12 degrees/12 degrees/12 degrees, 16 degrees/16 degrees/12 degrees, and 20 degrees/20 degrees/12 degrees worts. Fermentations in 16 degrees and 20 degrees worts decreased yeast vitality measured as acidification power (AP) by a maximum of 10%, lowered yeast proliferation, and increased fermentation time. Repitching aggravated these effects. The 3rd "back to normal" pitching into 12 degrees wort restored the yeast AP and reproductive abilities while the extended fermentation time remained. Yeast sedimentation in 16 degrees and 20 degrees worts was delayed but increased about two times at fermentation end relative to that in 12 degrees wort. Third "back-to-normal" pitching abolished the delay in sedimentation and reduced its extent, which became nearly equal in all variants. Beer brewed at increased osmolarity was characterized by increased levels of diacetyl and pentanedione and lower levels of dimethylsulfide and acetaldehyde. Esters and higher alcohols displayed small variations irrespective of wort osmolarity or repitching. Increased wort osmolarity had no appreciable effect on the haze of green beer and accelerated beer clarification during maturation. In all variants, chill haze increased with repitching.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sigler
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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42
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Kosín P, Savel J, Broz A, Sigler K. Control and prediction of the course of brewery fermentations by gravimetric analysis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2008; 53:451-6. [PMID: 19085082 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-008-0069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple, fast and cheap test suitable for predicting the course of brewery fermentations based on mass analysis is described and its efficiency is evaluated. Compared to commonly used yeast vitality tests, this analysis takes into account wort composition and other factors that influence fermentation performance. It can be used to predict the shape of the fermentation curve in brewery fermentations and in research and development projects concerning yeast vitality, fermentation conditions and wort composition. It can also be a useful tool for homebrewers to control their fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kosín
- Budweiser Budvar, National Corporation, 370 21, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic
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43
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A new method of optical detection of yeast acidification power. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2008; 53:527-33. [PMID: 19381479 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-008-0083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a newly developed method for a contact-free optical pH measurement in yeast suspensions supplemented with glucose, and containing the pH sensitive triphenylmethane dye bromocresol green. It is suitable for performing the acidification power test (based on measuring the rate of pH drop of yeast suspension caused by active extrusion of acidity from cells after glucose addition) used for assessing yeast vitality in fermentation industries. Using this methodology we monitored the pH in yeast suspensions in the course of acidification in the pH range of 3.5-5.3. Optical pH measurement allows simultaneous testing of several samples, minimizes the sample volume, simplifies sample handling and reduces the hands-on time in sample processing.
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Sigler K, Mikyska A, Kosar K, Gabriel P, Dienstbier M. Factors affecting the outcome of the acidification power test of yeast quality: critical reappraisal. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2007; 51:525-34. [PMID: 17455788 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Brewery bottom yeast strain 95 from the Pilsner Urquell propagation unit was used to reappraise the efficiency of the acidification power (AP) test consisting in determining the spontaneous (oxygen-induced) and glucose-induced medium acidification caused by yeast and lactic acid bacteria under standard conditions, and used widely for assessing and predicting the vitality of industrial strains. AP was evaluated in yeast stored for different periods of time (0-28 d) at 4 degrees C, at different temperatures before and during the test (0-55 degrees C), and at different concentrations of cells and glucose and different cells-to-glucose ratios. All these factors had a strong effect on acidification kinetics and the AP value. By contrast, the duration of the lag period between yeast collection and the test (0-6 h) had no perceptible effect on the AP value. The best results were achieved at saturation concentrations of cells (> 10 g pressed yeast or approximately 14 g yeast slurry per 100 mL) and glucose (approximately 3 %) and at 25 degrees C. Since an exact evaluation of acidification characteristics depends strongly on the kinetics of the process, the AP test should include monitoring the time course of the acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sigler
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.
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45
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Factors affecting invertase activity during beer brewing, lagering and in the finished product. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2007. [DOI: 10.18832/kp2007006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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47
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Vitality and viability of pitching yeast: methods of assessment and the effect of cellular stress resistance systems. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2005. [DOI: 10.18832/kp2005001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Rechinger KB, Siegumfeldt H. Rapid assessment of cell viability of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus by measurement of intracellular pH in individual cells using fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy. Int J Food Microbiol 2002; 75:53-60. [PMID: 11999117 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(01)00745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if the measurement of intracellular pH (pHi) of individual cells by fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy (FRIM) could be utilized as a rapid method for determining the bacterial viability, using Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus as a model organism. Five different standardized cultures with equal cell densities but varying viability were prepared on a trial-to-trial basis by combining aliquots of frozen and lyophilized cells with a 50-fold difference in viability, determined by the ability to form colonies on solid growth media. The acidification of milk and Acidification Power Test were used to determine the activity of these cultures. As expected, the cultures containing a higher proportion of viable cells acidified milk faster and performed better in the Acidification Power Test. All cells were fluorescent after staining with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester but frozen cells reached higher fluorescence intensities than lyophilized cells. The number of strongly fluorescent cells determined by flow cytometry exceeded the number of viable cells determined by CFU. Analysis of pHi of individual cells by FRIM at an extracellular pH of 6.0 revealed two populations of cells with an average pHi of 6.9 +/- 0.1 and 6.1 +/- 0.1. As the number of cells maintaining a pH-gradient of 0.9 +/- 0.1 correlated well with CFU, we suggest that FRIM can be used as a rapid method for the determination of viability of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Measurement of pHi on a single cell basis is expected to provide accurate prediction of the fermentation performance in a wider range of industrial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Björn Rechinger
- Department of Dairy and Food Science, Food Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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49
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Lachowicz TM, Krasowska A, Luczyński J, Witek S. Plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase activity in wild type and mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae treated by some lysosomotropic drugs. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1998; 43:201-3. [PMID: 9721613 DOI: 10.1007/bf02816514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T M Lachowicz
- Higher Pedagogical School of Zielona, Góra, Wrocław, Poland
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50
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Hoptroff MJ, Thomas S, Avery SV. Influence of altered plasma membrane fatty acid composition on cesium transport characteristics and toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Can J Microbiol 1997; 43:954-62. [PMID: 9396148 DOI: 10.1139/m97-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The influence of altered plasma membrane fatty acid composition on cesium uptake and toxicity was investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Detailed kinetic studies revealed that both the Vmax and Km values for Cs+ transport increased (by approximately twofold in the latter case) when S. cerevisiae was grown in medium supplemented with the polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleate. In addition, Cs+ uptake by linoleate-enriched cells was considerably less sensitive to the competitive effects of other monovalent cations (K+, Rb+, and NH4+) than that by unsupplemented cells. Stimulation of Cs+ uptake in the presence of certain K+ and Rb+ concentrations was only evident in linoleate-enriched S. cerevisiae. At 100 mM CsCl, the initial rate of Cs+ uptake was greater in linoleate-supplemented cells than in unsupplemented cells and this was reflected in a more rapid displacement of cellular K+. However, little difference in net Cs+ accumulation between linoleate-supplemented and unsupplemented cells was evident during prolonged incubation in buffer or during growth. Thus, Cs+ toxicity was similar in linoleate-supplemented and unsupplemented cells. The results were consistent with the Cs+ (K+) transport mechanism adopting an altered conformational state in linoleate-enriched S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hoptroff
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
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