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Moreno CJ, Hernández K, Gittings S, Bolte M, Joglar J, Bujons J, Parella T, Clapés P. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Homochiral 2-Hydroxy-4-butyrolactone Derivatives by Tandem Aldol Addition and Carbonyl Reduction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:5348-5357. [PMID: 37123603 PMCID: PMC10127515 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral 2-hydroxy acids and 2-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone derivatives are structural motifs often found in fine and commodity chemicals. Here, we report a tandem biocatalytic stereodivergent route for the preparation of these compounds using three stereoselective aldolases and two stereocomplementary ketoreductases using simple and achiral starting materials. The strategy comprises (i) aldol addition reaction of 2-oxoacids to aldehydes using two aldolases from E. coli, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT Ecoli ), 2-keto-3-deoxy-l-rhamnonate aldolase (YfaU Ecoli ), and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidene pyruvate hydratase-aldolase from Pseudomonas putida (HBPA Pputida ) and (ii) subsequent 2-oxogroup reduction of the aldol adduct by ketopantoate reductase from E. coli (KPR Ecoli ) and a Δ1-piperidine-2-carboxylate/Δ1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DSM 50315 (DpkA Psyrin ) with uncovered promiscuous ketoreductase activity. A total of 29 structurally diverse compounds were prepared: both enantiomers of 2-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone (>99% ee), 21 2-hydroxy-3-substituted-4-butyrolactones with the (2R,3S), (2S,3S), (2R,3R), or (2S,3R) configuration (from 60:40 to 98:2 dr), and 6 2-hydroxy-4-substituted-4-butyrolactones with the (2S,4R) configuration (from 87:13 to 98:2 dr). Conversions of aldol adducts varied from 32 to 98%, while quantitative conversions were achieved by both ketoreductases, with global isolated yields between 20 and 45% for most of the examples. One-pot one-step cascade reactions were successfully conducted achieving isolated yields from 30 to 57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Moreno
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karel Hernández
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samantha Gittings
- Prozomix Ltd., West End Industrial Estate, Haltwhistle, Northumberland NE49 9HA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, J.-W.-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Glyoxylate protects against cyanide toxicity through metabolic modulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4982. [PMID: 35322094 PMCID: PMC8943054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cyanide's biological effects are pleiotropic, its most obvious effects are as a metabolic poison. Cyanide potently inhibits cytochrome c oxidase and potentially other metabolic enzymes, thereby unleashing a cascade of metabolic perturbations that are believed to cause lethality. From systematic screens of human metabolites using a zebrafish model of cyanide toxicity, we have identified the TCA-derived small molecule glyoxylate as a potential cyanide countermeasure. Following cyanide exposure, treatment with glyoxylate in both mammalian and non-mammalian animal models confers resistance to cyanide toxicity with greater efficacy and faster kinetics than known cyanide scavengers. Glyoxylate-mediated cyanide resistance is accompanied by rapid pyruvate consumption without an accompanying increase in lactate concentration. Lactate dehydrogenase is required for this effect which distinguishes the mechanism of glyoxylate rescue as distinct from countermeasures based solely on chemical cyanide scavenging. Our metabolic data together support the hypothesis that glyoxylate confers survival at least in part by reversing the cyanide-induced redox imbalances in the cytosol and mitochondria. The data presented herein represent the identification of a potential cyanide countermeasure operating through a novel mechanism of metabolic modulation.
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Ugurel E, Danis O, Mutlu O, Yuce-Dursun B, Gunduz C, Turgut-Balik D. Inhibitory effects of arylcoumarin derivatives on Bacteroides fragilisd‑lactate dehydrogenase. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:197-203. [PMID: 30639654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis is an anaerobic bacterium naturally hosted in the human colon flora. B. fragilisd‑lactate dehydrogenase (Bfd‑LDH) is an important enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of d‑lactate to pyruvate and regulates anaerobic glycolysis. In this study Bfd‑LDH has been targeted for structure based drug design. B. fragilisd‑lactate dehydrogenase has been expressed, purified and inhibitory activities of 25 coumarin derivatives previously synthetize for their antioxidant activity were evaluated. Among the 25 coumarin derivatives, compound 6a, 5l, and 6b exhibited the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0,47 μM, 0,57 μM ve 0,057 μM, respectively. The results indicate that the mechanism by which 6a, 5l and 6b coumarin derivatives inhibit Bfd‑LDH by reversible non-competitive inhibition. Docking experiments were carried out to further explain the results and compare the theoretical and experimental affinity of these compounds to the Bfd‑LDH protein. According to docking results, all coumarins bind to the site occupied by pyruvate and the nicotinamide ring of NADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erennur Ugurel
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Davutpasa Campus, 34210/Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Danis
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Goztepe Campus, 34722/Kadıkoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozal Mutlu
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Goztepe Campus, 34722/Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Yuce-Dursun
- Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Goztepe Campus, 34722/Kadıkoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gunduz
- Manhattan College, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 10471, Riverdale, New York, U.S.A
| | - Dilek Turgut-Balik
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Davutpasa Campus, 34210/Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Cao R, Liu Y, Wang Q, Yang D, Liu H, Ran W, Qu Y, Zhao J. Seawater Acidification Reduced the Resistance of Crassostrea gigas to Vibrio splendidus Challenge: An Energy Metabolism Perspective. Front Physiol 2018; 9:880. [PMID: 30050457 PMCID: PMC6052255 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative physiological impacts induced by exposure to acidified seawater might sensitize marine organisms to future environmental stressors, such as disease outbreak. The goal of this study was to evaluate if ocean acidification (OA) could reduce the resistance capability of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to Vibrio splendidus challenge from an energy metabolism perspective. In this study, the Pacific oyster was exposed to OA (pH 7.6) for 28 days and then challenged by V. splendidus for another 72 h. Antioxidative responses, lipid peroxidation, metabolic (energy sensors, aerobic metabolism, and anaerobic metabolism) gene expression, glycolytic enzyme activity, and the content of energy reserves (glycogen and protein) were investigated to evaluate the environmental risk of pathogen infection under the condition of OA. Our results demonstrated that following the exposure to seawater acidification, oysters exhibited an energy modulation with slight inhibition of aerobic energy metabolism, stimulation of anaerobic metabolism, and increased glycolytic enzyme activity. However, the energy modulation ability and antioxidative regulation of oysters exposed to seawater acidification may be overwhelmed by a subsequent pathogen challenge, resulting in increased oxidative damage, decreased aerobic metabolism, stimulated anaerobic metabolism, and decreased energy reserves. Overall, although anaerobic metabolism was initiated to partially compensate for inhibited aerobic energy metabolism, increased oxidative damage combined with depleted energy reserves suggested that oysters were in an unsustainable bioenergetic state and were thereby incapable of supporting long-term population viability under conditions of seawater acidification and a pathogen challenge from V. splendidus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Cao
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Wen Ran
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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Sivanathan S, Körber F, Tent JA, Werner S, Scherkenbeck J. Enantiomerically Pure 3-Aryl- and 3-Hetaryl-2-hydroxypropanoic Acids by Chemoenzymatic Reduction of 2-Oxo Acids. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2554-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502529g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivatharushan Sivanathan
- Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße
20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Florian Körber
- Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße
20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jannis Aron Tent
- Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße
20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Svenja Werner
- Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße
20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scherkenbeck
- Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße
20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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6
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Lüttenberg S, Ta TD, von der Heyden J, Scherkenbeck J. Enantioselective Reduction of 3-Aryl-2-oxo-propanoic Acids: A Comparison of Enzymatic and Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Methods. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Koda R, Imanishi Y, Yoshino A, Kawamoto S, Kazama JJ, Narita I, Takeda T. Persistent metabolic acidosis in a hemodialyzed patient with short bowel syndrome. Intern Med 2013; 52:1379-82. [PMID: 23774551 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is characterized by a malabsorptive state. It is conceivable that the coexistence of SBS and end-stage renal disease can lead to severe metabolic acidosis; however, such a condition has rarely been documented. We herein describe the case of a 64-year-old man with SBS who required maintenance hemodialysis. Persistent metabolic acidosis and mineral and bone disorders should be of particular concern in hemodialyzed patients with SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Koda
- Department of Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Japan.
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Gao C, Zhang W, Huang Y, Ma C, Xu P. Efficient conversion of 1,2-butanediol to (R)-2-hydroxybutyric acid using whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 115:75-78. [PMID: 22126977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(R)-2-Hydroxybutyric acid ((R)-2-HBA) is an important building block for azinothricin family of antitumour antibiotics and biodegradable poly(2-hydroxybutyric acid). However, optically active (R)-2-HBA could not be produced through microbial fermentation or chemical synthesis. Several biocatalytic methods have been reported for the production of (R)-2-HBA. Those processes used expensive and scarce substrates and would not be suitable for practical application. In this work, Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003 was confirmed to have the ability to produce (R)-2-HBA from 1,2-butanediol, a non-toxic and inexpensive compound that had a great potential for biotechnological processes. Under the optimal conditions, the biocatalytic process produced (R)-2-HBA at a high concentration (18.5 g l(-1)) and a high enantiomeric excess (99.7%). The biocatalysis process introduced in this study may provide a technically and economically interesting route for production of (R)-2-HBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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9
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Ratzka J, Lauterbach L, Lenz O, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Stabilisation of the NAD+-reducing soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha H16 through modification with methoxy-poly(ethylene) glycol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Ratzka J, Lauterbach L, Lenz O, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Systematic evaluation of the dihydrogen-oxidising and NAD+-reducing soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha H16 as a cofactor regeneration catalyst. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2011. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2011.615393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Gao C, Zhang W, Ma C, Liu P, Xu P. Kinetic resolution of 2-hydroxybutanoate racemic mixtures by NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4595-4599. [PMID: 21295977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Optically active D-2-hydroxybutanoate is an important building block intermediate for medicines and biodegradable poly(2-hydroxybutanoate). Kinetic resolution of racemic 2-hydroxybutanoate may be a green and desirable alternative for D-2-hydroxybutanoate production. In this work, D-2-hydroxybutanoate at a high concentration (0.197 M) and a high enantiomeric excess (99.1%) was produced by an NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-iLDH) containing biocatalyst. 2-Oxobutanoate, another important intermediate, was co-produced at a high concentration (0.193 M). Using a simple ion exchange process with the macroporous anion exchange resin D301, D-2-hydroxybutanoate was separated from the biotransformation system with a high recovery of 84.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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12
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Yazbeck DR, Martinez CA, Hu S, Tao J. Challenges in the development of an efficient enzymatic process in the pharmaceutical industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Crystallization and some properties of d-lactate dehydrogenase from Staphylococcus sp. LDH-1. J Biosci Bioeng 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(02)80173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Adam W, Lazarus M, Saha-Möller CR, Schreier P. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Optically Active α-Oxyfunctionalized Carbonyl Compounds. Acc Chem Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ar980062i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Adam
- Institutes of Organic Chemistry and of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lazarus
- Institutes of Organic Chemistry and of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chantu R. Saha-Möller
- Institutes of Organic Chemistry and of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schreier
- Institutes of Organic Chemistry and of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Kawai Y, Hida K, Tsujimoto M, Kondo SI, Kitano K, Nakamura K, Ohno A. Asymmetric Reduction ofα-Keto Esters andα-Diketones with a Bakers’ Yeast Keto Ester Reductase. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1999. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.72.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Adam W, Lazarus M, Schmerder A, Humpf HU, Saha-Möller CR, Schreier P. Synthesis of Optically Active α-Hydroxy Acids by Kinetic Resolution Through Lipase-Catalyzed Enantioselective Acetylation. European J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199809)1998:9<2013::aid-ejoc2013>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Adam W, Lazarus M, Saha-Möller CR, Schreier P. Quantitative transformation of racemic 2-hydroxy acids into (R)-2-hydroxy acids by enantioselective oxidation with glycolate oxidase and subsequent reduction of 2-keto acids with d-lactate dehydrogenase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(97)00637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Adam W, Lazarus M, Boss B, Saha-Möller CR, Humpf HU, Schreier P. Enzymatic Resolution of Chiral 2-Hydroxy Carboxylic Acids by Enantioselective Oxidation with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by the Glycolate Oxidase from Spinach (Spinacia oleracea). J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jo971298n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Adam
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lazarus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Boss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chantu R. Saha-Möller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schreier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and the Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Podebrad F, Heil M, Leib S, Geier B, Beck T, Mosandl A, Sewell AC, Böhles H. Analytical approach in diagnosis of inherited metabolic diseases: Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) - simultaneous analysis of metabolites in urine by enantioselective multidimensional capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (enantio-MDGC-MS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jhrc.1240200703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Hummel W. New alcohol dehydrogenases for the synthesis of chiral compounds. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 1997; 58:145-84. [PMID: 9103913 DOI: 10.1007/bfb0103304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective reduction of carbonyl groups is of interest for the production of various chiral compounds such as hydroxy acids, amino acids, hydroxy esters, or alcohols. Such products have high economic value and are most interesting as additives for food and feed or as building blocks for organic synthesis. Enzymatic reactions or biotransformations with whole cells (growing or resting) for this purpose are described. Although conversions with whole cells are advantageous with respect to saving expensive isolation of the desired enzymes, the products often lack high enantiomeric excess and the process results in low time-space-yield. For the synthesis of chiral alcohols, only lab-scale syntheses with commercially available alcohol dehydrogenases have been described yet. However, most of these enzymes are of limited use for technical applications because they lack substrate specificity, stability (yeast ADH) or enantioselectivity (Thermoanaerobium brockii ADH). Furthermore, all enzymes so far described are forming (S)-alcohols. Quite recently, we found and characterized several new bacterial alcohol dehydrogenases, which are suited for the preparation of chiral alcohols as well as for hydroxy esters in technical scale. Remarkably, of all these novel ADHs the (R)-specific enzymes were found in strains of the genus Lactobacillus. Meanwhile, these new enzymes were characterized extensively. Protein data (amino acid sequence, bound cations) confirm that these catalysts are novel enzymes. (R)-specific as well as (S)-specific ADHs accept a broad variety of ketones and ketoesters as substrates. The applicability of alcohol dehydrogenases for chiral syntheses as an example for the technical use of coenzyme-dependent enzymes is demonstrated and discussed in this contribution. In particular NAD-dependent enzymes coupled with the coenzyme regeneration by formate dehydrogenase proved to be economically feasible for the production of fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hummel
- Institut für Enzymtechnologie, der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
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21
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Vinals C, De Bolle X, Depiereux E, Feytmans E. Knowledge-based modeling of the D-lactate dehydrogenase three-dimensional structure. Proteins 1995; 21:307-18. [PMID: 7567953 DOI: 10.1002/prot.340210405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional structure of the NAD-dependent D-lactate dehydrogenase of Lactobacillus bulgaricus is modeled using the structure of the formate dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas sp. as template. Both sequences share only 22% of identical residues. Regions for knowledge-based modeling are defined from the structurally conserved regions predicted by multiple alignment of a set of related protein sequences with low homology. The model of the D-LDH subunit shows, as for the formate dehydrogenase, an alpha/beta structure, with a catalytic domain and a coenzyme binding domain. It points out the catalytic histidine (His-296) and supports the hypothetical catalytic mechanism. It also suggests that the other residues involved in the active site are Arg-235, possibly involved in the binding of the carboxyl group of the pyruvate, and Phe-299, a candidate for stabilizing the methyl group of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vinals
- Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix, Namur, Belgium
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Oxidoreductions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-035941-0.50008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Enantioselective reduction of β,χ-unsaturated α-keto acids usingbacillus stearothermophilus lactate dehydrogenase: A new route to functionalised allylic alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)77723-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kallwass HK. Potential of R-2-Hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus casei for stereospecific reductions. Enzyme Microb Technol 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(92)90022-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Enzyme-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of (S)-2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid and (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid. Bioorg Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0045-2068(91)90041-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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