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Wieser W, Assaf AA, Le Gouic B, Dechandol E, Herve L, Louineau T, Dib OH, Gonçalves O, Titica M, Couzinet-Mossion A, Wielgosz-Collin G, Bittel M, Thouand G. Development and Application of an Automated Raman Sensor for Bioprocess Monitoring: From the Laboratory to an Algae Production Platform. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9746. [PMID: 38139592 PMCID: PMC10747176 DOI: 10.3390/s23249746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae provide valuable bio-components with economic and environmental benefits. The monitoring of microalgal production is mostly performed using different sensors and analytical methods that, although very powerful, are limited to qualified users. This study proposes an automated Raman spectroscopy-based sensor for the online monitoring of microalgal production. For this purpose, an in situ system with a sampling station was made of a light-tight optical chamber connected to a Raman probe. Microalgal cultures were routed to this chamber by pipes connected to pumps and valves controlled and programmed by a computer. The developed approach was evaluated on Parachlorella kessleri under different culture conditions at a laboratory and an industrial algal platform. As a result, more than 4000 Raman spectra were generated and analysed by statistical methods. These spectra reflected the physiological state of the cells and demonstrate the ability of the developed sensor to monitor the physiology of microalgal cells and their intracellular molecules of interest in a complex production environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiviane Wieser
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France; (W.W.); (T.L.); (O.H.D.); (G.T.)
- Tronico-Alcen, 26 rue du Bocage, F-85660 Saint-Philbert-De-Bouaine, France;
| | - Antony Ali Assaf
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France; (W.W.); (T.L.); (O.H.D.); (G.T.)
| | - Benjamin Le Gouic
- Nantes Université, Plateforme Algosolis, UMS CNRS 3722, F-44600 St Nazaire, France; (B.L.G.); (E.D.); (L.H.)
| | - Emmanuel Dechandol
- Nantes Université, Plateforme Algosolis, UMS CNRS 3722, F-44600 St Nazaire, France; (B.L.G.); (E.D.); (L.H.)
| | - Laura Herve
- Nantes Université, Plateforme Algosolis, UMS CNRS 3722, F-44600 St Nazaire, France; (B.L.G.); (E.D.); (L.H.)
| | - Thomas Louineau
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France; (W.W.); (T.L.); (O.H.D.); (G.T.)
| | - Omar Hussein Dib
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France; (W.W.); (T.L.); (O.H.D.); (G.T.)
| | - Olivier Gonçalves
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-44600 St Nazaire, France; (O.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Mariana Titica
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-44600 St Nazaire, France; (O.G.); (M.T.)
| | | | | | - Marine Bittel
- Tronico-Alcen, 26 rue du Bocage, F-85660 Saint-Philbert-De-Bouaine, France;
| | - Gerald Thouand
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, F-85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France; (W.W.); (T.L.); (O.H.D.); (G.T.)
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Pigment Production of Chlamydomonas Strains in Response to Norflurazon and ZnO Nanoparticles. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Numerous species of microalgae have been utilized for pigment production. More and more species are gaining popularity due to their ability to accumulate pigments with varying chemical compositions and the fact that some have distinctive byproducts that can be co-produced. Despite the fact that many of the species have unique by-products and traits, they are not being used economically due to high production costs. Utilizing agricultural and industrial wastewater for algae cultivation is one way to lower manufacturing costs. Herbicide-contaminated wastewater can result from agricultural contamination. Norflurazon is a popular pesticide frequently used for weed control. The presence of norflurazon in water renders that water unusable and requires proper treatment. Nanoparticles of ZnO (ZnO NPs), on the other hand, are utilized in a variety of industrial productions of numerous household goods. Water contaminated with ZnO NPs can present potential risks to human health and the environment. In this study, two field isolates of the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a widely used model organism, were examined for their reaction to these two compounds in order to assess the responses of different natural strains to environmental stresses. Norflurazon at 10 µM had a higher inhibitory effect on growth and pigment production than ZnO NPs at 200 mg L−1. Although both norflurazon and ZnO NPs inhibit cell growth and pigmentation, they do so through distinct processes. Norflurazon induces oxidative stress in cells, resulting in photosystem damage. ZnO nanoparticles, on the other hand, did not cause photosystem damage but rather mechanical cell damage and disintegration. In addition, the physiological responses of the two Chlamydomonas strains were distinct, supporting the utilization of natural algal strains for specific types of environmental pollutants.
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Tsai CF, Lin HW, Liao JM, Chen KM, Tsai JW, Chang CS, Chou CY, Su HH, Liu PH, Chu YC, Wang YH, Wang M, Huang SS. Dunaliella salina Alga Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating TLR4 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043871. [PMID: 36835281 PMCID: PMC9963554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is marked by rapid increase in inflammation and not only results in myocardial apoptosis but also compromises the myocardial function. Dunaliella salina (D. salina), a halophilic unicellular microalga, has been used as a provitamin A carotenoid supplement and color additive. Several studies have reported that D. salina extract could attenuate lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory effects and regulate the virus-induced inflammatory response in macrophages. However, the effects of D. salina on myocardial I/R injury remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cardioprotection of D. salina extract in rats subjected to myocardial I/R injury that was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 1 h followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Compared with the vehicle group, the myocardial infarct size significantly decreased in rats that were pre-treated with D. salina. D. salina significantly attenuated the expressions of TLR4, COX-2 and the activity of STAT1, JAK2, IκB, NF-κB. Furthermore, D. salina significantly inhibited the activation of caspase-3 and the levels of Beclin-1, p62, LC3-I/II. This study is the first to report that the cardioprotective effects of D. salina may mediate anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and decrease autophagy through the TLR4-mediated signaling pathway to antagonize myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Feng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Miaw Liao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Min Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Tsai
- Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sung Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Liu
- Department & Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (S.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12021) (M.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 11665) (S.-S.H.)
| | - Shiang-Suo Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (S.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12021) (M.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 11665) (S.-S.H.)
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Recent Advances in Marine Microalgae Production: Highlighting Human Health Products from Microalgae in View of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19). FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8090466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blue biotechnology can greatly help solve some of the most serious social problems due to its wide biodiversity, which includes marine environments. Microalgae are important resources for human needs as an alternative to terrestrial plants because of their rich biodiversity, rapid growth, and product contributions in many fields. The production scheme for microalgae biomass mainly consists of two processes: (I) the Build-Up process and (II) the Pull-Down process. The Build-Up process consists of (1) the super strain concept and (2) cultivation aspects. The Pull-Down process includes (1) harvesting and (2) drying algal biomass. In some cases, such as the manufacture of algal products, the (3) extraction of bioactive compounds is included. Microalgae have a wide range of commercial applications, such as in aquaculture, biofertilizer, bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, and functional foods, which have several industrial and academic applications around the world. The efficiency and success of biomedical products derived from microalgal biomass or its metabolites mainly depend on the technologies used in the cultivation, harvesting, drying, and extraction of microalgae bioactive molecules. The current review focuses on recent advanced technologies that enhance microalgae biomass within microalgae production schemes. Moreover, the current work highlights marine drugs and human health products derived from microalgae that can improve human immunity and reduce viral activities, especially COVID-19.
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Enhanced β-carotene production in Dunaliella salina under relative high flashing light. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gan S, Liang S, Zou Q, Shang C. Optimization of carotenoid extraction of a halophilic microalgae. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270650. [PMID: 35917330 PMCID: PMC9345481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dunaliella parva can produce abundant carotenoids under certain conditions. This paper optimized the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva. Different organic solvents were examined to determine the most suitable solvent for the extraction. After the determination of the solvent (dimethylsulfoxide, DMSO), the extraction conditions including time, temperature, and volume were then optimized to maximize the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva using response surface methodology. DMSO was identified as the most suitable solvent. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: temperature of 57.2°C, time of 11.35 min, the volume of 410 μl, and the optimal extraction efficiency reached 0.517‰. The results showed that the optimal extraction efficiency (0.517‰) improved 31.69% in comparison to the initial extraction efficiency (0.3926‰). In addition, The optimal levels of three influence factors (temperature of 57.2°C, time of 11.35 min, volume of 410 μl) decreased compared with the initial levels (temperature of 60°C, time of 20 min, volume of 1000 μl). In this paper, Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva, which would lay the groundwork for the extraction and utilization of carotenoids from D. parva in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanling Gan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shengjia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiman Zou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Changhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Rice vinasse treatment by immobilized Synechococcus pevalekii and its effect on Dunaliella salina cultivation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1477-1490. [PMID: 33682015 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of new strategies in microalgal studies represents an outstanding opportunity to mitigate environmental problems coupled with biomass production at a reduced cost. Here we present a combined bioprocess for the treatment of rice vinasse using immobilized cyanobacteria Synechococcus pevalekii in alginate beads followed by the use of the treated vinasse as a culture medium for Dunaliella salina biomass production. Cyanobacterial-alginate beads showed a chlorophyll a production of 0.68 × 10-3 mg bead-1 and a total carotenoid production of 0.64 × 10-3 mg bead-1. The first step showed a decrease in nitrate (91%), total solids (29%), and ions. Addition of treated vinasse into D. salina cultivation resulted in a significant increase in cell replication of about 175% (optimized cultivation). The use of natural seawater drastically reduced the medium cost to US$4.75 per m3 and the addition of treated vinasse has the potential to reduce it even more (up to 69%). This study not only provides an insight on the use of cyanobacteria for rice vinasse treatment but also demonstrates a promising lower-cost medium for marine microalgal biomass production with biotechnological purposes.
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Xi Y, Kong F, Chi Z. ROS Induce β-Carotene Biosynthesis Caused by Changes of Photosynthesis Efficiency and Energy Metabolism in Dunaliella salina Under Stress Conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:613768. [PMID: 33520962 PMCID: PMC7844308 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.613768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The unicellular alga Dunaliella salina is regarded as a promising cell factory for the commercial production of β-carotene due to its high yield of carotenoids. However, the underlying mechanism of β-carotene accumulation is still unclear. In this study, the regulatory mechanism of β-carotene accumulation in D. salina under stress conditions was investigated. Our results indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between the cellular ROS level and β-carotene content, and the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of PSII is negatively correlated with β-carotene content under stress conditions. The increase of ROS was found to be coupled with the inhibition of Fv/Fm of PSII in D. salina under stress conditions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of the cells cultivated with H2O2 supplementation showed that the major differentially expressed genes involved in β-carotene metabolism were upregulated, whereas the genes involved in photosynthesis were downregulated. These results indicated that ROS induce β-carotene accumulation in D. salina through fine-tuning genes which were involved in photosynthesis and β-carotene biosynthesis. Our study provided a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism involved in β-carotene accumulation in D. salina, which might be useful for overaccumulation of carotenoids and other valuable compounds in other microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Xi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Fantao Kong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhanyou Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Biologically active macromolecules: Extraction strategies, therapeutic potential and biomedical perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1-18. [PMID: 32035954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Marine biome exhibits an immense essence of excellence and enriched with high-value bioactive compounds of therapeutic and biomedical value. During the past several years, an array of biologically active molecules has been extracted/isolated and purified from numerous sources of marine origin with the aid of distinct techniques and methodologies for newer applications. The growing demand for bioactive molecules with unique functionalities in various industrial divisions, such as therapeutic sectors and biomedical, has endorsed the necessity for highly suitable and standardized strategies to extract these bioactive components using a state-of-the-art and inexpensive measures. This is also because many in practice conventional extraction methodologies suffer from processing limitations and low-yield issues. Besides that, other major issues include (i) decrease efficacy, (ii) excessive energy cost, (iii) low yield, (iv) lower cost-effective ratio, (v) minimal selectivity, (vi) low activity, and (vii) stability, etc. In this context, there is an urgent need for new and robust extraction strategies. The synergies of modern extraction techniques with efficient and novel pretreatment approaches, such as the integration of enzymes, accompanied by conventional extraction processes, should be the utmost goal of current research and development studies. The typical effectivity of the extraction techniques mostly relies on these points, i.e., (i) know-how about the source nature and type, (ii) understanding the structural and compositional profile, (iii) influence of the processing factors, (iv) interplay between the extraction conditions and the end-product, (v) understanding the available functional entities, (vi) reaction chemistry of the extract bioactive compounds, and (vii) effective exploitation of the end-product in the marketplace. Marine biome, among numerous naturally occurring sources, has been appeared an immense essence of excellence to isolate an array of biologically active constituents with medicinal values and related point-of-care applications. Herein, we reviewed the salient information covering various therapeutic potential and biomedical perspectives. Following a brief introduction and marine pharmacognosy, an array of high-value biomolecules of marine origin are discussed with suitable examples. From the robust extraction strategies viewpoint, a part of the review focuses on three techniques, i.e., (1) enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), (2) supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE), and (3) microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Each technique is further enriched with processing and workflow environment. The later part of the review is mainly focused on the therapeutic and biomedical perspectives of under-reviewed bio-active compounds or biomolecules. The previous and latest research on the anticancer, skin curative, cardio-protective, immunomodulatory and UV-protectant potentialities of marine-derived biologically active entities have been summarized with suitable examples and related pathways illustrations. Finally, the work is wrapped-up with current research challenges, future aspects, and concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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Imbimbo P, Bueno M, D’Elia L, Pollio A, Ibañez E, Olivieri G, Monti DM. Green Compressed Fluid Technologies To Extract Antioxidants and Lipids from Galdieria phlegrea in a Biorefinery Approach. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:2939-2947. [PMID: 33828932 PMCID: PMC8016174 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b07505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A green cascade approach was used to recover phycocyanins, carotenoids and lipids from Galdiera phlegrea. Phycocyanin extraction was performed by high pressure homogenization and purified by ultrafiltration, whereas carotenoids were obtained by a pressurized liquid extraction and lipids by supercritical fluid extraction. The second step of this innovative, green, and cost-effective procedure is able to improve the recovery of zeaxanthin and β-carotene up to 40%, without affecting the quality of compounds and avoiding the use of organic solvents and the drying processes. The isolated carotenoids were active as antioxidants, as clearly shown by their protective activity on a cell-based model. The lipid yield was increased by 12% with respect to conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Imbimbo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Bueno
- Laboratory
of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science
Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi D’Elia
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department
of Biology, University of Naples Federico
II, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Ibañez
- Laboratory
of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science
Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess
Engineering Group, Wageningen University
and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg
1, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Napoli, Italy
- E-mail: (G.O.)
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- E-mail: (D.M.M.)
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Ballesteros-Torres JM, Samaniego-Moreno L, Gomez-Flores R, Tamez-Guerra RS, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Tamez-Guerra P. Amino acids and acylcarnitine production by Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae from wastewater culture. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7977. [PMID: 31824754 PMCID: PMC6896938 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are a widely distributed group of prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that use a number of substances present in wastewater to produce a variety of biotechnological and nutritional biomolecules. METHODS Production ofamino acids and acylcarnitine by Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana was determined after 13 d of culture in wastewater, under various culture conditions. Wastewater was collected from "La Encantada" stream, located in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Microalgae was cultured at 23°C and natural day light, including the use of the following conditions: (1) extra light (12:12 light:dark cycles, 1,380 lumens), (2) agitation (130 rpm), and (3) both conditions, until exponential phase. Supernatant products were then analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry. In addition, metabolomic profiles related to growing conditions were evaluated. RESULTS Amino acids and acylcarnitine production by C. sorokiniana and C. vulgaris resulted in higher Ala and Leu concentrations by C. vulgaris compared with control, where control produced Gly and Pro in higher amounts compared with C. sorokiniana. Tyr, Phe, Val, and Cit were detected in lower amounts under light and shaking culture conditions. High concentrations of C0 acylcarnitines were produced by both microalgae compared with control, where C. sorokiniana production was independent of culture conditions, whereas C. vulgaris one was stimulated by shaking. C4 production was higher by C. sorokiniana compared with control. Furthermore, C4, C6DC, C14:1, C14:2, and C18:1OH production by microalga was low in all culture conditions. CONCLUSION Microalgae produced essential amino acids and nutritionally important carnitines from wastewater. In addition, C. sorokiniana biomass has higher potential as animal nutrient supplement, as compared with that of C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Ballesteros-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Luis Samaniego-Moreno
- Departamento de Riego y Drenaje, Laboratorio de Calidad de Aguas, Universidad Autónoma Agraria “Antonio Narro” (UAAAN), Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Reyes S. Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Pinheiro N, Assunção P, Rodríguez A, Sanromán MÁ, Deive FJ. Surfactant-assisted disruption and extraction for carotenoid production from a novel Dunaliella strain. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Hashemi A, Moslemi M, Pajoum Shariati F, Delavari Amrei H. Beta‐carotene production within
Dunaliella salina
cells under salt stress condition in an indoor hybrid helical‐tubular photobioreactor. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringScience and Research branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehran Iran
| | - Monire Moslemi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringScience and Research branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehran Iran
| | - Farshid Pajoum Shariati
- Department of Chemical EngineeringScience and Research branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehran Iran
| | - Hossein Delavari Amrei
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering, University of Bojnord, Bojnord Iran
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14
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Gupta PL, Rajput M, Oza T, Trivedi U, Sanghvi G. Eminence of Microbial Products in Cosmetic Industry. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2019; 9:267-278. [PMID: 31214881 PMCID: PMC6646485 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-019-0215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cosmetology is the developing branch of science, having direct impact on the society. The cosmetic sector is interested in finding novel biological alternatives which can enhance the product attributes as well as it can substitute chemical compounds. Many of the compounds are having biological origin and are acquire from bacteria, fungi, and algae. A range of biological compounds, like bio-surfactant, vitamins, antioxidants, pigments, enzymes, peptides have promising features and beneficial properties. Moreover, these products can be produced commercially with ease. The review will encompass the importance and use of microbial compounds for new cosmetic formulations as well as products associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tejas Oza
- Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360001, India
| | | | - Gaurav Sanghvi
- Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360001, India.
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15
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Costa SS, Miranda AL, de Morais MG, Costa JAV, Druzian JI. Microalgae as source of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:536-547. [PMID: 30885732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biopolymers synthesized by different microorganisms and considered substitute powers for petroleum-based plastics because they have similar mechanical properties as synthetic polymers, can be processed in a similar way and are fully biodegradable. Currently commercial PHAs are produced in fermenters using bacteria and large amounts of organic carbon sources and salts in the culture media, accounting for approximately 50% of the total production costs. A greater commercial application of the PHA is limited to a decrease in the cost of production. Several studies suggest that microalgae are a type of microorganisms that can be used to obtain PHAs at a lower cost because they have minimum nutrient requirements for growth and are photoautotrophic in nature, i.e. they use light and CO2 as their main sources of energy. Thus, this work aims to provide a review on the production of PHAs of different microalgae, focusing on the properties and composition of biopolymers, verifying the potential of using these bioplastics instead of petroleum based plastics. Studies of stimulation PHA synthesis by microalgae are still considered incipient. Still, it is clear that microalgae have the potential to produce biopolymers with lower cost and can play a vital role in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Serra Costa
- Institute of Health Sciences, RENORBIO, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Federal University of the Recôncavo of Bahia, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Lobo Miranda
- Institute of Health Sciences, RENORBIO, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Federal Institute of Baiano, Santa Inês, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque de Morais
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Janice Izabel Druzian
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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16
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Evaluation and quality assessment of defatted microalgae meal of Chlorella as an alternative food ingredient in cookies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/nfs-06-2018-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeMeal left after extraction of microalgae functional compounds is not finding its application in food. Hence, present study was aimed for the development of the cookies supplemented with meal of microalgaeChlorella sp. (Abca-17) obtained after solvent extraction of chlorophyll.Design/methodology/approachCookies were prepared by substituting refined wheat flour (RWF) with microalgae meal (MM) at incorporation levels of 3, 6, 9 and 12 per cent. The effect of replacement of RWF with MM was analyzed on the pasting properties of the flour blends and physical, chemical, sensory and textural characteristics of the cookies.FindingsMM exhibited high water and oil absorption capacity of 0.8 g/g and 1.2 g/g, respectively. Weight and thickness of the cookies increased, whereas the diameter, spread ratio and spread factor decreased with the increased proportion of meal in flour blends. The moisture and ash content (0.8-2.0 per cent) of the cookies increased, whereas fat content showed no pronounced variation. Sensory evaluation of cookies revealed no significant difference at 6 per cent level of incorporation and further supplementation resulted in dark colour and increased hardness. Texture profile analysis of cookies also revealed that the peak positive force for breaking the cookies increased (3115.6-7372.1 N) with increase in the level of incorporation of meal.Practical implicationsMM can be used in the development of the cookies at level of incorporation of 6 per cent and presents novice approach for utilization of bioprocessing waste.Originality/valueThe present study is a pioneer effort in demonstration of utilization of MM as alternate food ingredient. MM ofChlorella sp. (Abca-17) was characterized as food ingredient using physicochemical analysis and model food system using cookies.
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17
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Zhao X, Ma R, Liu X, Ho SH, Xie Y, Chen J. Strategies related to light quality and temperature to improve lutein production of marine microalga Chlamydomonas sp. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:435-443. [PMID: 30467772 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The marine microalga Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4 was examined for its potential as a lutein producer. Environmental conditions, including light quality, temperature and light wavelength mixing ratio, were individually altered to enhance the cell growth rate and lutein production in strain JSC4. Results showed that optimal cell growth was obtained under white light and a temperature of 35 °C, while the optimal lutein content was obtained under blue light and a lower temperature of 20-25 °C. The best lutein production occurred when using a mixing ratio of 3:1 (white light: blue light). Strategies related to light quality and temperature (namely, temperature-gradient and two-stage strategies) were then used to further improve lutein production. Among them, the two-stage strategy proved to be effective markedly improving lutein content from 2.52 to 4.24 mg/g and resulting in the highest lutein productivity of 3.25 mg/L/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurui Zhao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Youping Xie
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
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18
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McKie-Krisberg ZM, Laurens LM, Huang A, Polle JE. Comparative energetics of carbon storage molecules in green algae. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Potential of New Isolates of Dunaliella Salina for Natural β-Carotene Production. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7010014. [PMID: 29389891 PMCID: PMC5872040 DOI: 10.3390/biology7010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The halotolerant microalga Dunaliella salina has been widely studied for natural β-carotene production. This work shows biochemical characterization of three newly isolated Dunaliellasalina strains, DF15, DF17, and DF40, compared with D. salina CCAP 19/30 and D. salina UTEX 2538 (also known as D. bardawil). Although all three new strains have been genetically characterized as Dunaliella salina strains, their ability to accumulate carotenoids and their capacity for photoprotection against high light stress are different. DF15 and UTEX 2538 reveal great potential for producing a large amount of β-carotene and maintained a high rate of photosynthesis under light of high intensity; however, DF17, DF40, and CCAP 19/30 showed increasing photoinhibition with increasing light intensity, and reduced contents of carotenoids, in particular β-carotene, suggesting that the capacity of photoprotection is dependent on the cellular content of carotenoids, in particular β-carotene. Strong positive correlations were found between the cellular content of all-trans β-carotene, 9-cis β-carotene, all-trans α-carotene and zeaxanthin but not lutein in the D. salina strains. Lutein was strongly correlated with respiration in photosynthetic cells and strongly related to photosynthesis, chlorophyll and respiration, suggesting an important and not hitherto identified role for lutein in coordinated control of the cellular functions of photosynthesis and respiration in response to changes in light conditions, which is broadly conserved in Dunaliella strains. Statistical analysis based on biochemical data revealed a different grouping strategy from the genetic classification of the strains. The significance of these data for strain selection for commercial carotenoid production is discussed.
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20
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Carotenoids from microalgae: A review of recent developments. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1396-1412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Chen L, Zhang L, Liu T. Concurrent production of carotenoids and lipid by a filamentous microalga Trentepohlia arborum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:567-573. [PMID: 27179952 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
During the study of Trentepohlia arborum it became clear that its cells are rich in lipids and carotenoids. Thus, lipid content, composition and fatty acids profiles in individual lipid classes, as well as pigment profiles, responding to different culture conditions, were further investigated. The results showed that the predominant carotenoids and lipid fraction in total lipid in this study was β-carotene and TAG, respectively. The lipid content increased significantly under high light while nitrogen-replete conditions induced the highest carotenoids content. However, only with a double stress of high light and nitrogen-deficiency it was possible to maximize the productivities of both carotenoids and lipids. Carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) accounted for ca. 5% of the microalgal lipid under the double stress. Data herein show the potential of T. arborum for the production of both lipids and carotenoids, and hence provide an appropriate way to produce different products from T. arborum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, People's Republic of China; College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Abstract
The paper discusses the potential applicability of the process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) in the production of algal extracts with the consideration of the process conditions and yields. State of the art in the research on solvent-free isolation of biologically active compounds from the biomass of algae was presented. Various aspects related with the properties of useful compounds found in cells of microalgae and macroalgae were discussed, including their potential applications as the natural components of plant protection products (biostimulants and bioregulators), dietary feed and food supplements, and pharmaceuticals. Analytical methods of determination of the natural compounds derived from algae were discussed. Algal extracts produced by SFE process enable obtaining a solvent-free concentrate of biologically active compounds; however, detailed economic analysis, as well as elaboration of products standardization procedures, is required in order to implement the products in the market.
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23
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Davis RW, Carvalho BJ, Jones HDT, Singh S. The role of photo-osmotic adaptation in semi-continuous culture and lipid particle release from Dunaliella viridis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2015; 27:109-123. [PMID: 25620852 PMCID: PMC4297879 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-014-0331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although great efforts have been made to elucidate the phenotypic responses of alga to varying levels of nutrients, osmotic environments, and photosynthetically active radiation intensities, the role of interactions among these variables is largely nebulous. Here, we describe a general method for establishing and maintaining semi-continuous cultures of the halophilic microalgal production strain, Dunaliella viridis, that is independent of variations in salinity and illumination intensity. Using this method, the cultures were evaluated to elucidate the overlapping roles of photosynthetic and osmotic adaptation on the accumulation and compositional variation of the biomass, photosynthetic productivity, and physiological biomarkers, as well as spectroscopic and morphological details at the single-cell level. Correlation matrices defining the relationships among the observables and based on variation of the illumination intensity and salinity were constructed for predicting bioproduct yields for varying culture conditions. Following maintenance of stable cultures for 6-week intervals, phenotypic responses to photo-osmotic drift were explored using a combination of single-cell hyperspectral fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry. In addition to morphological changes, release of lipid microparticles from the cells that is disproportionate to cell lysis was observed under hypotonic drift, indicating the existence of a reversible membrane permeation mechanism in Dunaliella. This phenomenon introduces the potential for low-cost strategies for recovering lipids and pigments from the microalgae by minimizing the requirement for energy intensive harvesting and dewatering of the biomass. The results should be applicable to outdoor culture, where seasonal changes resulting in variable solar flux and precipitation and evaporation rates are anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W. Davis
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551 USA
| | | | - Howland D. T. Jones
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA
- Present Address: HyperImage Solutions, Rio Rancho, NM 87144 USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551 USA
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Marine Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan South Korea
- Marine Bioprocess Research Center; Pukyong National University; Busan South Korea
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25
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Markou G, Nerantzis E. Microalgae for high-value compounds and biofuels production: A review with focus on cultivation under stress conditions. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1532-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Besson A, Guiraud P. High-pH-induced flocculation-flotation of the hypersaline microalga Dunaliella salina. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 147:464-470. [PMID: 24012843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural autoflocculation was not observed in a Dunaliella salina hypersaline culture and the microalgae did not float without destabilization of the algal suspension. High-pH-induced flocculation by sodium hydroxide addition was chosen to induce flotation. Recovery efficiencies greater than 90% and concentration factors of around 20 were reached. An autoflocculation mechanism, with precipitation of magnesium hydroxide, is proposed to explain a sweeping flotation of D. salina cells. The influence of the flow rate of sodium hydroxide addition was also studied to anticipate the constraints related to the industrialization of this process. The flow rate of sodium hydroxide addition had no effect on the recovery efficiency and reduced the concentration factor only for abrupt injections. Natural increase of culture pH by photosynthetic activity could reduce the amount of base consumed. Non-harvested cells remained viable during pH increase and could be used as inoculum for a new culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Besson
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR 5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Pascal Guiraud
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR 5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
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27
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de Boer L. Biotechnological production of colorants. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 143:51-89. [PMID: 24037500 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The color of food and drinks is important, as it is associated with freshness and taste. Despite that natural colorants are more expensive to produce, less stable to heat and light, and less consistent in color range, natural colorants have been gaining market share in recent years. The background is that artificial colorants are often associated with negative health aspects. Considerable progress has been made towards the fermentative production of some colorants. Because colorant biosynthesis is under close metabolic control, extensive strain and process development are needed in order to establish an economical production process. Another approach is the synthesis of colors by means of biotransformation of adequate precursors. Algae represent a promising group of microorganisms that have shown a high potential for the production of different colorants, and dedicated fermentation and downstream technologies have been developed. This chapter reviews the available information with respect to these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lex de Boer
- Department of Food and Technology, Groen Agro Control B.V, Distributieweg 1, 2645, EG, Delfgauw, The Netherlands,
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28
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Murray PM, Moane S, Collins C, Beletskaya T, Thomas OP, Duarte AWF, Nobre FS, Owoyemi IO, Pagnocca FC, Sette LD, McHugh E, Causse E, Pérez-López P, Feijoo G, Moreira MT, Rubiolo J, Leirós M, Botana LM, Pinteus S, Alves C, Horta A, Pedrosa R, Jeffryes C, Agathos SN, Allewaert C, Verween A, Vyverman W, Laptev I, Sineoky S, Bisio A, Manconi R, Ledda F, Marchi M, Pronzato R, Walsh DJ. Sustainable production of biologically active molecules of marine based origin. N Biotechnol 2013; 30:839-50. [PMID: 23563183 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The marine environment offers both economic and scientific potential which are relatively untapped from a biotechnological point of view. These environments whilst harsh are ironically fragile and dependent on a harmonious life form balance. Exploitation of natural resources by exhaustive wild harvesting has obvious negative environmental consequences. From a European industry perspective marine organisms are a largely underutilised resource. This is not due to lack of interest but due to a lack of choice the industry faces for cost competitive, sustainable and environmentally conscientious product alternatives. Knowledge of the biotechnological potential of marine organisms together with the development of sustainable systems for their cultivation, processing and utilisation are essential. In 2010, the European Commission recognised this need and funded a collaborative RTD/SME project under the Framework 7-Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE) Theme 2 Programme 'Sustainable culture of marine microorganisms, algae and/or invertebrates for high value added products'. The scope of that project entitled 'Sustainable Production of Biologically Active Molecules of Marine Based Origin' (BAMMBO) is outlined. Although the Union is a global leader in many technologies, it faces increasing competition from traditional rivals and emerging economies alike and must therefore improve its innovation performance. For this reason innovation is placed at the heart of a European Horizon 2020 Strategy wherein the challenge is to connect economic performance to eco performance. This article provides a synopsis of the research activities of the BAMMBO project as they fit within the wider scope of sustainable environmentally conscientious marine resource exploitation for high-value biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Murray
- Department of Applied Science, Limerick Institute of Technology, Limerick, Ireland; Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Hartnett Enterprise Acceleration Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Limerick, Ireland
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29
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Zhao R, Cao Y, Xu H, Lv L, Qiao D, Cao Y. ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS FROM THE GREEN ALGA DUNALIELLA SALINA (CHLOROPHYTA)(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:1454-1460. [PMID: 27020369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teodor. is a novel model photosynthetic eukaryote for studying photosystems, high salinity acclimation, and carotenoid accumulation. In spite of such significance, there have been limited studies on the Dunaliella genome transcriptome and proteome. To further investigate D. salina, a cDNA library was constructed and sequenced. Here, we present the analysis of the 2,282 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated together with 3,990 ESTs from dbEST. A total of 4,148 unique sequences (UniSeqs) were identified, of which 56.1% had sequence similarity with Uniprot entries, suggesting that a large number of unique genes may be harbored by Dunaliella. Additionally, protein family domains were identified to further characterize these sequences. Then, we also compared EST sequences with different complete eukaryotic genomes from several animals, plants, and fungi. We observed notable differences between D. salina and other organisms. This EST collection and its annotation provided a significant resource for basic and applied research on D. salina and laid the foundation for a systematic analysis of the transcriptome basis of green algae development and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Yu Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Linfeng Lv
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
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30
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Chengala AA, Hondzo M, Troolin D, Lefebvre PA. Kinetic responses of Dunaliella in moving fluids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 107:65-75. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Kleinegris DMM, Janssen M, Brandenburg WA, Wijffels RH. The selectivity of milking of Dunaliella salina. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2010; 12:14-23. [PMID: 19475448 PMCID: PMC2816252 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-009-9195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The process of the simultaneous production and extraction of carotenoids, milking, of Dunaliella salina was studied. We would like to know the selectivity of this process. Could all the carotenoids produced be extracted? And would it be possible to vary the profile of the produced carotenoids and, consequently, influence the type of carotenoids extracted? By using three different D. salina strains and three different stress conditions, we varied the profiles of the carotenoids produced. Between Dunaliella bardawil and D. salina 19/18, no remarkable differences were seen in the extraction profiles, although D. salina 19/18 seemed to be better extractable. D. salina 19/25 was not "milkable" at all. The milking process could only be called selective for secondary carotenoids in case gentle mixing was used. In aerated flat-panel photobioreactors, extraction was much better, but selectiveness decreased and also chlorophyll and primary carotenoids were extracted. This was possibly related to cell damage due to shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorinde M M Kleinegris
- Agrotechnology and Food Science, Bioprocess Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Ota M, Watanabe H, Kato Y, Watanabe M, Sato Y, Smith RL, Inomata H. Carotenoid production from Chlorococcum littorale
in photoautotrophic cultures with downstream supercritical fluid processing. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2327-35. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hadi MR, Shariati M, Afsharzadeh S. Microalgal biotechnology: Carotenoid and glycerol production by the green algae Dunaliella isolated from the Gave-Khooni salt marsh, Iran. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-007-0185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim SK, Ravichandran YD, Khan SB, Kim YT. Prospective of the cosmeceuticals derived from marine organisms. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhu YH, Jiang JG, Chen Q. Characterization of cDNA of lycopene β-cyclase responsible for a high level of β-carotene accumulation inDunaliella salina. Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 86:285-92. [DOI: 10.1139/o08-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene β-cyclase (Lyc-B) is the key enzyme in the catalysis of linear lycopene to form cyclic β-carotene, an indispensable part of the photosynthetic apparatus and an important source of vitamin A in human and animal nutrition. Studies showing that the microalga Dunaliella salina can accumulate a high level of β-carotene are lacking. We hypothesize that D. salina is closely involved with the catalytic mechanism of Lyc-B and the molecular regulation of its gene. In this study, we used RT–PCR and RACE–PCR to isolate a 2475 bp cDNA with a 1824 bp open reading frame, encoding a putative Lyc-B, from D. salina. Homology studies showed that the deduced amino acid sequence had a significant overall similarity with sequences of other green algae and higher plants, and that it shared the highest sequence identity, up to 64%, with Lyc-B of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Codon analysis showed that synonymous codon usage in the enzyme has a strong bias towards codons ending with adenosine. Two motifs were found in the Lyc-B sequence, one at the N terminus, for binding the hypothetical cofactor FAD, and the other was a substrate carrier motif in oxygenic organisms shared by an earlier carotenogenesis enzyme, phytoene desaturase, and Lyc-B. A tertiary structure prediction suggested that the catalytic or binding site structure within LycB from D. salina is superior to that of both H. pluvialis and C. reinhardtii. The LycB protein from D. salina was quite removed from that of H. pluvialis and C. reinhardtii in the phylogenetic tree. Taken as a whole, this information provides insight into the regulatatory mechanism of Lyc-B at the molecular level and the high level of β-carotene accumulation in the microalga D. salina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hui Zhu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
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Lee JH, Seo YB, Jeong SY, Nam SW, Kim YT. Functional analysis of combinations in astaxanthin biosynthesis genes fromParacoccus haeundaensis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02931110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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García F, Freile-Pelegrín Y, Robledo D. Physiological characterization of Dunaliella sp. (Chlorophyta, Volvocales) from Yucatan, Mexico. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2007; 98:1359-65. [PMID: 16949279 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 05/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Physiological responses of Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella viridis, isolated from solar saltworks on the Yucatan Peninsula, were studied. Optimal growth temperature for D. salina was 22 degrees C (3.06 x 10(6) cells mL(-1)) and 26 degrees C for D. viridis (4.04 x 10(6)cells mL(-1)). Total carotenoid content in D. salina increased with temperature to a maximum of 35.14 pg cell(-1) at 38 degrees C. Dunaliella salina alpha-carotene and beta-carotene content was 0.083+/-0.003 and 0.598+/-0.020 mg 100g dry wt(-1) respectively, whereas lower values were found in D. viridis cultured under same experimental conditions (0.018+/-0.002 and 0.136+/-0.012 mg 100g dry wt(-1) respectively). The highest specific growth rate in D. salina was obtained at 10% NaCl (0.28 d(-1)), while its cell volume increased from 524 to 2066.93 microm(3) when cultured from 10% to 35% NaCl. Maximum photosynthetic rates were attained when increasing from optimal growing temperature to 30 degrees C for D. viridis (108 n mol O(2)microg chl alpha h(-1)) and D. salina (139 n mol O(2)microg chl alpha h(-1)). Photosynthetic responses to temperature variations indicated physiological adjustments in both species, with higher acclimation in D. salina. Evaluation of physiological attributes of these species will be used for to carry out mass cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca García
- Department of Marine Resources, Cinvestav, Km 6 carretera antigua a Progreso, Cordemex 97310, AP 73 Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico
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Lee MY, Min BS, Chang CS, Jin E. Isolation and characterization of a xanthophyll aberrant mutant of the green alga Nannochloropsis oculata. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2006; 8:238-45. [PMID: 16525864 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-006-5078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel mutants (xan1 and xan2) of the unicellular green alga Nannochloropsis oculata are impaired in xanthophyll biosynthesis, thereby producing aberrant levels of xanthophylls. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the xan1 and xan2 mutants have double the violaxanthin (V) content, but have significantly decreased lutein content in their cells compared to the wild type. Furthermore, these mutants contain two to three times more zeaxanthin than the wild type under low light (LL) growth conditions. However, this xanthophyll aberration in N. oculata did not affect the normal growth and the major cellular chemical composition of the xan1 strain. The xanthophyll pool size of the LL-grown mutant was 1.8-fold greater than that of the wild type. Under high light (HL) growth conditions, V content was substantially decreased in both the mutant and wild types because of the epoxidation state of the xanthophylls. Under LL growth conditions, the deepoxidation states of the xanthophyll pool sizes were 0.1 and 1.2 in the wild type and the mutant, respectively. However, the deepoxidation states of the xanthophyll pool sizes were 0.78 in the wild type and 0.87 in the mutant under HL growth conditions. We observed that the level of one of the commercially important xanthophylls, zeaxanthin, was higher in the mutant than in the wild type under all culture conditions. This mutant is discussed in terms of its commercial value and potential utilization by the algal biotechnology industry for the production of zeaxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Lee
- Division of Life Science, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam, 336-600, Korea
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