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Hussain A, Azam S, Maqsood R, Anwar R, Akash MSH, Hussain H, Wang D, Imran M, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Khan S, Hussain S, Ayub MA. Chemistry, biosynthesis, and theranostics of antioxidant flavonoids and polyphenolics of genus Rhododendron: an overview. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03428-6. [PMID: 39276249 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The genus Rhododendron is an ancient and most widely distributed genus of the family Ericaceae consisting of evergreen plant species that have been utilized as traditional medicine since a very long time for the treatment of various ailments including pain, asthma, inflammation, cold, and acute bronchitis. The chemistry of polyphenolics isolated from a number of species of the genus Rhododendron has been investigated. During the currently designed study, an in-depth study on the phytochemistry, natural distribution, biosynthesis, and pharmacological properties including their potential capability as free radical scavengers has been conducted. This work provides structural characteristics of phenolic compounds isolated from the species of Rhododendron with remarkable antioxidant potential. In addition, biosynthesis and theranostic study have also been encompassed with the aims to furnish a wide platform of valuable information for designing of new drug entities. The detailed information including names, structural features, origins, classification, biosynthetic pathways, theranostics, and pharmacological effects of about 171 phenolics and flavonoids isolated from the 36 plant species of the genus Rhododendron with the antioxidant potential has been covered in this manuscript. This study demonstrated that species of Rhododendron genus have excellent antioxidant activities and great potential as a source for natural health products. This comprehensive review might serve as a foundation for more investigation into the Rhododendron genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Azam
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Maqsood
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Anwar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | | | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daijie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Havelian, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University (KIU), Gilgit, Gilgit-Baltistan, 15100, Pakistan
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Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil from Rhododendron anwheiense Flowers. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Qin Y, Chen JP, Li CY, Zhu LJ, Zhang X, Wang JH, Yao XS. Flavonoid glycosides from the fruits of Embelia ribes and their anti-oxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:724-730. [PMID: 34253100 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1776266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three new flavonoid glycosides, embeliaflavosides A-C (1-3), together with eight known flavonoid glycosides (4-11), were isolated from the fruits of Embelia ribes. Their structures were established based on the analyses of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-11 were evaluated for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The results revealed that compounds 1-11 owned significant ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 2.52-9.78 µM, and DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 values of 7.56-26.47 µM, respectively. However, α-glucosidase inhibition assay indicated that all the isolates were inactive.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin-Peng Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Quality Markers, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ling-Juan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Maqbool H, Abubacker Z, M.P. S, Kumar S. Antioxidant Properties and the Preservative Effect of Whole Radish Extract on Quality of Deccan Mahseer (Tor khudree) Steaks during Chilled Storage. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2020.1800158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Maqbool
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India
| | - Zynudheen Abubacker
- Fish Processing Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Safeena M.P.
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Fish Processing Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
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Qian CY, Quan WX, Xiang ZM, Li CC. Characterization of Volatile Compounds in Four Different Rhododendron Flowers by GC×GC-QTOFMS. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183327. [PMID: 31547401 PMCID: PMC6767277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Volatile compounds in flowers of Rhododendron delavayi, R. agastum, R. annae, and R. irroratum were analyzed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC×GC) coupled with high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOFMS). A significantly increased number of compounds was separated by GC×GC compared to conventional one-dimensional GC (1DGC), allowing more comprehensive understanding of the volatile composition of Rhododendron flowers. In total, 129 volatile compounds were detected and quantified. Among them, hexanal, limonene, benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-nonen-1-ol, phenylethyl alcohol, citronellal, isopulegol, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, and pyridine are the main compounds with different content levels in all flower samples. 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-methyl-benzene exhibits significantly higher content in R. irroratum compared to in the other three species, while isopulegol is only found in R. irroratum and R. agastum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals/Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Guangdong Institute of Analysis, Guangzhou 510070, China.
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Mountainous Environmental Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Wen-Xuan Quan
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Mountainous Environmental Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Zhang-Min Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals/Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Guangdong Institute of Analysis, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Chao-Chan Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Mountainous Environmental Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
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Zhu W, Qiu J, Zeng YR, Yi P, Lou HY, Jian JY, Zuo MX, Duan L, Gu W, Huang LJ, Li YM, Yuan CM, Hao XJ. Cytotoxic phenolic constituents from Hypericum japonicum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 164:33-40. [PMID: 31071600 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed compounds, including five xanthone derivatives, two flavonoids, one 2-pyrone derivative, and one undescribed naturally occurring compound, along with 30 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from Hypericum japonicum. In addition, hyperjaponols A and B were identified as racemates. The structures and absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds were determined by comprehensive MS, NMR spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds on two human tumour cell lines (HEL and MDA-MB-231) were evaluated by the MTT assay. Eighteen compounds showed good inhibitory activities against the HEL cell line, with IC50 values of 3.53-18.7 μM, while nine compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 4.92 to 10.75 μM. Their preliminary structure-activity relationship of the isolated compounds was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Rong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jun-You Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ming-Xing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lie-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Yan H, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Chai L, Li L, Wang X, Liu Y, Li Y. New lignans, sesquiterpenes and other constituents from twigs and leaves of Rhododendron micranthum. Fitoterapia 2019; 135:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Constituents of Cosmos bipinnatus. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Archidendron clypearia (Jack.) I.C. Nielsen: Results from systematic screening of Vietnamese medicinal plants. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:549-556. [PMID: 28756918 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen Vietnamese medicinal plants for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and to isolate XO inhibitor(s) from the most active plant. METHODS The plants materials were extracted by methanol. The active plant materials were fractionated using different organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Bioassay-guided fractionation and column chromatography were used to isolate compounds. The compounds structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, including IR, MS, and NMR. RESULTS Three hundreds and eleven methanol extracts (CME) belonging to 301 Vietnamese herbs were screened for XO inhibitory activity. Among these plants, 57 extracts displayed XO inhibitory activity at 100 μg/mL with inhibition rates of over 50%. The extracts of Archidendron clypearia (A. clypearia), Smilax poilanei, Linociera ramiflora and Passiflora foetida exhibited the greatest potency with IC50 values below 30 μg/mL. Chemical study performed on the extract of A. clypearia resulted in the isolation of six compounds, including 1-octacosanol, docosenoic acid, daucosterol, methyl gallate, quercitrin and (-)-7-O-galloyltricetiflavan. The compound (-)-7-O-galloyltricetiflavan showed the most potent XO inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 25.5 μmol/L. CONCLUSIONS From this investigation, four Vietnamese medicinal plants were identified to have XO inhibitory effects with IC50 values of the methanol extracts below 30 μg/mL. Compound (-)-7-O- galloyltricetiflavan was identified as an XO inhibitor from A. clypearia with IC50 value of 25.5 μmol/L.
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Tung YT, Lin LC, Liu YL, Ho ST, Lin CY, Chuang HL, Chiu CC, Huang CC, Wu JH. Antioxidative phytochemicals from Rhododendron oldhamii Maxim. leaf extracts reduce serum uric acid levels in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:423. [PMID: 26627882 PMCID: PMC4665888 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Some of the genus Rhododendron was used in traditional medicine for arthritis, acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma, pain, inflammation, rheumatism, hypertension and metabolic diseases and many species of the genus Rhododendron contain a large number of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties that could be developed into pharmaceutical products. Methods In this study, the antioxidative phytochemicals of Rhododendron oldhamii Maxim. leaves were detected by an online HPLC–DPPH method. In addition, the anti-hyperuricemic effect of the active phytochemicals from R. oldhamii leaf extracts was investigated using potassium oxonate (PO)-induced acute hyperuricemia. Results Six phytochemicals, including (2R, 3R)-epicatechin (1), (2R, 3R)-taxifolin (2), (2R, 3R)-astilbin (3), hyposide (4), guaijaverin (5), and quercitrin (6), were isolated using the developed screening method. Of these, compounds 3, 4, 5, and 6 were found to be major bioactive phytochemicals, and their contents were determined to be 130.8 ± 10.9, 105.5 ± 8.5, 104.1 ± 4.7, and 108.6 ± 4.0 mg per gram of EtOAc fraction, respectively. In addition, the four major bioactive phytochemicals at the same dosage (100 mmol/kg) were administered to the abdominal cavity of potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice, and the serum uric acid level was measured after 3 h of administration. H&E staining showed that PO-induced kidney injury caused renal tubular epithelium nuclear condensation in the cortex areas or the appearance of numerous hyaline casts in the medulla areas; treatment with 100 mmol/kg of EtOAc fraction, (2R, 3R)-astilbin, hyposide, guaijaverin, and quercitrin significantly reduced kidney injury. In addition, the serum uric acid level was significantly suppressed by 54.1, 35.1, 56.3, 56.3, and 53.2 %, respectively, by the administrations of 100 mmol/kg EtOAc fraction and the derived major phytochemicals, (2R, 3R)-astilbin, hyposide, guaijaverin, and quercitrin, compared to the PO group. The administration of 10 mg/kg benzbromarone, a well-known uricosuric agent, significantly reduced the serum uric acid level by 45.5 % compared to the PO group. Conclusion The in vivo decrease in uric acid was consistent with free radical scavenging activity, indicating that the major phytochemicals of R. oldhamii leave extracts and the derived phytochemicals possess potent hypouricemic effects, and they could be potential candidates for new hypouricemic agents.
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Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds against Candida glabrata. Molecules 2015; 20:17903-12. [PMID: 26426003 PMCID: PMC6332047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201017903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic mycoses increase the morbidity and mortality of immuno-compromised patients. Five Candida species have been shown to be responsible for 97% of worldwide cases of invasive candidiasis. Resistance of C. glabrata and C. krusei to azoles has been reported, and new, improved antifungal agents are needed. The current study was designed to evaluatethe activity of various polyphenolic compounds against Candida species. Antifungal activity was evaluated following the M27-A3 protocol of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, and antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay. Myricetin and baicalein inhibited the growth of all species tested. This effect was strongest against C. glabrata, for which the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was lower than that of fluconazole. The MIC values against C. glabrata for myricitrin, luteolin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyflavone, and fisetin were similar to that of fluconazole. The antioxidant activity of all compounds was confirmed, and polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity had the greatest activity against C. glabrata. The structure and position of their hydroxyl groups appear to influence their activity against C. glabrata.
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Prajapati AS, Raval SK, Sinha S, Varia TN, Mashiyava PH. Effect of Phyllanthus amarus on serum biochemical changes in azaserine induced pancreatic cancer in Wistar rats. Vet World 2015; 8:937-40. [PMID: 27047180 PMCID: PMC4774759 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.937-940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study was performed to investigate the effect of Phyllanthus amarus extracts on serum biochemical changes in azaserine induced pancreatic cancer in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic cancer was developed in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of azaserine (cancer inducer) for 21 days at the concentration of 5 mg/kg body weight. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts were given to rats of different groups as per protocol. RESULTS The results data revealed that oral administration of P. amarus extracts had a significant change in pancreatic amylase, lipase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity. CONCLUSION We concluded that extract of P. amarus possessed chemoprotective activity against azaserine induced pancreatic cancer in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit S. Prajapati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunant K. Raval
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Suprita Sinha
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Tapan N. Varia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Parimal H. Mashiyava
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Seo KH, Lee DY, Jeong RH, Lee DS, Kim YE, Hong EK, Kim YC, Baek NI. Neuroprotective Effect of Prenylated Arylbenzofuran and Flavonoids from Morus alba Fruits on Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Injury in HT22 Hippocampal Cells. J Med Food 2015; 18:403-8. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Hwa Seo
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Dae-Young Lee
- Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Korea
| | - Rak-Hun Jeong
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | | | - Eock-Kee Hong
- School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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Wang X, Jiang R, Liu Z, Liu W, Xie M, Wei S, She G. Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Poisonous Genera of Ericaceae in China. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Ericaceae is comprised of about 70 genera of which about 20 are found throughout China. Of these Ledum, Rhododendron, Enkianthus, Pieris, Craibiodendron, Gaultheria, Vaccinium, and Leucothoe are regarded as poisonous. Many species of these poisonous genera are used as Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of, for example, inflammation, asthma, and coughs. Modern research has demonstrated that the toxic ingredients of these poisonous genera are chiefly tetracyclic diterpenes, which have adverse effects on the digestive, cardiovascular and nervous systems. Because various species of these poisonous genera also have medicinal functions, extensive studies of these plants have led to the identification of many kinds of compound. This paper compiles 306 compounds from the eight poisonous genera, reported in 141 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zizhen Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Weirui Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Meng Xie
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Shengli Wei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Popescu R, Kopp B. The genus Rhododendron: an ethnopharmacological and toxicological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:42-62. [PMID: 23454683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The vast genus Rhododendron includes species that have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, pain, gastro-intestinal disorders, common cold, asthma, skin disease, etc. Rhododendrons are also well known for their toxicity and some species have been traditionally used as poison. AIM OF THE REVIEW The work reviews and analyses the traditional use, biological activities with the corresponding chemical constituents, and toxicological data on Rhododendron species. The review aims at characterizing the ethnopharmacology of the genus in relation to its toxicity in order to identify the therapeutic potential of Rhododendron species and future directions for research. METHODS Data regarding Rhododendron spp. was collected using electronic databases (SciFinder, PubMed, Google Scholar) and library search for selected peer-reviewed articles. Plant taxonomy was validated by the databases The Plant List, Tropicos, eFloras, Flora Iberica and Flora Europaea (RBGE). Additional information on traditional use and botany was obtained from published books. The review encompasses literature, mainly regarding biological activity and toxicological data, from 1898 to the end of December 2012. RESULTS Rhododendrons have been used in Asian, North American and European traditional medicine mainly against inflammation, pain, skin ailments, common cold and gastro-intestinal disorders. In vivo and in vitro testing of plant extracts and isolated compounds determined diverse biological activities including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, insecticidal and cytotoxic activity. Rhododendron spp. can cause intoxications in humans following intake of rhododendron honey or medicinal preparations. The toxicity is due to grayanotoxins, diterpenes which activate voltage-gated sodium channels and lead to gastro-intestinal, cardiac and central nervous system symptoms. CONCLUSION Rhododendron species are useful traditional remedies for the treatment of inflammation, pain, skin ailments, common cold and gastro-intestinal disorders. Pharmacological data has validated most indications of rhododendrons in ethnomedicine and toxicology studies have confirmed the toxicity observed by traditional use. Ethnopharmacological data point to the therapeutic potential of the genus Rhododendron for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and pain and, thus, research should focus on identification of active compounds and related mechanistic studies. Prolonged and high dose intake of traditional formulations containing rhododendrons should be avoided until more in depth toxicity studies become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Popescu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Flavonoid glycosides from the fruit of Rhus parviflora and inhibition of cyclin dependent kinases by hyperin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-012-2133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Qiang Y, Zhou B, Gao K. Chemical constituents of plants from the genus Rhododendron. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:792-815. [PMID: 21560229 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Kim MH, Nugroho A, Choi J, Park JH, Park HJ. Rhododendrin, an analgesic/anti-inflammatory arylbutanoid glycoside, from the leaves of Rhododendron aureum. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:971-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mangiferonic acid, 22-hydroxyhopan-3-one, and physcion as specific chemical markers for Alnus nepalensis. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2010.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Free radical scavenging and antielastase activities of flavonoids from the fruits of Thuja orientalis. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:275-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Revised: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Habtemariam S. Activity-guided Isolation and Identification of Antioxidant Components from Ethanolic Extract of Peltiphyllum Peltatum (Torr.) Engl. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-directed fractionation and isolation procedures were used to identify the antioxidant components of Peltiphyllum peltatum. Fresh leaves were extracted with ethanol and subsequently fractionated into light petroleum, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction, which showed the strongest antioxidant activity, was subjected to Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, followed by repetitive preparative TLC, to afford the major antioxidant principle, quercitrin, together with other antioxidants (isoquercitrin, catechin and gallate) as minor principles. The identities of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR and MS) and by direct comparison with authentic samples and literature values. Quercitrin displayed a potent protective effect of DNA from UV generated hydroxyl radical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Labs, Medway School of Science, the University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
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