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Moschetta M, Kawano Y, Sacco A, Belotti A, Ribolla R, Chiarini M, Giustini V, Bertoli D, Sottini A, Valotti M, Ghidini C, Serana F, Malagola M, Imberti L, Russo D, Montanelli A, Rossi G, Reagan MR, Maiso P, Paiva B, Ghobrial IM, Roccaro AM. Bone Marrow Stroma and Vascular Contributions to Myeloma Bone Homing. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2017; 15:499-506. [PMID: 28889371 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-017-0399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Herein we dissect mechanisms behind the dissemination of cancer cells from primary tumor site to the bone marrow, which are necessary for metastasis development, with a specific focus on multiple myeloma. RECENT FINDINGS The ability of tumor cells to invade vessels and reach the systemic circulation is a fundamental process for metastasis development; however, the interaction between clonal cells and the surrounding microenvironment is equally important for supporting colonization, survival, and growth in the secondary sites of dissemination. The intrinsic propensity of tumor cells to recognize a favorable milieu where to establish secondary growth is the basis of the "seed and soil" theory. This theory assumes that certain tumor cells (the "seeds") have a specific affinity for the milieu of certain organs (the "soil"). Recent literature has highlighted the important contributions of the vascular niche to the hospitable "soil" within the bone marrow. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of stromal cells and endothelial cells in supporting primary growth, homing, and metastasis to the bone marrow, in the context of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy with the unique propensity to primarily grow and metastasize to the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yawara Kawano
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, n.1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angelo Belotti
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rossella Ribolla
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Viviana Giustini
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Diego Bertoli
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sottini
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Valotti
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Ghidini
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federico Serana
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Malagola
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Montanelli
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, University of Maine, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Patricia Maiso
- Clinical and Translational Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bruno Paiva
- Clinical and Translational Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, n.1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
- CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Kim CK, Han DH, Ji YS, Lee MS, Min CW, Park SK, Kim SH, Yun J, Kim HJ, Kim KH, Lee KT, Won JH, Hong DS, Kim HK. Biomarkers of angiogenesis as prognostic factors in myelodysplastic syndrome patients treated with hypomethylating agents. Leuk Res 2016; 50:21-28. [PMID: 27639703 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis occurs in response to tissue ischemia and wound healing, and contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, such as benign and malignant neoplasia. Several studies have measured bone marrow microvessel density (MVD) in MDS patients and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients transformed from MDS, and MVD was higher in MDS patients than controls, but was lower than in AML patients. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in bone marrow blast cells, and an autocrine VEGF signaling mechanism has been established in MDS. Increased bone marrow angiogenesis and VEGF concentrations are adverse prognostic features in all of these patients. In this study, 69 patients were treated in two groups: hypomethylating agents or supportive care with oxymetholone±pyridoxine. We evaluated the MVD and VEGF expression of paraffin-embedded bone marrow samples from patients. We also investigated the relationship between angiogenesis-related biomarkers including MVD, VEGF expression, and clinical factors. The patient median age was 65 years, and the median follow-up duration was 28 months. MVD assessment among subtypes of WHO MDS classification showed that the MVD of RCUD was significantly lower than in other types (p=0.02). However, there was no significant difference in VEGF expression according to the subtype of MDS. Although MVD and VEGF expression did not differ between risk groups based on the IPSS, the low risk group tended to have lower expression of angiogenesis-related biomarkers. MDS patients receiving hypomethylating agents had significantly lower MVD expression in responders than in non-responders (6.13±3.38 vs. 9.89±2.10, respectively, p=0.039). In a consecutive evaluation at the time of diagnosis and 3 months after the initial treatment, the group with a decrease or no change of MVD had a higher response rate compared to that in the group with an increase of MVD (92.9% vs. 58.8%, respectively, p=0.045). Adverse prognostic factors included older age, MDS type other than RCUD, a higher IPSS risk group, and abnormal cytogenetics. Although angiogenesis-related markers did not demonstrate any significant prognostic association with survival, MVD (≥10n/mm2) and a strong expression of VEGF seemed to be associated with lower survival rate. These data suggested that the MVD value might be helpful in predicting responsiveness to treatment, especially in MDS patients treated with hypomethylating agents. Although angiogenesis-related markers including VEGF did not demonstrate a significant association with survival outcomes, we observed that high MVD and strong VEGF expression seemed to be associated with lower survival rate. Therefore, biologic markers related to angiogenesis might have a potential as prognostic factors for MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Kyu Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Han
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Young Seok Ji
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Min Sung Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Chang Wook Min
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea.
| | - Se Hyung Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Jina Yun
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jeung Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ha Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401, South Korea
| | - Kyu Taek Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 23-20 Byeongmyeong-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31151, South Korea
| | - Jong Ho Won
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Hong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, South Korea
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Huang J, Chu Z, Chen L, Wang Y, Zhang L, Hu Y, Sun C. [Effect of shRNA-mediated silencing of BDNF gene on VEGF expression of RPMI8226 cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:403-7. [PMID: 26031528 PMCID: PMC7342587 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of human multiple myeloma (MM) cell line RPMI8226 regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and preliminarily approach the close relationship between BDNF and angiogenesis of MM. METHODS The recombinant eukaryotic BDNF siRNA expression vector was designed and constructed. The empty vector pGenesil-1, and the recombinant plasmid, pGenesil-shRNA-BDNF were transfected into RPMI8226 cells using Lipofectamine™ 2000 (groups P0 and P1, respectively). BDNF mRNA and protein level in RPMI8226 cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively; the cellular proliferation activity was determined by MTT assay, while the cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry; the variation of VEGF mRNA level in RPMI8226 cells via transfection was determined by RT-PCR, the secretion of VEGF was detected by ELISA. RESULTS (1)The recombinant eukaryotic BDNF siRNA expression vectors were successfully constructed. BDNF mRNA expression and protein level in P1 group were significantly inhibited compared to those in non-transfected group (Pn) and P0 groups (P<0.05); (2)MTT tests demonstrated that the cellular proliferation activities were obviously decreased in Pn (0.42 ± 0.06) vs P0 (0.56 ± 0.06) and P1 (0.50 ± 0.04) groups (P<0.05); (3)The early cell apoptosis rates were statistically increased in P1 [(53.84 ± 9.95)%] vs Pn [(5.23 ± 2.46)%] and P0 [(9.10 ± 3.46)%] groups (P<0.01); (4)The silence of endogenous BDNF significantly decreased the expression of VEGF in RPMI8226 cells:the relative expression level of VEGF121, VEGF145 and VEGF165 in P1 group were (0.62 ± 0.07), (0.47 ± 0.09) and (0.57 ± 0.02) folds compared to Pn group (P<0.05); (5)ELISA demonstrated that secretion of VEGF in P1 group were (0.36 ± 0.05) and (0.44 ± 0.06) folds compared to Pn and P0 group, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION BDNF gene silence can obviously increase apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells, inhibit their proliferation and decrease the expression of VEGF. BDNF might mediate the expression of VEGF in MM cells, which may be involved in MM angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhangbo Chu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yadan Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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What role for angiogenesis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia? Adv Hematol 2011; 2011:274628. [PMID: 22110504 PMCID: PMC3216383 DOI: 10.1155/2011/274628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in acute leukaemia has been discussed since the cloning of the gene of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the acute myelogenous leukemia cell line (HL60) and, thereafter, when the first studies reported increased bone marrow vascularity and elevation of angiogenic cytokines in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are the major proangiogenic cytokines that have been studied, and evaluation of their prognostic impact in childhood ALL has been reported in several studies, though with controversial results. The antiangiogenic response, contributing to the angiogenic balance, has scarcely been reported. The origin of the factors, their prognostic value, and their relevance as good markers of what really happens in the bone marrow are discussed in this paper. The place of antiangiogenic drugs in ALL has to be defined in the global treatment strategy.
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Sun C, Hu Y, Chu Z, Huang J, Zhang L. The effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on angiogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 29:139-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-009-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Mirshahi P, Rafii A, Vincent L, Berthaut A, Varin R, Kalantar G, Marzac C, Calandini OA, Marie JP, Soria C, Soria J, Mirshahi M. Vasculogenic mimicry of acute leukemic bone marrow stromal cells. Leukemia 2009; 23:1039-48. [PMID: 19340002 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is thought to be involved in the development of acute leukemia (AL). We investigated whether bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) derived from stem cells might be responsible for the increase in microvascular density (MVD), and compared 13 bone marrow samples from AL patients with 23 samples from patients in complete remission (controls). We demonstrated that AL-derived BMSC secreted more insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and SDF-1alpha than controls. In addition, in contrast to normal adherent BMSCs, adherent BMSCs derived from CD133+/CD34+ stem cells from AL patients were able to form capillary-like structures ('vasculogenic mimicry') on Matrigel. The increase in vasculogenic mimicry occurred through PI3 kinase and rho GTPase pathway as inhibitors of these signaling pathways (wortmannin and GGTI-298, respectively) were able to reduce or prevent capillary tube formation. In normal BMSC, addition of exogenous IGF-1 generated capillary-like tubes through the same pathway as observed spontaneously in AL-derived BMSC. The involvement of IGF-1 in the mimicry process was confirmed by the addition of a neutralizing antibody against IGF-1R or a IGF-1R pathway inhibitor (picropodophyllin). In conclusion, AL-derived BMSC present functional abnormalities that may explain the increase in MVD in the bone marrow of AL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mirshahi
- Department of Onco Haematology, UMRS 872, CNRS, E 18, INSERM, Université Paris VI, Paris, France.
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Dong X, Han ZC, Yang R. Angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy in hematologic malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2006; 62:105-18. [PMID: 17188504 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the generation of new blood capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, is tightly regulated in the adult organism. Although many of the initial studies were performed on solid tumors, increasing evidence indicates that angiogenesis also plays an important role in hematologic malignancies. Overexpression of angiogenic factors in particular VEGF and bFGF in most hematologic malignancies may explain the increased angiogenesis found in these malignancies and correlate with poor prognosis as well as decreased overall survival. In this review, we focus on the current literature of angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy in hematologic malignancies, and finally describe advances and potential challenges in antiangiogenic treatment in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, PR China
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Cong XL, Li B, Yang RC, Feng SZ, Chen SJ, Han ZC. Enhanced growth suppression of Philadephia1 leukemia cells by targeting bcr3/abl2 and VEGF through antisense strategy. Leukemia 2005; 19:1517-24. [PMID: 16034468 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An antisense strategy by targeting both bcr3/abl2 and VEGF was designed to suppress the growth of Philadephia1 leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo in mice. In vitro, although bcr3/abl2 or VEGF antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODNs) alone was able to inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells, the combination of bcr3/abl2 and VEGF AS-ODNs produced an additive inhibitory effect on the growth of K562 cells and significantly enhanced the sensibility of K562 cells to apoptosis-inducing stimuli including STI571. In vivo, the nude mice xenografted with K562 cells received intratumoral injections of bcr3/abl2 and VEGF AS-ODNs showed a significant reduction in leukemia tumor size and microvessel density and an increase of apoptosis in the tumors when compared to the mice that received an individual agent. These results demonstrate that targeting both bcr3/abl2 and VEGF can result in an additive tumor-suppressive action and may represent an excellent strategy to augment the efficacy of chemotherapy in CML.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/drug effects
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/drug effects
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering & Technology, Tianjin, China
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Yamaguchi N, Ito Y, Ohyashiki K. Increased intracellular activity of matrix metalloproteinases in neutrophils may be associated with delayed healing of infection without neutropenia in myelodysplastic syndromes. Ann Hematol 2005; 84:383-8. [PMID: 15711801 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-004-0965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2004] [Accepted: 10/04/2004] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of the intracellular activity of type II and type IV collagenases [matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9] in neutrophils from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), we tried to measure intracellular activity using flow cytometric techniques. We also studied the clinical features of patients showing high activity. The intracellular collagenase activity, expressed as a ratio to the standardized fluorescence intensity, in patients with MDS was significantly higher than normal volunteers (19.5+/-14.8 vs 13.3+/-6.8, p=0.024). The difference among subcategories of MDS according to the French-American-British (FAB) and WHO classifications was not significant. No significant influence of three variables of the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) was seen on activity. Of 8 patients with activity of more than 26.9 (mean+2 standard deviations of normal controls), 5 experienced an episode of delayed healing of infection without neutropenia, while 1 of 43 patients with activity of less than 26.9 experienced such an episode (p=0.0002). The average collagenase activity of six patients with delayed healing of infection without neutropenia (44.7+/-28.9) was significantly higher than that of other MDS patients (16.0+/-7.1, p=0.005) (Fig. 4). It was also significantly higher than the activity of the control group (13.3+/-6.8, p=0.011). Our report suggests that increased collagenase activity in neutrophils may delay healing of infection. In addition, we suggest that increased collagenase activity may be an independent prognostic factor for the susceptibility to severe infection in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Yamaguchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1-Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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10
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Giles FJ, Vose JM, Do KA, Johnson MM, Manshouri T, Bociek G, Bierman PJ, O'Brien SM, Kantarjian HM, Armitage JO, Albitar M. Clinical relevance of circulating angiogenic factors in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leuk Res 2004; 28:595-604. [PMID: 15120936 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2003.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2003] [Accepted: 11/12/2003] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and angiogenin are important angiogenic factors. In 65 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), pre-treatment VEGF, bFGF, and HGF levels were significantly elevated compared to normal individuals, while angiogenin levels were significantly subnormal. In 37 patients with Hodgkin's disease, pre-treatment levels of VEGF and HGF were significantly elevated, bFGF levels were normal, and angiogenin levels were significantly subnormal. In patients with NHL, post-therapy levels of angiogenin were independently predictive of survival. Both pre-therapy and post-therapy VEGF levels were independently predictive of survival in patients with HD.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Female
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/blood
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/blood
- Hodgkin Disease/blood
- Hodgkin Disease/pathology
- Hodgkin Disease/therapy
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Follicular/blood
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/blood
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/blood
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/blood
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/blood
- Survival Rate
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Giles
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, PO Box 428, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review tumor angiogenesis, identify potential targets for anti-angiogenic cancer therapy, and highlight certain anti-angiogenic agents in clinical trials. DATA SOURCE Research articles, abstracts, review articles, and book chapters. CONCLUSION Tumor angiogenesis is a complex, multistep process that provides a target for antineoplastic therapy whereby tumor neovasculature is interrupted at various steps in the angiogenic process. Clinical trials are investigating the application and efficacy of anti-angiogenic agents. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Oncology nurses must continually increase their knowledge with the onset of newer, targeted agents. This will provide a background for educating and caring for the patient who is receiving anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Muehlbauer
- Clinical Center Nursing Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Liu P, Han ZC. Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and other hematologic malignancies with arsenic trioxide: review of clinical and basic studies. Int J Hematol 2003; 78:32-9. [PMID: 12894848 DOI: 10.1007/bf02983237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is now the most potentially curable subtype of acute myeloid leukemia in adults because of the introduction of novel approaches in the management of this disease. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-based therapy is now the first-choice treatment of patients presenting with de novo APL, and clinical studies have shown that nearly all patients who receive ATRA therapy achieve complete remission. However, approximately 20% to 30% of APL patients eventually have relapses with resistance to further ATRA treatment. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3 [ATO]) has been established as highly effective therapy for patients with APL, even for those with disease refractory to ATRA. Furthermore, results of recent studies have suggested a broad therapeutic potential for ATO in the treatment of hematologic malignancies beyond APL. In this review, we discuss the clinical activity and multiple mechanisms of ATO therapy in the management of APL and other hematologic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Liu JM, Lawrence F, Kovacevic M, Bignon J, Papadimitriou E, Lallemand JY, Katsoris P, Potier P, Fromes Y, Wdzieczak-Bakala J. The tetrapeptide AcSDKP, an inhibitor of primitive hematopoietic cell proliferation, induces angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Blood 2003; 101:3014-20. [PMID: 12480715 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-07-2315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tetrapeptide acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (AcSDKP), purified from bone marrow and constitutively synthesized in vivo, belongs to the family of negative regulators of hematopoiesis. It protects the stem cell compartment from the toxicity of anticancer drugs and irradiation and consequently contributes to a reduction in marrow failure. This current work provides experimental evidence for another novel biologic function of AcSDKP. We report that AcSDKP is a mediator of angiogenesis, as measured by its ability to modulate endothelial cell function in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. AcSDKP at nanomolar concentrations stimulates in vitro endothelial cell migration and differentiation into capillary-like structures on Matrigel as well as enhances the secretion of an active form of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). In vivo, AcSDKP promotes a significant angiogenic response in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and in the abdominal muscle of the rat. Moreover, it induces the formation of blood vessels in Matrigel plugs implanted subcutaneously in the rat. This is the first report demonstrating the ability of AcSDKP to interact directly with endothelial cells and to elicit an angiogenic response in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Miao Liu
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Simopoulos C, Anninos P, Polychronidis A, Kotini A, Adamopoulos A, Tamiolakis D. Pre- and postsurgical biomagnetic activity in malt-type gastric lesions. A case report. Acta Radiol 2003. [PMID: 12694099 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0455.2003.00047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the biomagnetic activity of a low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-) type gastric lymphoma, and to determine if this procedure could be an adjunct to endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the assessment of the disease pre- and postsurgically. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 47-year-old female with a 2-year clinical history of a low-grade MALT-type gastric lymphoma associated with Helicobacter pylori was examined. The disease showed no histologic remission after eradication of the H. pylori infection and subsequent treatment with chemotherapy and the patient was classified as stage II EA. A decision for surgical resection was made. Biomagnetic waveform recordings were made in the target area before and after surgery and the Fourier analysis of these recordings was performed. RESULTS The gastric lymphoma biomagnetic waveforms showed high amplitudes (1.8 pT) before and low amplitudes (0.6 pT) after resection. The corresponding Fourier analysis demonstrated that the maximum spectral power of the presurgical measurement was elevated (mean 235 +/- 847 pT2/Hz) compared with that obtained postsurgically (mean 725 +/- 89 pT2/Hz). The difference was of statistical significance ( p < 0.0001, t-test). CONCLUSION Biomagnetic monitoring of gastric lymphoma, which is an entirely new diagnostic modality, could be a supplement to EUS for assessing remission or persistence of disease with medical treatment during follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Simopoulos
- Department of Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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