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Soliman MY, Medema G, Bonilla BE, Brouns SJ, van Halem D. Inactivation of RNA and DNA viruses in water by copper and silver ions and their synergistic effect. WATER RESEARCH X 2020; 9:100077. [PMID: 33225254 PMCID: PMC7663217 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cu and Ag have been used as bactericidal agents since ancient times, yet their antiviral capacity in water remains poorly understood. This study tested the effect of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) on model RNA and DNA viruses MS2 and PhiX 174 in solution at pH 6-8. Cu caused MS2 inactivation with similar rates at pH 6 and 7 but was inert towards PhiX 174 regardless of pH. Ag inactivated both viruses, causing denaturation of MS2 and loss of capsid spikes in PhiX 174. Ag inactivation rates were pH dependent and increased with increasing pH. At pH 8, 6.5 logs of PhiX were inactivated after 3 h and 3 logs of MS2 after only 10 min. The combined use of Cu and Ag revealed synergy in disinfecting MS2 at pH ≥ 7. Although metal concentrations used were higher than the desired values for drinking water treatment, the results prove a promising potential of Cu and Ag combinations as efficient viricidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Y.M. Soliman
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628, CN Delft, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author.
| | - Gertjan Medema
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628, CN Delft, the Netherlands
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Boris Estrada Bonilla
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ Delft, the Netherlands
- Fagenbank, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Stan J.J. Brouns
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ Delft, the Netherlands
- Fagenbank, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Doris van Halem
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628, CN Delft, the Netherlands
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Saha U, Palmajumder E, Mukherjea KK. Synthesis, structure, DNA binding studies and nuclease activities of two luminescent neodymium complexes. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1218483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Shen H, Xia J, Yang H, Luo Y. Hydrolysis of oligodeoxynucleotide phosphodiester linkages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02879534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Lanthanide ions are remarkably effective catalysts for the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphate ester bonds, including the robust bonds of DNA. This makes Ln(III) and Ce(IV) ions attractive candidates for developing selective and efficient artificial nucleases, which could have many biochemical and clinical applications. Both small-molecule-based and biopolymer-based lanthanide complexes are being pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Franklin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
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