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García A, Torres-Ruiz S, Vila L, Villarroel-Vicente C, Bernabeu Á, Eroles P, Cabedo N, Cortes D. Synthesis of 2-aminopropyl benzopyran derivatives as potential agents against triple-negative breast cancer. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2327-2341. [PMID: 38020071 PMCID: PMC10650959 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00385j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of three series of 2-aminopropyl derivatives containing a benzopyran nucleus was performed to evaluate their performance against triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436) and normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A). For the three series, the cytotoxic activity was as follows: N-methylated derivatives (tertiary amines) 5b, 6b, and 7b > secondary amine benzopyrans 5, 6, and 7 > quaternary amine salts 5c, 6c, and 7c > free phenolic derivatives 5a, 6a, and 7a. The structure-activity relationship showed the importance of the presence of an amine group and a p-fluorobenzyloxy substituent in the chromanol ring (IC50 values from 1.5 μM to 58.4 μM). In addition, 5a, 5b, 6a, and 7b displayed slight selectivity towards tumor cells. Compounds 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a, 6c, 7, and 7b showed apoptotic/necrotic effects due to, at least in part, an increase in reactive oxygen species generation, whereas 5b, 5c, 6b, 7a, and 7c caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Further cell-based mechanistic studies revealed that 5a, 6a, and 7b, which were the most promising compounds, downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, while 5b downregulated the expression of cyclins CCND1 and CCND2. Therefore, 2-aminopropyl benzopyran derivatives emerge as new hits and potential leads for developing useful agents against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa García
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia 46100 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - Sandra Torres-Ruiz
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - Laura Vila
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - Carlos Villarroel-Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia 46100 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - Álvaro Bernabeu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia 46100 Valencia Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cancer (CIBERONC) 28019 Madrid Spain
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia 46100 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia 46100 Valencia Spain
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2
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Abdelrahman KS, Hassan HA, Abdel-Aziz SA, Marzouk AA, Shams R, Osawa K, Abdel-Aziz M, Konno H. Development and Assessment of 1,5-Diarylpyrazole/Oxime Hybrids Targeting EGFR and JNK-2 as Antiproliferative Agents: A Comprehensive Study through Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Evaluation. Molecules 2023; 28:6521. [PMID: 37764297 PMCID: PMC10537604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New 1,5-diarylpyrazole oxime hybrid derivatives (scaffolds A and B) were designed, synthesized, and then their purity was verified using a variety of spectroscopic methods. A panel of five cancer cell lines known to express EGFR and JNK-2, including human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line DLD-1, human cervical cancer cell line Hela, human leukemia cell line K562, human pancreatic cell line SUIT-2, and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2, were used to biologically evaluate for their in vitro cytotoxicity for all the synthesized compounds 7a-j, 8a-j, 9a-c, and 10a-c. The oxime containing compounds 8a-j and 10a-c were more active as antiproliferative agents than their non-oxime congeners 7a-j and 9a-c. Compounds 8d, 8g, 8i, and 10c inhibited EGFR with IC50 values ranging from 8 to 21 µM when compared with sorafenib. Compound 8i inhibited JNK-2 as effectively as sorafenib, with an IC50 of 1.0 µM. Furthermore, compound 8g showed cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in the cell cycle analysis of the Hela cell line, whereas compound 8i showed combined S phase and G2 phase arrest. According to docking studies, oxime hybrid compounds 8d, 8g, 8i, and 10c exhibited binding free energies ranging from -12.98 to 32.30 kcal/mol at the EGFR binding site whereas compounds 8d and 8i had binding free energies ranging from -9.16 to -12.00 kcal/mol at the JNK-2 binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal S. Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (S.A.A.-A.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Heba A. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (H.A.H.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Salah A. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (S.A.A.-A.); (A.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61768, Egypt
| | - Adel A. Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (S.A.A.-A.); (A.A.M.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Missippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Raef Shams
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Keima Osawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (H.A.H.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
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Sajjan VP, Anigol LB, Gurubasavaraj PM, Kotresha D, Pradhan S, Venkatesh S, Patil D. Synthesis, characterization and molecular docking studies of phenoxyimine based ligands: Cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity and antioxidant assessment. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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A Small Molecule That Promotes Cellular Senescence Prevents Fibrogenesis and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126852. [PMID: 35743290 PMCID: PMC9224374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled proliferative diseases, such as fibrosis or cancer, can be fatal. We previously found that a compound containing the chromone scaffold (CS), ONG41008, had potent antifibrogenic effects associated with EMT or cell-cycle control resembling tumorigenesis. We investigated the effects of ONG41008 on tumor cells and compared these effects with those in pathogenic myofibroblasts. Stimulation of A549 (lung carcinoma epithelial cells) or PANC1 (pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells) with ONG41008 resulted in robust cellular senescence, indicating that dysregulated cell proliferation is common to fibrotic cells and tumor cells. The senescence was followed by multinucleation, a manifestation of mitotic slippage. There was significant upregulation of expression and rapid nuclear translocation of p-TP53 and p16 in the treated cancer cells, which thereafter died after 72 h confirmed by 6 day live imaging. ONG41008 exhibited a comparable senogenic potential to that of dasatinib. Interestingly, ONG41008 was only able to activate caspase-3, 7 in comparison with quercetin and fisetin, also containing CS in PANC1. ONG41008 did not seem to be essentially toxic to normal human lung fibroblasts or primary prostate epithelial cells, suggesting ONG41008 can distinguish the intracellular microenvironment between normal cells and aged or diseased cells. This effect might occur as a result of the increased NAD/NADH ratio, because ONG41008 restored this important metabolic ratio in cancer cells. Taken together, this is the first study to demonstrate that a small molecule can arrest uncontrolled proliferation during fibrogenesis or tumorigenesis via both senogenic and senolytic potential. ONG41008 could be a potential drug for a broad range of fibrotic or tumorigenic diseases.
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Faidallah HM, Sobahi TR, Alharbi AS, El-Avia KM. Multi-Step Synthesis of Biologically Active Novel N-Benzyl-3,5-Bis(Arylidene)-Piperidin-4-Ones and Some Derived Bicyclic and Tricyclic Ring Systems as Macromolecules. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1781211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M. Faidallah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq R. Sobahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S. Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M. El-Avia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Khalid Anwer M, Fatima F, Muqtader Ahmed M, Aldawsari MF, Ali A, Abul Kalam M, Alshamsan A, Alkholief M, Malik A, AZ A, Al-shdefat R. Abemaciclib-loaded ethylcellulose based nanosponges for sustained cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells lines. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:726-734. [PMID: 35812154 PMCID: PMC9257851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abemaciclib (AC) is a novel, orally available drug molecule approved for the treatment of breast cancer. Due to its low bioavailability, its administration frequency is two to three times a day that can decrease patient compliance. Sustained release formulation are needed for prolong the action and to reduce the adverse effects. The aim of current study was to develop sustained release NSs of AC. Nanosponges (NSs) was prepared by emulsion-solvent diffusion method using ethyl-cellulose (EC) and Kolliphor P-188 (KP-188) as sustained-release polymer and surfactant, respectively. Effects of varying surfactant concentration and drug: polymer proportions on the particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ζP), entrapment efficiency (%EE), and drug loading (%DL) were investigated. The results of AC loaded NSs (ACN1-ACN5) exhibited PS (366.3–842.2 nm), PDI (0.448–0.853), ζP (−8.21 to −19.7 mV), %EE (48.45–79.36%) and %DL (7.69–19.17%), respectively. Moreover, ACN2 showed sustained release of Abemaciclib (77.12 ± 2.54%) in 24 h Higuchi matrix as best fit kinetics model. MTT assay signified ACN2 as potentials cytotoxic nanocarrier against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Further, ACN2 displayed drug release property without variation in the % release after exposing the product at 25 °C, 5 °C, and 45 °C storage conditions for six months. This investigation proved that the developed NSs would be an efficient carrier to sustain the release of AC in order to improve efficacy against breast cancer.
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Parvathareddy SK, Siraj AK, Masoodi T, Annaiyappanaidu P, Al-Badawi IA, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) predicts recurrence in Middle Eastern epithelial ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:69. [PMID: 34011401 PMCID: PMC8136118 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) has been shown to play an important role in tumorigenesis of several malignancies. However, the expression of CDK9 in ovarian cancer from Middle Eastern ethnicity remains unknown. Methods A tissue microarray of 441 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) samples was used to study the expression of CDK9 immunohistochemically and their clinico-pathological associations were determined. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis of recurrence-free survival. Results CDK9 over-expression was noted in 56.2 % (248/441) of EOCs and was associated with adverse clinico-pathological parameters such as distant metastasis (p < 0.0001), stage IV tumors (p < 0.0001), tumor recurrence (p = 0.0105) and high Ki-67 index (p < 0.0001). Importantly, CDK9 over-expression was an independent predictor of poor recurrence-free survival (Hazard ratio = 1.51; 95 % confidence interval = 1.15–1.98; p = 0.0030). We also found that CDK9 outperforms Ki-67 as a predictor of tumor recurrence in EOC. Conclusions Our results show that CDK9 expression correlates with markers of advanced disease in Middle Eastern EOC and is also a prognostic marker. CDK9 overexpression also identifies a subset of patients with highest likelihood of recurrence across the patient cohort. These patients may benefit from additional alternative therapies targeting CKD9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00827-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul K Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Padmanaban Annaiyappanaidu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Al-Badawi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, MBC#98 - 16, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Pyrazole[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives loaded into halloysite as potential CDK inhibitors. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120281. [PMID: 33524522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled cell proliferation is a hallmark of cancer as a result of rapid and deregulated progression through the cell cycle. The inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) activities is a promising therapeutic strategy to block cell cycle of tumor cells. In this work we reported a new example of nanocomposites based on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives (Si306 and Si113) as anticancer agents and CDK inhibitors. HNTs/Si306 and HNTs/Si113 nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized. The release kinetics were also investigated. Antitumoral activity was evaluated on three cancer cell lines (HeLa, MDA-MB-231 and HCT116) and the effects on cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells were evaluated. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed of the complexes between Si113 or Si306 and the active site of both CDK 1 and 2.
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9
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Dual VEGFR-2/PIM-1 kinase inhibition towards surmounting the resistance to antiangiogenic agents via hybrid pyridine and thienopyridine-based scaffolds: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Wang M, Wu Y, Xu C, Zhao R, Huang Y, Zeng X, Chen T. Design and Synthesis of 2-(5-Phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole Derivatives with Antiproliferative Effects towards Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Activation of ROS-Mediated Mitochondria Dysfunction. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2648-2655. [PMID: 31144429 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are widely studied because of their broad-spectrum biological activity, such as antitumor properties and excellent fluorescence performance. Herein, two types of 2-(5-phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole derivatives (1 a-1 h and 2 a-2 e) were rationally designed and synthesized. When these compounds were investigated in vitro anti-screening assays, we found that all of them possessed antitumor effect, in particular compound 1 b, which showed an outstanding antiproliferative effect on MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 ≈2.6 μm). A study of the drug action mechanisms in cells showed that the antitumor activity of the compounds is proportional to their lipophilicity and cellular uptake; the tested compounds all entered the lysosome of MDA-MB-231 cells and caused changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and then caused mitochondrial damage. Apparent differences in the ROS levels for each compound suggest that the lethality of these compounds towards MDA-MB-231 cells is closely related to the ROS levels. Taken together, this study not only provides a theoretical basis for 2-(5-phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole anticarcinogens but also offers new thinking on the rational design of next-generation antitumor benzimidazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yusheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cuifang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rucheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangchao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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11
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Kadioglu O, Saeed M, Kuete V, Greten HJ, Efferth T. Oridonin Targets Multiple Drug-Resistant Tumor Cells as Determined by in Silico and in Vitro Analyses. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:355. [PMID: 29713280 PMCID: PMC5911471 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the main reasons of chemotherapy failure. Therefore, overcoming drug resistance is an invaluable approach to identify novel anticancer drugs that have the potential to bypass or overcome resistance to established drugs and to substantially increase life span of cancer patients for effective chemotherapy. Oridonin is a cytotoxic diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens with in vivo anticancer activity. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of oridonin toward a panel of drug-resistant cancer cells overexpressing ABCB1, ABCG2, or ΔEGFR or with a knockout deletion of TP53. Interestingly, oridonin revealed lower degree of resistance than the control drug, doxorubicin. Molecular docking analyses pointed out that oridonin can interact with Akt/EGFR pathway proteins with comparable binding energies and similar docking poses as the known inhibitors. Molecular dynamics results validated the stable conformation of oridonin docking pose on Akt kinase domain. Western blot experiments clearly revealed dose-dependent downregulation of Akt and STAT3. Pharmacogenomics analyses pointed to a mRNA signature that predicted sensitivity and resistance to oridonin. In conclusion, oridonin bypasses major drug resistance mechanisms and targets Akt pathway and might be effective toward drug refractory tumors. The identification of oridonin-specific gene expressions may be useful for the development of personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onat Kadioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Henry J Greten
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Bhullar KS, Lagarón NO, McGowan EM, Parmar I, Jha A, Hubbard BP, Rupasinghe HPV. Kinase-targeted cancer therapies: progress, challenges and future directions. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:48. [PMID: 29455673 PMCID: PMC5817855 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 705] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human genome encodes 538 protein kinases that transfer a γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. Many of these kinases are associated with human cancer initiation and progression. The recent development of small-molecule kinase inhibitors for the treatment of diverse types of cancer has proven successful in clinical therapy. Significantly, protein kinases are the second most targeted group of drug targets, after the G-protein-coupled receptors. Since the development of the first protein kinase inhibitor, in the early 1980s, 37 kinase inhibitors have received FDA approval for treatment of malignancies such as breast and lung cancer. Furthermore, about 150 kinase-targeted drugs are in clinical phase trials, and many kinase-specific inhibitors are in the preclinical stage of drug development. Nevertheless, many factors confound the clinical efficacy of these molecules. Specific tumor genetics, tumor microenvironment, drug resistance, and pharmacogenomics determine how useful a compound will be in the treatment of a given cancer. This review provides an overview of kinase-targeted drug discovery and development in relation to oncology and highlights the challenges and future potential for kinase-targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushwant S Bhullar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Naiara Orrego Lagarón
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eileen M McGowan
- Chronic Disease Solutions Team, School of Life Science, University of Technology, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Indu Parmar
- Division of Product Development, Radient Technologies, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amitabh Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Basil P Hubbard
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Corona SP, Generali D. Abemaciclib: a CDK4/6 inhibitor for the treatment of HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:321-330. [PMID: 29497278 PMCID: PMC5818877 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s137783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although early breast cancer (BC) is highly curable, advanced or metastatic disease poses numerous challenges in terms of medical management and treatment decisions and is associated with significantly worse prognosis. Among the new targeted agents, anticancer drugs exploiting the cell-cycle machinery have shown great potential in preclinical studies. CDK4/6 inhibitors target the cyclin D/CDK/retinoblastoma signaling pathway, inducing cell-cycle arrest, reduced cell viability and tumor shrinking. As the cyclin D/CDK complex is activated downstream of estrogen signaling, the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with standard endocrine therapies represents a rational approach to elicit synergic antitumor activity in hormone receptor-positive BC. The results of clinical trials have indeed confirmed the superiority of the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapies over endocrine therapy alone. Currently approved are three compounds that exhibit similar structural characteristics as well as biological and clinical activities. Abemaciclib is the latest CDK4/6 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in view of the results of the MONARCH 1 and 2 trials. Further trials are ongoing as other important questions await response. In this review, we focus on abemaciclib to examine preclinical and clinical results, describing current therapeutic indications, open questions and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Paola Corona
- Radiation Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Bentleigh East, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Kocyigit UM, Budak Y, Gürdere MB, Ertürk F, Yencilek B, Taslimi P, Gülçin İ, Ceylan M. Synthesis of chalcone-imide derivatives and investigation of their anticancer and antimicrobial activities, carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes inhibition profiles. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:61-68. [PMID: 28792233 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1360914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The new 1-(4-(3-(aryl)acryloyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-diones (5a-g) were prepared from 4'-aminchalcones (3a-g) and screened for biological activities. All compounds (3a-g and 5a-g), except 3d and 3e displayed good cytotoxic activities with IC50 values in the range of 7.06-67.46 μM. IC50 value of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was 90.36 μM. Moreover, most of compounds 5a-g showed high antibacterial activity with 8-20 mm of inhibition zone (19-25 mm of Sulbactam-Cefoperazone (SCF)). In addition, they showed good inhibitory action against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human carbonic anhydrase I, and II (hCA I and hCA II) isoforms. Also, these compounds demonstrated effective inhibition profiles with Ki values of 426.47-699.58 nM against hCA I, 214.92-532.21 nM against hCA II, and 70.470-229.42 nM against AChE. On the other hand, acetazolamide, clinically used drug, showed a Ki value of 977.77 ± 227.4 nM against CA I, and 904.47 ± 106.3 nM against CA II, respectively. Also, tacrine inhibited AChE showed a Ki value of 446.56 ± 58.33 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yakup Budak
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Meliha Burcu Gürdere
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Fatih Ertürk
- c Vocational School, Occupational Health and Safety Programme , Istanbul Arel University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Belkız Yencilek
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- d Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- d Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ceylan
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
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15
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Qiao L, Liu X, Tang Y, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Feng Y. Down regulation of the long non-coding RNA PCAT-1 induced growth arrest and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Life Sci 2017; 188:37-44. [PMID: 28855110 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was reported to be involved in the progress of various cancers, however, its effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. The goal of the present study is to investigate the function role of lncRNA PCAT-1 in colorectal cancer. MAIN METHODS The expression of lncRNA PCAT-1 in four CRC cell lines was measured by real-time PCR, and two lncRNA PCAT-1 high expression cell lines were selected. LncRNA PCAT-1 in these two CRC cell lines was down-regulated by shRNA, and the stable transfected cells were established. Functional involvement of lncRNA PCAT-1 in proliferation and apoptosis of the two CRC cells were evaluated in vitro. Mover, the effect of lncRNA PCAT-1 in tumor proliferation was also evaluated in CRC cell xenograft. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that down-regulation of lncRNA PCAT-1 in CRC cells inhibited proliferation, blocked cell cycle transition, and suppressed the expression of cyclins and c-myc. The apoptosis cell proportion was elevated with increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and decreased anti-apoptotic proteins in lncRNA PCAT-1 knock down cells. Forced over-expression of c-myc in PCAT-1 down-regulated CRC cells increased the level of cyclins. The xenograft growth in lncRNA PCAT-1 down-regulated cells was significantly inhibited along with the reduced proliferative cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our study revealed a tumorigenic effect of lncRNA PCAT-1 in CRC cells, and this effect is partly dependent on the inhibition of c-myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichao Tang
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Colorectal and Hernia Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Liao R, Mizzen CA. Site-specific regulation of histone H1 phosphorylation in pluripotent cell differentiation. Epigenetics Chromatin 2017; 10:29. [PMID: 28539972 PMCID: PMC5440973 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-017-0135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural variation among histone H1 variants confers distinct modes of chromatin binding that are important for differential regulation of chromatin condensation, gene expression and other processes. Changes in the expression and genomic distributions of H1 variants during cell differentiation appear to contribute to phenotypic differences between cell types, but few details are known about the roles of individual H1 variants and the significance of their disparate capacities for phosphorylation. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of interphase phosphorylation at specific sites in individual H1 variants during the differentiation of pluripotent NT2 and mouse embryonic stem cells and characterized the kinases involved in regulating specific H1 variant phosphorylations in NT2 and HeLa cells. RESULTS Here, we show that the global levels of phosphorylation at H1.5-Ser18 (pS18-H1.5), H1.2/H1.5-Ser173 (pS173-H1.2/5) and H1.4-Ser187 (pS187-H1.4) are regulated differentially during pluripotent cell differentiation. Enrichment of pS187-H1.4 near the transcription start site of pluripotency factor genes in pluripotent cells is markedly reduced upon differentiation, whereas pS187-H1.4 levels at housekeeping genes are largely unaltered. Selective inhibition of CDK7 or CDK9 rapidly diminishes pS187-H1.4 levels globally and its enrichment at housekeeping genes, and similar responses were observed following depletion of CDK9. These data suggest that H1.4-S187 is a bona fide substrate for CDK9, a notion that is further supported by the significant colocalization of CDK9 and pS187-H1.4 to gene promoters in reciprocal re-ChIP analyses. Moreover, treating cells with actinomycin D to inhibit transcription and trigger the release of active CDK9/P-TEFb from 7SK snRNA complexes induces the accumulation of pS187-H1.4 at promoters and gene bodies. Notably, the levels of pS187-H1.4 enrichment after actinomycin D treatment or cell differentiation reflect the extent of CDK9 recruitment at the same loci. Remarkably, the global levels of H1.5-S18 and H1.2/H1.5-S173 phosphorylation are not affected by these transcription inhibitor treatments, and selective inhibition of CDK2 does not affect the global levels of phosphorylation at H1.4-S187 or H1.5-S18. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide strong evidence that H1 variant interphase phosphorylation is dynamically regulated in a site-specific and gene-specific fashion during pluripotent cell differentiation, and that enrichment of pS187-H1.4 at genes is positively related to their transcription. H1.4-S187 is likely to be a direct target of CDK9 during interphase, suggesting the possibility that this particular phosphorylation may contribute to the release of paused RNA pol II. In contrast, the other H1 variant phosphorylations we investigated appear to be mediated by distinct kinases and further analyses are needed to determine their functional significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, B107 Chemistry and Life Sciences Building, MC-123 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Craig A Mizzen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, B107 Chemistry and Life Sciences Building, MC-123 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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17
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Kretz AL, Schaum M, Richter J, Kitzig EF, Engler CC, Leithäuser F, Henne-Bruns D, Knippschild U, Lemke J. CDK9 is a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317694304. [PMID: 28231737 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317694304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and therapy, prognosis of pancreatic cancer still remains very poor. Besides valid prognostic markers, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. The family of cyclin-dependent kinases comprises 20 kinases which contribute to malignancy by promoting proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptotic resistance of cancer cells. In this work, we investigated the role of CDK9 in pancreatic cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of CDK9 expression in tumor and normal tissue of pancreatic cancer patients revealed an overexpression of CDK9 in pancreatic cancer tissue. In addition, high CDK9 expression in tumor tissue is associated with significantly shortened survival, especially in well-differentiated tumors. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of selective CDK9 inhibition on pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated by analysis of cell viability, long-term survival, and induction of apoptosis and characterized by western blotting and flow cytometry. Pharmacological CDK9 inhibition by SNS-032 drastically reduced cell viability in pancreatic cancer cells and potently suppressed long-term survival. Analyzing the mechanism of action revealed that CDK9 inhibition induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a time-dependent manner by suppression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, CDK9 inhibition potently enhances the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutics in pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, we identified CDK9 as a negative prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, pharmacological CDK9 inhibition is a novel and promising therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Laura Kretz
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Monika Schaum
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ella F Kitzig
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine C Engler
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- 2 Department of Pathology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Lemke
- 1 Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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18
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Corona SP, Ravelli A, Cretella D, Cappelletti MR, Zanotti L, Dester M, Gobbi A, Petronini PG, Generali D. CDK4/6 inhibitors in HER2-positive breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 112:208-214. [PMID: 28325261 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Notwithstanding the continuous progress made in cancer treatment in the last 20 years, and the availability of new targeted therapies, metastatic Breast Cancer (BC) is still incurable. Targeting the cell cycle machinery has emerged as an attractive strategy to tackle cancer progression, showing very promising results in the preclinical and clinical settings. The first selective inhibitors of CDK4/6 received breakthrough status and FDA approval in combination with letrozole (February 2015) and fulvestrant (February 2016) as first-line therapy in ER-positive advanced and metastatic BC. Considering the success of this family of compounds in hormone-positive BC, new possible applications are being investigated in other molecular subtypes. This review summarizes the latest findings on the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in HER2 positive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Paola Corona
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Radiation Oncology Department, Moorabbin Campus, East Bentleigh Victoria 3165, Australia.
| | - Andrea Ravelli
- Universita degli Studi di Parma, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Oncology Unit, Via Gramsci, 14, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Cretella
- Universita degli Studi di Parma, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Experimental Oncology Unit, Via Gramsci, 14, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Cappelletti
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy
| | - Laura Zanotti
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy
| | - Martina Dester
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy
| | - Angela Gobbi
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Petronini
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy
| | - Daniele Generali
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona, U.O. Multidisciplinare di Patologia Mammaria, U.S. Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica, Cremona, Italy; Universita degli Studi di Trieste, Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
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19
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Abstract
Mutations in cancer cells frequently result in cell cycle alterations that lead to unrestricted growth compared to normal cells. Considering this phenomenon, many drugs have been developed to inhibit different cell-cycle phases. Mitotic phase targeting disturbs mitosis in tumor cells, triggers the spindle assembly checkpoint and frequently results in cell death. The first anti-mitotics to enter clinical trials aimed to target tubulin. Although these drugs improved the treatment of certain cancers, and many anti-microtubule compounds are already approved for clinical use, severe adverse events such as neuropathies were observed. Since then, efforts have been focused on the development of drugs that also target kinases, motor proteins and multi-protein complexes involved in mitosis. In this review, we summarize the major proteins involved in the mitotic phase that can also be targeted for cancer treatment. Finally, we address the activity of anti-mitotic drugs tested in clinical trials in recent years.
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20
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Pillai RR, Menon VV, Mary YS, Armaković S, Armaković SJ, Panicker CY. Vibrational spectroscopic investigations, molecular dynamic simulations and molecular docking studies of N′-diphenylmethylidene-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Halcrow PW, Dancer M, Panteah M, Walden C, Ohm JE. Molecular Changes Associated With Tumor Initiation and Progression of Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Targeting the Genome and Epigenome. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 144:323-380. [PMID: 27865462 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are rare, but generally aggressive tumors which disproportionately affect children and young adults. They represent less than 10% of all cancers, but are one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in pediatric patients. These cancers have a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and their overall incidence has been increasing at an estimated rate of 26% over the last 2 decades. The cause of this increased incidence is unknown but various environmental factors have been implicated. Establishing standard therapeutic strategies is challenging for soft tissue sarcomas as more than 50 different histological subtypes exist, each with their own molecular alterations and clinical characteristics, and this combination of tumor heterogeneity and a limited number of clinical cases make detailed omics level molecular studies particularly challenging. This chapter will focus on the unique genetic and epigenetic changes which characterize these cancers, with an emphasis on translocation-associated sarcomas involving primary gene fusions with the RNA chaperone protein EWSR1. We will highlight current therapeutic approaches and discuss opportunities for targeted molecular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Halcrow
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - M Dancer
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - M Panteah
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - C Walden
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - J E Ohm
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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22
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Efficacy of CDK4 inhibition against sarcomas depends on their levels of CDK4 and p16ink4 mRNA. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40557-74. [PMID: 26528855 PMCID: PMC4747352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are malignant tumors accounting for a high percentage of cancer morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. Surgery and radiation therapy are the accepted treatments for most sarcomas; however, patients with metastatic disease are treated with systemic chemotherapy. Many tumors display marginal levels of chemoresponsiveness and new treatment approaches are needed. Deregulation of the G1 checkpoint is crucial for various oncogenic transformation processes, suggesting that many cancer cell types depend on CDK4/6 activity. Thus, CDK4/6 activity appears to represent a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In the present work, we explore the efficacy of CDK4 inhibition using palbociclib (PD0332991), a highly selective inhibitor of CDK4/6, in a panel of sarcoma cell lines and sarcoma tumor xenografts (PDXs). Palbociclib induces senescence in these cell lines and the responsiveness of these cell lines correlated with their levels of CDK4 mRNA. Palbociclib is also active in vivo against sarcomas displaying high levels of CDK4 but not against sarcomas displaying low levels of CDK4 and high levels of p16ink4a. The analysis of tumors growing after palbociclib showed a clear decrease in the CDK4 levels, indicating that clonal selection occurred in these treated tumors. In summary, our data support the efficacy of CDK4 inhibitors against sarcomas displaying increased CDK4 levels, particularly fibrosarcomas and MPNST. Our results also suggest that high levels of p16ink4a may indicate poor efficacy of CDK4 inhibitors.
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23
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Clancy A, Spaans J, Weberpals J. The forgotten woman's cancer: vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and a targeted approach to therapy. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1696-705. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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24
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Synthesis and anticancer activities of 1,4-phenylene-bis-N-acetyl- and N-phenylpyrazoline derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Sadik H, Korangath P, Nguyen NK, Gyorffy B, Kumar R, Hedayati M, Teo WW, Park S, Panday H, Munoz TG, Menyhart O, Shah N, Pandita RK, Chang JC, DeWeese T, Chang HY, Pandita TK, Sukumar S. HOXC10 Expression Supports the Development of Chemotherapy Resistance by Fine Tuning DNA Repair in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4443-56. [PMID: 27302171 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of drug resistance is a major factor limiting the continued success of cancer chemotherapy. To overcome drug resistance, understanding the underlying mechanism(s) is essential. We found that HOXC10 is overexpressed in primary carcinomas of the breast, and even more significantly in distant metastasis arising after failed chemotherapy. High HOXC10 expression correlates with shorter recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. We found that HOXC10 promotes survival in cells treated with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, or carboplatin by suppressing apoptosis and upregulating NF-κB Overexpressed HOXC10 increases S-phase-specific DNA damage repair by homologous recombination (HR) and checkpoint recovery in cells at three important phases. For double-strand break repair, HOXC10 recruits HR proteins at sites of DNA damage. It enhances resection and lastly, it resolves stalled replication forks, leading to initiation of DNA replication following DNA damage. We show that HOXC10 facilitates, but is not directly involved in DNA damage repair mediated by HR. HOXC10 achieves integration of these functions by binding to, and activating cyclin-dependent kinase, CDK7, which regulates transcription by phosphorylating the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Consistent with these findings, inhibitors of CDK7 reverse HOXC10-mediated drug resistance in cultured cells. Blocking HOXC10 function, therefore, presents a promising new strategy to overcome chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4443-56. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Sadik
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Preethi Korangath
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nguyen K Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Balazs Gyorffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary. 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Mohammad Hedayati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wei Wen Teo
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sunju Park
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hardik Panday
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Teresa Gonzalez Munoz
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Otilia Menyhart
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary. 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nilay Shah
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raj K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Methodist Cancer Center, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Theodore DeWeese
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas.
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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26
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Inoue K, Fry EA. Novel Molecular Markers for Breast Cancer. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:25-42. [PMID: 26997872 PMCID: PMC4790586 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s38394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of molecular biomarkers assures that breast cancer (BC) patients receive optimal treatment. Established biomarkers, such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, and Ki67, have been playing significant roles in the subcategorization of BC to predict the prognosis and decide the specific therapy to each patient. Antihormonal therapy using 4-hydroxytamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors have been employed in patients whose tumor cells express hormone receptors, while monoclonal antibody to HER2 has been administered to HER2-positive BCs. Although new therapeutic agents have been developed in the past few decades, many patients still die of the disease due to relapse; thus, novel molecular markers that predict therapeutic failure and those that can be targets for specific therapy are expected. We have chosen four of such molecules by reviewing recent publications, which are cyclin E, B-Myb, Twist, and DMP1β. The oncogenicity of these molecules has been demonstrated in vivo and/or in vitro through studies using transgenic mice or siRNAs, and their expressions have been shown to be associated with shortened overall or disease-free survival of BC patients. The former three molecules have been shown to accelerate epithelial-mesenchymal transition that is often associated with cancer stem cell-ness and metastasis; all these four can be novel therapeutic targets as well. Thus, large prospective studies employing immunohistochemistry will be needed to establish the predictive values of these molecules in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Inoue
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Fry
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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27
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METTL13 is downregulated in bladder carcinoma and suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19261. [PMID: 26763933 PMCID: PMC4725887 DOI: 10.1038/srep19261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of bladder cancer has increased in the last few decades, thus novel markers for early diagnosis and more efficacious treatment are urgently needed. It found that METTTL13 protein is aberrant expression in variety of human cancers and METTL13 was involved in oncogenic pathways. However, the role of METTL13 has been unexplored in bladder cancer to date. Here, expression of METTL13 was lower in bladder cancer tissue samples and cancer cell lines than in normal bladder tissue and cell lines. METTL13 was downregulated in the late stages of the disease and was maintained at low level throughout the tumor progression process based on tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging. Further research suggested that METTL13 negatively regulates cell proliferation in bladder cancer and reinstates G1/S checkpoint via the coordinated downregulation of CDK6, CDK4 and CCND1, decreased phosphorylation of Rb and subsequent delayed cell cycle progression. Moreover, METTL13-dependent inhibition of bladder cancer cell migration and invasion is mediated by downregulation of FAK (Focal adhesion kinase) phosphorylation, AKT (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene) phosphorylation, β-catenin expression and MMP-9 expression. These integrated efforts have identified METTL13 as a tumor suppressor and might provide promising approaches for bladder cancer treatment and prevention.
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28
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Wu L, Zhang C. Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation of novel substituted 5H-benzo[i][1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]quinazoline-6,7-diones. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03323g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel substituted 5H-benzo[i][1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]quinazoline-6,7-diones were synthesized and all compounds exhibited excellent antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang 453003
- China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang 453003
- China
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Jane EP, Premkumar DR, Cavaleri JM, Sutera PA, Rajasekar T, Pollack IF. Dinaciclib, a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Promotes Proteasomal Degradation of Mcl-1 and Enhances ABT-737-Mediated Cell Death in Malignant Human Glioma Cell Lines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 356:354-65. [PMID: 26585571 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.230052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for malignant glioma, the most common brain tumor, is still poor, underscoring the need to develop novel treatment strategies. Because glioma cells commonly exhibit genomic alterations involving genes that regulate cell-cycle control, there is a strong rationale for examining the potential efficacy of strategies to counteract this process. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative effects of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor dinaciclib in malignant human glioma cell lines, with intact, deleted, or mutated p53 or phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10; intact or deleted or p14ARF or wild-type or amplified epidermal growth factor receptor. Dinaciclib inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M checkpoint, independent of p53 mutational status. In a standard 72-hour 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxyphenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H, tetrazolium (MTS) assay, at clinically relevant concentrations, dose-dependent antiproliferative effects were observed, but cell death was not induced. Moreover, the combination of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and various growth-signaling inhibitors with dinaciclib did not yield synergistic cytotoxicity. In contrast, combination of the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitors ABT-263 (4-[4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-[4-[[(2R)-4-morpholin-4-yl-1-phenylsulfanylbutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)phenyl]sulfonylbenzamide) or ABT-737 (4-[4-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)phenyl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-[4-[[(2R)-4-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylsulfanylbutan-2-yl]amino]-3-nitrophenyl]sulfonylbenzamide) with dinaciclib potentiated the apoptotic response induced by each single drug. The synergistic killing by ABT-737 with dinaciclib led to cell death accompanied by the hallmarks of apoptosis, including an early loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential; the release of cytochrome c, smac/DIABLO, and apoptosis-inducing factor; phosphatidylserine exposure on the plasma membrane surface and activation of caspases and poly ADP-ribose polymerase. Mechanistic studies revealed that dinaciclib promoted proteasomal degradation of Mcl-1. These observations may have important clinical implications for the design of experimental treatment protocols for malignant human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther P Jane
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel R Premkumar
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathon M Cavaleri
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip A Sutera
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Thatchana Rajasekar
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian F Pollack
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.P.J., D.R.P., I.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine (E.P.J., D.R.P., J.M.C., P.A.S., T.R., I.F.P), and University of Pittsburgh Brain Tumor Center (D.R.P., I.F.P.), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Kumar R, Deep G, Wempe MF, Agarwal R, Agarwal C. Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate inhibits endothelial cells growth and motility by targeting VEGFR2 and integrin signaling pathways. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2015; 15:14-26. [PMID: 25552257 DOI: 10.2174/1568009614666141229102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeting angiogenesis, one of the hallmarks of carcinogenesis, using non-toxic phytochemicals has emerged as a translational opportunity for angioprevention and to control advanced stages of malignancy. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory effects and associated mechanism/s of action of Procyanidin B2-3,3″-di- O-gallate (B2G2), a major component of grape seed extract, on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human prostate microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Our results showed that B2G2 (10-40 μM) inhibits growth and induces death in both HUVECs and HPMECs. Additional studies revealed that B2G2 causes a G1 arrest in cell cycle progression of HUVECs by down-regulating cyclins (D1 and A), CDKs (Cdk2 and Cdc2) and Cdc25c phosphatase and up-regulating CDK inhibitors (p21 and p27) expression. B2G2 also induced strong apoptotic death in HUVECs through increasing p53, Bax and Smac/Diablo expression while decreasing Bcl-2 and survivin levels. Additionally, B2G2 inhibited the growth factors-induced capillary tube formation in HUVECs and HPMECs. Interestingly, conditioned media (CCM) from prostate cancer (PCA) cells (LNCaP and PC3) grown under normoxic (~21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions significantly enhanced the tube formation in HUVECs, which was compromised in presence of conditioned media from B2G2-treated PCA cells. B2G2 also inhibited the motility and invasiveness of both HUVECs and HPMECs. Mechanistic studies showed that B2G2 targets VEGFR2/PI3K/Akt and integrin signaling molecules which are important for endothelial cells survival, proliferation, tube formation and motility. Overall, we report that B2G2 inhibits several attributes of angiogenesis in cell culture; therefore, it warrants further investigation for efficacy for angioprevention and cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chapla Agarwal
- University of Colorado Denver, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, C238, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Faidallah HM, Rostom SAF, Badr MH, Ismail AE, Almohammadi AM. Synthesis of Some 1,4,6-Trisubstituted-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitriles and Their Biological Evaluation as Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015; 348:824-834. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M. Faidallah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif A. F. Rostom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Mona H. Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Azza E. Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Ameen M. Almohammadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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Reddy TS, Kulhari H, Reddy VG, Bansal V, Kamal A, Shukla R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3-diphenyl-1 H -pyrazole derivatives containing benzimidazole skeleton as potential anticancer and apoptosis inducing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 101:790-805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Boulahjar R, Ouach A, Bourg S, Bonnet P, Lozach O, Meijer L, Guguen-Guillouzo C, Le Guevel R, Lazar S, Akssira M, Troin Y, Guillaumet G, Routier S. Advances in tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]isoindolone (valmerins) series: Potent glycogen synthase kinase 3 and cyclin dependent kinase 5 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 101:274-87. [PMID: 26142492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic strategy was developed to modulate the structure of the tetrahydropyridine isoindolone (Valmerin) skeleton. A library of more than 30 novel final structures was generated. Biological activities on CDK5 and GSK3 as well as cellular effects on cancer cell lines were measured for each novel compound. Additionally docking studies were performed to support medicinal chemistry efforts. A strong GSK3/CDK5 dual inhibitor (38, IC50 GSK3/CDK5 32/84 nM) was obtained. A set of highly selective GSK3 inhibitors was synthesized by fine-tuning structural modifications (29 IC50 GSK3/CDK5 32/320 nM). Antiproliferative effects on cells were correlated with the in vitro kinase activities and the best effects were obtained with lung and colon cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajâa Boulahjar
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Aziz Ouach
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Stéphane Bourg
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Olivier Lozach
- C.N.R.S., 'Protein Phosphorylation & Human Disease' Group, USR3151, Station Biologique, BP 74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Meijer
- C.N.R.S., 'Protein Phosphorylation & Human Disease' Group, USR3151, Station Biologique, BP 74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Christiane Guguen-Guillouzo
- Plateforme ImPACcell-SFR BIOSIT UMS-CNRS3480 UMS-INSERM018, Université de Rennes1, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Rémy Le Guevel
- Plateforme ImPACcell-SFR BIOSIT UMS-CNRS3480 UMS-INSERM018, Université de Rennes1, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Saïd Lazar
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Bioorganique et Analytique, URAC 22 pôle Répam, Université Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, BP 146, 28800 Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Akssira
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Bioorganique et Analytique, URAC 22 pôle Répam, Université Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, BP 146, 28800 Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Yves Troin
- Clermont Université, ENSCCF, Laboratoire de Chimie des Hétérocycles et des Glucides, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gérald Guillaumet
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Sylvain Routier
- Univ Orleans, CNRS UMR 7311, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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Interactions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors AT-7519, flavopiridol and SNS-032 with ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC1 transporters and their potential to overcome multidrug resistance in vitro. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 76:105-16. [PMID: 25986678 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2772-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play an important role in multidrug resistance (MDR) toward anticancer drugs. Here, we evaluated interactions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) AT-7519, flavopiridol and SNS-032 with the following ABC transporters in vitro: P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1). METHODS Inhibitory potency of studied CDKi to the transporters was evaluated by accumulation assays using fluorescent substrates and MDCKII cells overexpressing human ABCB1, ABCG2 or ABCC1. Resistance of transporter-expressing cells to the CDKi was evaluated by XTT proliferation assay. Observed interactions of CDKi were verified by ATPase assay in ABC transporter-expressing Sf9 membrane vesicles. Combination index analysis was additionally performed in ABC transporter-expressing cancer cell lines, HepG2 and T47D. RESULTS Flavopiridol showed a significant inhibitory potency toward ABCG2 and ABCC1. SNS-032 also decreased ABCG2-mediated efflux, while AT-7519 failed to inhibit ABCB1, ABCG2 or ABCC1. Both flavopiridol and SNS-032 showed synergistic antiproliferative effects in combination with relevant ABC transporter substrates such as daunorubicin and topotecan in cancer cells. ABCB1 was found to confer significant resistance to AT-7519 and SNS-032, but not to flavopiridol. In contrast, ABCG2 and ABCC1 conferred resistance to flavopiridol, but not to AT-7519 and SNS-032. CONCLUSION Our data provide detailed information on interactions of flavopiridol, SNS-032 and AT-7519 with ABC transporters, which may help elucidate the pharmacokinetic behavior and toxicity of these compounds. Moreover, we show the ability of flavopiridol and SNS-032, but not AT-7519, to overcome ABC transporter-mediated MDR.
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Murphy CG, Dickler MN. The Role of CDK4/6 Inhibition in Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2015; 20:483-90. [PMID: 25876993 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalance of the cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) pathway in cancer cells may result in diversion away from a pathway to senescence and toward a more proliferative phenotype. Cancer cells may increase cyclin D-dependent activity through a variety of mechanisms. Therapeutic inhibition of CDKs in tumors to negate their evasion of growth suppressors has been identified as a key anticancer strategy. In this review, we outline the development of CDK inhibitory therapy in breast cancer, including the initial experience with the pan-CDK inhibitor flavopiridol and the next generation of oral highly selective CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors PD0332991 (palbociclib), LEE011 (ribociclib), and LY2835219 (abemaciclib). Data from phase I and II studies in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer demonstrate promising efficacy with manageable toxic effects, chiefly neutropenia. We discuss these studies and the phase III studies that are accruing or nearing completion. We describe the application of such therapy to other breast cancer settings, including HER2-positive breast cancer and the adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer. We also discuss potential concerns surrounding the combination of CDK inhibitors with chemotherapy and their effects on repair of double-strand DNA breaks in cancer cells. Oral highly selective CDK inhibitors show great promise in improving the outcomes of patients with ER+ breast cancer, although caution must apply to their combination with other agents and in the early breast cancer setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conleth G Murphy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Ireland; Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maura N Dickler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Ireland; Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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Cell signalling pathways interaction in cellular proliferation: Potential target for therapeutic interventionism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circen.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Interacción de las vías de señalización intracelulares participantes en la proliferación celular: potencial blanco de intervencionismo terapéutico. CIR CIR 2015; 83:165-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kuete V, Saeed MEM, Kadioglu O, Börtzler J, Khalid H, Greten HJ, Efferth T. Pharmacogenomic and molecular docking studies on the cytotoxicity of the natural steroid wortmannin against multidrug-resistant tumor cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:120-127. [PMID: 25636880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wortmannin is a cytotoxic compound derived from the endophytic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium wortmannii and Penicillium funiculosum that occurs in many plants, including medicinal herbs. The rationale to develop novel anticancer drugs is the frequent development of tumor resistance to the existing antineoplasic agents. Therefore, it is mandatory to analyze resistance mechanisms of novel drug candidates such as wortmannin as well to bring effective drugs into the clinic that have the potential to bypass or overcome resistance to established drugs and to substantially increase life span of cancer patients. In the present project, we found that P-glycoprotein-overexpressing tumor cells displaying the classical multidrug resistance phenotype toward standard anticancer drugs were not cross-resistant to wortmannin. Furthermore, three point-mutated PIK3CA protein structures revealed similar binding energies to wortmannin than wild-type PIK3CA. This protein is the primary target of wortmannin and part of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PIK3CA mutations are known to be associated with worse response to therapy and shortened its activity toward wild-type and mutant PIK3CA with similar efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Onat Kadioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Börtzler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hassan Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Henry Johannes Greten
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Lim FPL, Dolzhenko AV. 1,3,5-Triazine-based analogues of purine: From isosteres to privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:371-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Clinical study of the novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor dinaciclib in combination with rituximab in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:1057-64. [PMID: 25217392 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dinaciclib is a novel selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)1, CDK2, CDK5, and CDK9. We conducted a phase I study to investigate the effects of dinaciclib when administered with rituximab. METHODS In this phase I nonrandomized dose-escalation 3 + 3 trial, patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were treated with dinaciclib and rituximab. Dinaciclib was administered intravenously (IV) over 2 h on days 1, 8 and 15 in cycles 2-13 (28-day cycles). Rituximab 375 mg/m(2) was administered IV on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 in cycle 1 (28-day cycle) and on day 1 during cycle 3-13. Rituximab was not administered in cycle 2. Rituximab and dinaciclib were given alone in cycles 1 and 2, respectively, and in combination in cycles 3-13. Primary objectives included determination of the recommended phase II dose of dinaciclib and evaluation of pharmacokinetics (PK) when administered with rituximab. RESULTS Five patients completed the study due to early termination. All presented with drug-related adverse events (AEs), but no dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The most commonly observed toxicities included hematological, digestive and metabolic AEs. However, no tumor lysis syndrome has been reported in the study. Four patients achieved stable disease, and one patient achieved complete response according to 2008 iwCLL criteria at cycle 3. PK samples were collected from 5 patients, and no obvious interaction between dinaciclib and rituximab was observed. CONCLUSIONS Limited data from this study shows dinaciclib in combination with rituximab was well tolerated and revealed encouraging clinical activity in relapsed/refractory CLL patients.
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Sangani CB, Makawana JA, Duan YT, Yin Y, Teraiya SB, Thumar NJ, Zhu HL. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling of biquinoline–pyridine hybrids as a new class of potential EGFR and HER-2 kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4472-4476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sequential combination of flavopiridol with Taxol synergistically suppresses human ovarian carcinoma growth. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 291:143-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3408-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cucurbitacin-I, a natural cell-permeable triterpenoid isolated from Cucurbitaceae, exerts potent anticancer effect in colon cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 219:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mahajan KN, Mahajan NP. AKT goes cycling. Cancer Control 2014; 21:239-41. [PMID: 24955708 DOI: 10.1177/107327481402100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran N Mahajan
- Drug Discovery Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. ;
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Signalling pathways in endometrial cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2014; 18:143-8. [PMID: 25520571 PMCID: PMC4268999 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2014.43154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multistage process, during which the activity of signalling pathways responsible for cell cycle regulation and division is disrupted which leads to inhibition of apoptosis and enhanced proliferation. Improper activation of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K. Akt pathways play essential role in endometrial cancers (EC), mainly type I. Mutations in APC, axin or CTNBB1 may lead to β-catenin overactivation leading to excessive gene expression. PTEN inactivation, mutations in the PIK3CA or Akt result in increased transmission in the PI3K/Akt pathway, apoptosis inhibition, intensive cell division, mTOR excitation. In non-endometrioid cancers, key mutations include suppressor gene TP53 responsible for repairing damaged DNA or apoptosis initiation. Irregularities in gene P16, encoding a protein forming the p16-cyclinD/CDK-pRb have also been described. Understanding the complex relations between specific proteins taking part in signal transduction of the abovementioned pathways is key to research on drugs used in targeted therapy.
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Chen L, Wang HJ, Xie W, Yao Y, Zhang YS, Wang H. Cryptotanshinone inhibits lung tumorigenesis and induces apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2447-52. [PMID: 24682389 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone is one of the compounds extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Unlike other tanshinones, only a small number of studies have focused on cryptotanshinone for medical treatment. In the present study, the A549 lung cancer cell line and xenograft models of human lung tumors were used to assess the anti-cancer effect of cryptotanshinone. The effect of cryptotanshinone on human lung cancer, including growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis factors, were identified in vitro, and inhibition of tumor formation, improvement of body condition as well as pathological apoptotic effects were detected in vivo. These results suggested that cryptotanshinone is a potential drug for the treatment and prevention of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- Department of Tumor Chemotherapy, Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Yao
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
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Xie G, Tang H, Wu S, Chen J, Liu J, Liao C. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor SNS-032 induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via depletion of Mcl-1 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and displays antitumor activity in vivo. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:804-12. [PMID: 24865236 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) have been reported to have activities in many types of cancer cells by inhibiting Cdk7 and Cdk9, which control transcription. SNS-032 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Cdk2, Cdk7 and Cdk9 and has emerged in clinical trials. Here, we examined the viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells in the presence of SNS-032 and observed a dose-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation in both cell lines. SNS-032 had a direct apoptosis-inducing effect through both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in breast cancer cells as shown by a dose-dependent increase in Annexin V-positive cells and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick?end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, as well as activation of caspase-8, -9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). At the molecular level, SNS-032 induced a marked dephosphorylation of serine 2 and 5 of RNA polymerase (RNA Pol) II and blocked RNA synthesis. Consistent with the inherently rapid turnover rates of their transcripts and proteins, the anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) were rapidly reduced on exposure to SNS-032. Our results also indicated that SNS-032 suppressed the growth of breast cancer xenografts in mice. These data demonstrate that the use of SNS-032 may be a rational and novel therapeutic strategy for human breast cancer and warrants further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui'e Xie
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqing Wu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, P.R. China
| | - Jingsong Chen
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, P.R. China
| | - Jiangwen Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Can Liao
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, P.R. China
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Hsiao CJ, Hsiao G, Chen WL, Wang SW, Chiang CP, Liu LY, Guh JH, Lee TH, Chung CL. Cephalochromin induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells by inflicting mitochondrial disruption. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:758-765. [PMID: 24588135 DOI: 10.1021/np400517g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The fungus-derived compound cephalochromin, isolated from the fermented broth of Cosmospora vilior YMJ89051501, shows growth-inhibitory and apoptotic activity against human lung cancer A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 2.8 μM at 48 h. Cephalochromin induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase through down-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E, Cdk 2, and Cdk 4 expressions. Cephalochromin markedly increased the hypodiploid sub-G1 phase (apoptosis) of the cell cycle at 48 h as measured by flow cytometric analysis. Reactive oxygen species generation and loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were also markedly induced by cephalochromin. Moreover, the immunoblotting assays showed that cephalochromin reduced survivin and Bcl-xL expression and induced the activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, indicating the involvement of a caspase signaling cascade. The caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk significantly suppressed cephalochromin-induced apoptosis. Cephalochromin also triggered LC3 II, autophagic marker, expression. Taken together, this is the first report that cephalochromin induced an antiproliferative effect on human lung cancer cells through mitochondrial disruption and down-regulation of survivin, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, loss of MMP, and subsequently apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jen Hsiao
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Design, synthesis and molecular modeling of pyrazole–quinoline–pyridine hybrids as a new class of antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:549-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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50
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Wells AD, Morawski PA. New roles for cyclin-dependent kinases in T cell biology: linking cell division and differentiation. Nat Rev Immunol 2014; 14:261-70. [PMID: 24603166 PMCID: PMC10114933 DOI: 10.1038/nri3625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of a few antigen-reactive lymphocytes into a large population of effector cells is a fundamental property of adaptive immunity. The cell division that fuels this process is driven by signals from antigen, co-stimulatory molecules and growth factor receptors, and is controlled by the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) cascade. In this Opinion article, we discuss how the CDK cascade provides one potential link between cell division and differentiation through the phosphorylation of immunologically relevant transcription factors, and how components of this pathway might ultimately participate in the decision between tolerance and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Wells
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, USA; and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Peter A Morawski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, USA; and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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