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Pizzo G, Matranga D, Maniscalco L, Buttacavoli F, Campus G, Giuliana G. Caries Severity, Decayed First Permanent Molars and Associated Factors in 6-7 Years Old Schoolchildren Living in Palermo (Southern Italy). J Clin Med 2023; 12:4343. [PMID: 37445380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, there are very few epidemiologic studies on caries disease in 6-7 year old children living in Sicily (Southern Italy). The first permanent molar (FPM) is the most commonly affected tooth in this target population, and a one-unit increase in the number of decayed FPMs is predictive of caries in other teeth and in adulthood. The primary aim of this research is to estimate the prevalence of caries in 6-7 year old schoolchildren living in Palermo and, as a secondary aim, to estimate the prevalence of affected FPMs. It was designed as a cluster cross-sectional survey on 995 children from 16 schools, selected based on their geographical location, in one of the eight city districts. Caries data were recorded using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System for each tooth surface. The relation between socio-economic status, behavioural determinants, and clinical information and the number of teeth with initial caries (IC), moderate caries (MC), or extensive caries (SC) was analysed through the ordinal logistic regression. Among the 995 schoolchildren, 662 (66.5%) had at least one lesion and 742 (74.6%) had FPMs. Of the latter, 238 (32.0%) were affected by IC, 86 (11.6%) were affected by MC, and only 3 (0.4%) were affected by SC. During multivariable analysis, there was evidence of an increased risk of MC and SC related to the deprivation of the district in which the children lived and went to school, as well as to the protective role of parental education and employment. The same significant determinants were found for IC and MC FPMs. The study showed the important role of socio-economic determinants, unhealthy behaviours, and social deprivation related to the increased risk of moderate and extensive caries in 6-7 year old schoolchildren. Investigating this target population is very important, as early development of caries in FPMs may have serious consequences in the prognostics of oral health in an adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenica Matranga
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Maniscalco
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fortunato Buttacavoli
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Giuliana
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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de Oliveira Reis L, Fontenele RC, Devito KL, Cunha KS, Domingos ADC. Evaluation of the dimensions, morphology, and position of the mandibular condyles in individuals with neurofibromatosis 1: a case-control study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:159-169. [PMID: 34050829 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the mandibular condyles of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) individuals without facial plexiform neurofibroma using cone beam computed tomography images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty cone beam computed tomography scans (160 mandibular condyles) were analyzed: 40 from NF1 individuals (study group) and 40 from individuals without NF1 (control group). The anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions, height, and volume of the mandibular condyles were measured. The mandibular condyles were classified according to their morphology: healthy (absence of morphological changes), with flattening (loss of rounded contour of at least one of the surfaces), with erosion (loss of continuity of the cortical bone), with osteophyte (exophytic formation of the condyle surface), and with sclerosis (any increase in the cortical thickness in the load-bearing areas). Furthermore, the position of the mandibular condyles in relation to the joint fossa in an anteroposterior view was classified as anterior, concentric, or posterior. RESULTS The study group had a higher anteroposterior dimension of the mandibular condyles compared with the control group (p < 0.05). There were no differences in condylar morphology and position between both groups (p > 0.05). The morphological alterations were not associated with sex or age in any group evaluated (p > 0.05). For both groups, the concentric position was the most common. For the study group, there was a significant difference in the condylar position between the sides (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS NF1 individuals without facial plexiform neurofibroma present a high prevalence of condyles with a large anteroposterior dimension and asymmetric position in the joint fossa. However, no morphological and volumetric changes were observed in the mandibular condyles of them. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The knowledge of the TMJ alterations in individuals with NF1 is important to establish an evaluation protocol, which would allow early intervention if indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa de Oliveira Reis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Lopes Devito
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karin Soares Cunha
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa de Castro Domingos
- Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Chabadel O, Véronneau J, Montal S, Tramini P, Moulis E. Effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants on primary molars: A 2-yr split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 129:e12758. [PMID: 33377533 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sealants in preventing pit and fissure caries in primary molars. The secondary objective was to assess the sealant retention during a 2-yr study period. A 2-yr split-mouth randomized clinical trial including 90 3-7-yr-old children was conducted in the paediatric dental department of Montpellier hospital. The dentition of each included patient was divided into an experimental side and a control side, with annual follow-up visits. Caries increments, measured as the number of new occlusal cavitated lesions, were not different between the sealed (mean 0.23) and the control primary molars (mean 0.29). A multiple mixed-effects logistic regression showed that male gender, moderate/high caries risk, and a higher oral hygiene index score, had a statistically significant effect resulting in higher caries increments in the primary molars, than did female gender, low caries risk, and lower oral hygiene index scores. Sealing showed no statistically significant influence on the development of new caries lesions. After 2 yr, the percentages of partially or totally lost sealants were 22.7% and 32.0%, respectively. In this sample of children, the caries increment was not significantly different between the sealed and the unsealed molars. At the end of this 2-yr study, more than half of the sealants were totally or partially lost, which could explain the low sealant effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Chabadel
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Véronneau
- Department of Dental Public Health, University of McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Montal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Tramini
- Department of Dental Public Health, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Moulis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Mačiulskienė V, Razmienė J, Andruškevičienė V, Bendoraitienė E. Estimation of Caries Treatment Needs in First Permanent Molars of Lithuanian 5-6-Year-Old Children, Based on Caries Lesion Activity Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56030105. [PMID: 32131417 PMCID: PMC7142526 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56030105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Early detection of dental caries lesions at active stages of development can facilitate their monitoring and reduce needs for restorative dental care. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and caries treatment needs in first permanent molars of pre-school children, based on a caries lesion activity assessment, and in relation to participants’ ages, dental plaque levels and toothbrushing habits. Materials and Methods: Large cross-sectional dental caries survey using multistage cluster sampling was conducted among Lithuanian 4–6-year-old children attending kindergartens. For the present study purpose, all individuals presenting erupted permanent molars were selected. Thus, only 5–6-year-olds (n = 453) took part in this study. They were examined for caries by one calibrated examiner using Nyvad clinical diagnostic criteria that differentiate between active and inactive caries lesions. Dental plaque was assessed by the Silness-Löe index, and parents’ reports about toothbrushing frequency were collected. Results: Overall, 41% of permanent molars were affected by caries; 6-year-olds had more caries lesions than 5-year-olds (p < 0.05). Mean number of decayed and filled surfaces (DF-S) of all participants was 1.79 (SD 2.93), half of lesions were noncavitated, more than one-third were cavitated and fillings comprised less than one surface per child. Majority of lesions were active; prevalence of inactive lesions (all noncavitated) was 1% and 6% in 5- and 6-year-olds, respectively. Prevalence of active lesions increased with age; it correlated with plaque levels and with toothbrushing frequency (<0.001). Likelihood to detect active lesions was up to nine times higher in teeth with abundant plaque (odds ratio (OR) 8.73; confidence interval (CI) 5.35–14.25), and up to seven times higher in individuals brushing teeth irregularly (OR 6.88; CI 2.21–21.41). Conclusions: The obtained data indicate high treatment needs in the erupted permanent molars of the Lithuanian pre-school population and imply that caries management should primarily focus on improved biofilm removal, accompanied with regular use of fluoridated toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Mačiulskienė
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-37-32-66-81
| | - Jaunė Razmienė
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50106 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.R.); (V.A.); (E.B.)
| | - Vilija Andruškevičienė
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50106 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.R.); (V.A.); (E.B.)
| | - Eglė Bendoraitienė
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50106 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.R.); (V.A.); (E.B.)
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Cerón-Bastidas XA, Suarez A, Guauque-Olarte S. Differences in Caries Status and Risk Factors among Privileged and Unprivileged Children in Colombia. Acta Stomatol Croat 2018; 52:330-339. [PMID: 30666064 PMCID: PMC6336445 DOI: 10.15644/asc52/4/7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to compare the ICDAS-II caries status and caries-related factors among children from rural and urban schools in Pasto, Colombia. Materials and Methods The study included 120 children (4 - 6 year- old children) from rural (privileged) and urban (unprivileged) schools. Caries was evaluated using the ICDAS-II criteria. A survey about the factors related to the presence of caries was applied. Chi-square and Fisher’s tests were used to assess the differences in each study variable between the two groups. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the number of teeth, per ICDAS-II category, between the groups. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the percentage change in the mean number of teeth, per ICDAS-II category, among the rural and urban students. Results Significant differences were found between the rural and urban students for the ICDAS-II 0 and 3-6 categories (p<0.001). The mean number of teeth with moderate-to-severe caries status increased 233% in children from the rural school compared to those attending the urban school (p=0.0). Toothbrushing frequency (p=0.006), cariogenic diet, time elapsed from last dental visit, socioeconomic status, and type of health regime (p<0.001) were among the significant factors related to the rural and urban schools. Conclusions This was the first study to compare ICDAS-II caries status between rural and urban students in Colombia. A worse caries status was found in rural students. This study identified the socioeconomic and clinical factors to guide specific interventions for rural children by modifying the available oral health promotion and disease prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés Suarez
- School of Dental Medicine Universidad CES, Colombia, Colombia
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ElSalhy M, Ali U, Lai H, Flores-Mir C, Amin M. Caries reporting in studies that used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System: A scoping review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018; 47:92-102. [PMID: 30334280 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how caries was reported in studies that employed the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). METHODS A systematic database search up to August 2017 was carried out using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane library and ISI Web of Science electronic databases. Only studies that used the ICDAS for dental caries examinations were included. Studies were excluded if the examination was done only for the validation or the calibration of the ICDAS and/or if the examination was not done for the whole dentition. Measures used to report caries were considered. RESULTS A total of 126 papers met the inclusion criteria. Forty-four different synthesis measures were used to report caries. Most of the studies used a combination of multiple measures to report patient's caries level. These reporting measures cluster into four main groups: the number of individual ICDAS scores (ie, total counts of every score); the number of decayed surfaces/teeth (ie, total counts of combined caries scores for surfaces or teeth); measures of caries experience (ie, total counts of combined caries scores, filled and/or missing surfaces or teeth); and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The number of decayed surfaces and individual ICDAS scores were the most commonly used measures. Three studies used mean ICDAS score (ie, total ICDAS scores divided by the number of teeth), two used mean ICDAS score of carious teeth (ie, total ICDAS scores divided by the number of carious teeth) and two used the maximum ICDAS score (ie, highest ICDAS score recorded). The total ICDAS score was used only once. Many studies synthesized from the ICDAS the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth/surfaces (dmft/DMFT, dmfs/DMFS) as a measure of caries experience. CONCLUSIONS There are variations among studies in the utilization of the system to summarize caries. Most studies presented caries data using the categorical characteristics of the ICDAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed ElSalhy
- College of Dental Medicine, University of New England, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Ussama Ali
- Georgian College of Applied Arts and Technology, Barrie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hollis Lai
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryam Amin
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Visnapuu V, Peltonen S, Alivuotila L, Happonen RP, Peltonen J. Craniofacial and oral alterations in patients with Neurofibromatosis 1. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:131. [PMID: 30092804 PMCID: PMC6085685 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABTSRACT Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common inherited syndromes. The literature on craniofacial alterations associated with NF1 has been limited and partially contradictory. This review is based on literature search and the results of the clinical study "Craniofacial and Oral Alterations and Speech in patients with Neurofibromatosis 1", carried out at the University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland in 2006-2012. By the end of 2012, a total of 110 NF1 patients, 54 female and 56 male patients, were examined.A part of our results confirms pre-existing understanding, a part is contradictory to previous considerations based mainly on case reports, and some are entirely novel. Specifically, our results confirmed that enlargement the mandibular canal is the most common abnormality of the mandible in patients with NF1. It should be noted, however, that this finding does not require treatment. Caries was not a major problem. In fact, it was less frequent in NF1 patients compared to reference population. These findings abrogate some previous perceptions. Novel findings of our project include periapical cemental dysplasia in females; short jaws, a finding which usually does not affect bite; and immunohistological analysis of oral mucosal abnormalities. Pioneering study on speech showed that various deviations were very common: As many as 94% of the participants showed some alterations.To conclude, the awareness of craniofacial alterations common in NF1would help avoiding unnecessary and even harmful involvement, e.g. of periapical cemental dysplasia or enlarged mandibular canal which do not require treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Visnapuu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, TE6, Hämeentie 11, P O Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Lotta Alivuotila
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Risto-Pekka Happonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Peltonen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland
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Alves LS, Susin C, Damé-Teixeira N, Maltz M. Impact of different detection criteria on caries estimates and risk assessment. Int Dent J 2018; 68:144-151. [PMID: 29313946 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to compare the prevalence and extent of dental caries according to the standard World Health Organization (WHO), modified WHO and International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria among 12-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren and to assess the impact of these detection criteria on the assessment of sociodemographic risk indicators for dental caries. METHODS This cross-sectional survey used a multistage probability sampling strategy to select a representative sample of 12-year-old schoolchildren. After tooth cleaning and drying, a single examiner recorded the presence of non-cavitated and cavitated caries lesions. A questionnaire gathered demographic and socio-economic information. Three proposed thresholds for caries detection were used: standard WHO criteria (only cavitated lesions); modified WHO criteria (active non-cavitated lesions and cavitated lesions); and ICDAS (all non-cavitated and cavitated lesions). Prevalence ratios (PR), rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using survey Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 1,528 of 1,837 eligible schoolchildren participated. Caries prevalence (standard WHO, 55.23%; modified WHO, 63.33%; ICDAS, 79.82%) and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index (standard WHO, 1.39; modified WHO, 1.95; ICDAS, 3.78) increased as the detection criteria became more sensitive. Compared with the standard WHO criteria, ICDAS had a greater impact on caries estimates, mainly in schoolchildren of higher socio-economic background. All socio-economic variables were significantly associated with dental caries, irrespective of the detection criteria. CONCLUSION The inclusion of non-cavitated lesions impacted estimates of prevalence and extent of dental caries, mainly when ICDAS was used. No impact was observed on the association between caries and socio-economic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Severo Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Biology, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nailê Damé-Teixeira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marisa Maltz
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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The healthcare system and the provision of oral healthcare in EU Member States: France. Br Dent J 2017; 220:197-203. [PMID: 26917309 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2016.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The French oral health system is based on the provision of dental treatment and is organised around a fee-per-item model. The system is funded by a complex mix of public and complementary health insurance schemes. The system is successful in that it provides access to affordable dental treatment to the majority of the French population. However, France had the highest health expenditure as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) of all European Union countries in 2008 and rising oral health inequalities may be exacerbated by the manner in which oral health care is provided and funded. In addition, there is no organised national strategy for the prevention of oral diseases or for oral health promotion.
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Fluoride: changes in knowledge and prescription habits of paediatricians for 11 years in Brittany, France. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2017; 18:51-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-016-0267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Holmgren C, Gaucher C, Decerle N, Doméjean S. Minimal intervention dentistry II: part 3. Management of non-cavitated (initial) occlusal caries lesions--non-invasive approaches through remineralisation and therapeutic sealants. Br Dent J 2016; 216:237-43. [PMID: 24603245 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data on dental caries show that prevention and treatment needs have evolved significantly over the past two decades. In younger patients the distribution of caries lesions is mainly found on the occlusal surfaces. The treatment approaches utilised by dentists must evolve to integrate preventive and treatment solutions tailored to the care needs, which are straightforward to implement in the dental office and whose effectiveness is underpinned by scientific evidence. This article aims to describe the principles of non-invasive management of non-cavitated (initial) occlusal caries lesions, based on evidence from recent studies published in the international literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Holmgren
- Aide Odontologique Internationale, Montrouge, France
| | - C Gaucher
- AP-HP, Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Service d'Odontologie, Univ Paris Descartes, UFR d'Odontologie, EA 2496, Paris, France
| | - N Decerle
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital Estaing, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Univ Clermont1, UFR d'Odontologie, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique EA 4847, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Doméjean
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital Estaing, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Univ Clermont1, UFR d'Odontologie, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique EA 4847, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Cunha KS, Rozza-de-Menezes RE, Luna EB, Almeida LMDS, Pontes RRLDA, Almeida PN, de Aguiar LV, Dias EP. High prevalence of hyposalivation in individuals with neurofibromatosis 1: a case-control study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:24. [PMID: 25759173 PMCID: PMC4351927 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common genetic diseases in humans and has widely variable expressivity. Oral manifestations are common, but there are no studies that investigated functional alterations in salivary glands in NF1. Our aim was to evaluate the salivary flow rate in NF1 individuals, comparing to a control group, and to investigate the possible causes and some consequences of salivary gland alteration. METHODS This is a case-control study that evaluated the salivary flow rate of NF1 individuals (n = 49) and compared to an age and sex-matched control group. We have also investigated the possible causes and consequences of hyposalivation in NF1 individuals through anamnesis, a specific questionnaire, physical examination, tongue coating evaluation and cytopathological exam to assess the prevalence of oral candidiasis. RESULTS Hyposalivation at rest was present in 59% (29/49) of NF1 individuals in contrast to 22% (11/49) in the control group, being statistically significant (P <0.0001; Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The analysis of the adjusted residual showed that the prevalence of hyposalivation in NF1 individuals (46.9%) was 4-fold higher than in controls (10.2%). None of the possible causes of hyposalivation (medications, low liquid intake, caffeinated or stimulant drink use, mouth breathers, alcohol, smoke and plexiform neurofibroma close to or involving major salivary glands areas) had important impact on the salivary flow rate in NF1 individuals. CONCLUSIONS Hyposalivation may be a consequence of NF1, as occurs in other genetic diseases. More studies are necessary to understand if there is and what is the relationship between NF1 and hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Soares Cunha
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Neurofibromatosis National Center (Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Rafaela Elvira Rozza-de-Menezes
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Neurofibromatosis National Center (Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Eloá Borges Luna
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Neurofibromatosis National Center (Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Lilian Machado de Sousa Almeida
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Neurofibromatosis National Center (Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | | | - Paula Nascimento Almeida
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Neurofibromatosis National Center (Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | | | - Eliane Pedra Dias
- />Postgraduate Program in Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
- />Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ Brazil
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Pichot H, Hennequin M, Rouchon B, Pereira B, Tubert-Jeannin S. Dental status of new caledonian children: is there a need for a new oral health promotion programme? PLoS One 2014; 9:e112452. [PMID: 25380304 PMCID: PMC4224488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Before implementing a new oral health promotion program in the French overseas territory of Nouvelle Calédonie, the health authorities needed recent data about dental status of the New Caledonian child population. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the dental status of 6, 9 and 12-yr-old New Caledonian children and to investigate the environmental and behavioural risk factors related to oral health. METHODS A randomly selected sample of 2734 children (744 6-yr-olds, 789 9-yr-olds, and 1201 12-yr-olds) was examined clinically by seven calibrated investigators and participants responded to a questionnaire. The main variables were objective criteria about dental status and subjective criteria about experience of dental care, dental fear, self-perception of oral health, cultural or ethnic identity and environmental and behavioural risk factors. RESULTS Overall, most of the children had infectious oral diseases: more than 50% had gingivitis, and 60% of 6- and 9 yr-olds had at least one deciduous or permanent tooth with untreated caries. The mean 12-yr-old number of decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was 2.09±2.82. The number of carious lesions was related to the unfavourable lifestyle, deprived social status and no preventive dental care. Kanak, Polynesians and Caledonians (respectively 27%, 18% and 45% of the study sample) were more affected by caries than metropolitan French and Asian children. Children with many untreated carious lesions had negative perceptions of their oral health; they complained of chewing difficulty and had higher scores for dental anxiety. CONCLUSION This study highlights the need for new strategies aimed at improving oral health and at reducing inequalities in New Caledonia. An oral health promotion program would need to be developed in connection with other health programmes using the common risk factor approach within the context of the local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Pichot
- Clermont University, University of Auvergne, EA 4847, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Sanitary and Social Agency of New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Martine Hennequin
- Clermont University, University of Auvergne, EA 4847, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Bernard Rouchon
- Sanitary and Social Agency of New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | | | - Stéphanie Tubert-Jeannin
- Clermont University, University of Auvergne, EA 4847, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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