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George J, Lu Y, Tsuchishima M, Tsutsumi M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury: The role of oxidative stress and therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103258. [PMID: 38970988 PMCID: PMC11279328 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) or reoxygenation injury is the paradoxical exacerbation of cellular impairment following restoration of blood flow after a period of ischemia during surgical procedures or other conditions. Acute interruption of blood supply to the liver and subsequent reperfusion can result in hepatocyte injury, apoptosis, and necrosis. Since the liver requires a continuous supply of oxygen for many biochemical reactions, any obstruction of blood flow can rapidly lead to hepatic hypoxia, which could quickly progress to absolute anoxia. Reoxygenation results in the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, which lead to the enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other signaling molecules. Consequent acute inflammatory cascades lead to significant impairment of hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells. Furthermore, the expression of several vascular growth factors results in the heterogeneous closure of numerous hepatic sinusoids, which leads to reduced oxygen supply in certain areas of the liver even after reperfusion. Therefore, it is vital to identify appropriate therapeutic modalities to mitigate hepatic IR injury and subsequent tissue damage. This review covers all the major aspects of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, with special emphasis on oxidative stress, associated inflammation and complications, and prospective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph George
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA; Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Yongke Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Mutsumi Tsuchishima
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Frontiñán-Rubio J, Santiago-Mora RM, Nieva-Velasco CM, Ferrín G, Martínez-González A, Gómez MV, Moreno M, Ariza J, Lozano E, Arjona-Gutiérrez J, Gil-Agudo A, De la Mata M, Pesic M, Peinado JR, Villalba JM, Pérez-Romasanta L, Pérez-García VM, Alcaín FJ, Durán-Prado M. Regulation of the oxidative balance with coenzyme Q10 sensitizes human glioblastoma cells to radiation and temozolomide. Radiother Oncol 2018; 128:236-244. [PMID: 29784452 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate how the modulation of the oxidative balance affects cytotoxic therapies in glioblastoma, in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human glioblastoma U251 and T98 cells and normal astrocytes C8D1A were loaded with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ). Mitochondrial superoxide ion (O2-) and H2O2 were measured by fluorescence microscopy. OXPHOS performance was assessed in U251 cells with an oxytherm Clark-type electrode. Radio- and chemotherapy cytotoxicity was assessed by immunostaining of γH2AX (24 h), annexin V and nuclei morphology, at short (72 h) and long (15 d) time. Hif-1α, SOD1, SOD2 and NQO1 were determined by immunolabeling. Catalase activity was measured by classic enzymatic assay. Glutathione levels and total antioxidant capacity were quantified using commercial kits. RESULTS CoQ did not affect oxygen consumption but reduced the level of O2- and H2O2 while shifted to a pro-oxidant cell status mainly due to a decrease in catalase activity and SOD2 level. Hif-1α was dampened, echoed by a decrease lactate and several key metabolites involved in glutathione synthesis. CoQ-treated cells were twofold more sensitive than control to radiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in short and long-term clonogenic assays, potentiating TMZ-induced cytotoxicity, without affecting non-transformed astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS CoQ acts as sensitizer for cytotoxic therapies, disarming GBM cells, but not normal astrocytes, against further pro-oxidant injuries, being potentially useful in clinical practice for this fatal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Frontiñán-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Raquel María Santiago-Mora
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Consuelo María Nieva-Velasco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gustavo Ferrín
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica en Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - María Victoria Gómez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies and Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Julia Ariza
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eva Lozano
- Radiotherapy Unit, University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel De la Mata
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica en Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Milica Pesic
- Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Juan Ramón Peinado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José M Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Víctor M Pérez-García
- Laboratory of Mathematical Oncology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Francisco J Alcaín
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-la Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain; Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Gene-environment interactions in severe intraventricular hemorrhage of preterm neonates. Pediatr Res 2014; 75:241-50. [PMID: 24192699 PMCID: PMC3946468 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) of the preterm neonate is a complex developmental disorder, with contributions from both the environment and the genome. IVH, or hemorrhage into the germinal matrix of the developing brain with secondary periventricular infarction, occurs in that critical period of time before the 32nd to 33rd wk postconception and has been attributed to changes in cerebral blood flow to the immature germinal matrix microvasculature. Emerging data suggest that genes subserving coagulation, inflammatory, and vascular pathways and their interactions with environmental triggers may influence both the incidence and severity of cerebral injury and are the subject of this review. Polymorphisms in the Factor V Leiden gene are associated with the atypical timing of IVH, suggesting an as yet unknown environmental trigger. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variants render neonates more vulnerable to cerebral injury in the presence of perinatal hypoxia. The present study demonstrates that the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism and low 5-min Apgar score additively increase the risk of IVH. Finally, review of published preclinical data suggests the stressors of delivery result in hemorrhage in the presence of mutations in collagen 4A1, a major structural protein of the developing cerebral vasculature. Maternal genetics and fetal environment may also play a role.
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Blaise SA, Alberto JM, Audonnet-Blaise S, Guéant JL, Daval JL. Influence of preconditioning-like hypoxia on the liver of developing methyl-deficient rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E1492-502. [PMID: 17726145 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00255.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency in nutritional determinants of homocysteine (HCY) metabolism, such as vitamin B(12) and folate, during pregnancy is known to influence HCY levels in the progeny, which in turn may exert adverse effects during development, including liver defects. Since short hypoxia has been shown to induce tolerance to subsequent stress in various cells including hepatocytes, and as vitamins B deficiency and hypoxic episodes may simultaneously occur in neonates, we aimed to investigate the influence of brief postnatal hypoxia (100% N(2) for 5 min) on the liver of rat pups born from dams fed a deficient regimen, i.e., depleted in vitamins B(12), B(2), folate, and choline. Four experimental groups were studied: control, hypoxia, deficiency, and hypoxia + deficiency. Although hypoxia transiently stimulated HCY catabolic pathways, it was associated with a progressive increase of hyperhomocysteinemia in deficient pups, with a fall of cystathionine beta-synthase activity at 21 days. At this stage, inducible NO synthase activity was dramatically increased and glutathione reductase decreased, specifically in the group combining hypoxia and deficiency. Also, hypoxia enhanced the deficiency-induced drop of the S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio. In parallel, early exposure to the methyl-deficient regimen induced oxidative stress and led to hepatic steatosis, which was found to be more severe in pups additionally exposed to hypoxia. In conclusion, brief neonatal hypoxia may accentuate the long-term adverse effects of impaired HCY metabolism in the liver resulting from an inadequate nutritional regimen during pregnancy, and our data emphasize the importance of early factors on adult disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien A Blaise
- INSERM U724, Faculté de Médecine, 9 Ave. de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Blaise S, Alberto JM, Nédélec E, Ayav A, Pourié G, Bronowicki JP, Guéant JL, Daval JL. Mild neonatal hypoxia exacerbates the effects of vitamin-deficient diet on homocysteine metabolism in rats. Pediatr Res 2005; 57:777-82. [PMID: 15845641 DOI: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000161406.19231.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasma homocysteine has been linked to pregnancy complications and developmental diseases. Whereas hyperhomocysteinemia is frequently observed in populations at risk of malnutrition, hypoxia may alter the remethylation of homocysteine in hepatocytes. We aimed to investigate the combined influences of early deficiency in nutritional determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia and of neonatal hypoxia on homocysteine metabolic pathways in developing rats. Dams were fed a standard diet or a diet deficient in vitamins B12, B2, folate, month, and choline from 1 mo before pregnancy until weaning of the offspring. The pups were divided into four treatment groups corresponding to "no hypoxia/standard diet," "hypoxia (100% N2 for 5 min at postnatal d 1)/standard diet," "no hypoxia/deficiency," and "hypoxia/deficiency," and homocysteine metabolism was analyzed in their liver at postnatal d 21. Hypoxia increased plasma homocysteine in deficient pups (21.2 +/- 1.6 versus 13.3 +/- 1.2 microM, p < 0.05). Whereas mRNA levels of cystathionine beta-synthase remained unaltered, deficiency reduced the enzyme activity (48.7 +/- 2.9 versus 83.6 +/- 6.3 nmol/h/mg, p < 0.01), an effect potentiated by hypoxia (29.4 +/- 4.7 nmol/h/mg, p < 0.05). The decrease in methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase activity measured in deficient pups was attenuated by hypoxia (p < 0.05), and methionine-adenosyltransferase activity was slightly reduced only in the "hypoxia/deficiency" group (p < 0.05). Finally, hypoxia enhanced the deficiency-induced drop of the S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio, which is known to influence DNA methylation and gene expression. In conclusion, neonatal hypoxia may increase homocysteinemia mainly by decreasing homocysteine transsulfuration in developing rats under methyl-deficient regimen. It could therefore potentiate the well-known adverse effects of hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Blaise
- INSERM U 724, Université H. Poincaré, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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