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Martínez Duncker Rebolledo E, Chan D, Christensen KE, Reagan AM, Howell GR, Rozen R, Trasler J. Sperm DNA methylation defects in a new mouse model of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T variant and correction with moderate dose folic acid supplementation. Mol Hum Reprod 2024; 30:gaae008. [PMID: 38366926 PMCID: PMC10980591 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme that plays a key role in providing methyl groups for DNA methylation, including during spermatogenesis. A common genetic variant in humans (MTHFR 677C>T) results in reduced enzyme activity and has been linked to various disorders, including male infertility. A new animal model has been created by reproducing the human equivalent of the polymorphism in mice using CRISPR/Cas9. Biochemical parameters in the Mthfr 677TT mice recapitulate alterations found in MTHFR 677TT men. Our aims were to characterize the sperm DNA methylome of the Mthfr 677CC and TT mice on a control diet (2 mg folic acid/kg diet) and assess the effects of folic acid supplementation (10 mg/kg diet) on the sperm DNA methylome. Body and reproductive organ weights, testicular sperm counts, and histology were examined. DNA methylation in sperm was assessed using bisulfite pyrosequencing and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). Reproductive parameters and locus-specific imprinted gene methylation were unaffected by genotype or diet. Using WGBS, sperm from 677TT mice had 360 differentially methylated tiles as compared to 677CC mice, predominantly hypomethylation (60% of tiles). Folic acid supplementation mostly caused hypermethylation in sperm of males of both genotypes and was found to partially correct the DNA methylation alterations in sperm associated with the TT genotype. The new mouse model will be useful in understanding the role of MTHFR deficiency in male fertility and in designing folate supplementation regimens for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Martínez Duncker Rebolledo
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Donovan Chan
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Rima Rozen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lioudyno VI, Tsymbalova EA, Chernyavskaya EA, Scripchenko EY, Bisaga GN, Dmitriev AV, Abdurasulova IN. Association of Increased Homocysteine Levels with Impaired Folate Metabolism and Vitamin B Deficiency in Early-Onset Multiple Sclerosis. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2024; 89:562-573. [PMID: 38648773 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924030143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The contents of homocysteine (HCy), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), folic acid (vitamin B9), and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) were analyzed and the genotypes of the main gene polymorphisms associated with folate metabolism (C677T and A1298C of the MTHFR gene, A2756G of the MTR gene and A66G of the MTRR gene) were determined in children at the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) (with disease duration of no more than six months), healthy children under 18 years (control group), healthy adults without neurological pathology, adult patients with MS at the onset of disease, and adult patients with long-term MS. A significant increase in the HCy levels was found in children at the MS onset compared to healthy children of the corresponding age. It was established that the content of HCy in children has a high predictive value. At the same time, an increase in the HCy levels was not accompanied by the deficiency of vitamins B6, B9, and B12 in the blood. The lack of correlation between the laboratory signs of vitamin deficiency and HCy levels may be due to the polymorphic variants of folate cycle genes. An increased HCy level should be considered as a marker of functional disorders of folate metabolism accompanying the development of pathological process in pediatric MS. Our finding can be used to develop new approaches to the prevention of demyelination in children and treatment of pediatric MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elena Y Scripchenko
- Pediatric Research and Clinical Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia
| | - Gennadij N Bisaga
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russia
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Ali SI, Khan OY, Naveed N, Ahmad H, Patel N, Arif A. Congenital septal defects in Karachi, Pakistan: an update of mutational screening by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis of MTHFR C677T. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:6. [PMID: 38287462 PMCID: PMC10826090 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the heart structural malformations present at birth. Septal defects account for 40% of CHD, including atrial, ventricular and atrioventricular septal defects. In Pakistan, the prevalence of CHD is 3.4 in 1000, and a study estimated that 60,000 babies are born with CHD annually. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a chief enzyme, involved in the folate metabolism. The missense mutation, C677T (rs1801133), exists in MTHFR gene, results in a MTHFR thermolabile variant having low enzymatic activity. The study is aim to identify the MTHFR C677T variant association with septal defects. METHODS Samples of 194 CHD patients (age [Formula: see text]= 5.8 ± 5.1) and 50 normal echo controls (age [Formula: see text]= 6.0 ± 4.9), confirmed by pediatric consultant, were collected. Extracted DNA, quantified by agarose gel electrophoresis and nanodrop, was screened for SNP by high-resolution melting (HRM). Further, HRM results were confirmed using restriction analysis and sequencing. HRM was simply and precisely genotyped the samples within 3 h at low cost. RESULTS Genotypic data suggested that heterozygous mutant (CT) was frequent in congenital septal defect patients (0.26) which was higher than controls (0.143), p > 0.05. Mutant (TT) genotype was not found in this study. CONCLUSIONS rs1801133 has lack of significant association with congenital septal defects. The absence of TT genotype in this study suggesting the role of natural selection in targeted population. HRM is an easy, fast and next generation of PCR, which may be used for applied genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Irtiza Ali
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Obaid Yusuf Khan
- Department of Genetics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nadir Naveed
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmad
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Najma Patel
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Arif
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Li J, Yang M, Li W, Lu C, Feng D, Shang Z, Wang C, Lin W. Structural and functional characterization of a mycobacterial methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase utilizing NADH as the exclusive cofactor. Biochem J 2023; 480:1129-1146. [PMID: 37435857 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
5,10-Methylenetetraydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism. MSMEG_6649, a non-canonical MTHFR from Mycobacterium smegmatis, was previously reported as a monomeric protein lacking the flavin coenzyme. However, the structural basis for its unique flavin-independent catalytic mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we determined the crystal structures of apo MTHFR MSMEG_6649 and its complex with NADH from M. smegmatis. Structural analysis revealed that the groove formed by the loops 4 and 5 of non-canonical MSMEG_6649 interacting with FAD was significantly larger than that of canonical MTHFR. Meanwhile, the NADH-binding site in MSMEG_6649 is highly similar to the FAD binding site in canonical MTHFR, suggesting that NADH plays the same role (immediate hydride donor for methylenetetraydrofolate) as FAD in the catalytic reaction. Using biochemical analysis, molecular modeling, and site-directed mutagenesis, the critical residues participating in the binding of NADH and the substrate 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate as well as the product 5-methyltetrahydrofolate were identified and validated. Taken together, this work not only provides a good starting point for understanding the potential catalytic mechanism for MSMEG_6649, but also identifies an exploitable target for the development of anti-mycobacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Yang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chujie Lu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyu Feng
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Shang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengyuan Wang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Ginani CTA, da Luz JRD, de Medeiros KS, Sarmento ACA, Coppedè F, das Graças Almeida M. Association of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene with maternal risk for Down syndrome: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2023; 792:108470. [PMID: 37689109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies around the world support the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms involved in folate metabolism could be related to the maternal risk for Down syndrome (DS). Most of them investigated the role of MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms as maternal risk factors for DS, but their results are often conflicting and still inconclusive. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association of MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms with the maternal risk of DS. Our search strategy selected 42 eligible case control studies for a total of 4131 case mothers and 5452 control mothers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected studies. To assess the confidence of statistically significant associations we applied false positive report probability test, and we performed the trial sequential analysis to minimize the type I error and random error. RESULTS We observed significant associations between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and maternal risk for DS for each of the genetic models investigated (dominant, recessive, codominant, and allelic contrast). Subgroup analysis by region revelated significant association in the Asian population for all the genetic models investigated. Significant associations were also found for certain genetic models in North American, South American, and Middle Eastern populations, while no association was observed in Europeans. The MTHFR A1298C polymorphism did not show any association with the maternal risk of DS, either alone or in combination with the C677T one. The results of false positive report probability to verify the confidence of a significant association suggest that the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the maternal risk for DS is noteworthy, with high confidence in Asians. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis support that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, but not the A1298C one, is associated with the maternal risk for DS. Further studies are required to better characterize the contribution of gene-gene and gene-nutrient interactions as well as those of other regional or ethnic factors that could explain the observed different effect size in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Talita Azevedo Ginani
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Organic Chemistry and biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the League Against Cancer, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Kleyton Santos de Medeiros
- Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the League against Cancer, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center of Biology and Pathology of Aging, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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Wang X, Wang Y, Ma X, Zhou S, Xu J, Guo Y, Liu L, Liu Y, Gao L, Yuan L. Gender-specific association of SLC19A1 and MTHFR genetic polymorphism with oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma folate levels in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2023; 178:112208. [PMID: 37201763 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma folate levels are closely related to antioxidant capacity and are regulated by folate pathway gene polymorphism. However, few studies have explored the gender-specific association of folate pathway gene polymorphism with oxidative stress biomarkers. The present study was designed to explore the gender-specific independent and combined impacts of solute carrier family 19 member 1 (SLC19A1) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genetic polymorphisms on oxidative stress biomarkers in older adults. METHODS A total of 401 subjects were recruited, including 145 males and 256 females. Demographic characteristics of the participants were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Fasting venous blood samples were taken for folate pathway gene genotyping, circulating lipids parameters and erythrocyte oxidative stress biomarkers measurement. The difference of genotype distribution and the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by the Chi-square test. The general linear model was applied to compare the plasma folate levels and erythrocyte oxidative stress biomarkers. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the correlation between genetic risk scores and oxidative stress biomarkers. Logistic regression was used to explore the association of genetic risk scores of folate pathway gene with folate deficiency. RESULTS The male subjects have lower plasma folate and HDL-C levels than the female ones, and the male carrying MTHFR rs1801133 (CC) or MTHFR rs2274976 (GA) genotypes have higher erythrocyte SOD activity. The plasma folate levels, erythrocyte SOD and GSH-PX activities were negatively correlated with genetic risk scores in the male subjects. A positive correlation between the genetic risk scores and folate deficiency was observed in the male subjects. CONCLUSIONS There was association between folate pathway gene polymorphism of Solute Carrier Family 19 Member 1 (SLC19A1) and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) with erythrocyte SOD and GSH-PX activities, and folate levels in male but not in female aging subjects. Genetic variant of genes involved in folate metabolism has strong impact on plasma folate levels in the male aging subjects. Our data demonstrated that there was a potential interaction of gender and its genetic background in affecting the body's antioxidant capacity and the risk of folate deficiency in aging subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lifang Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Bobrowski-Khoury N, Sequeira JM, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Quadros EV. Absorption and Tissue Distribution of Folate Forms in Rats: Indications for Specific Folate Form Supplementation during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122397. [PMID: 35745126 PMCID: PMC9228663 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Food fortification and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy have been implemented as strategies to prevent fetal malformations during pregnancy. However, with the emergence of conditions where folate metabolism and transport are disrupted, such as folate receptor alpha autoantibody (FRαAb)-induced folate deficiency, it is critical to find a folate form that is effective and safe for pharmacologic dosing for prolonged periods. Therefore, in this study, we explored the absorption and tissue distribution of folic acid (PGA), 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (MTHF), l-folinic acid (levofolinate), and d,l-folinic acid (Leucovorin) in adult rats. During absorption, all forms are converted to MTHF while some unconverted folate form is transported into the blood, especially PGA. The study confirms the rapid distribution of absorbed folate to the placenta and fetus. FRαAb administered, also accumulates rapidly in the placenta and blocks folate transport to the fetus and high folate concentrations are needed to circumvent or overcome the blocking of FRα. In the presence of FRαAb, both Leucovorin and levofolinate are absorbed and distributed to tissues better than the other forms. However, only 50% of the leucovorin is metabolically active whereas levofolinate is fully active and generates higher tetrahydrofolate (THF). Because levofolinate can readily incorporate into the folate cycle without needing methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase (MS) in the first pass and is relatively stable, it should be the folate form of choice during pregnancy, other disorders where large daily doses of folate are needed, and food fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Bobrowski-Khoury
- The School of Graduate Studies, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA;
| | - Jeffrey M. Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA;
| | - Erland Arning
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA; (E.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA; (E.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Edward V. Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Cheng TYD, Ilozumba MN, Balavarca Y, Neuhouser ML, Miller JW, Beresford SAA, Zheng Y, Song X, Duggan DJ, Toriola AT, Bailey LB, Green R, Caudill MA, Ulrich CM. Associations between Genetic Variants and Blood Biomarkers of One-Carbon Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Nutr 2022; 152:1099-1106. [PMID: 34967850 PMCID: PMC8971010 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variation in one-carbon metabolism may affect nutrient concentrations and biological functions. However, data on genetic variants associated with blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism in US postmenopausal women are limited, and whether these associations were affected by the nationwide folic acid (FA) fortification program is unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between genetic variants and biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism using data from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. METHODS In 1573 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 282 Black/African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic/Latino women aged 50-79 y, 288 nonsynonymous and tagging single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were genotyped. RBC folate, plasma folate, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), vitamin B-12, homocysteine, and cysteine concentrations were determined in 12-h fasting blood. Multivariable linear regression tested associations per variant allele and for an aggregated genetic risk score. Effect modifications before, during, and after nationwide FA fortification were examined. RESULTS After correction for multiple comparisons, among NHW women, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 (677C→T) variant T was associated with lower plasma folate (-13.0%; 95% CI: -17.3%, -8.6%) and higher plasma homocysteine (3.5%; 95% CI: 1.7%, 5.3%) concentrations. Other associations for nonsynonymous SNVs included DNMT3A rs11695471 (T→A) with plasma PLP; EHMT2 rs535586 (G→A), TCN2 rs1131603 (L349S A→G), and TCN2 rs35838082 (R188W G→A) with plasma vitamin B-12; CBS rs2851391 (G→A) with plasma homocysteine; and MTHFD1 rs2236224 (G→A) and rs2236225 (R653Q G→A) with plasma cysteine. The influence of FA fortification on the associations was limited. Highest compared with lowest quartiles of aggregated genetic risk scores from SNVs in MTHFR and MTRR were associated with 14.8% to 18.9% lower RBC folate concentrations. Gene-biomarker associations were similar in women of other races/ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings on genetic variants associated with several one-carbon metabolism biomarkers may help elucidate mechanisms of maintaining B vitamin status in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yesilda Balavarca
- Department of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yingye Zheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David J Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Adetunji T Toriola
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynn B Bailey
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Raghubeer S, Matsha TE. Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR), the One-Carbon Cycle, and Cardiovascular Risks. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124562. [PMID: 34960114 PMCID: PMC8703276 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme is vital for cellular homeostasis due to its key functions in the one-carbon cycle, which include methionine and folate metabolism and protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis. The enzyme is responsible for maintaining methionine and homocysteine (Hcy) balance to prevent cellular dysfunction. Polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene, especially C677T, have been associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, inflammatory conditions, diabetes, and vascular disorders. The C677T MTHFR polymorphism is thought to be the most common cause of elevated Hcy levels, which is considered an independent risk factor for CVD. This polymorphism results in an amino acid change from alanine to valine, which prevents optimal functioning of the enzyme at temperatures above 37 °C. Many studies have been conducted to determine whether there is an association between the C677T polymorphism and increased risk for CVD. There is much evidence in favour of this association, while several studies have concluded that the polymorphism cannot be used to predict CVD development or progression. This review discusses current research regarding the C677T polymorphism and its relationship with CVD, inflammation, diabetes, and epigenetic regulation and compares the evidence provided for and against the association with CVD.
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Yi J, Huang H, Liang J, Wang R, Liu Z, Li F, Wang S. A Heterodimeric Reduced-Ferredoxin-Dependent Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase from Syngas-Fermenting Clostridium ljungdahlii. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0095821. [PMID: 34643446 PMCID: PMC8515935 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00958-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The strict anaerobe Clostridium ljungdahlii can ferment CO or H2/CO2 via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway to acetate, ethanol, and 2,3-butanediol. This ability has attracted considerable interest, since it can be used for syngas fermentation to produce biofuels and biochemicals. However, the key enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of the strain has not been characterized, and its physiological electron donor is unclear. In this study, we purified the enzyme 46-fold with a benzyl viologen reduction activity of 41.2 U/mg from C. ljungdahlii cells grown on CO. It is composed of two subunits, MetF (31.5 kDa) and MetV (23.5 kDa), and has an apparent molecular mass of 62.2 kDa. The brownish yellow protein contains 0.73 flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and 7.4 Fe, in agreement with the prediction that MetF binds one flavin and MetV binds two [4Fe4S] clusters. It cannot use NAD(P)H as its electron donor or catalyze an electron-bifurcating reaction in combination with ferredoxin as an electron acceptor. The reduced recombinant ferredoxin, flavodoxin, and thioredoxin of C. ljungdahlii can serve as electron donors with specific activities of 91.2, 22.1, and 7.4 U/mg, respectively. The apparent Km values for reduced ferredoxin and flavodoxin were around 1.46 μM and 0.73 μM, respectively. Subunit composition and phylogenetic analysis showed that the enzyme from C. ljungdahlii belongs to MetFV-type MTHFR, which is a heterodimer, and uses reduced ferredoxin as its electron donor. Based on these results, we discuss the energy metabolism of C. ljungdahlii when it grows on CO or H2 plus CO2. IMPORTANCE Syngas, a mixture of CO, CO2, and H2, is the main component of steel mill waste gas and also can be generated by the gasification of biomass and urban domestic waste. Its fermentation to biofuels and biocommodities has attracted attention due to the economic and environmental benefits of this process. Clostridium ljungdahlii is one of the superior acetogens used in the technology. However, the biochemical mechanism of its gas fermentation via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway is not completely clear. In this study, the key enzyme, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), was characterized and found to be a non-electron-bifurcating heterodimer with reduced ferredoxin as its electron donor, representing another example of MetFV-type MTHFR. The findings will form the basis for a deeper understanding of the energy metabolism of syngas fermentation by C. ljungdahlii, which is valuable for developing metabolic engineering strains and efficient syngas fermentation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyong Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuli Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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Wu MT, Ye WT, Wang YC, Chen PM, Liu JY, Tai CK, Tang FY, Li JR, Liu CC, Chiang EPI. MTHFR Knockdown Assists Cell Defense against Folate Depletion Induced Chromosome Segregation and Uracil Misincorporation in DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179392. [PMID: 34502300 PMCID: PMC8431311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate depletion causes chromosomal instability by increasing DNA strand breakage, uracil misincorporation, and defective repair. Folate mediated one-carbon metabolism has been suggested to play a key role in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through influencing DNA integrity. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the enzyme catalyzing the irreversible conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate that can control folate cofactor distributions and modulate the partitioning of intracellular one-carbon moieties. The association between MTHFR polymorphisms and HCC risk is inconsistent and remains controversial in populational studies. We aimed to establish an in vitro cell model of liver origin to elucidate the interactions between MTHFR function, folate status, and chromosome stability. In the present study, we (1) examined MTHFR expression in HCC patients; (2) established cell models of liver origin with stabilized inhibition of MTHFR using small hairpin RNA delivered by a lentiviral vector, and (3) investigated the impacts of reduced MTHFR and folate status on cell cycle, methyl group homeostasis, nucleotide biosynthesis, and DNA stability, all of which are pathways involved in DNA integrity and repair and are critical in human tumorigenesis. By analyzing the TCGA/GTEx datasets available within GEPIA2, we discovered that HCC cancer patients with higher MTHFR had a worse survival rate. The shRNA of MTHFR (shMTHFR) resulted in decreased MTHFR gene expression, MTHFR protein, and enzymatic activity in human hepatoma cell HepG2. shMTHFR tended to decrease intracellular S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) contents but folate depletion similarly decreased SAM in wildtype (WT), negative control (Neg), and shMTHFR cells, indicating that in cells of liver origin, shMTHFR does not exacerbate the methyl group supply in folate depletion. shMTHFR caused cell accumulations in the G2/M, and cell population in the G2/M was inversely correlated with MTHFR gene level (r = −0.81, p < 0.0001), MTHFR protein expression (r = −0.8; p = 0.01), and MTHFR enzyme activity (r = −0.842; p = 0.005). Folate depletion resulted in G2/M cell cycle arrest in WT and Neg but not in shMTHFR cells, indicating that shMTHFR does not exacerbate folate depletion-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, shMTHFR promoted the expression and translocation of nuclei thymidine synthetic enzyme complex SHMT1/DHFR/TYMS and assisted folate-dependent de novo nucleotide biosynthesis under folate restriction. Finally, shMTHFR promoted nuclear MLH1/p53 expression under folate deficiency and further reduced micronuclei formation and DNA uracil misincorporation under folate deficiency. In conclusion, shMTHFR in HepG2 induces cell cycle arrest in G2/M that may promote nucleotide supply and assist cell defense against folate depletion-induced chromosome segregation and uracil misincorporation in the DNA. This study provided insight into the significant impact of MTHFR function on chromosome stability of hepatic tissues. Data from the present study may shed light on the potential regulatory mechanism by which MTHFR modulates the risk for hepatic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tsung Wu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Wei-Ting Ye
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Jun-You Liu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Chien-Kuo Tai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (J.-R.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (J.-R.L.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - En-Pei Isabel Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (M.-T.W.); (W.-T.Y.); (Y.-C.W.); (P.-M.C.); (J.-Y.L.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Elens I, Deprez S, Billiet T, Sleurs C, Labarque V, Uyttebroeck A, Van Gool S, Lemiere J, D’Hooge R. Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C polymorphisms influence the adult sequelae of chemotherapy in childhood-leukemia survivors. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250228. [PMID: 33930029 PMCID: PMC8087097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective correlation study investigated the putative link between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C mutations and chemotherapy-related brain function changes in adult childhood-leukemia survivors. To this end, we determined the relationship between the particular MTHFR1298 genotype (AA, AC or CC) of 31 adult childhood-leukemia survivors, and (1) their CSF Tau and phosphorylated Tau (pTau) levels at the time of treatment, (2) their adult performance intelligence quotient (PIQ), and (3) their regional brain connectivity using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). We confirmed that neuropathology markers Tau and pTau significantly increased in CSF of children after intrathecal methotrexate administration. Highest concentrations of these toxicity markers were found during the induction phase of the therapy. Moreover, CSF concentrations of Tau and pTau during treatment were influenced by the children’s particular MTHFR1298 genotype. CSF Tau (but not pTau) levels significantly dropped after folinic acid supplementation. At adult age (on average 13.1 years since the end of their treatment), their particular MTHFR1298 genotype (AA, AC or CC) influenced the changes in PIQ and cortical connectivity that we found to be related to their childhood exposure to chemotherapeutics. In summary, we suggest that homozygous MTHFR1298CC individuals are more vulnerable to the adult sequelae of antifolate chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Elens
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - Sabine Deprez
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thibo Billiet
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Icometrix, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Sleurs
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Labarque
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jurgen Lemiere
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rudi D’Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Petrone I, Bernardo PS, dos Santos EC, Abdelhay E. MTHFR C677T and A1298C Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer, Gliomas and Gastric Cancer: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:587. [PMID: 33920562 PMCID: PMC8073588 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Folate (vitamin B9) is found in some water-soluble foods or as a synthetic form of folic acid and is involved in many essential biochemical processes. Dietary folate is converted into tetrahydrofolate, a vital methyl donor for most methylation reactions, including DNA methylation. 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a critical enzyme in the folate metabolism pathway that converts 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate into 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, which produces a methyl donor for the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. MTHFR polymorphisms result in reduced enzyme activity and altered levels of DNA methylation and synthesis. MTHFR polymorphisms have been linked to increased risks of several pathologies, including cancer. Breast cancer, gliomas and gastric cancer are highly heterogeneous and aggressive diseases associated with high mortality rates. The impact of MTHFR polymorphisms on these tumors remains controversial in the literature. This review discusses the relationship between the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and the increased risk of breast cancer, gliomas, and gastric cancer. Additionally, we highlight the relevance of ethnic and dietary aspects of population-based studies and histological stratification of highly heterogeneous tumors. Finally, this review discusses these aspects as potential factors responsible for the controversial literature concerning MTHFR polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Petrone
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center for Bone Marrow Transplants, Brazilian National Cancer Institute—INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (E.A.)
- Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Oncology, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
| | - Paula Sabbo Bernardo
- Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Oncology, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Molecular Hemato-Oncology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute—INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil
| | - Everton Cruz dos Santos
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center for Bone Marrow Transplants, Brazilian National Cancer Institute—INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (E.A.)
- Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Oncology, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
| | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center for Bone Marrow Transplants, Brazilian National Cancer Institute—INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (E.A.)
- Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Oncology, INCA, Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
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Cernera G, Minno AD, Elce A, Liguori R, Bruzzese D, Lullo AMD, Castaldo G, Amato F, Zarrilli F, Comegna M. Letter to the Editor: Is there an Indication for Testing the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C Variant in Routine Clinical Settings? Ann Clin Lab Sci 2021; 51:277-279. [PMID: 33941571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cernera
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II"
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II"
| | - Ausilia Elce
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
- Telematic University "Pegaso"
| | - Renato Liguori
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples "Parthenope"
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", and Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II,"Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Miriam Di Lullo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II,"Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II"
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
| | - Felice Amato
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II"
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
| | - Federica Zarrilli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II"
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
| | - Marika Comegna
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II"
- CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnologies
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15
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Murphy MSQ, Muldoon KA, Sheyholislami H, Behan N, Lamers Y, Rybak N, White RR, Harvey ALJ, Gaudet LM, Smith GN, Walker MC, Wen SW, MacFarlane AJ. Impact of high-dose folic acid supplementation in pregnancy on biomarkers of folate status and 1-carbon metabolism: An ancillary study of the Folic Acid Clinical Trial (FACT). Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:1361-1371. [PMID: 33675351 PMCID: PMC8106758 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation is recommended to prevent the occurrence of neural tube defects. Currently, most over-the-counter FA supplements in Canada and the United States contain 1 mg FA and some women are prescribed 5 mg FA/d. High-dose FA is hypothesized to impair 1-carbon metabolism. We aimed to determine folate and 1-carbon metabolism biomarkers in pregnant women exposed to 1 mg or 5 mg FA. OBJECTIVES This was an ancillary study within the Folic Acid Clinical Trial (FACT), a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase III trial designed to assess the efficacy of high-dose FA to prevent preeclampsia. METHODS For FACT, women were randomized at 8-16 gestational weeks to receive daily 4.0 mg FA (high dose) or placebo (low dose) plus their usual supplementation (≤1.1 mg). Women were recruited from 3 Canadian FACT centers and provided nonfasting blood samples at 24-26 gestational weeks for measurement of RBC and serum total folate, serum unmetabolized FA (UMFA), tetrahydrofolate (THF), 5-methylTHF, 5-formylTHF, 5,10-methenylTHF, and MeFox (pyrazino-s-triazine derivative of 4α-hydroxy-5-methylTHF, a 5-methylTHF oxidation product); total vitamins B-12 and B-6; and plasma total homocysteine. Group differences were determined using χ2, Fisher exact, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS Nineteen (38%) women received high-dose FA and 31 (62%) received low-dose FA. The median RBC folate concentration was 2701 (IQR: 2243-3032) nmol/L and did not differ between groups. The high-dose group had higher serum total folate (median: 148.4 nmol/L, IQR: 110.4-181.2; P = 0.007), UMFA (median: 4.6 nmol/L, IQR: 2.5-33.8; P = 0.008), and 5-methylTHF (median: 126.6 nmol/L, IQR: 98.8-158.6; P = 0.03) compared with the low-dose group (median: 122.8 nmol/L, IQR: 99.5-136.0; median: 1.9 nmol/L, IQR: 0.9-4.1; median: 108.6 nmol/L, IQR: 96.4-123.2, respectively). Other biomarkers of 1-carbon metabolism did not differ. CONCLUSIONS High-dose FA supplementation in early pregnancy increases maternal serum folate but not RBC folate concentrations, suggesting tissue saturation. Higher UMFA concentrations in women receiving high-dose FA supplements suggest that these doses are supraphysiologic but with no evidence of altered 1-carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia S Q Murphy
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine A Muldoon
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hauna Sheyholislami
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathalie Behan
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natalie Rybak
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruth Rennicks White
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alysha L J Harvey
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura M Gaudet
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graeme N Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark C Walker
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- BORN Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- OMNI Research Group, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Clark DF, Schmelz R, Rogers N, Smith NE, Shorter KR. Acute high folic acid treatment in SH-SY5Y cells with and without MTHFR function leads to gene expression changes in epigenetic modifying enzymes, changes in epigenetic marks, and changes in dendritic spine densities. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245005. [PMID: 33411826 PMCID: PMC7790414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics are known to be involved in various disorders, including neurobiological disorders like autism. Dietary factors such as folic acid can affect epigenetic marks using methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) to metabolize folic acid to a one-carbon methyl group. As MTHFR mutations are frequent, it is curious as to whether excess folic acid, with or without functioning MTHFR, could affect gene expression, epigenetics, and neuromorphology. Here, we investigated gene expression and activity of epigenetic modifying enzymes, genome-wide DNA methylation, histone 3 modifications, and dendritic spine densities in SH-SY5Y cells with or without a knockdown of MTHFR and with or without an excess of folic acid. We found alterations to gene expression of epigenetic modifying enzymes, including those associated with disorders like autism. Grouping the epigenetic modifying enzymes by function indicated that gene expression was widely affected for genes that code for enzymes affecting DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone methylation, histone phosphorylation, and histone ubiquitination when excess folic acid treatment occurred with or without the knockdown of MTHFR. MTHFR was significantly reduced upon excess folic acid treatment whether MTHFR was knocked-down or not. Further, methyl-CpG binding protein 2 expression was significantly decreased with excess folic acid treatment with and without proper MTHFR expression. Global DNA methylation decreased due to the knockdown alone while global hydroxymethylated DNA increased due to the knockdown alone. TET2 expression significantly increased with the MTHFR knockdown alone. Excess folic acid alone induced a decrease in TET3 expression. Excess folic acid induced an increase in dendritic spines without the MTHFR knockdown, but folic acid induced a decrease in dendritic spines when MTHFR was knocked-down. The knockdown alone also increased the dendritic spines significantly. Histone 3 acetylation at lysine 18 was significantly increased when excess folic acid was applied to cells with the MTHFR knockdown, as was histone 3 phosphorylation at serine 10. Broadly, our results indicate that excess folic acid, even with functioning MTHFR, could have detrimental effects on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Clark
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rachael Schmelz
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nicole Rogers
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nuri E. Smith
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kimberly R. Shorter
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Feng W, Zhang Y, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Liu M, Huang Y, Xiao Y, Mo W, Jiao J, Wang X, Tian D, Yang L, Ma Y. Association of three missense mutations in the homocysteine-related MTHFR and MTRR gene with risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Southern Chinese women. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:5. [PMID: 33407572 PMCID: PMC7789417 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology between homocysteine and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unclear. In humans, the level of homocysteine is mainly affected by two enzymes: methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR). While the activity of these two enzymes is mainly affected by three missense mutations, namely C677T (MTHFR), A1298C (MTHFR), and A66G (MTRR). This study aims to examine the association between the three missense mutations and PCOS and investigate whether the three missense mutations exerted their effect on PCOS by affecting the homocysteine level. METHODS A case-control study was designed, comprising 150 people with PCOS and 300 controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the three missense mutations and PCOS. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the three missense mutations and the homocysteine level. Mediation analysis was used to investigate whether the three missense mutations exerted their effect on PCOS by affecting the homocysteine level. RESULTS Following adjustments and multiple rounds of testing, MTHFR A1298C was found to be significantly associated with PCOS in a dose-dependent manner (compared to AA, OR = 2.142 for AC & OR = 3.755 for CC; P < 0.001). MTRR A66G was nominally associated with PCOS. Mutations in MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G were significantly associated with the homocysteine level. Mediation analysis suggested the effect of MTHFR A1298C on PCOS was mediated by homocysteine. CONCLUSIONS MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G were associated with PCOS, and MTHFR A1298C might affect the risk of PCOS by influencing the homocysteine level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqin Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, 510280, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, 510280, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan People's Hospital, 523000, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanling Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Mo
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, 510280, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Jiao
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, 510280, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Tian
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Emergency, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.253, Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, 510280, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Bhatia M, Thakur J, Suyal S, Oniel R, Chakraborty R, Pradhan S, Sharma M, Sengupta S, Laxman S, Masakapalli SK, Bachhawat AK. Allosteric inhibition of MTHFR prevents futile SAM cycling and maintains nucleotide pools in one-carbon metabolism. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16037-16057. [PMID: 32934008 PMCID: PMC7681022 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) links the folate cycle to the methionine cycle in one-carbon metabolism. The enzyme is known to be allosterically inhibited by SAM for decades, but the importance of this regulatory control to one-carbon metabolism has never been adequately understood. To shed light on this issue, we exchanged selected amino acid residues in a highly conserved stretch within the regulatory region of yeast MTHFR to create a series of feedback-insensitive, deregulated mutants. These were exploited to investigate the impact of defective allosteric regulation on one-carbon metabolism. We observed a strong growth defect in the presence of methionine. Biochemical and metabolite analysis revealed that both the folate and methionine cycles were affected in these mutants, as was the transsulfuration pathway, leading also to a disruption in redox homeostasis. The major consequences, however, appeared to be in the depletion of nucleotides. 13C isotope labeling and metabolic studies revealed that the deregulated MTHFR cells undergo continuous transmethylation of homocysteine by methyltetrahydrofolate (CH3THF) to form methionine. This reaction also drives SAM formation and further depletes ATP reserves. SAM was then cycled back to methionine, leading to futile cycles of SAM synthesis and recycling and explaining the necessity for MTHFR to be regulated by SAM. The study has yielded valuable new insights into the regulation of one-carbon metabolism, and the mutants appear as powerful new tools to further dissect out the intersection of one-carbon metabolism with various pathways both in yeasts and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Bhatia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Jyotika Thakur
- BioX Center, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shradha Suyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Ruchika Oniel
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Rahul Chakraborty
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Pradhan
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Shyam Kumar Masakapalli
- BioX Center, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Kumar Bachhawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India.
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Chang X, Guo Y, Su L, Zhang Y, Hui W, Zhao H, Hu R, Sun W. Influence of MTHFR C677T Polymorphism on High-Dose Methotrexate-Related Toxicity in Patients With Primary Central Nervous System Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2020; 21:91-96. [PMID: 33069634 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL) is a relatively rare and aggressive neoplasm. High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is an effective regimen for the treatment of PCNS-DLBCL, but MTX-related toxicity remains a problem. The aim of this analysis study was to investigate the influence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism on HD-MTX-related toxicity in patients with PCNS-DLBCL. MATERIAL/METHODS A prospective, observational study was conducted to analyze 148 MTX courses in 32 patients with PCNS-DLBCL. RESULTS The delayed MTX clearance was observed in 53 cycles (35.8%). The patients carrying the homozygous variant genotype had a higher risk of developing nephrotoxicity than those carrying the wild-type genotype (odds ratio [OR] 13.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65-103.86; P = .002) or heterozygous variant genotype (OR 8.43; 95% CI, 2.31-30.70; P < .001). Significant differences were observed in hepatotoxicity (OR 9.33; 95% CI, 2.54-34.27; P < .001) and hematologic toxicity (OR 3.09; 95% CI, 1.18-8.07; P = .024) in addition to nephrotoxicity between the homozygous variant genotype and the wild-type genotype. CONCLUSION The homozygous mutation of C to T at nucleotide 677 increases the risk on HD-MTX-related toxicity. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism can be used to predict HD-MTX-related toxicity for patients with PCNS-DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chang
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yixian Guo
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yunxiu Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wuhan Hui
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wanling Sun
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Abstract
To evaluate the association between gene polymorphisms of MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and MTRR (A66G), and the recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) risk in Asia.Related case-control studies were collected, selected, and screened. A meta-analysis was conducted by Stata 12.0 software to assess the association between polymorphisms of target genes and RSA.Altogether 30 studies examining the relationship between genetic polymorphism of folate metabolism and RSA risk were included, among which 20 studies were related to MTHFR C677T, 11 to MTHFR A1298C and 6 to MTRR A66G. The studies suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism was closely connected with RSA risk under all models (P < .05). Furthermore according to the subgroup analysis of ethnicity, the correlation between C677T polymorphism and RSA was stronger in north of China when compared with south of China and other Asian countries (P > . 05). For MTHFR A1298C, it was closely related to RSA risk in all gene models except for (AC vs AA) (P < .05). However, when it comes to MTRR A66G, there was no significant correlation between gene A66G polymorphism and RSA risk except for the additive gene model (G vs A) (P < .05).The present evidence shows that the correlation between gene polymorphisms and RSA risk can be found in MTHFR C677T, A1298C (except for heterozygote model) and MTRR A66G (only in additive genotypes), and the detection of the correlated gene polymorphisms mentioned above is of certain guiding significance for preventing RSA and screening high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhao
- Department of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin
| | - Yang Zhao
- Hebei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang
| | - Yunlu Ping
- Department of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoling Feng
- Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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21
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Zhang S, Zheng F, Zhang L, Huang Z, Huang X, Pan Z, Chen S, Xu C, Jiang Y, Gu S, Zhao C, Zhang Q, Shi G. LncRNA HOTAIR-mediated MTHFR methylation inhibits 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in esophageal cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:131. [PMID: 32653028 PMCID: PMC7353690 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) represents one of the most aggressive digestive neoplasms globally, with marked geographical variations in morbidity and mortality. Chemoprevention is a promising approach for cancer therapy, while acquired chemoresistance is a major obstacle impeding the success of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy in EC, with the mechanisms underlying resistance not well-understood. In the present study, we focus on exploring the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR in EC progression and sensitivity of EC cells to 5-FU. METHODS Paired cancerous and pre-cancerous tissues surgically resected from EC patients were collected in this study. Promoter methylation of the MTHFR was assessed by methylation-specific PCR. RIP and ChIP assays were adopted to examine the interaction of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) with lncRNA HOTAIR and MTHFR, respectively. EC cells resistant to 5-FU were induced by step-wise continuous increasing concentrations of 5-FU. The sensitivity of EC cells to 5-FU in vivo was evaluated in nude mice treated with xenografts of EC cells followed by injection with 5-FU (i.p.). RESULTS We found reciprocal expression patterns of lncRNA HOTAIR and MTHFR in EC tissues and human EC cells. Interference with lncRNA HOTAIR enhanced 5-FU-induced apoptosis, exhibited anti-proliferative activity, and reduced promoter methylation of the MTHFR in EC cells. Besides, overexpression of MTHFR attenuated the acquired chemoresistance induced by overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR in EC cells. At last, enhanced chemosensitivity was observed in vivo once nude mice xenografted with lncRNA HOTAIR-depleted EC cells. CONCLUSION Together, our study proposes that pharmacologic targeting of lncRNA HOTAIR sensitizes EC cells to 5-FU-based chemotherapy by attenuating the promoter hypermethylation of the MTHFR in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Fuchun Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Information Section, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515031, P.R. China
| | - Zuojun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515031, P.R. China
| | - Shuyi Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Chengkuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Qiuzhen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China.
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Cosín-Tomás M, Luan Y, Leclerc D, Malysheva OV, Lauzon N, Bahous RH, Christensen KE, Caudill MA, Rozen R. Moderate Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnant Mice Results in Behavioral Alterations in Offspring with Sex-Specific Changes in Methyl Metabolism. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061716. [PMID: 32521649 PMCID: PMC7352339 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifteen to 20% of pregnant women may exceed the recommended intake of folic acid (FA) by more than four-fold. This excess could compromise neurocognitive and motor development in offspring. Here, we explored the impact of an FA-supplemented diet (5× FASD, containing five-fold higher FA than recommended) during pregnancy on brain function in murine offspring, and elucidated mechanistic changes. We placed female C57BL/6 mice for one month on control diets or 5× FASD before mating. Diets were maintained throughout pregnancy and lactation. Behavioural tests were conducted on 3-week-old pups. Pups and mothers were sacrificed at weaning. Brains and livers were collected to examine choline/methyl metabolites and immunoreactive methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). 5× FASD led to hyperactivity-like behavior and memory impairment in 3-week-old pups of both sexes. Reduced MTHFR protein in the livers of FASD mothers and male pups resulted in choline/methyl metabolite disruptions in offspring liver (decreased betaine) and brain (decreased glycerophosphocholine and sphingomyelin in male pups, and decreased phosphatidylcholine in both sexes). These results indicate that moderate folate supplementation downregulates MTHFR and alters choline/methyl metabolism, contributing to neurobehavioral alterations. Our findings support the negative impact of high FA on brain development, and may lead to improved guidelines on optimal folate levels during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cosín-Tomás
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
| | - Yan Luan
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
| | - Daniel Leclerc
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
| | - Olga V. Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (O.V.M.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Nidia Lauzon
- Drug Discovery Platform, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Renata H. Bahous
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
| | - Karen E. Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
| | - Marie A. Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (O.V.M.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (M.C.-T.); (Y.L.); (D.L.); (R.H.B.); (K.E.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +15-14934-1934 (ext. 23839)
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23
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Sgarra L, Bortone AS, Potenza MA, Nacci C, De Salvia MA, Acquaviva T, De Cillis E, Ciccone MM, Grimaldi M, Montagnani M. Endothelial Dysfunction May Link Interatrial Septal Abnormalities and MTHFR-Inherited Defects to Cryptogenic Stroke Predisposition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060861. [PMID: 32512924 PMCID: PMC7355772 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the significance of the L-Arginine/asymmetric dimethylarginine (L-Arg/ADMA) ratio as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction in stroke patients. To this aim, we evaluated the correlation, in terms of severity, between the degree of endothelial dysfunction (by L-Arg/ADMA ratio), the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype, and the interatrial septum (IAS) phenotype in subject with a history of stroke. Methods and Results: L-Arg, ADMA, and MTHFR genotypes were evaluated; the IAS phenotype was assessed by transesophageal echocardiography. Patients were grouped according to the severity of IAS defects and the residual enzymatic activity of MTHFR-mutated variants, and values of L-Arg/ADMA ratio were measured in each subgroup. Of 57 patients, 10 had a septum integrum (SI), 38 a patent foramen ovale (PFO), and 9 an ostium secundum (OS). The L-Arg/ADMA ratio differed across septum phenotypes (p ≤ 0.01), and was higher in SI than in PFO or OS patients (p ≤ 0.05, p ≤ 0.01, respectively). In the PFO subgroup a negative correlation was found between the L-Arg/ADMA ratio and PFO tunnel length/height ratio (p ≤ 0.05; r = − 0.37; R2 = 0.14). Interestingly, the L-Arg/ADMA ratio varied across MTHFR genotypes (p ≤ 0.0001) and was lower in subgroups carrying the most impaired enzyme with respect to patients carrying the conservative MTHFR (p ≤ 0.0001, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). Consistently, OS patients carried the most dysfunctional MTHFR genotypes, whereas SI patients the least ones. Conclusions: A low L-Arg/ADMA ratio correlates with impaired activity of MTHFR and with the jeopardized IAS phenotype along a severity spectrum encompassing OS, PFO with long/tight tunnel, PFO with short/large tunnel, and SI. This infers that genetic MTHFR defects may underlie endothelial dysfunction-related IAS abnormalities, and predispose to a cryptogenic stroke. Our findings emphasize the role of the L-Arg/ADMA ratio as a reliable marker of stroke susceptibility in carriers of IAS abnormalities, and suggest its potential use both as a diagnostic tool and as a decision aid for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sgarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (M.A.P.); (C.N.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Alessandro Santo Bortone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation—Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.S.B.); (T.A.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Maria Assunta Potenza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (M.A.P.); (C.N.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Carmela Nacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (M.A.P.); (C.N.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Maria Antonietta De Salvia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (M.A.P.); (C.N.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Tommaso Acquaviva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation—Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.S.B.); (T.A.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Emanuela De Cillis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation—Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.S.B.); (T.A.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Marco Matteo Ciccone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation—Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.S.B.); (T.A.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Massimo Grimaldi
- General Hospital “F. Miulli” Acquaviva delle Fonti, 70021 Bari, Italy;
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (M.A.P.); (C.N.); (M.A.D.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Recber T, Orgul G, Aydın E, Tanacan A, Nemutlu E, Kır S, Beksac MS. Metabolic infrastructure of pregnant women with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms: A metabolomic analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4842. [PMID: 32267539 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the altered metabolic infrastructure of pregnant women with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms at first trimester and during delivery. Eight singleton pregnant women with MTHFR polymorphisms were compared with 10 normal pregnant women. Maternal blood samples were obtained twice during their pregnancy period (between the 11th and 14th gestational weeks and during delivery). Metabolomic analysis was performed using GC-MS. The GC-MS based metabolomic profile helped identify 95 metabolites in the plasma samples. In the MTHFR group, the levels of 1-monohexadecanoylglycerol, pyrophosphate, benzoin, and linoleic acid significantly decreased (P ˂ 0.05 for all), whereas the levels of glyceric acid, l-tryptophan, l-alanine, l-proline, norvaline, l-threonine, and myo-inositol significantly increased (P ˂ 0.01 for the first two metabolites, P ˂ 0.05 for the others) at 11-14 gestational weeks. Conversely, the levels of benzoin, 1-monohexadecanoylglycerol, pyruvic acid, l-proline, phosphoric acid, epsilon-caprolactam, and pipecolic acid significantly decreased in the MTHFR group, whereas metabolites such as hexadecanoic acid and 2-hydroxybutyric acid increased significantly in the study group during delivery. An impaired energy metabolism pathway, vitamin B complex disorders, tendency for metabolic acidosis (oxidative stress), and the need for cell/tissue support seem prevalent in pregnancies with MTHFR polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Recber
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Orgul
- Division of Perinatology, Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Aydın
- Division of Perinatology, Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sedef Kır
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Imani MM, Golchin N, Safaei M, Rezaei F, Abbasi H, Sadeghi M, Lopez-Jornet P, Mozaffari HR, Sharifi R. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism is not associated with the risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate: An updated meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1531. [PMID: 32001764 PMCID: PMC6992667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors affect the risk of orofacial clefts. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate (NSCL/P) in cases-control studies. The PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to April 2019 with no restrictions. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in all analyses were calculated by Review Manager 5.3 software. The funnel plot analysis was carried out by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were performed for the pooled analyses. Thirty-one studies reviewed in this meta-analysis included 4710 NSCL/P patients and 7271 controls. There was no significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and NSCL/P susceptibility related to allelic model (OR = 1.04; P = 0.49), homozygote model (OR = 1.11; P = 0.35), heterozygote model (OR = 0.99; P = 0.91), dominant model (OR = 1.00; P = 0.96), or recessive model (OR = 1.08; P = 0.23). There was no significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and NSCL/P susceptibility based on the ethnicity or the source of cases. There was a significant linear relationship between the year of publication and log ORs for the allele model. The results of the present meta-analysis failed to show an association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and NSCL/P susceptibility. The subgroup analyses based on the ethnicity and the source of cases further confirmed this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moslem Imani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Negin Golchin
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6715847141, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Farzad Rezaei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Hooshyar Abbasi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415185, Iran.
| | - Pia Lopez-Jornet
- Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia Universidad de Murcia, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Clinica Odontologic Adv Marques Velez s/n, 30008, Murcia, Spain
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
| | - Roohollah Sharifi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6713954658, Iran
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Fila M, Chojnacki C, Chojnacki J, Blasiak J. Is an "Epigenetic Diet" for Migraines Justified? The Case of Folate and DNA Methylation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112763. [PMID: 31739474 PMCID: PMC6893742 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraines are a common disease with limited treatment options and some dietary factors are recognized to trigger headaches. Although migraine pathogenesis is not completely known, aberrant DNA methylation has been reported to be associated with its occurrence. Folate, an essential micronutrient involved in one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation, was shown to have beneficial effects on migraines. Moreover, the variability of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, important in both folate metabolism and migraine pathogenesis, modulates the beneficial effects of folate for migraines. Therefore, migraine could be targeted by a folate-rich, DNA methylation-directed diet, but there are no data showing that beneficial effects of folate consumption result from its epigenetic action. Furthermore, contrary to epigenetic drugs, epigenetic diets contain many compounds, some yet unidentified, with poorly known or completely unknown potential to interfere with the epigenetic action of the main dietary components. The application of epigenetic diets for migraines and other diseases requires its personalization to the epigenetic profile of a patient, which is largely unknown. Results obtained so far do not warrant the recommendation of any epigenetic diet as effective in migraine prevention and therapy. Further studies including a folate-rich diet fortified with valproic acid, another modifier of epigenetic profile effective in migraine prophylaxis, may help to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fila
- Department of Neurology, Polish Mother Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426-354-334
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Poorang S, Abdollahi S, Anvar Z, Tabei SMB, Jahromi BN, Moein-Vaziri N, Gharesi-Fard B, Banaei M, Dastgheib SA. The Impact of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Sperm Methylation and Variants on Semen Parameters and the Chance of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in the Couple. Clin Lab 2019; 64:1121-1128. [PMID: 30146842 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2018.171231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) defined as three or more consecutive spontaneous miscarriages before the 20th week of gestation is caused by different factors including genetic and epigenetic background. However the involvement of paternal background on RPL is an interesting novel argument, which is not well studied. The main focus of the present study was to investigate for the association of paternal methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) epigenotypes with sperm parameters and RPL. Moreover, the frequency of two of MTHFR Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in males was assessed. METHODS This is a case-control study. Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) was used to evaluate the methylation status of MTHFR promoter on sperm DNA of 25 male partners of RPL and 25 male partners of non-RPL couples. PCR-RFLP method was used to analyze 1,298 A>C (rs1801131) and 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphisms. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in frequency of methylated MTHFR epigenotype between RPL and non-RPL males. Furthermore, methylated MTHFR epigenotype was more frequent (but not statistically significant) among men with abnormal sperm parameters compared to normal-sperm men. Among studied polymorphisms, only the mutated allele of C677T showed statistically higher prevalence among RPL males. CONCLUSIONS Although our results do not establish any connection between MTHFR epigenotypes and RPL they do highlight the impact of C677T in the pathology.
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Troesch B, Demmelmair J, Gimpfl M, Hecht C, Lakovic G, Roehle R, Sipka L, Trisic B, Vusurovic M, Schoop R, Zdjelar S, Koletzko B. Suitability and safety of L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate as a folate source in infant formula: A randomized-controlled trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216790. [PMID: 31425504 PMCID: PMC6699731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate is the predominant folate form in human milk but is currently not approved as a folate source for infant and follow-on formula. We aimed to assess the suitability of L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate as a folate source for infants. Growth and tolerance in healthy term infants fed formulae containing equimolar doses of L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (10.4 μg/ 100 ml, n = 120, intervention group) or folic acid (10.0 μg/ 100 ml, n = 120, control group) was assessed in a randomized, double-blind, parallel, controlled trial. A reference group of breastfed infants was followed. Both formulae were well accepted without differences in tolerance or occurrence of adverse events. The most common adverse events were common cold, poor weight gain or growth, rash, eczema, or dry skin and respiratory tract infection. Weight gain (the primary outcome) was equivalent in the two groups (95% CI -2.11; 1.68 g/d). In line with this, there was only a small difference in absolute body weight adjusted for birth weight and sex at visit 4 (95% CI -235; 135 g). Equivalence was also shown for gain in head circumference but not for recumbent length gain and increase in calorie intake. Given the nature of the test, this does not indicate an actual difference, and adjusted means at visit 4 were not significantly different for any of these parameters. Infants receiving formula containing L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate had lower mean plasma levels of unmetabolized folic acid (intervention: 0.73 nmol/L, control: 1.15 nmol/L, p<0.0001) and higher levels of red cell folate (intervention: 907.0 ±192.8 nmol/L, control: 839.4 ±142.4 nmol/L, p = 0.0095). We conclude that L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate is suitable for use in infant and follow-on formula, and there are no indications of untoward effects. Trial registration: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02437721).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johann Demmelmair
- LMU -Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Goran Lakovic
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert Roehle
- Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, KKS Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ljilja Sipka
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Milica Vusurovic
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Sznezana Zdjelar
- Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- LMU -Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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29
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Coppedè F, Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Gallo R, Nicolì V, Migliore L. Association of Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism with MTHFR Methylation Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3754. [PMID: 31370354 PMCID: PMC6696388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a pivotal enzyme in the one-carbon metabolism, a metabolic pathway required for DNA synthesis and methylation reactions. MTHFR hypermethylation, resulting in reduced gene expression, can contribute to several human disorders, but little is still known about the factors that regulate MTHFR methylation levels. We performed the present study to investigate if common polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism genes contribute to MTHFR methylation levels. MTHFR methylation was assessed in peripheral blood DNA samples from 206 healthy subjects with methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM); genotyping was performed for MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) and 1298A>C (rs1801131), MTRR 66A>G (rs1801394), MTR 2756A>G (rs1805087), SLC19A1 (RFC1) 80G>A (rs1051266), TYMS 28-bp tandem repeats (rs34743033) and 1494 6-bp ins/del (rs34489327), DNMT3A -448A>G (rs1550117), and DNMT3B -149C>T (rs2424913) polymorphisms. We observed a statistically significant effect of the DNMT3B -149C>T polymorphism on mean MTHFR methylation levels, and particularly CT and TT carriers showed increased methylation levels than CC carriers. The present study revealed an association between a functional polymorphism of DNMT3B and MTHFR methylation levels that could be of relevance in those disorders, such as inborn defects, metabolic disorders and cancer, that have been linked to impaired DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Gallo
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Doctoral School in Genetics, Oncology and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolì
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Doctoral School in Genetics, Oncology and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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30
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Huemer M, Diodato D, Martinelli D, Olivieri G, Blom H, Gleich F, Kölker S, Kožich V, Morris AA, Seifert B, Froese DS, Baumgartner MR, Dionisi-Vici C, Martin CA, Baethmann M, Ballhausen D, Blasco-Alonso J, Boy N, Bueno M, Burgos Peláez R, Cerone R, Chabrol B, Chapman KA, Couce ML, Crushell E, Dalmau Serra J, Diogo L, Ficicioglu C, García Jimenez MC, García Silva MT, Gaspar AM, Gautschi M, González-Lamuño D, Gouveia S, Grünewald S, Hendriksz C, Janssen MCH, Jesina P, Koch J, Konstantopoulou V, Lavigne C, Lund AM, Martins EG, Meavilla Olivas S, Mention K, Mochel F, Mundy H, Murphy E, Paquay S, Pedrón-Giner C, Ruiz Gómez MA, Santra S, Schiff M, Schwartz IV, Scholl-Bürgi S, Servais A, Skouma A, Tran C, Vives Piñera I, Walter J, Weisfeld-Adams J. Phenotype, treatment practice and outcome in the cobalamin-dependent remethylation disorders and MTHFR deficiency: Data from the E-HOD registry. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:333-352. [PMID: 30773687 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the clinical presentation, course, treatment and impact of early treatment in patients with remethylation disorders from the European Network and Registry for Homocystinurias and Methylation Defects (E-HOD) international web-based registry. RESULTS This review comprises 238 patients (cobalamin C defect n = 161; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency n = 50; cobalamin G defect n = 11; cobalamin E defect n = 10; cobalamin D defect n = 5; and cobalamin J defect n = 1) from 47 centres for whom the E-HOD registry includes, as a minimum, data on medical history and enrolment visit. The duration of observation was 127 patient years. In 181 clinically diagnosed patients, the median age at presentation was 30 days (range 1 day to 42 years) and the median age at diagnosis was 3.7 months (range 3 days to 56 years). Seventy-five percent of pre-clinically diagnosed patients with cobalamin C disease became symptomatic within the first 15 days of life. Total homocysteine (tHcy), amino acids and urinary methylmalonic acid (MMA) were the most frequently assessed disease markers; confirmatory diagnostics were mainly molecular genetic studies. Remethylation disorders are multisystem diseases dominated by neurological and eye disease and failure to thrive. In this cohort, mortality, thromboembolic, psychiatric and renal disease were rarer than reported elsewhere. Early treatment correlates with lower overall morbidity but is less effective in preventing eye disease and cognitive impairment. The wide variation in treatment hampers the evaluation of particular therapeutic modalities. CONCLUSION Treatment improves the clinical course of remethylation disorders and reduces morbidity, especially if started early, but neurocognitive and eye symptoms are less responsive. Current treatment is highly variable. This study has the inevitable limitations of a retrospective, registry-based design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Huemer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatrics, Landeskrankenhaus Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Daria Diodato
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Olivieri
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Henk Blom
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Gleich
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viktor Kožich
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Willink Metabolic Unit, Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Burkhardt Seifert
- Department of Biostatistics at Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Martina Baethmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Klinikum Dritter Orden München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Center for Molecular Diseases, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Javier Blasco-Alonso
- Sección de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nikolas Boy
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Bueno
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa Burgos Peláez
- Nutritional Support Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Cerone
- University Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Brigitte Chabrol
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU La Timone Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Kimberly A Chapman
- Children's National Rare Disease Institute, Genetics and Metabolism, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Luz Couce
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Service of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsHospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, CIBERER, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ellen Crushell
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jaime Dalmau Serra
- Unidad de Nutrición y Metabolopatías, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luisa Diogo
- Centro de Referência de Doencas Hereditárias do Metabolismo. Centro de Desenvolvimento da Criança - Hospital Pediátrico - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário De Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Matthias Gautschi
- Interdisciplinary Metabolic Team, Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital and University Institute of Clinical Chemistry Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Domingo González-Lamuño
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Sofia Gouveia
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Service of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsHospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, CIBERER, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stephanie Grünewald
- Institute for Child HealthGreat Ormond Street Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pavel Jesina
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Johannes Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken and Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Christian Lavigne
- Médecine Interne et Maladies Vasculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Angers, Angers, France
| | - Allan M Lund
- Centre Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Departments of Clinical Genetics and Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esmeralda G Martins
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Silvia Meavilla Olivas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fanny Mochel
- Reference Center for Adult Neurometabolic Diseases, University Pierre and Marie Curie, La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Helen Mundy
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Elaine Murphy
- Charles Dent Metabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Paquay
- Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic diseases department, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Consuelo Pedrón-Giner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Saikat Santra
- Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, University Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité and INSERM U1141, Paris, France
| | - Ida Vanessa Schwartz
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Clinic for Pediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic Disorders Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Aude Servais
- Nephrology Department, Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anastasia Skouma
- Agia Sofia Children's Hospital 1st Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Thivon & Levadias, Athens, Greece
| | - Christel Tran
- Center for Molecular Diseases, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - John Walter
- Willink Metabolic Unit, Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - James Weisfeld-Adams
- Inherited Metabolic Diseases Clinic, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
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Chen L, Yao S, Chen T, Tao Q, Xie X, Xiao X, Ding D, He Q, He J. Coexpression of Methyltransferase Gene dmt50 and Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Increases Arabidopsis thaliana Dicamba Resistance. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:1443-1452. [PMID: 30653319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dicamba, a broad-spectrum and highly efficient herbicide, is an excellent target herbicide for the engineering of herbicide-resistant crops. In this study, a new tetrahydrofolate (THF)-dependent dicamba methyltransferase gene, dmt50, was cloned from the dicamba-degrading strain Rhizorhabdus dicambivorans Ndbn-20. Dmt50 catalyzed the methyl transfer from dicamba to THF, generating the herbicidally inactive product 3,6-dichlorosalicylic acid (3,6-DCSA) and 5-methyl-THF. A dmt50 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana clearly showed dicamba resistance (560 g/ha, the normal field application rate). However, Dmt50 demethylation activity was inhibited by the product 5-methyl-THF. Mthfr66, encoded by the 5,10-methylene-THF reductase gene mthfr66 could relieve the inhibition by removing 5-methyl-THF in vitro. Compared with expression of dmt50 alone, simultaneous expression of dmt50 and mthfr66 further improved the dicamba resistance (1120 g/ha) of transgenic A. thaliana. This study provides new genes for dicamba detoxification and a strategy for the engineering of dicamba-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Shigang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Qin Tao
- Beijing DBN Biotech Company, Limited , Beijing 100080 , P. R. China
| | - Xiangting Xie
- Beijing DBN Biotech Company, Limited , Beijing 100080 , P. R. China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Beijing DBN Biotech Company, Limited , Beijing 100080 , P. R. China
| | - Derong Ding
- Beijing DBN Biotech Company, Limited , Beijing 100080 , P. R. China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
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32
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Keller R, Chrastina P, Pavlíková M, Gouveia S, Ribes A, Kölker S, Blom HJ, Baumgartner MR, Bártl J, Dionisi-Vici C, Gleich F, Morris AA, Kožich V, Huemer M, Barić I, Ben-Omran T, Blasco-Alonso J, Bueno Delgado MA, Carducci C, Cassanello M, Cerone R, Couce ML, Crushell E, Delgado Pecellin C, Dulin E, Espada M, Ferino G, Fingerhut R, Garcia Jimenez I, Gonzalez Gallego I, González-Irazabal Y, Gramer G, Juan Fita MJ, Karg E, Klein J, Konstantopoulou V, la Marca G, Leão Teles E, Leuzzi V, Lilliu F, Lopez RM, Lund AM, Mayne P, Meavilla S, Moat SJ, Okun JG, Pasquini E, Pedron-Giner CC, Racz GZ, Ruiz Gomez MA, Vilarinho L, Yahyaoui R, Zerjav Tansek M, Zetterström RH, Zeyda M. Newborn screening for homocystinurias: Recent recommendations versus current practice. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:128-139. [PMID: 30740731 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess how the current practice of newborn screening (NBS) for homocystinurias compares with published recommendations. METHODS Twenty-two of 32 NBS programmes from 18 countries screened for at least one form of homocystinuria. Centres provided pseudonymised NBS data from patients with cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency (CBSD, n = 19), methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency (MATI/IIID, n = 28), combined remethylation disorder (cRMD, n = 56) and isolated remethylation disorder (iRMD), including methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency (MTHFRD) (n = 8). Markers and decision limits were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) to allow comparison between centres. RESULTS NBS programmes, algorithms and decision limits varied considerably. Only nine centres used the recommended second-tier marker total homocysteine (tHcy). The median decision limits of all centres were ≥ 2.35 for high and ≤ 0.44 MoM for low methionine, ≥ 1.95 for high and ≤ 0.47 MoM for low methionine/phenylalanine, ≥ 2.54 for high propionylcarnitine and ≥ 2.78 MoM for propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine. These decision limits alone had a 100%, 100%, 86% and 84% sensitivity for the detection of CBSD, MATI/IIID, iRMD and cRMD, respectively, but failed to detect six individuals with cRMD. To enhance sensitivity and decrease second-tier testing costs, we further adapted these decision limits using the data of 15 000 healthy newborns. CONCLUSIONS Due to the favorable outcome of early treated patients, NBS for homocystinurias is recommended. To improve NBS, decision limits should be revised considering the population median. Relevant markers should be combined; use of the postanalytical tools offered by the CLIR project (Collaborative Laboratory Integrated Reports, which considers, for example, birth weight and gestational age) is recommended. tHcy and methylmalonic acid should be implemented as second-tier markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Keller
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Petr Chrastina
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 2, 128 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Pavlíková
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 2, 128 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Charles University-Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sofía Gouveia
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, S. Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, CIBERER, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonia Ribes
- Division of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henk J Blom
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Josef Bártl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 2, 128 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Florian Gleich
- Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Viktor Kožich
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University-First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Ke Karlovu 2, 128 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Huemer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics, Landeskrankenhaus Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Ivo Barić
- School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb and University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tawfeq Ben-Omran
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Javier Blasco-Alonso
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria A Bueno Delgado
- Clinical Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Occidental Andalucia Newborn Screening Center, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Claudia Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Cassanello
- Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Cerone
- Regional Center for Neonatal Screening and Diagnosis of Metabolic Diseases, University Department of Pediatrics-Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Luz Couce
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, S. Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, CIBERER, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ellen Crushell
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carmen Delgado Pecellin
- Clinical Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Occidental Andalucia Newborn Screening Center, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Espada
- Clinical Chemistry Unit, Public Health Laboratory of Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Giulio Ferino
- Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Pediatric Hospital A. Cao, AOB Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Newborn Screening Laboratory, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yolanda González-Irazabal
- Unidad de Metabolopatias, Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gwendolyn Gramer
- Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Jesus Juan Fita
- Sección Metabolopatías Centro de Bioquímica y Genetica, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eszter Karg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jeanette Klein
- Newborn Screening Laboratory, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vassiliki Konstantopoulou
- Austrian Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, A. Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Leão Teles
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Pediatrics, San Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Lilliu
- Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Pediatric Hospital A. Cao, AOB Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Lopez
- Division of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Allan M Lund
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Departments of Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philip Mayne
- National Newborn Bloodspot Screening Laboratory, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvia Meavilla
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department, Metabolic Unit, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stuart J Moat
- Wales Newborn Screening Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Immunology & Toxicology and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Jürgen G Okun
- Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeta Pasquini
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Clinical Unit, Department of Neurosciences, A. Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Angeles Ruiz Gomez
- Clinical Lead in Metabolic Pediatric and Neurometabolic Diseases, Son Espases University Hospital, PalmaMallorca Unit, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Vilarinho
- Newborn Screening, Metabolism & Genetics Unit, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Yahyaoui
- Laboratory and Eastern Andalusia Newborn Screening Centre, Málaga Regional University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Moja Zerjav Tansek
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, UMC Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rolf H Zetterström
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Zeyda
- Austrian Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme for the critical process of one-carbon metabolism involving folate and homocysteine metabolisms. It is known that some polymorphism of MTHFR would result in reduction of MTHFR enzyme activity as well as DNA methylation process, later shown to have significant impacts in various psychiatric diseases. However, it is unclear whether the polymorphism of MTHFR could be an independent or an add-on risk factor for specific psychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, positive, or negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or acts as risk factor for specific psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, major depression, autisms, and bipolar disorders. It is also understudied on whether folate supplements could be an effective treatment for psychiatric patients with defect MTHFR activity. In this review, we not only gathered the most recent discoveries on MTHFR polymorphism and related DNA methylation in various psychiatric disorders, but also highlighted the potential relationships between MTHFR activity and implication of folate-related function in specific mental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wan
- Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Zuoli Sun
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yi He
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Rena Li
- Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University & Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China.
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China.
- Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, 34243, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Homocystinuria is a congenital metabolic disorder in which cystathionine β-synthase deficiency results in a prominent increase in homocysteine (serum levels > 100 μM), causing mental retardation, atherosclerotic cerebral infarction, and osteoporosis accompanied by fragility fractures. Encountering a case with excessive homocysteinemia such as that seen in hereditary homocystinuria is unlikely during usual medical examinations. However, in individuals who have vitamin B or folate deficiency, serum homocysteine concentrations are known to increase. These individuals may also have a polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR (C677T: TT type), which regulates homocysteine metabolism. These changes in homocysteine levels may elicit symptoms resembling those of homocystinuria (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis). RECENT FINDINGS High serum homocysteine has been shown to have detrimental effects on neural cells, vascular endothelial cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Homocysteine is also known to increase oxidative stress, disrupt cross-linking of collagen molecules, and increase levels of advanced glycation end products, which results in reduced bone strength through a mechanism that goes beyond low bone density and increased bone resorption. Therefore, high serum homocysteine may be regarded as a factor that can reduce both bone mass and impair bone quality. In this review, we outline the epidemiology and pathophysiology of osteoporosis associated with hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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35
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Yang HL, Yang YL, Yu CH, Shiao SPK. Meta-Prediction of MTHFR Gene Polymorphism and Air Pollution on the Risks of Congenital Heart Defects Worldwide: A Transgenerational Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15081660. [PMID: 30081597 PMCID: PMC6121605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in children, and is affected by genetic and environmental factors. To investigate the association of air pollution with methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and the risk of CHD, we included 58 study groups of children and parents, with 12,347 cases and 18,106 controls worldwide. Both MTHFR C677T (rs 1801133) and A1298C (rs 1801131) gene polymorphisms were risks for CHD in children with transgenerational effects from their parents. Countries with greater risks of CHD with a pooled risk ratio (RR) > 2 from MTHFR 677 polymorphisms included Germany, Portugal, China, and Egypt for children; and Brazil, Puerto Rico, Mexico, China, and Egypt for mothers. Whereas, countries with greater risk of CHD with RR > 2 from MTHFR 1298 polymorphisms included Taiwan, Turkey, and Egypt for children; and Brazil, China, and Egypt for mothers. Additionally, meta-prediction analysis revealed that the percentages of MTHFR 677TT and TT plus CT polymorphisms together were increased in countries with higher levels of air pollution, with a trend of increased CHD risks with higher levels of air pollution for children (p = 0.07). Our findings may have significant implications for inflammatory pathways in association with MTHFR polymorphisms and future intervention studies to correct for folate-related enzyme deficits resulted from MTHFR polymorphisms to prevent CHDs for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ling Yang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Yang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Chong Ho Yu
- Department of Psychology, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, USA.
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Wu Z, Ren H, Xiong W, Roje S, Liu Y, Su K, Fu C. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase modulates methyl metabolism and lignin monomer methylation in maize. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:3963-3973. [PMID: 29860438 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The brown midrib2 (bm2) mutant of maize, which has a modified lignin composition, contains a mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. Here, we show that a MITE transposon insertion caused down-regulation of MTHFR, with an accompanying decrease in 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate and an increase in 5, 10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate and tetrahydrofolate in the bm2 mutant. Furthermore, MTHFR mutation did not change the content of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), the methyl group donor involved in the biosynthesis of guaiacyl and syringyl lignins, but increased the level of S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH), the demethylation product of SAM. Moreover, competitive inhibition of the maize caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme activities by SAH was found, suggesting that the SAH/SAM ratio, rather than the concentration of SAM, regulates the transmethylation reactions of lignin intermediates. Phenolic profiling revealed that caffeoyl alcohol glucose derivatives accumulated in the bm2 mutant, indicating impaired 3-O-methylation of monolignols. A remarkable increase in the unusual catechyl lignin in the mutant demonstrates that MTHFR down-regulation mainly affects guaiacyl lignin biosynthesis, consistent with the observation that CCoAOMT is more sensitive to SAH inhibition than COMT. This study uncovered a novel regulatory mechanism in lignin biosynthesis, which may offer an effective approach to utilizing lignocellulosic feedstocks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Ren
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wangdan Xiong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Sanja Roje
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kunlong Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Ibrahim S, Maqbool S, Azam M, Iqbal MP, Qamar R. CBS mutations and MTFHR SNPs causative of hyperhomocysteinemia in Pakistani children. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:353-360. [PMID: 29600437 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Three index patients with hyperhomocysteinemia and ocular anomalies were screened for cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. Genotyping of hyperhomocysteinemia associated MTHFR polymorphisms C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131) was done by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Sanger sequencing was performed for CBS exonic sequences along with consensus splice sites. In the case of MTHFR polymorphisms, all the patients were heterozygous CT for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C677T and were therefore carriers of the risk allele (T), while the patients were homozygous CC for the risk genotype of the SNP A1298C. CBS sequencing resulted in the identification of two novel mutations, a missense change (c.467T>C; p.Leu156Pro) in exon 7 and an in-frame deletion (c.808_810del; p.Glu270del) in exon 10. In addition, a recurrent missense mutation (c.770C>T; p.Thr257Met) in exon 10 of the gene was also identified. The mutations were present homozygously in the patients and were inherited from the carrier parents. This is the first report from Pakistan where novel as well as recurrent CBS mutations causing hyperhomocysteinemia and lens dislocation in three patients from different families are being reported with the predicted effect of the risk allele of the MTHFR SNP in causing hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Maqbool
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Azam
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Qamar
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan.
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Al-Nafees Medical College & Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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38
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Banecka-Majkutewicz Z, Kadziński L, Grabowski M, Bloch S, Kaźmierkiewicz R, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J, Gabig-Cimińska M, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A, Banecki B. Evidence for interactions between homocysteine and genistein: insights into stroke risk and potential treatment. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1855-1860. [PMID: 28748495 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Elevated plasma homocysteine (2-amino-4-sulfanylbutanoic acid) level is a risk factor for stroke. Moreover, it has been suggested that high levels of homocysteine in the acute phase of an ischemic stroke can predict mortality, especially in stroke patients with the large-vessel atherosclerosis subtype. In clinical studies, supplementation with genistein (5, 7-dihydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one) decreased plasma homocysteine levels considerably. Therefore, genistein could be considered as a potential drug for prevention and/or treatment of stroke. However, the mechanism of the effect of genistein on homocysteine level remains to be elucidated. In this report, direct functional interactions between homocysteine and genistein are demonstrated in in vitro experimental systems for determination of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MetF) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, reconstructed with purified compounds, and in a simple in vivo system, based on measurement of growth rate of Vibrio harveyi and Bacillus subtilis cultures. Results of molecular modelling indicated that homocysteine can directly interact with genistein. Therefore, genistein-mediated decrease in plasma levels of homocysteine, and alleviation of biochemical and physiological effects of one of these compounds by another, might be ascribed to formation of homocysteine-genistein complexes in which biological activities of these molecules are abolished or alleviated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leszek Kadziński
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Grabowski
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bloch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rajmund Kaźmierkiewicz
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (affiliated with the University of Gdańsk), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (affiliated with the University of Gdańsk), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Banecki
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Jiménez-Ramírez FJ, Castro LM, Ortiz C, Concepción J, Renta JY, Morales-Borges RH, Miranda-Massari JR, Duconge J. Role of treatment-modifying MTHFR677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms in metformin-treated Puerto Rican patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2017; 32:23-32. [PMID: 28231061 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2016-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was conducted to investigate potential association between MTHFR genotypes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in Puerto Ricans with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with metformin. The prevalence of major MTHFR polymorphisms in this cohort was also ascertained. METHODS DNAs from 89 metformin-treated patients with T2DM and DPN were genotyped using the PCR-based RFLP assay for MTHFR677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms. Frequency distributions of these variants in the study cohort were compared to those reported for three reference populations (HapMap project) and controls (400 newborn specimens). Chi-square (or Fischer's exact) tests and odds ratios (OR) were used to assess association with DPN susceptibility risk (patients vs. controls) and biochemical markers (wild types vs. carriers). RESULTS Sixty-seven percent (67%) of participants carry at least one of these MTHFR polymorphisms. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected. The genotype and allele frequencies showed statistically significant differences between participants and controls (p<0.0001 and p=0.03, respectively). Results suggest that 1298A>C but not 677C>T is associated with DPN susceptibility in this cohort (p=0.018). Different patterns of allelic dissimilarities are observed when comparing our cohort vs. the three parental ancestries. After sorting individuals by their carrier status, no significant associations were observed between these genetic variants (independently or combined) and any of the biochemical markers (HbA1c, folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of major MTHFR variants in Puerto Rican patients with T2DM is first time ever reported. The study provides further evidence on the use of this genetic marker as an independent risk factor for DPN.
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Li X, Nai S, Ding Y, Geng Q, Zhu B, Yu K, Zhu WG, Dong MQ, Su XD, Xu X, Li J. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1)-dependent phosphorylation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) regulates replication via histone methylation. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1933-1942. [PMID: 28820331 PMCID: PMC5638376 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1363942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme regulating the folate cycle and its genetic variations have been associated with various human diseases. Previously we identified that MTHFR is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) at T34 and MTHFR underlies heterochromatin maintenance marked by H3K9me3 levels. Herein we demonstrate that pT34 creates a binding motif that docks MTHFR to the polo-binding domain (PBD) of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a fundamental kinase that orchestrates many cell cycle events. We show that PLK1 phosphorylates MTHFR at T549 in vitro and in vivo. Further, we uncovered a role of MTHFR in replication. First, MTHFR depletion increased the fraction of cells in S phase. This defect could not be rescued by siRNA resistant plasmids harboring T549A, but could be restored by overproduction of Suv4-20H2, the H4K20 methyltransferase. Moreover, siMTHFR attenuated H4K20me3 levels, which could be rescued by Suv4-20H2 overproduction. More importantly, we also investigated MTHFR-E429A, the protein product of an MTHFR single nucleotide variant. MTHFR-E429A overexpression also increased S phase cells and decreased H4K20me3 levels, and it is linked to a poor glioma prognosis in the Chinese population. Collectively, we have unveiled a vital role of PLK1-dependent phosphorylation of MTHFR in replication via histone methylation, and implicate folate metabolism with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Nai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehe Ding
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qizhi Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingtao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng-Qiu Dong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Su
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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Fernandes SP, Kvitko K, da Silva J, Rohr P, Bandinelli E, Kahl VF, Mai C, Brenner N, da Silva FR. Influence of vitamin intake and MTHFR polymorphism on the levels of DNA damage in tobacco farmers. Int J Occup Environ Health 2017; 23:311-318. [PMID: 30052162 PMCID: PMC6147114 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2018.1500796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic damage may occur spontaneously under normal metabolic circumstances, inadequate intake of nutrients, and excessive exposure to environmental mutagens. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of the intake of micronutrients vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate and of the polymorphism methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T on the induction of DNA damage in tobacco farmers. METHODS The study involved 66 men and 44 women engaged in tobacco cultivation in the region of Venâncio Aires (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil). Peripheral blood samples were collected to analyze DNA damage using the Comet assay, the micronucleus (MN) test and MTHFR C677T polymorphism. Dietary intake was evaluated based on the mean values obtained from three 24-h diet recall questionnaires, and nutrient intake data were computerized and estimated in the Food Processor SQL 10.9 program. The statistical tests used to generate the stated results were Kruskal-Wallis test, Exact Fisher's test, and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS DNA damage was significantly higher in individuals who had an inadequate intake of folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 (P < 0.01) assessed by Comet assay. In relation to MN test results, buccal cells showed MN frequency higher in individuals with inadequate intake of vitamin B6 (P < 0.01). No difference was observed in MN lymphocytes frequency. No significant association was detected between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and DNA damage in tobacco farmers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 deficiency may be associated with genotoxic effect in individuals exposed to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone P. Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Nutrition Department, Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis, Laureate International Universities, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Katia Kvitko
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rohr
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliane Bandinelli
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vivian F. Kahl
- Telomere Length Regulation Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Camila Mai
- School of Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathália Brenner
- School of Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R. da Silva
- Master’s Degree in Environmental Impact Evaluation, La Salle University, Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Paniz C, Bertinato JF, Lucena MR, De Carli E, Amorim PMDS, Gomes GW, Palchetti CZ, Figueiredo MS, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Green R, Guerra-Shinohara EM. A Daily Dose of 5 mg Folic Acid for 90 Days Is Associated with Increased Serum Unmetabolized Folic Acid and Reduced Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Healthy Brazilian Adults. J Nutr 2017; 147:1677-1685. [PMID: 28724658 PMCID: PMC5712455 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.247445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The effects of high-dose folic acid (FA) supplementation in healthy individuals on blood folate concentrations and immune response are unknown.Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of daily consumption of a tablet containing 5 mg FA on serum folate; number and cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells; mRNA expression of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), interferon γ (IFNG), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA), and interleukin 8 (IL8) genes; and concentrations of serum inflammatory markers.Methods: This prospective clinical trial was conducted in 30 healthy Brazilian adults (15 women), aged 27.7 y (95% CI: 26.4, 29.1 y), with a body mass index (in kg/m2) of 23.1 (95% CI: 22.0, 24.3). Blood was collected at baseline and after 45 and 90 d of the intervention. Serum folate concentrations were measured by microbiological assay and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry [folate forms, including unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA)]. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess mononuclear leukocyte mRNA expression and flow cytometry to measure the number and cytotoxicity of NK cells.Results: Serum folate concentrations increased by ∼5-fold after the intervention (P < 0.001), and UMFA concentrations increased by 11.9- and 5.9-fold at 45 and 90 d, respectively, when compared with baseline (P < 0.001). UMFA concentrations increased (>1.12 nmol/L) in 29 (96.6%) participants at day 45 and in 26 (86.7%) participants at day 90. We observed significant reductions in the number (P < 0.001) and cytotoxicity (P = 0.003) of NK cells after 45 and 90 d. Compared with baseline, DHFR mRNA expression was higher at 90 d (P = 0.006) and IL8 and TNFA mRNA expressions were higher at 45 and 90 d (P = 0.001 for both).Conclusion: This noncontrolled intervention showed that healthy adults responded to a high-dose FA supplement with increased UMFA concentrations, changes in cytokine mRNA expression, and reduced number and cytotoxicity of NK cells. This trial was registered at www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br as RBR-2pr7zp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Paniz
- Departments of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis and
| | | | - Maylla Rodrigues Lucena
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo De Carli
- Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Stella Figueiredo
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Zia Fazili
- National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA
| | - Elvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara
- Departments of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis and
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Steluti J, Carvalho AM, Carioca AAF, Miranda A, Gattás GJF, Fisberg RM, Marchioni DM. Genetic Variants Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism: Polymorphism Frequencies and Differences in Homocysteine Concentrations in the Folic Acid Fortification Era. Nutrients 2017; 9:E539. [PMID: 28587068 PMCID: PMC5490518 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate and other B vitamins are essential co-factors of one-carbon metabolism, and genetic variants, such as polymorphisms, can alter the metabolism. Furthermore, the adoption of food fortification with folic acid showed a decrease of homocysteine concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequencies of the polymorphisms of enzymes and carrier proteins involved in one-carbon metabolism, and to evaluate homocysteine concentrations in the presence of these genetic variants in a population exposed to mandatory food fortification with folic acid. Using data from a population-based cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil, the study population comprised 750 participants above 12 years of age of both genders. A linear regression model was used to evaluate the homocysteine concentrations according to genetic variants and folate level. The results showed that the minor allelic frequencies were 0.33 for MTHFR (rs1801133), 0.24 for MTHFR (rs1801131), 0.19 for MTR (rs1805087), 0.42 for MTRR (rs1801394), 0.46 for RFC1 (rs1051266), and 0.47 for DHFR (19-bp deletion). The genetic variants of MTHFR 677C>T, MTRR 66A>G and RFC-1 80G>A were different according to race. The homocysteine concentrations increased in the CT and TT compared to CC genotypes of polymorphism MTHFR 677C>T in all populations, and differences between the homocysteine concentrations according to the genotypes of MTHFR 677C>T were observed regardless of folate level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Steluti
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Aline M Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Antonio A F Carioca
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Andreia Miranda
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Gilka J F Gattás
- Department of Legal Medicine, Bioethics and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Dirce M Marchioni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sao Paulo University, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
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Chaudhary A, Desai U, Joshi JM. Venous thromboembolism due to hyperhomocysteinaemia and tuberculosis. Natl Med J India 2017; 30:139-141. [PMID: 28936998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An 18-year-old male presented to our hospital with complaints of episodic abdominal pain, dry cough and right pleuritic chest pain. He was diagnosed as a case of right tuberculous pleural effusion on the basis of the pleural fluid Genexpert report of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected sensitive to rifampicin and was started on antituberculous therapy. Forty-five days later, he presented with acute onset breathlessness, swelling of the right leg, streaky haemoptysis and a fresh left-sided pleural effusion. Evaluation revealed venous thromboembolism (right lower lobar segment pulmonary embolism with right leg deep vein thrombosis). Workup for malignancy was negative. However, he had vitamin B12 deficiency with increased homocysteine levels and heterozygous mutation of the MTHFR gene at A1298C. He was treated with optimal anticoagulation, vitamin B12 supplementation and antitubercular treatment. This is a rare combination of events perhaps related to the MTHFR gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Chaudhary
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, T.N. Medical College and B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai 400008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Unnati Desai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, T.N. Medical College and B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai 400008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyotsna M Joshi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, T.N. Medical College and B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai 400008, Maharashtra, India
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Jiao X, Luo Y, Yang B, Jing L, Li Y, Liu C, Jing X, Wang F, Wang Y, Du Z, Gao Y. The MTHFR C677T mutation is not a risk factor recognized for HBV-related HCC in a population with a high prevalence of this genetic marker. Infect Genet Evol 2017; 49:66-72. [PMID: 28082187 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene can affect disease progression in HBV infection. However, the results from different reports are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the outcome of HBV infection in a Tianjin Han population. METHODS TaqMan SNP genotyping was employed to determine the alleles and genotypes of MTHFR C677T in 2511 subjects from various stages of HBV infection and 549 healthy controls. RESULTS Of the 3060 subjects, the genotypic frequencies were CT 48.9%, TT 29.3% and CC 21.8%; the allelic frequencies were T 53.8% and C 46.2%. There was no significant difference in genotypic or allelic distribution among the different disease groups. When either healthy subjects or self-limited subjects were used as controls, the TT genotype and the T allele conferred protective effects against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HCC vs healthy subjects: OR=0.588, 95% CI=0.413-0.836, P=0.003; OR=0.768, 95% CI=0.645-0.915, P=0.003, respectively. HCC vs self-limited subjects: OR=0.598, 95% CI=0.404-0.886, P=0.010; OR=0.772, 95% CI=0.635-0.940, P=0.010, respectively). After sub-stratification by gender, the prevalence of the TT genotype or T allele was the lowest in the male HCC group (TT 23.5%, T 49.8%). The protective effects of the TT genotype and the T allele were observed in male HCC and cirrhotic subjects (HCC vs self-limited subjects: OR=0.470, 95% CI=0.288-0.766, P=0.002; OR=0.681, 95% CI=0.535-0.866, P=0.002, respectively. Liver cirrhosis vs self-limited subjects: OR=0.624, 95% CI=0.392-0.992, P=0.046; OR=0.791, 95% CI=0.627-0.998, P=0.048, respectively), but not in female. When the subjects were stratified according to the clinical features, no statistically significant difference in the genotypic distribution was observed (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The TT genotype and T allele of MTHFR C677T may confer a protective effect on disease progression to HCC in HBV-infected individuals, especially among male patients, in a population with a high prevalence of this genetic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Jiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Li Jing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yayue Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Changzheng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Xiang Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Zhi Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yingtang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Institute for Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China.
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Troesch B, Weber P, Mohajeri MH. Potential Links between Impaired One-Carbon Metabolism Due to Polymorphisms, Inadequate B-Vitamin Status, and the Development of Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2016; 8:E803. [PMID: 27973419 PMCID: PMC5188458 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia and no preventive or effective treatment has been established to date. The etiology of AD is poorly understood, but genetic and environmental factors seem to play a role in its onset and progression. In particular, factors affecting the one-carbon metabolism (OCM) are thought to be important and elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels, indicating impaired OCM, have been associated with AD. We aimed at evaluating the role of polymorphisms of key OCM enzymes in the etiology of AD, particularly when intakes of relevant B-vitamins are inadequate. Our review indicates that a range of compensatory mechanisms exist to maintain a metabolic balance. However, these become overwhelmed if the activity of more than one enzyme is reduced due to genetic factors or insufficient folate, riboflavin, vitamin B6 and/or vitamin B12 levels. Consequences include increased Hcy levels and reduced capacity to synthetize, methylate and repair DNA, and/or modulated neurotransmission. This seems to favor the development of hallmarks of AD particularly when combined with increased oxidative stress e.g., in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 carriers. However, as these effects can be compensated at least partially by adequate intakes of B-vitamins, achieving optimal B-vitamin status for the general population should be a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Troesch
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Wurmisweg 576, Kaiseraugst 4303, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Weber
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Wurmisweg 576, Kaiseraugst 4303, Switzerland.
| | - M Hasan Mohajeri
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Wurmisweg 576, Kaiseraugst 4303, Switzerland.
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McMahon A, McNulty H, Hughes CF, Strain JJ, Ward M. Novel Approaches to Investigate One-Carbon Metabolism and Related B-Vitamins in Blood Pressure. Nutrients 2016; 8:E720. [PMID: 27845713 PMCID: PMC5133106 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension, a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke, is the world's leading cause of preventable, premature death. A common polymorphism (677C→T) in the gene encoding the folate metabolizing enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is associated with increased blood pressure, and there is accumulating evidence demonstrating that this phenotype can be modulated, specifically in individuals with the MTHFR 677TT genotype, by the B-vitamin riboflavin, an essential co-factor for MTHFR. The underlying mechanism that links this polymorphism, and the related gene-nutrient interaction, with hypertension is currently unknown. Previous research has shown that 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the product of the reaction catalysed by MTHFR, appears to be a positive allosteric modulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and may thus increase the production of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator. Blood pressure follows a circadian pattern, peaking shortly after wakening and falling during the night, a phenomenon known as 'dipping'. Any deviation from this pattern, which can only be identified using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This review will consider the evidence linking this polymorphism and novel gene-nutrient interaction with hypertension and the potential mechanisms that might be involved. The role of ABPM in B-vitamin research and in nutrition research generally will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McMahon
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Helene McNulty
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - J J Strain
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Mary Ward
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
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Grabowski M, Banecki B, Kadziński L, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J, Gabig-Cimińska M, Węgrzyn A, Węgrzyn G, Banecka-Majkutewicz Z. The model homologue of the partially defective human 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, considered as a risk factor for stroke due to increased homocysteine level, can be protected and reactivated by heat shock proteins. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:1041-5. [PMID: 27234992 PMCID: PMC5031757 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The A222 V substitution in the human MTHFR gene product (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) is responsible for a decreased activity of this enzyme. This may cause an increased homocysteine level, considered as a risk factor for arteriosclerosis and stroke. The bacterial homologue of the human enzyme, MetF, has been found to be a useful model in genetic and biochemical studies. The similarity of Escherichia coli MetF and human MTHFR proteins is so high that particular mutations in the corresponding human gene can be reflected by the bacterial mutants. For example, the A222 V substitution in MTHFR (caused by the C667T substitution in the MTHFR gene) can be ascribed to the A117 V substitution in MetF. Here, it is reported that a temperature-sensitive MetF117 (A117 V) protein can be partially protected from a thermal inactivation by the heat shock proteins from the Hsp70/100 systems. Moreover, activity of the thermally denatured enzyme can be partially restored by the same heat shock proteins. High temperature protein G (HtpG) had no effect on MetF117 activity in both experimental systems. The presented results indicate that functions of heat shock proteins may be required for maintenance of the MetF117 function. This may have implications for the mechanisms of arteriosclerosis and stroke, especially in the light of previous findings that the A222 V MTHFR polymorphism may be a risk factor for stroke, as well as recently published results which demonstrated the increased levels of antibodies against heat shock proteins in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Grabowski
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80-822, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bogdan Banecki
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80-822, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Leszek Kadziński
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80-822, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (affiliated with the University of Gdańsk), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (affiliated with the University of Gdańsk), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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Grossi E, Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Migliore L, Coppedè F. Artificial Neural Networks Link One-Carbon Metabolism to Gene-Promoter Methylation in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 53:1517-22. [PMID: 27392858 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in DNA methylation studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is still known concerning the relationship between gene-promoter methylation and circulating biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism in patients. OBJECTIVE To detect the connections among circulating folate, homocysteine (hcy) and vitamin B12 levels and promoter methylation levels of PSEN1, BACE1, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and MTHFR genes in blood DNA. METHODS We applied a data mining system called Auto Contractive Map to an existing database of 100 AD and 100 control individuals. RESULTS Low vitamin B12 was linked to the AD condition, to low folates, and to high hcy. Low PSEN1 methylation was linked to low folate levels as well as to low promoter methylation of BACE1 and DNMTs genes. Low hcy was linked to controls, to high folates and vitamin B12, as well as to high methylation levels of most of the studied genes. CONCLUSIONS The present pilot study suggests that promoter methylation levels of the studied genes are linked to circulating levels of folates, hcy, and vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Grossi
- Villa Santa Maria Institute, Tavernerio, Italy
- Semeion Research Center of Sciences of Communication, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Doctoral School in Genetics, Oncology, and Clinical Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Kabukcu S, Keskin N, Keskin A, Atalay E. The Frequency of Factor V Leiden and Concomitance of Factor V Leiden With Prothrombin G20210A Mutation and Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Mutation in Healthy Population of Denizli, Aegean Region of Turkey. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 13:166-71. [PMID: 17456626 DOI: 10.1177/1076029606298990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Factor V Leiden causing activated protein C resistance is the most common inherited form of thrombophilia leading to thrombosis. Its frequency shows great ethnic and geographic variations. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of FV Leiden and coinheritance of FV Leiden with two other frequent hereditary thrombophilia causes, namely, prothrombin G20210A and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR) C677T mutation in the Aegean region of Turkey. The study population consisted of 1030 (500 men and 530 women) apparently healthy subjects. Functional resistance to activated protein C (APC) was measured by using the test kit STA staclot APC-R ((Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres, France, Cat. No. 00721). In subjects with APC resistance, molecular analyses of FV Leiden and of prothrombin G20210A and MTHFR C677T mutation were performed by using FV-PTH-MTHFR StripA (Vienna Lab, Labordiagnostika GmbH, Austria) kit, which was based on hybridization of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA products with mutation-specific oligonucleotide probes. Functional APC resistance was present in 93 subjects (9%). FV Leiden mutation was found in 87 of 93 subjects with APC resistance by PCR method. The FV Leiden carrier frequency was found to be 8.4% (87/1030). Seventy-six individuals were heterozygous (7.3%), and 11 were homozygous (1.06%). Among the 87 subjects with FV Leiden mutation, 45 subjects had MTHFR C677T gene mutation (7 homozygous, 38 heterozygous) and 4 subjects had heterozygote prothrombin G20210A gene mutation. A combination of FV Leiden and prothrombin G20210A and MTHFR C677T gene mutation was detected in 3 subjects. The results indicate that FV Leiden prevalence is quite high and coexistence of FV Leiden with other hereditary causes of thrombosis such as prothrombin G20210A mutation and MTHFR enzyme defect is not rare in healthy population of Aegean region of Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kabukcu
- Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
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