1
|
Vu A, Glassman I, Campbell G, Yeganyan S, Nguyen J, Shin A, Venketaraman V. Host Cell Death and Modulation of Immune Response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6255. [PMID: 38892443 PMCID: PMC11172987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), a prevalent infectious disease affecting populations worldwide. A classic trait of TB pathology is the formation of granulomas, which wall off the pathogen, via the innate and adaptive immune systems. Some key players involved include tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), foamy macrophages, type I interferons (IFNs), and reactive oxygen species, which may also show overlap with cell death pathways. Additionally, host cell death is a primary method for combating and controlling Mtb within the body, a process which is influenced by both host and bacterial factors. These cell death modalities have distinct molecular mechanisms and pathways. Programmed cell death (PCD), encompassing apoptosis and autophagy, typically confers a protective response against Mtb by containing the bacteria within dead macrophages, facilitating their phagocytosis by uninfected or neighboring cells, whereas necrotic cell death benefits the pathogen, leading to the release of bacteria extracellularly. Apoptosis is triggered via intrinsic and extrinsic caspase-dependent pathways as well as caspase-independent pathways. Necrosis is induced via various pathways, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Given the pivotal role of host cell death pathways in host defense against Mtb, therapeutic agents targeting cell death signaling have been investigated for TB treatment. This review provides an overview of the diverse mechanisms underlying Mtb-induced host cell death, examining their implications for host immunity. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of targeting host cell death pathways as therapeutic and preventive strategies against Mtb infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (G.C.); (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shan L, Wang Z, Wu L, Qian K, Peng G, Wei M, Tang B, Jun X. Statistical and network analyses reveal mechanisms for the enhancement of macrophage immunity by manganese in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101602. [PMID: 38155943 PMCID: PMC10753046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a significant infectious disease that poses a serious risk to human health. Our previous research has indicated that manganese ions reduce the bacterial load of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages, but the exact immune defense mechanism remains unknown. Several critical proteins and pathways involved in the host's immune response during this process are still unidentified. Our research aims to identify these proteins and pathways and provide a rationale for the use of manganese ions in the adjuvant treatment of tuberculosis. We downloaded GSE211666 data from the GEO database and selected the RM (Post-infection manganese ion treatment group) and Ra (single-infection group) groups for comparison and analysis to identify differential genes. These differential genes were then enriched and analyzed using STRING, Cytoscape, and NDEx tools to identify the two most relevant pathways of the "Host Response Signature Network." After conducting an in-depth analysis of these two pathways, we found that manganese ions mainly mediate (1) the interferon -gamma (IFN-γ) and its receptor IFNGR and the downstream JAK-STAT pathway and (2) the NFκB pathway to enhance macrophage response to interferon, autophagy, polarization, and cytokine release. Using qPCR experiments, we verified the increased expression of CXCL10, MHCII, IFNγ, CSF2, and IL12, all of which are cytokines that play a key role in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, suggesting that macrophages enter a state of pro-inflammatory and activation after the addition of manganese ions, which enhances their immunosuppressive effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We conclude that our study provides evidence of manganese ion's ability to treat tuberculosis adjuvantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Shan
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - Zihai Wang
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - Lingshan Wu
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - Kaiqiang Qian
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - Guisen Peng
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - MeiLi Wei
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| | - Bikui Tang
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, China
| | - Xi Jun
- College of Life Science, Bengbu Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bataduwaarachchi VR, Hansanie SMN, Rockwood N, D'Cruz LG. Immunomodulatory properties of morphine and the hypothesised role of long-term opioid use in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265511. [PMID: 37942336 PMCID: PMC10628761 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence among chronic opioid users. Opioid receptors are found on multiple immune cells and immunomodulatory properties of opioids could be a contributory factor for ensuing immunosuppression and development or reactivation of TB. Toll-like receptors (TLR) mediate an immune response against microbial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterial antigens and opioids co-stimulate TLRs 2/4/9 in immune cells, with resulting receptor cross-talk via multiple cytosolic secondary messengers, leading to significant immunomodulatory downstream effects. Blockade of specific immune pathways involved in the host defence against TB by morphine may play a critical role in causing tuberculosis among chronic morphine users despite multiple confounding factors such as socioeconomic deprivation, Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and malnutrition. In this review, we map out immune pathways involved when immune cells are co-stimulated with mycobacterial antigens and morphine to explore a potential immunopathological basis for TB amongst long-term opioid users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vipula R. Bataduwaarachchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Research and Innovation Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - SMN Hansanie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Neesha Rockwood
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leon Gerard D'Cruz
- Research and Innovation Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan X, Zhao B, Zhang W, Li N, Mi K, Wang B. Coevolution of furA-Regulated Hyper-Inflammation and Mycobacterial Resistance to Oxidative Killing through Adaptation to Hydrogen Peroxide. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0536722. [PMID: 37358434 PMCID: PMC10433983 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05367-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is highly resistant to host oxidative killing. We hypothesized that the evolutionary adaptation of M. smegmatis to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) would endow the nonpathogenic Mycobacterium persistent in a host. In the study, we screened a highly H2O2-resistant strain (mc2114) via evolutionary H2O2 adaptation in vitro. The MIC of mc2114 to H2O2 is 320 times that of wild-type mc2155. Mouse infection experiments showed that mc2114, similar to Mtb, was persistent in the lungs and caused high lethality in mice with restricted responses of NOX2, ROS, IFN-γ, decreased macrophage apoptosis, and overexpressed inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that mc2114 harbored 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms in multiple genes; one of them was on the furA gene that caused FurA deficiency-mediated overexpression of KatG, a catalase-peroxidase to detoxify ROS. Complementation of mc2114 with a wild-type furA gene reversed lethality and hyper-inflammatory response in mice with rescued overexpression of KatG and inflammatory cytokines, whereas NOX2, ROS, IFN-γ, and macrophage apoptosis remained reduced. The results indicate that although FurA regulates KatG expression, it does not contribute significantly to the restriction of ROS response. Instead, FurA deficiency is responsible for the detrimental pulmonary inflammation that contributes to the severity of the infection, a previously nonrecognized function of FurA in mycobacterial pathogenesis. The study also indicates that mycobacterial resistance to oxidative burst results from complex mechanisms involving adaptive genetic changes in multiple genes. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes human tuberculosis (TB), which has killed more people in human history than any other microorganism. However, the mechanisms underlying Mtb pathogenesis and related genes have not yet been fully elucidated, which impedes the development of effective strategies for containing and eradicating TB. In the study, we generated a mutant of M. smegmatis (mc2114) with multiple mutations by an adaptive evolutionary screen with H2O2. One of the mutations in furA caused a deficiency of FurA, which mediated severe inflammatory lung injury and higher lethality in mice by overexpression of inflammatory cytokines. Our results indicate that FurA-regulated pulmonary inflammation plays a critical role in mycobacterial pathogenesis in addition to the known downregulation of NOX2, ROS, IFN-γ responses, and macrophage apoptosis. Further analysis of the mutations in mc2114 would identify more genes related to the increased pathogenicity and help in devising new strategies for containing and eradicating TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weishan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixia Mi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beinan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shah PT, Tufail M, Wu C, Xing L. THP-1 cell line model for tuberculosis: A platform for in vitro macrophage manipulation. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2022; 136:102243. [PMID: 35963145 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytic cells that play a vital role in the immune response. They are present in all body tissues with extremely heterogeneous and plastic phenotypes that adapt to the organs and tissues in which they live and respond in the first-line against invading microorganisms. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the pathogenic bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is among the top 10 global infectious agents and the leading cause of mortality, ranking above human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as a single infectious agent. Macrophages, upon Mtb infection, not only phagocytose the bacteria and present the antigens to T-cells, but also react rapidly by developing antimycobacterial immune response depending highly on the production of cytokines. However, Mtb is also capable of intracellular survival in instances of sub-optimal activation of macrophages. Hence, several systems have been established to evaluate the Mtb-macrophage interaction, where the THP-1 monocytes have been developed as an attractive model for in vitro polarized monocyte-derived macrophages. This model is extensively used for Mtb as well as other intracellular bacterial studies. Herein, we have summarized the updated implications of the THP-1 model for TB-related studies and discussed the pros and cons compared to other cell models of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pir Tariq Shah
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China; The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Li Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China; The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rao Y, Gai X, Le Y, Xiong J, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Cao W, Sun Y. Enhanced Proinflammatory Cytokine Production and Immunometabolic Impairment of NK Cells Exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cigarette Smoke. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:799276. [PMID: 35071048 PMCID: PMC8766853 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.799276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Smoker COPD patients with chest radiological signs of prior tuberculosis (TB) showed more severe lung damage, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidence has implicated NK cells in the pathogenesis of both COPD and TB. The purpose of this study was to delineate the profile and cytokine production of NK-cell subpopulations and their immunometabolic changes after exposure to both cigarette smoke (CS) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB). Methods We profiled NK-cell subpopulations in terms of percentage and cytokine production by flow cytometry in smoker patients with pulmonary TB (PTB). In an in vitro coexposure model, we investigated proinflammatory cytokine production, glycolytic influx, and oxidative phosphorylation of NK cells under CS extract (CSE) and PPD costimulation. Results Peripheral blood NK cells in smoker patients with active PTB (CS+PTB group) showed altered proportion of subpopulations and excessive proinflammatory cytokine expressions. In vitro, CSE- and PPD-coexposed NK-92 cells displayed enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production, concurrent with decreased glycolytic influx and oxidative phosphorylation. Conclusion Smoker patients with active PTB showed enhanced proinflammatory cytokine expression within altered NK cell subpopulations. CSE and PPD coexposure induced heightened cytokine production concurrent with impaired cell metabolism in NK cells. These novel data suggest a potential role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of lung injury in subjects with coexposure to CS and TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Rao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Le
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchang Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han L, Tu S, Shen P, Yan J, Huang Y, Ba X, Li T, Lin W, Li H, Yu K, Guo J, Huang Y, Qin K, Wang Y, Chen Z. A comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of alternate interferon signaling pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20511-20533. [PMID: 34432649 PMCID: PMC8436925 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) signaling pathways play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prior studies have mainly studied mixed alterations in the IFN signaling pathway in RA, but these studies have not been sufficient to elucidate how imbalanced IFN signaling subtly influences immune cells. Single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing makes it possible to better understand the alternations in the interferon signaling pathways in RA. In the present study, we found that IFN signaling pathways were activated in natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, T cells, B cells, and most immune cell subclasses in RA. We then explored and analyzed the connections between abnormal IFN signaling pathways and cellular functional changes in RA. Single-Cell rEgulatory Network Inference and Clustering (SCENIC) analysis and gene regulatory network (GRN) construction were also performed to identify key transcription factors in RA. Finally, we also investigated altered IFN signaling pathways in multiple RA peripheral blood samples, which indicated that abnormal IFN signaling pathways were universally observed in RA. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the delicate and precise regulation of IFN signaling in the immune system in RA. Furthermore, common alternations in IFN signaling pathway-related transcription factors could help to identify novel therapeutic targets for RA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Weiji Lin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan Biobank, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang H, Chen J, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Ge B, Hong L. Sirt1 activation negatively regulates overt apoptosis in Mtb-infected macrophage through Bax. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 91:107283. [PMID: 33373810 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic pathways play an important role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Sirt1 is a member of the deacetylase family that is known to promote apoptosis resistance in many mammalian cells. However, the apoptotic role of Sirt1 in the process of M. tuberculosis infection remains unclear. With the help of mouse macrophage samples, 129/Sv background mice, and PBMCs-derived macrophages from healthy controls and patients with tuberculosis, we have shown that M. tuberculosis infection reduced Sirt1 mRNA and protein expression, however, increased Bax mRNA and protein expression. Further, we found that resveratrol, a Sirt1 activator, inhibited M. tuberculosis-induced Bax expression. Thus, it seems that Sirt1 acts as a novel regulator of apoptosis signaling in M. tuberculosis infection via its effects on Bax. Sirt1 activation may therefore be a new candidate for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianxia Chen
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanghaoyu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baoxue Ge
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai TB Key Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Taneja V, Kalra P, Goel M, Khilnani GC, Saini V, Prasad GBKS, Gupta UD, Krishna Prasad H. Impact and prognosis of the expression of IFN-α among tuberculosis patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235488. [PMID: 32667932 PMCID: PMC7363073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection stimulates the release of cytokines, including interferons (IFNs). IFNs are initiators, regulators, and effectors of innate and adaptive immunity. Accordingly, the expression levels of Type I (α, β) and II (γ) IFNs, among untreated tuberculosis (TB) patients and household contacts (HHC) clinically free of TB was assessed. A total of 264 individuals (TB patients-123; HHC-86; laboratory volunteers-55; Treated TB patients-36) were enrolled for this study. IFN-α mRNA expression levels predominated compared to IFN-γ and IFN-β among untreated TB patients. IFN-α transcripts were ~3.5 folds higher in TB patients compared to HHC, (p<0.0001). High expression of IFN-α was seen among 46% (56/ 123) of the TB patients and 26%, (22/86) of HHCs. The expression levels of IFN-α correlated with that of IFN transcriptional release factor 7 (IRF) (p<0.0001). In contrast, an inverse relationship exists between PGE2 and IFN-α expression levels; high IFN-α expressers were associated with low levels of PGE2 and vice-versa (Spearman’s rho = -0.563; p<0.0001). In-vitro, IFN-α failed to restrict the replication of intracellular M.tb. The anti-mycobacterial activity of IFN-γ was compromised in the presence of IFN-α, but not by IFN-β. The expression of IFN-α and β diminished or is absent, among successfully treated TB patients. These observations suggest the utility of assessment of Type I IFNs expression levels as a prognostic marker to monitor tuberculosis patient response to chemotherapy because changes in Type I IFNs expression are expected to precede the clearance and /reduction in bacterial load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Taneja
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Priya Kalra
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Goel
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopi Chand Khilnani
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - G. B. K. S. Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Datta Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou X, Zhang L, Lie L, Zhang Z, Zhu B, Yang J, Gao Y, Li P, Huang Y, Xu H, Li Y, Du X, Zhou C, Hu S, Wen Q, Zhong XP, Ma L. MxA suppresses TAK1-IKKα/β-NF-κB mediated inflammatory cytokine production to facilitate Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Infect 2020; 81:231-241. [PMID: 32445727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interferons (IFNs) play multifunctional roles in host defense against infectious diseases by inducing IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). However, little is known about how ISGs regulate host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, the major cause of tuberculosis (TB). METHODS We thus profiled the potential effects and mechanisms of eight Mtb-induced ISGs on Mtb infection by RNA interference in human macrophages (Mφs) derived from peripheral blood monocytes (hMDMs) and THP-1 cell line derived Mφs (THP-1-Mφs). RESULTS MxA silencing significantly decreased intracellular Mtb infection in Mφs. Mechanistically, MxA silencing promoted inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production, and induced NF-κB p65 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB p65 activation or gene silencing of NF-κB p65 blocked the increased production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and restored Mtb infection by MxA silencing. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 and IKKα/β blocked NF-κB p65 activation and subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by MxA silencing. Isoniazid (INH) treatment and MxA silencing could promote TAK1-IKKα/β-NF-κB signaling pathway activation and combat Mtb infection independently. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a novel role of MxA in regulating TAK1-IKKα/β-NF-κB signaling activation and production of antimicrobial inflammatory cytokines upon Mtb infection, providing a potential target for clinical treatment of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Linmiao Lie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuchi Gao
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yingqi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xialin Du
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Howlett P, Du Bruyn E, Morrison H, Godsent IC, Wilkinson KA, Ntsekhe M, Wilkinson RJ. The immunopathogenesis of tuberculous pericarditis. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:172-181. [PMID: 32092538 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculous pericarditis is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and is the commonest cause of pericardial effusion in high incidence settings. Mortality ranges between 8 and 34%, and it is the leading cause of pericardial constriction in Africa and Asia. Current understanding of the disease is based on models derived from studies performed in the 1940-50s. This review summarises recent advances in the histology, microbiology and immunology of tuberculous pericarditis, with special focus on the effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the determinants of constriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Howlett
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
| | - Elsa Du Bruyn
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Hazel Morrison
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Build, Roosevelt Dr, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Isiguzo C Godsent
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Katalin A Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Mpiko Ntsekhe
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Robert J Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaipilyawar V, Salgame P. Infection resisters: targets of new research for uncovering natural protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31602294 PMCID: PMC6774050 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19805.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
“Infection resisters” are broadly defined as individuals who despite significant exposure to
Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain persistently unreactive to conventional detection assays, suggesting that they remain uninfected or rapidly clear their infection early on following exposure. In this review, we highlight recent studies that point to underlying host immune mechanisms that could mediate this natural resistance. We also illustrate some additional avenues that are likely to be differently modulated in resisters and possess the potential to be targeted, ranging from early mycobacterial sensing leading up to subsequent killing. Emerging research in this area can be harnessed to provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic and vaccine strategies against
M. tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, International Center for Public Health, 225 Warren St, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Padmini Salgame
- Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, International Center for Public Health, 225 Warren St, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Recent progress in understanding immune activation in the pathogenesis in HIV-tuberculosis co-infection. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2019; 13:455-461. [PMID: 30286038 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tuberculosis is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, and HIV-1 the best recognized risk factor for active TB. This review focuses on immune complex formation; the interplay of type I and II interferon signaling; and T-cell activation in HIV-TB pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Circulating immune complexes and complement, and Fcγ signaling in whole blood act as early markers of TB disease in HIV-1-infected persons. HIV-1 is associated with a type I interferon response in whole blood, reducing the specificity of TB biomarkers dependent on type I and II interferon genes. Type I and type II interferons are implicated in both protection and TB disease, a protective outcome may depend on modulating these pathways. Whilst M. tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells are preferentially depleted during HIV-1 infection, activation markers on M. tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells, in particular HLA-DR, reflect immune activation and have promise as biomarkers of M. tuberculosis disease activity in individuals with HIV-1. SUMMARY TB pathogenesis in HIV-1 involves a complex interaction of underlying activation of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Further research is required to understand whether biomarkers of activation could be used to predict or quantify TB disease in the context of HIV-1 infection.
Collapse
|
14
|
Guillermina Guerrero Manriquez G. Immunogenetic and Immunotherapy in Tuberculosis. Immunogenetics 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Identification and characterization of a novel anti-inflammatory lipid isolated from Mycobacterium vaccae, a soil-derived bacterium with immunoregulatory and stress resilience properties. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:1653-1670. [PMID: 31119329 PMCID: PMC6626661 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mycobacterium vaccae (NCTC 11659) is an environmental saprophytic bacterium with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and stress resilience properties. Previous studies have shown that whole, heat-killed preparations of M. vaccae prevent allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma. Recent studies also demonstrate that immunization with M. vaccae prevents stress-induced exaggeration of proinflammatory cytokine secretion from mesenteric lymph node cells stimulated ex vivo, prevents stress-induced exaggeration of chemically induced colitis in a model of inflammatory bowel disease, and prevents stress-induced anxiety-like defensive behavioral responses. Furthermore, immunization with M. vaccae induces anti-inflammatory responses in the brain and prevents stress-induced exaggeration of microglial priming. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory effects of M. vaccae are not known. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to identify and characterize novel anti-inflammatory molecules from M. vaccae NCTC 11659. METHODS We have purified and identified a unique anti-inflammatory triglyceride, 1,2,3-tri [Z-10-hexadecenoyl] glycerol, from M. vaccae and evaluated its effects in freshly isolated murine peritoneal macrophages. RESULTS The free fatty acid form of 1,2,3-tri [Z-10-hexadecenoyl] glycerol, 10(Z)-hexadecenoic acid, decreased lipopolysaccharide-stimulated secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 ex vivo. Meanwhile, next-generation RNA sequencing revealed that pretreatment with 10(Z)-hexadecenoic acid upregulated genes associated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, in association with a broad transcriptional repression of inflammatory markers. We confirmed using luciferase-based transfection assays that 10(Z)-hexadecenoic acid activated PPARα signaling, but not PPARγ, PPARδ, or retinoic acid receptor (RAR) α signaling. The effects of 10(Z)-hexadecenoic acid on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated secretion of IL-6 were prevented by PPARα antagonists and absent in PPARα-deficient mice. CONCLUSION Future studies should evaluate the effects of 10(Z)-hexadecenoic acid on stress-induced exaggeration of peripheral inflammatory signaling, central neuroinflammatory signaling, and anxiety- and fear-related defensive behavioral responses.
Collapse
|
16
|
de Graaff P, Govers C, Wichers HJ, Debets R. Consumption of β-glucans to spice up T cell treatment of tumors: a review. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 18:1023-1040. [PMID: 30221551 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1523392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adoptive T-cell treatments of solid cancers have evolved into a robust therapy with objective response rates surpassing those of standardized treatments. Unfortunately, only a limited fraction of patients shows durable responses, which is considered to be due to a T cell-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we argue that naturally occurring β-glucans can enable reversion of such T cell suppression by engaging innate immune cells and enhancing numbers and function of lymphocyte effectors. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes timely reports with respect to absorption, trafficking and immune stimulatory effects of β-glucans, particularly in relation to innate immune cells. Furthermore, we list effects toward well-being and immune functions in healthy subjects as well as cancer patients treated with orally administered β-glucans, extended with effects of β-glucan treatments in mouse cancer models. EXPERT OPINION Beta-glucans, when present in food and following uptake in the proximal gut, stimulate immune cells present in gut-associated lymphoid tissue and initiate highly conserved pro-inflammatory pathways. When tested in mouse cancer models, β-glucans result in better control of tumor growth and shift the TME toward a T cell-sensitive environment. Along these lines, we advocate that intake of β-glucans provides an accessible and immune-potentiating adjuvant when combined with adoptive T-cell treatments of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla de Graaff
- a Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology , Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,b Food and Biobased Research , Wageningen University and Research , Wageningen , The Netherlands
| | - Coen Govers
- b Food and Biobased Research , Wageningen University and Research , Wageningen , The Netherlands
| | - Harry J Wichers
- b Food and Biobased Research , Wageningen University and Research , Wageningen , The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- a Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology , Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W. How Viral and Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens Reprogram the Metabolism of Host Cells to Allow Their Intracellular Replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:42. [PMID: 30886834 PMCID: PMC6409310 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses and intracellular bacterial pathogens (IBPs) have in common the need of suitable host cells for efficient replication and proliferation during infection. In human infections, the cell types which both groups of pathogens are using as hosts are indeed quite similar and include phagocytic immune cells, especially monocytes/macrophages (MOs/MPs) and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as nonprofessional phagocytes, like epithelial cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. These terminally differentiated cells are normally in a metabolically quiescent state when they are encountered by these pathogens during infection. This metabolic state of the host cells does not meet the extensive need for nutrients required for efficient intracellular replication of viruses and especially IBPs which, in contrast to the viral pathogens, have to perform their own specific intracellular metabolism to survive and efficiently replicate in their host cell niches. For this goal, viruses and IBPs have to reprogram the host cell metabolism in a pathogen-specific manner to increase the supply of nutrients, energy, and metabolites which have to be provided to the pathogen to allow its replication. In viral infections, this appears to be often achieved by the interaction of specific viral factors with central metabolic regulators, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors, or by the introduction of virus-specific oncogenes. Less is so far known on the mechanisms leading to metabolic reprogramming of the host cell by IBPs. However, the still scant data suggest that similar mechanisms may also determine the reprogramming of the host cell metabolism in IBP infections. In this review, we summarize and compare the present knowledge on this important, yet still poorly understood aspect of pathogenesis of human viral and especially IBP infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Chair of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heesemann
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Werner Goebel
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Different Signaling Pathways Define Different Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression during Mycobacteria Infection in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030663. [PMID: 30717477 PMCID: PMC6387094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) represents one of the greatest threats to human health., Interferons (IFNs) in combination with the first-line of anti-TB drugs have been used for treating TB for decades in the clinic, but how Mtb infection regulates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in human macrophages (Mϕs) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression-signature and associated innate signaling mechanisms of ISGs in Mtb-infected human monocyte-derived Mϕs (hMDMs) and THP-1-derived Mϕs (THP-1-Mϕs). Among 28 of the detected ISGs, 90% of them exerted a significant increase in Mtb-infected Mϕs. Additionally, we found that cytosolic cyclic (GMP-AMP) synthase (cGAS), toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and TLR-4 signaling pathways participated in ISG induction. Their downstream elements of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) were selectively involved in Mtb-mediated ISG production. Finally, the numerous types of ISG expression in hMDMs of TB patients were more susceptible to restimulation of Mtb infection or/and IFN treatment than that of healthy people. Hence, different signaling pathways define different ISG expression during Mtb infection and this helps to illustrate how ISGs are elucidated and to better understand the host immune responses to Mtb infection in Mϕs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wells AI, Coyne CB. Type III Interferons in Antiviral Defenses at Barrier Surfaces. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:848-858. [PMID: 30219309 PMCID: PMC6179363 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Barrier surfaces such as the epithelium lining the respiratory and gastrointestinal (GI) tracts, the endothelium comprising the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and placental trophoblasts provide key physical and immunological protection against viruses. These barriers utilize nonredundant mechanisms to suppress viral infections including the production of interferons (IFNs), which induce a strong antiviral state following receptor binding. However, whereas type I IFNs control infection systemically, type III IFNs (IFN-λs) control infection locally at barrier surfaces and are often preferentially induced by these cells. In this review we focus on the role of IFN-λ at barrier surfaces, focusing on the respiratory and GI tracts, the BBB, and the placenta, and on how these IFNs act to suppress viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra I Wells
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhu F, Hu Y. Integrity of IKK/NF-κB Shields Thymic Stroma That Suppresses Susceptibility to Autoimmunity, Fungal Infection, and Carcinogenesis. Bioessays 2018. [PMID: 29522649 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A pathogenic connection between autoreactive T cells, fungal infection, and carcinogenesis has been demonstrated in studies of human autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) as well as in a mouse model in which kinase-dead Ikkα knock-in mice develop impaired central tolerance, autoreactive T cell-mediated autoimmunity, chronic fungal infection, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, which recapitulates APECED. IκB kinase α (IKKα) is one subunit of the IKK complex required for NF-κB activation. IKK/NF-κB is essential for central tolerance establishment by regulating the development of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) that facilitate the deletion of autoreactive T cells in the thymus. In this review, we extensively discuss the pathogenic roles of inborn errors in the IKK/NF-κB loci in the phenotypically related diseases APECED, immune deficiency syndrome, and severe combined immunodeficiency; differentiate how IKK/NF-κB components, through mTEC (stroma), T cells/leukocytes, or epithelial cells, contribute to the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer; and highlight the medical significance of IKK/NF-κB in these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, 21701, Maryland, USA
| | - Yinling Hu
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, 21701, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hoffmann E, Machelart A, Song OR, Brodin P. Proteomics of Mycobacterium Infection: Moving towards a Better Understanding of Pathogen-Driven Immunomodulation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:86. [PMID: 29441067 PMCID: PMC5797607 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular bacteria are responsible for many infectious diseases in humans and have developed diverse mechanisms to interfere with host defense pathways. In particular, intracellular vacuoles are an essential niche used by pathogens to alter cellular and organelle functions, which facilitate replication and survival. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the pathogen causing tuberculosis in humans, is not only able to modulate its intraphagosomal fate by blocking phagosome maturation but has also evolved strategies to successfully prevent clearance by immune cells and to establish long-term survival in the host. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics allows the identification and quantitative analysis of complex protein mixtures and is increasingly employed to investigate host–pathogen interactions. Major challenges are limited availability and purity of pathogen-containing compartments as well as the asymmetric ratio in protein abundance when comparing bacterial and host proteins during the infection. Recent advances in purification techniques and MS technology helped to overcome previous difficulties and enable the detailed proteomic characterization of infected host cells and their pathogen-containing vacuoles. Here, we summarize current findings of the proteomic analysis of Mycobacterium-infected host cells and highlight progress that has been made to study the protein composition of mycobacterial vacuoles. Current investigations focus on the pathogenicity during Mtb infection, which will allow to better understand pathogen-induced changes and immunomodulation of infected host cells. Consequently, future research in this field will have important implications on host response, pathogen survival, and persistence, induced adaptive immunity and metabolic changes of immune cells promoting the development of novel host-directed therapies in tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eik Hoffmann
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1019, UMR8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Machelart
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1019, UMR8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ok-Ryul Song
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1019, UMR8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Priscille Brodin
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1019, UMR8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Parlato S, Chiacchio T, Salerno D, Petrone L, Castiello L, Romagnoli G, Canini I, Goletti D, Gabriele L. Impaired IFN-α-mediated signal in dendritic cells differentiates active from latent tuberculosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189477. [PMID: 29320502 PMCID: PMC5761858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may be infected and remain for the entire life in this condition defined as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) or develop active tuberculosis (TB). Among the multiple factors governing the outcome of the infection, dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in dictating antibacterial immunity. However, current knowledge on the role of the diverse components of human DCs in shaping specific T-cell response during Mtb infection is limited. In this study, we performed a comparative evaluation of peripheral blood circulating DC subsets as well as of monocyte-derived Interferon-α DCs (IFN-DCs) from patients with active TB, subjects with LTBI and healthy donors (HD). The proportion of circulating myeloid BDCA3+ DCs (mDC2) and plasmacytoid CD123+ DCs (pDCs) declined significantly in active TB patients compared to HD, whereas the same subsets displayed a remarkable activation in LTBI subjects. Simultaneously, the differentiation of IFN-DCs from active TB patients resulted profoundly impaired compared to those from LTBI and HD individuals. Importantly, the altered developmental trait of IFN-DCs from active TB patients was associated with down-modulation of IFN-linked genes, marked changes in molecular signaling conveying antigen (Ag) presentation and full inability to induce Ag-specific T cell response. Thus, these data reveal an important role of IFN-α in determining the induction of Mtb-specific immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Parlato
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Chiacchio
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Debora Salerno
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Petrone
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Romagnoli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Canini
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (LG); (DG)
| | - Lucia Gabriele
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (LG); (DG)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen S, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Wang A, Sun L, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Sun K, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen X, Cheng A. Cross-species antiviral activity of goose interferon lambda against duck plague virus is related to its positive self-regulatory feedback loop. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1455-1466. [PMID: 28678686 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck plague virus (DPV) is a virus of the Herpesviridae family that leads to acute disease with a high mortality rate in ducks. Control of the disease contributes to the development of poultry breeding. Type III IFN family (IFN-λs) is a novel member of the IFN family, and goose IFN-λ (goIFN-λ) is a newly identified gene whose antiviral function has only been investigated to a limited extent. Here, the cross-species antiviral activity of goIFN-λ against DPV in duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) was studied. We found that pre-treatment with goIFN-λ greatly increased the expression of IFN-λ in both heterologous DEFs and homologous goose embryo fibroblasts (GEFs), while differentially inducing IFNα- and IFN-stimulated genes. Additionally, a positive self-regulatory feedback loop of goIFN-λ was blocked by a mouse anti-goIFN-λ polyclonal antibody, which was confirmed in both homologous GEFs and goose peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The suppression of the BAC-DPV-EGFP by goIFN-λ in DEFs was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry (FCM) analysis, viral copies and titre detection, which can be rescued by mouse anti-goIFN-λ polyclonal antibody incubation. Finally, reporter gene assays indicated that the cross-species antiviral activity of goIFN-λ against BAC-DPV-EGFP is related to its positive self-regulatory feedback loop and subsequent ISG induction. Our data shed light on the fundamental mechanisms of goIFN-λ antiviral function in vitro and extend the considerable range of therapeutic applications in multiple-poultry disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Lipei Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Kunfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Role of Interferons in the Development of Diagnostics, Vaccines, and Therapy for Tuberculosis. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:5212910. [PMID: 28713838 PMCID: PMC5496129 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5212910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). About one-third of the world's population is latently infected with TB and 5–15% of them will develop active TB in their lifetime. It is estimated that each case of active TB may cause 10–20 new infections. Host immune response to Mtb is influenced by interferon- (IFN-) signaling pathways, particularly by type I and type II interferons (IFNs). The latter that consists of IFN-γ has been associated with the promotion of Th1 immune response which is associated with protection against TB. Although this aspect remains controversial at present due to the lack of established correlates of protection, currently, there are different prophylactic, diagnostic, and immunotherapeutic approaches in which IFNs play an important role. This review summarizes the main aspects related with the biology of IFNs, mainly associated with TB, as well as presents the main applications of these cytokines related to prophylaxis, diagnosis, and immunotherapy of TB.
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu D, Tian S, Zhang K, Xiong W, Lubaki NM, Chen Z, Han W. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified natural killer cell-based immunotherapy and immunological synapse formation in cancer and HIV. Protein Cell 2017; 8:861-877. [PMID: 28488245 PMCID: PMC5712291 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells contribute to the body’s immune defenses. Current chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cell immunotherapy shows strong promise for treating various cancers and infectious diseases. Although CAR-modified NK cell immunotherapy is rapidly gaining attention, its clinical applications are mainly focused on preclinical investigations using the NK92 cell line. Despite recent advances in CAR-modified T cell immunotherapy, cost and severe toxicity have hindered its widespread use. To alleviate these disadvantages of CAR-modified T cell immunotherapy, additional cytotoxic cell-mediated immunotherapies are urgently needed. The unique biology of NK cells allows them to serve as a safe, effective, alternative immunotherapeutic strategy to CAR-modified T cells in the clinic. While the fundamental mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity and side effects of CAR-modified T and NK cell immunotherapies remain poorly understood, the formation of the immunological synapse (IS) between CAR-modified T or NK cells and their susceptible target cells is known to be essential. The role of the IS in CAR T and NK cell immunotherapies will allow scientists to harness the power of CAR-modified T and NK cells to treat cancer and infectious diseases. In this review, we highlight the potential applications of CAR-modified NK cells to treat cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and discuss the challenges and possible future directions of CAR-modified NK cell immunotherapy, as well as the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms of CAR-modified T cell- or NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and side effects, with a focus on the CAR-modified NK cell IS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Liu
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Shuo Tian
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ndongala Michel Lubaki
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Weidong Han
- Institute of Basic Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
le Roex N, Jolles A, Beechler B, van Helden P, Hoal E. Toll-like receptor (TLR) diversity influences mycobacterial growth in African buffalo. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2017; 104:87-94. [PMID: 28454655 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of wildlife in the maintenance or spread of emerging infectious diseases is a growing priority across the world. Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). BTB is widespread within game reserves in southern Africa, and within these ecosystems the primary wildlife host of this disease is the African buffalo. We used a modified bacterial killing assay for mycobacteria to investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor (TLR) genetic diversity and demographic parameters on the ability of African buffalo to restrict mycobacterial growth. Eosinophil count, time delay, bovine PPD response and avian PPD response were negatively correlated with mycobacterial growth. TLR6 diversity and the interaction of age group and sex were positively correlated with mycobacterial growth. Our results suggest that both demographic and individual immune parameters influence the ability to control mycobacterial infection in African buffalo. TLR6 diversity is particularly interesting as this locus has also shown associations with BTB in cattle, suggesting that further research into the effects, selection and role of TLR6 variants in bovine tuberculosis will be productive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki le Roex
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Anna Jolles
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Brianna Beechler
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Paul van Helden
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Eileen Hoal
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Marinho FV, Fahel JS, Scanga CA, Gomes MTR, Guimarães G, Carvalho GRM, Morales SV, Báfica A, Oliveira SC. Lack of IL-1 Receptor–Associated Kinase-4 Leads to Defective Th1 Cell Responses and Renders Mice Susceptible to Mycobacterial Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:1852-63. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|