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Liu H, Zheng Y, Li F, Geng B, Liao F. Endoplasmic reticulum protein of 57 kDa sulfhydration promotes intestinal calcium absorption to attenuate primary osteoporosis. Nitric Oxide 2024; 149:32-40. [PMID: 38830571 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in bone metabolism. However, the exact role of H2S in intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption and its potential in preventing and treating primary osteoporosis remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of H2S in promoting intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption and alleviating primary osteoporosis. We measured the apparent absorptivity of calcium, femoral bone density, expression and sulfhydration of the duodenal endoplasmic reticulum protein of 57 kDa (ERp57), duodenal cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) expression, and serum H2S content in adult and old CSE-knockout and wild-type mice. We also assessed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ content in CSE-overexpressing or knockout intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-6 cells. In senile mice, CSE knockout decreased endogenous H2S, ERp57 sulfhydration, and intestinal calcium absorption and worsened osteoporosis, which were partially reversed by GYY4137, an H2S donor. CSE overexpression in IEC-6 cells increased ERp57 sulfhydration, protein kinase A and C activity, and intracellular Ca2+, whereas CSE knockout exerted the opposite effects. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulation had similar effects as in CSE knockout, which were reversed by pretreatment with sodium hydrosulfide before H2O2 stimulation and restored by DL-dithiothreitol. These findings suggest that H2S attenuates primary osteoporosis by preventing ROS-induced ERp57 damage in intestinal epithelial cells by enhancing ERp57 activity and promoting intestinal calcium absorption, thereby aiding in developing therapeutic interventions to prevent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Fuming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Bin Geng
- Hypertension Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 102308, PR China
| | - Feng Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
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2
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Rong Y, Liang X, Jiang K, Jia H, Li H, Lu B, Li G. Global Trends in Research of Programmed Cell Death in Osteoporosis: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis (2000-2023). Orthop Surg 2024; 16:1783-1800. [PMID: 38923347 PMCID: PMC11293941 DOI: 10.1111/os.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease that is characterized by decreased bone mineral density and microstructural damage to bone tissue. Recent studies have demonstrated significant advances in the research of programmed cell death (PCD) in OP. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field. This study searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for literature related to OP and PCD from 2000 to 2023. This study used VOSviewers 1.6.20, the "bibliometrix" R package, and CiteSpace (6.2.R3) for bibliometric and visualization analysis. A total of 2905 articles from 80 countries were included, with China and the United States leading the way. The number of publications related to PCD in OP is increasing year by year. The main research institutions are Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chinese Medical University, Southern Medical University, Zhejiang University, and Soochow University. Bone is the most popular journal in the field of PCD in OP, and the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research is the most co-cited journal. These publications come from 14,801 authors, with Liu Zong-Ping, Yang Lei, Manolagas Stavros C, Zhang Wei, and Zhao Hong-Yan having published the most papers. Ronald S. Weinstein was co-cited most often. Oxidative stress and autophagy are the current research hot spots for PCD in OP. This bibliometric study provides the first comprehensive summary of trends and developments in PCD research in OP. This information identifies the most recent research frontiers and hot directions, which will provide a definitive reference for scholars studying PCD in OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐fa Rong
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Xue‐Zhen Liang
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
- Orthopaedic MicrosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Kai Jiang
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Hai‐Feng Jia
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Han‐Zheng Li
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Bo‐Wen Lu
- The First College of Clinical MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Gang Li
- Orthopaedic MicrosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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3
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Xia X, Fang Z, Qian Y, Zhou Y, Huang H, Xu F, Luo Z, Wang Q. Role of oxidative stress in the concurrent development of osteoporosis and tendinopathy: Emerging challenges and prospects for treatment modalities. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18508. [PMID: 38953556 PMCID: PMC11217991 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Both osteoporosis and tendinopathy are widely prevalent disorders, encountered in diverse medical contexts. Whilst each condition has distinct pathophysiological characteristics, they share several risk factors and underlying causes. Notably, oxidative stress emerges as a crucial intersecting factor, playing a pivotal role in the onset and progression of both diseases. This imbalance arises from a dysregulation in generating and neutralising reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to an abnormal oxidative environment. Elevated levels of ROS can induce multiple cellular disruptions, such as cytotoxicity, apoptosis activation and reduced cell function, contributing to tissue deterioration and weakening the structural integrity of bones and tendons. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow down the oxidation process, including Vitamin C, melatonin, resveratrol, anthocyanins and so on, demonstrating potential in treating these overlapping disorders. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the complex role of oxidative stress within the interlinked pathways of these comorbid conditions. By integrating contemporary research and empirical findings, our objective is to outline new conceptual models and innovative treatment strategies for effectively managing these prevalent diseases. This review underscores the importance of further in-depth research to validate the efficacy of antioxidants and traditional Chinese medicine in treatment plans, as well as to explore targeted interventions focused on oxidative stress as promising areas for future medical advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Xia
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Sixth People's HospitalKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Zhengyuan Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Yinhua Qian
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Haoqiang Huang
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
- Department of Sports MedicineHuashan Hospital, Fudan UniverstiyShanghaiChina
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
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Chen J, Hao Z, Li H, Wang J, Chen T, Wang Y, Shi G, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Li J. Osteoporotic osseointegration: therapeutic hallmarks and engineering strategies. Theranostics 2024; 14:3859-3899. [PMID: 38994021 PMCID: PMC11234277 DOI: 10.7150/thno.96516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease caused by an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. Current treatments primarily involve systemic medication and hormone therapy. However, these systemic treatments lack directionality and are often ineffective for locally severe osteoporosis, with the potential for complex adverse reactions. Consequently, treatment strategies using bioactive materials or external interventions have emerged as the most promising approaches. This review proposes twelve microenvironmental treatment targets for osteoporosis-related pathological changes, including local accumulation of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS), imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics, insulin resistance, disruption of bone cell autophagy, imbalance of bone cell apoptosis, changes in neural secretions, aging of bone cells, increased local bone tissue vascular destruction, and decreased regeneration. Additionally, this review examines the current research status of effective or potential biophysical and biochemical stimuli based on these microenvironmental treatment targets and summarizes the advantages and optimal parameters of different bioengineering stimuli to support preclinical and clinical research on osteoporosis treatment and bone regeneration. Finally, the review addresses ongoing challenges and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hanke Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
| | - Guang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Junwu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zepu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zheyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
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Niu Z, Zhou Y, Liang M, Su F, Guo Q, Jing J, Xie J, Zhang D, Liu X. Crosstalk between ALK3(BMPR1A) deficiency and autophagy signaling mitigates pathological bone loss in osteoporosis. Bone 2024; 182:117052. [PMID: 38408588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is recognized to be one of the major skeleton diseases strongly associated with impaired bone formation. Previous reports have indicated that the importance of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling of osteoblast lineage in bone development via classical Smad signaling, however, its critical role in osteoporosis is still not well understood. In the current study, we aim to investigate the pathological role of BMPR1A, a key receptor of BMPs, in osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. We first found that knockdown of BMPR1A by using Col1a1-creER in osteoblasts mitigated early bone loss of osteoporosis in mice, yet along with late bone maturation defects by reducing mineral adherence rate and bone formation rate in vivo. At the cellular level, we then observed that BMPR1A deficiency promoted the proliferation of pre-osteoblasts under osteoporotic conditions but hindered their late-stage mineralization. We finally elucidated that BMPR1A deficiency compensatorily triggered mTOR-autophagy perturbation by a higher level in early osteoporotic pre-osteoblasts thus resulting in the enhancement of transient cell proliferation but impairment of final mineralization. Taken together, this study indicated the significance of BMPR1A-mTOR/autophagy axis, as a double-edged sword, in osteoporotic bone formation and provided new cues for therapeutic strategies in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Muchun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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Liu Y, Zhou M, Wang R, Liang Y, Zhuang G, Chen X, Luo S, Cai Y, Song C, Liu L, Ma L, Yao W, Liu Y, Cui L. Alleviation of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats by Ethanolic Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke Extract. J Med Food 2024; 27:287-300. [PMID: 38442325 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Secondary osteoporosis is frequently due to the use of high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs). The existing strategy for managing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is considered insufficient and remains in a state of ongoing evolution. Therefore, it is crucial to develop more precise and effective agents for the treatment of GIOP. The constituents of Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke, specifically Polygonum multiflorum (PM) Thunb, have previously shown promise in mitigating osteopenia. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of an ethanolic PM extract (PMR30) against GIOP in male rats. Prednisone (6 mg/kg/day, GC) was continuously administered to rats to induce GIOP, and they were subjected to treatment with or without ethanolic PMR30 for a duration of 120 days. Serum was collected for biochemical marker analysis. Bone histomorphometric, histological, and TUNEL analyses were performed on tibia samples. The protein expressions of LC3, Agt5, and Beclin 1 in the femur underwent examination through western blotting. Prolonged and excessive GC treatment significantly impeded bone formation, concomitant with reduced bone mass and body weight. It also suppressed OCN and OPG/RANKL in serum, and decreased Beclin 1 and LC3 in bone. Simultaneously, there was an elevation in bone resorption markers and apoptosis. Treatments with both high dose and low dose of PMR30 alleviated GIOP, stimulated bone formation, and upregulated OCN and OPG/RANKL, while suppressing TRACP-5b, CTX-I, and apoptosis. The impact of PMR30 possibly involves the enhancement of autophagy proteins (LC3, Agt5, and Beclin 1) and the inhibition of apoptosis within the bone. PMR30 holds promise as a prospective therapeutic agent for preventing and treating GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Manru Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Vocational Institute of Public Administration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chemistry and Pharmacy Experimental Teaching Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuyu Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guangjie Zhuang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuelin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shiying Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuliang Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chuge Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lingna Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Luoyang Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drug, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Du YX, Zhao YT, Sun YX, Xu AH. Acid sphingomyelinase mediates ferroptosis induced by high glucose via autophagic degradation of GPX4 in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis. Mol Med 2023; 29:125. [PMID: 37710183 PMCID: PMC10500928 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis has been implicated in the pathological process of type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP), although the specific underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to clarify the role and possible mechanism of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-mediated osteoblast ferroptosis in T2DOP. METHODS We treated hFob1.19 cells with normal glucose (NG) and different concentrations of high glucose (HG, 26.25 mM, 35 mM, or 43.75 mM) for 48 h. We then measured cell viability and osteogenic function, quantified ferroptosis and autophagy levels, and measured the levels of ASM and ceramide in the cells. To further investigate the specific mechanism, we examined these indicators by knocking down ASM expression, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment, or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment. Moreover, a T2DOP rat model was induced and microcomputed tomography was used to observe the bone microstructure. We also evaluated the serum levels of iron metabolism-associated factors, ceramide and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and measured the expression of ASM, LC3 and GPX4 in bone tissues. RESULTS HG inhibited the viability and osteogenic function of osteoblasts by inducing ferroptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of ASM and ceramide and autophagy levels were increased by HG treatment, and these factors were required for the HG-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and LPO. Similarly, inhibiting intracellular ROS also reduced HG-induced ASM activation and autophagy. ASM-mediated activation of autophagy was crucial for HG-induced degradation of GPX4, and inhibiting ASM improved osteogenic function by decreasing HG-induced autophagy, GPX4 degradation, LPO and subsequent ferroptosis. We also found that inhibiting ASM could alleviated ferroptosis and autophagy and improved osteogenic function in a T2DOP rat model. CONCLUSION ASM-mediated autophagy activation induces osteoblast ferroptosis under HG conditions through the degradation of GPX4, providing a novel mechanistic insight into the treatment and prevention of T2DOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xia Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Tao Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Hua Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Ma C, Yu R, Li J, Chao J, Liu P. Targeting proteostasis network in osteoporosis: Pathological mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102024. [PMID: 37532006 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As the most common bone disease, osteoporosis (OP) increases bone fragility and makes patients more vulnerable to the threat of osteoporotic fractures. With the ageing population in today's society, OP has become a huge and growing public health problem. Unfortunately, the clear pathogenesis of OP is still under exploration, and effective interventions are still scarce. Therefore, exploring new targets for pharmacological interventions to develop promising therapeutic drugs for OP is of great clinical value. Previous studies have shown that normal bone remodeling depends on proteostasis, whereas loss of proteostasis during ageing leads to the dysfunctional proteostasis network (PN) that fails to maintain bone homeostasis. Nevertheless, only a few studies have revealed the pathophysiological relationship between bone metabolism and a single component of PN, yet the role of PN as a whole in the pathogenesis of OP is still under investigation. This review comprehensively summarized the role of PN in the pathogenesis of OP and further discussed the potential of PN as innovative drug targets for the therapy of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China; Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ronghui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiashuo Chao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China.
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Chen M, Fu W, Xu H, Liu CJ. Pathogenic mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 70:54-66. [PMID: 36906448 PMCID: PMC10518688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) is one of the most prescribed medicines to treat various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, high doses and long-term use of GCs lead to multiple adverse effects, particularly glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). Excessive GCs exert detrimental effects on bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, leading to impaired bone formation and resorption. The actions of exogenous GCs are considered to be strongly cell-type and dose dependent. GC excess inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and enhances the apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes, eventually contributing to reduced bone formation. Effects of GC excess on osteoclasts mainly include enhanced osteoclastogenesis, increased lifespan and number of mature osteoclasts, and diminished osteoclast apoptosis, which result in increased bone resorption. Furthermore, GCs have an impact on the secretion of bone cells, subsequently disturbing the process of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This review provides timely update and summary of recent discoveries in the field of GIO, with a particular focus on the effects of exogenous GCs on bone cells and the crosstalk among them under GC excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huiyun Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Zhang T, Zhao Z, Wang T. Pulsed electromagnetic fields as a promising therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1103515. [PMID: 36937753 PMCID: PMC10020513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1103515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is considered the third type of osteoporosis and is accompanied by high morbidity and mortality. Long-term usage of glucocorticoids (GCs) causes worsened bone quality and low bone mass via their effects on bone cells. Currently, there are various clinical pharmacological treatments to regulate bone mass and skeletal health. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are applied to treat patients suffering from delayed fracture healing and non-unions. PEMFs may be considered a potential and side-effect-free therapy for GIOP. PEMFs inhibit osteoclastogenesis, stimulate osteoblastogenesis, and affect the activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteocytes and blood vessels, ultimately leading to the retention of bone mass and strength. However, the underlying signaling pathways via which PEMFs influence GIOP remain unclear. This review attempts to summarize the underlying cellular mechanisms of GIOP. Furthermore, recent advances showing that PEMFs affect bone cells are discussed. Finally, we discuss the possibility of using PEMFs as therapy for GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Zhang
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhao
- Innovation Center for Wound Repair, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Tiantian Wang,
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11
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Huang J, Ye Y, Xiao Y, Ren Q, Zhou Q, Zhong M, Jiao L, Wu L. Geniposide ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoblast apoptosis by activating autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113829. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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12
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Autophagy Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Induced by Orthodontic Tension. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2983862. [PMID: 36248255 PMCID: PMC9553533 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2983862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth movement is the core of orthodontics. Osteogenesis of the tension side under orthodontic force has great significance on tooth movement and stability, which involves complex mechanical and biological signal transduction. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Through in vitro cell studies, we observed the increased expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors and autophagy-related factors during the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by orthodontic force. The change trend of autophagy-related factors and osteogenesis-related factors is similar, which indicates the involvement of autophagy in osteogenesis. In the study of autophagy-related gene ATG7 silenced cells, the expression level of autophagy was significantly inhibited, and the expression level of osteogenesis-related factors also decreased accordingly. Through drug regulation, we observed that the increase of autophagy level could effectively promote osteogenic differentiation, while the decrease of the autophagy level inhibited this process to some extent. Therefore, autophagy plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by orthodontic force, which provides a novel idea useful for orthodontic treatment in promoting periodontal tissue remodeling and accelerating tooth movement.
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13
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Jiang J, Zhao C, Han T, Shan H, Cui G, Li S, Xie Z, Wang J. Advanced Glycation End Products, Bone Health, and Diabetes
Mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 130:671-677. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1861-2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs), the compounds resulting from the
non-enzymatic glycosylation between reducing sugars and proteins, are derived
from food or produced de novo. Over time, more and more endogenous and
exogenous AGEs accumulate in various organs such as the liver, kidneys, muscle,
and bone, threatening human health. Among these organs, bone is most widely
reported. AGEs accumulating in bone reduce bone strength by participating in
bone structure formation and breaking bone homeostasis by binding their
receptors to alter the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cells
involved in bone remodeling. In this review, we summarize the research about the
effects of AGEs on bone health and highlight their associations with bone health
in diabetes patients to provide some clues toward the discovery of new treatment
and prevention strategies for bone-related diseases caused by AGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jiang
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West
Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Zhao
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West
Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui
Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, P. R.
China
| | - Hongyan Shan
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West
Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Guiyou Cui
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West
Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Songnan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product
Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science
and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou,
225009, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui
Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, P. R.
China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West
Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui
Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, P. R.
China
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14
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Zhu Y, Li Z, Sun X, Gao Y, Kang K, He J, Wu Y. Magnetic nanoparticle-infiltrated hydroxyapatite scaffolds accelerate osteoclast apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy-aggravated ER stress. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8244-8257. [PMID: 36131638 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01392d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since excessive bone resorption conducted by osteoclasts is considered as the leading cause of osteoporosis, particularly for postmenopausal osteoporosis, decreasing the osteoclast number is a potential therapeutic strategy. The present study aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of magnetic hydroxyapatite (MHA) scaffolds on inhibiting osteoclast proliferation and inducing osteoclast apoptosis simultaneously. Here, a magnetic nanoparticle-infiltrated hydroxyapatite scaffold has an inhibitory effect on osteoclast number via facilitating apoptosis and repressing proliferation, thus reversing the progression of osteoporosis in an ovariectomized rat model. This is mainly attributed to a suitable cellular microenvironment provided by magnetic scaffolds resulting in adequate ATP supply and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, as well as further inhibiting autophagy. Moreover, the downregulation of autophagy was not sufficient to resist excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in exacerbated cell apoptosis. These studies provided an effective magnetic strategy for reconstructing the balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and hold great potential for the clinical management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi University Town, Dongqing South Road, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.,Nano-drug Technology Research Center at Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yichun Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Ke Kang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Jing He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China.
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15
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Rai R, Singh KB, Khanka S, Maurya R, Singh D. Cladrin alleviates dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and promotes bone formation through autophagy induction via AMPK/mTOR signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:339-350. [PMID: 35998794 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common clinical consequence that arises due to the extensive usage of glucocorticoids. Cladrin (Clad), a methoxylated isoflavone has been reported to have a bone protecting effect by enhancing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. However, its consequences on GIOP are not reported yet. This study investigates whether Clad protects against the deleterious effects of Dexamethasone (Dex) on osteoblast and bone. Mice calvarial osteoblasts were treated with Clad and then exposed to Dex to study the effect on osteoblast differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Further, GIOP mice were treated with Clad (5 and 10 mg/kg) doses along with reference standard alendronate (ALN 3 mg/kg) for evaluation of bone protecting effect of Clad. We analyzed bone and vertebral microarchitecture, mechanical strength, and biochemical parameters. We observed that Clad at 10 nM concentration mitigated Dex-induced cytotoxicity and defend osteoblasts against apoptosis. Subsequent results demonstrate that Clad suppressed apoptosis of osteoblast in the presence of Dex by enhancing autophagy in a way that was reliant on the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Furthermore, micro-CT scanning, eco MRI results, and serum CTX levels revealed that 12 weeks of Clad treatment prevented bone loss and preserved trabecular bone mass in GIOP animals. We also observed that Clad treated osteoblasts had a lower rate of apoptosis and a greater LC3-II/LC3-I ratio than the Dex group. Our findings show that Clad can protect osteoblasts against glucocorticoids by inducing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Rai
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Krishna Bhan Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sonu Khanka
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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16
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A Review of Signaling Transduction Mechanisms in Osteoclastogenesis Regulation by Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179846. [PMID: 36077242 PMCID: PMC9456406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis is an ongoing rigorous course that includes osteoclast precursors fusion and bone resorption executed by degradative enzymes. Osteoclastogenesis is controlled by endogenous signaling and/or regulators or affected by exogenous conditions and can also be controlled both internally and externally. More evidence indicates that autophagy, inflammation, and immunity are closely related to osteoclastogenesis and involve multiple intracellular organelles (e.g., lysosomes and autophagosomes) and certain inflammatory or immunological factors. Based on the literature on osteoclastogenesis induced by different regulatory aspects, emerging basic cross-studies have reported the emerging disquisitive orientation for osteoclast differentiation and function. In this review, we summarize the partial potential therapeutic targets for osteoclast differentiation and function, including the signaling pathways and various cellular processes.
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17
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Wang T, Huang S, He C. Senescent cells: A therapeutic target for osteoporosis. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13323. [DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital and West China School of Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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18
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Li M, Yang N, Hao L, Zhou W, Li L, Liu L, Yang F, Xu L, Yao G, Zhu C, Xu W, Fang S. Melatonin Inhibits the Ferroptosis Pathway in Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Axis to Attenuate Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8223737. [PMID: 36035224 PMCID: PMC9410838 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8223737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Steroid-induced osteoporosis (SIOP) is a form of secondary osteoporosis, but its specific mechanism remains unclear. Glucocorticoid (GC-)-induced death of osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is an important factor in SIOP. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of programmed cell death and can be induced by many factors. Herein, we aimed to explore whether GCs cause ferroptosis of BMSCs, identify pathways as possible therapeutic targets, and determine the underlying mechanisms of action. In this study, we used high-dose dexamethasone (DEX) to observe whether GCs induce ferroptosis of BMSCs. Additionally, we established a rat SIOP model and then assessed whether melatonin (MT) could inhibit the ferroptosis pathway to provide early protection against GC-induced SIOP and investigated the signaling pathways involved. In vitro experiments confirmed that DEX induces ferroptosis in BMSCs. MT significantly alleviates GC-induced ferroptosis of BMSCs. Pathway analysis showed that MT ameliorates ferroptosis by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis. MT upregulates the expression of PI3K, which is an important regulator of ferroptosis resistance. PI3K activators mimic the antiferroptotic effect of MT, but when the PI3K pathway is blocked, the effect of MT is weakened. Using in vivo experiments, we confirmed the in vitro results and observed that MT can obviously protect against SIOP induced by GC. Notably, even after the initiation of GC-induced ferroptosis, MT can confer protection against SIOP. Our research confirms that GC-induced ferroptosis is closely related to SIOP. MT can inhibit ferroptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of SIOP. Therefore, MT may be a novel agent for preventing and treating SIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Li Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
| | - Shiyuan Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Lujiang Road No. 17, Hefei, 230001 Anhui, China
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19
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Song S, Guo Y, Yang Y, Fu D. Advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108168. [PMID: 35283172 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, is the most common bone disorder worldwide characterized by low bone mineral density, leaving affected bones vulnerable to fracture. Bone homeostasis depends on the precise balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone matrix formation by mesenchymal lineage osteoblasts, and involves a series of complex and highly regulated steps. Bone homeostasis will be disrupted when the speed of bone resorption is faster than bone formation. Based on various regulatory mechanisms of bone homeostasis, a series of drugs targeting osteoporosis have emerged in clinical practice, including bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, calcitonin, molecular-targeted drugs and so on. However, many drugs have major adverse effects or are unsuitable for long-term use. Therefore, it is very urgent to find more effective therapeutic drugs based on the new pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In this review, we summarize novel mechanisms involved in the pathological process of osteoporosis, including the roles of gut microbiome, autophagy, iron balance and cellular senescence. Based on the above pathological mechanism, we found promising drugs for osteoporosis treatment, such as: probiotics, alpha-ketoglutarate, senolytics and hydrogen sulfide. This new finding may provide an important basis for elucidating the complex pathological mechanisms of osteoporosis and provide promising drugs for clinical osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, PR China
| | - Yuehua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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20
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Lesovaya EA, Chudakova D, Baida G, Zhidkova EM, Kirsanov KI, Yakubovskaya MG, Budunova IV. The long winding road to the safer glucocorticoid receptor (GR) targeting therapies. Oncotarget 2022; 13:408-424. [PMID: 35198100 PMCID: PMC8858080 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (Gcs) are widely used to treat inflammatory diseases and hematological malignancies, and despite the introduction of novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer biologics, the use of inexpensive and effective Gcs is expected to grow. Unfortunately, chronic treatment with Gcs results in multiple atrophic and metabolic side effects. Thus, the search for safer glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-targeted therapies that preserve therapeutic potential of Gcs but result in fewer adverse effects remains highly relevant. Development of selective GR agonists/modulators (SEGRAM) with reduced side effects, based on the concept of dissociation of GR transactivation and transrepression functions, resulted in limited success, and currently focus has shifted towards partial GR agonists. Additional approach is the identification and inhibition of genes associated with Gcs specific side effects. Others and we recently identified GR target genes REDD1 and FKBP51 as key mediators of Gcs-induced atrophy, and selected and validated candidate molecules for REDD1 blockage including PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors. In this review, we summarized classic and contemporary approaches to safer GR-mediated therapies including unique concept of Gcs combination with REDD1 inhibitors. We discussed protective effects of REDD1 inhibitors against Gcs–induced atrophy in skin and bone and underlined the translational potential of this combination for further development of safer and effective Gcs-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Lesovaya
- Deparment of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin NMRCO, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Oncology, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Daria Chudakova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gleb Baida
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ekaterina M. Zhidkova
- Deparment of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin NMRCO, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill I. Kirsanov
- Deparment of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin NMRCO, Moscow, Russia
- Deparment of General Medical Practice, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna G. Yakubovskaya
- Deparment of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin NMRCO, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Ramser A, Greene E, Alrubaye AA, Wideman R, Dridi S. Role of Autophagy Machinery Dysregulation in Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO). Poult Sci 2022; 101:101750. [PMID: 35278754 PMCID: PMC8914211 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cell survival and homeostasis mechanism involving lysosomal degradation of cellular components and foreign bodies. It plays a role in bone homeostasis, skeletal diseases, and bacterial infections as both a cell-survival or cell-death pathway. This study sought to determine if autophagy played a role in bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO). BCO is a prominent cause of lameness in modern broilers and results from bacterial infection of mechanically stressed leg bone growth plates. The protein and gene expression of key autophagy machinery was analyzed in both normal and BCO-affected broilers using real-time qPCR and immunoblot, respectively. Gene expression showed a significant downregulation of key target signatures involved in every stage of autophagy in BCO-affected bone, such as ATG13, SQSTM1 (p62), ATG9B, ATG16L, ATG12, LC3C, and RAB7A. Additionally, protein expression for LC3 was also significantly lower in BCO. An in vitro study using human fetal osteoblast cells challenged with BCO isolate, Staphylococcus agnetis 908, showed a similar dysregulation of autophagy machinery along with a significant decrease in cell viability. When autophagy was inhibited via 3-methyladenine or chloroquine, comparable decreases in cell viability were seen along with dysregulation of autophagy machinery. Together, these results are the first to implicate autophagy machinery dysregulation in the pathology of BCO.
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22
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Shen G, Shang Q, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Chen H, Mijiti I, Chen G, Yu X, Yu F, Zhang P, He J, Zhang X, Tang J, Cui J, Liang D, Zeng L, Ren H, Jiang X. Zuo-Gui-Wan Aqueous Extract Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Spinal Osteoporosis of Rats by Regulating let-7f and Autophagy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878963. [PMID: 35592785 PMCID: PMC9111739 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study proposes to explore the protective effect of Zuo-Gui-Wan (ZGW) aqueous extract on spinal glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms of ZGW in GIOP and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were conducted. METHODS In vivo, SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CON), dexamethasone (DEXM) group, and ZGW group, which were given vehicle, DEXM injection, and ZGW intragastric administration at the same time. Vertebral bone microarchitecture, biomechanics, histomorphology, serum AKP activity, and the autophagosome of osteoblasts were examined. The mRNA expressions of let-7f, autophagy-associated genes (mTORC1, Beclin-1, ATG12, ATG5, and LC3), Runx2, and CTSK were examined. In vitro, the let-7f overexpression/silencing vector was constructed and transfected to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Western blot was employed to detect the expression of autophagy-associated proteins (ULK2, ATG5, ATG12, Beclin-1, LC3). RESULTS In vivo, ZGW promoted the bone quantity, quality, and strength; alleviated histological damage; increased the serum AKP activity; and reduced the autophagosome number in osteoblasts. Moreover, ZGW increased the let-7f, mTORC1, and Runx2 mRNA expressions and reduced the Beclin-1, ATG12, ATG5, LC3, and CTSK mRNA expressions. In vitro, bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified that let-7f targeted the binding to ULK2 and negatively regulated the ULK2 expression. Furthermore, by let-7f overexpression/silencing, ZGW may promote osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs by regulating let-7f and autophagy as evidenced by Western blot (ULK2, ATG5, ATG12, Beclin-1, LC3). CONCLUSIONS ZGW may ameliorate GC-induced spinal osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs by activation of let-7f and suppression of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ibrayinjan Mijiti
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Kashgar, Kashgar, China
| | - Guifeng Chen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyong Yu
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui He
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuelai Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Cui
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
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Zhang Q, Xiao L, Xiao Y. Porous Nanomaterials Targeting Autophagy in Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1572. [PMID: 34683866 PMCID: PMC8540591 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous nanomaterials (PNMs) are nanosized materials with specially designed porous structures that have been widely used in the bone tissue engineering field due to the fact of their excellent physical and chemical properties such as high porosity, high specific surface area, and ideal biodegradability. Currently, PNMs are mainly used in the following four aspects: (1) as an excellent cargo to deliver bone regenerative growth factors/drugs; (2) as a fluorescent material to trace cell differentiation and bone formation; (3) as a raw material to synthesize or modify tissue engineering scaffolds; (4) as a bio-active substance to regulate cell behavior. Recent advances in the interaction between nanomaterials and cells have revealed that autophagy, a cellular survival mechanism that regulates intracellular activity by degrading/recycling intracellular metabolites, providing energy/nutrients, clearing protein aggregates, destroying organelles, and destroying intracellular pathogens, is associated with the phagocytosis and clearance of nanomaterials as well as material-induced cell differentiation and stress. Autophagy regulates bone remodeling balance via directly participating in the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Moreover, autophagy can regulate bone regeneration by modulating immune cell response, thereby modulating the osteogenic microenvironment. Therefore, autophagy may serve as an effective target for nanomaterials to facilitate the bone regeneration process. Increasingly, studies have shown that PNMs can modulate autophagy to regulate bone regeneration in recent years. This paper summarizes the current advances on the main application of PNMs in bone regeneration, the critical role of autophagy in bone regeneration, and the mechanism of PNMs regulating bone regeneration by targeting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lan Xiao
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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24
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Tong X, Min W, Li S, Chen M, Song R, Bian J, Gu J, Liu Z. Beclin 1 positively regulates osteoprotegerin-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by increasing autophagy in vitro. Differentiation 2021; 121:35-43. [PMID: 34454349 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis is induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and can be suppressed by osteoprotegerin (OPG). Beclin1 has a dual role in osteoclastogenesis. However, the role of Beclin1-mediated autophagy during OPG-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis remains unclear. Here, we found that Beclin1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression were increased during osteoclastogenesis. OPG (20, 40, and 80 ng/mL) decreased Src and MMP-9 expression, but augmented Beclin1 expression and fluorescence intensity. Similarly, treatment with the autophagy activator rapamycin increased Beclin1 expression during OPG-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Further, Beclin1 knockdown restored osteoclast numbers by reducing autophagy during OPG-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. These results indicate that Beclin1 has a positive role during OPG-induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by regulating autophagy, which might provide a potential basis for osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Tong
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66502, Kansas, USA
| | - Wenyan Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Saihui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China.
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25
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Povoroznyuk VV, Dedukh NV, Bystrytska MA, Shapovalov VS. Bone remodeling stages under physiological conditions and glucocorticoid in excess: Focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides a rationale for the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling stages under physiological conditions and glucocorticoids (GCs) in excess. Remodeling is a synchronous process involving bone resorption and formation, proceeding through stages of: (1) resting bone, (2) activation, (3) bone resorption, (4) reversal, (5) formation, (6) termination. Bone remodeling is strictly controlled by local and systemic regulatory signaling molecules. This review presents current data on the interaction of osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone remodeling and defines the role of osteoprogenitor cells located above the resorption area in the form of canopies and populating resorption cavities. The signaling pathways of proliferation, differentiation, viability, and cell death during remodeling are presented. The study of signaling pathways is critical to understanding bone remodeling under normal and pathological conditions. The main signaling pathways that control bone resorption and formation are RANK / RANKL / OPG; M-CSF – c-FMS; canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways Wnt; Notch; MARK; TGFβ / SMAD; ephrinB1/ephrinB2 – EphB4, TNFα – TNFβ, and Bim – Bax/Bak. Cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcitonin, and estrogens also act as regulators of bone remodeling. The role of non-encoding microRNAs and long RNAs in the process of bone cell differentiation has been established. MicroRNAs affect many target genes, have both a repressive effect on bone formation and activate osteoblast differentiation in different ways. Excess of glucocorticoids negatively affects all stages of bone remodeling, disrupts molecular signaling, induces apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts in different ways, and increases the life cycle of osteoclasts. Glucocorticoids disrupt the reversal stage, which is critical for the subsequent stages of remodeling. Negative effects of GCs on signaling molecules of the canonical Wingless (WNT)/β-catenin pathway and other signaling pathways impair osteoblastogenesis. Under the influence of excess glucocorticoids biosynthesis of biologically active growth factors is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the expression by osteoblasts of molecules that form the osteoid. Glucocorticoids stimulate the expression of mineralization inhibitor proteins, osteoid mineralization is delayed, which is accompanied by increased local matrix demineralization. Although many signaling pathways involved in bone resorption and formation have been discovered and described, the temporal and spatial mechanisms of their sequential turn-on and turn-off in cell proliferation and differentiation require additional research.
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Paeoniflorin Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Apoptosis of Osteoblast Cells and Promotes Bone Formation via Regulating AKT/mTOR/Autophagy Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6623464. [PMID: 33880124 PMCID: PMC8046541 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6623464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin, a natural product derived from Paeonia lactiflora, possesses diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antidiabetic effects. It has been reported for promoting osteoblastogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of paeoniflorin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in vitro and in vivo. MC3T3-E1 cells were incubated with dexamethasone (DEX; 200 μM) and/or paeoniflorin (10 μM), followed by the investigation of cell proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, apoptosis, and autophagy. The AKT activator SC79 was used for evaluating the involvement of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. After DEX pretreatments, paeoniflorin promoted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization characterized by increase in Runx2, ALP, beclin-1, and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio levels and a decrease in apoptosis. The autophagy-promoting effects of paeoniflorin were reversed by SC79. C57BL/6 mice were given DEX (1 mg/kg) once daily and paeoniflorin (15 mg/kg) 48 hours for a total of 8 weeks followed by the investigation of histological changes, the trabecular bone microarchitecture, and the levels of bone turnover markers. The results showed that paeoniflorin increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and upregulated the expression of osteocalcin and beclin-1 but reduced the levels of Bax and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1). Thus, paeoniflorin may alleviate DEX-induced osteoporosis by promoting osteogenic differentiation and autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Liu F, Yuan Y, Bai L, Yuan L, Li L, Liu J, Chen Y, Lu Y, Cheng J, Zhang J. LRRc17 controls BMSC senescence via mitophagy and inhibits the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Redox Biol 2021; 43:101963. [PMID: 33865167 PMCID: PMC8066428 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has been widely reported to be closely correlated with aging-related diseases, including osteoporosis (OP). Moreover, the beneficial functions of BMSCs decline with age, limiting their therapeutic efficacy in OP. In the present study, using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), we found that leucine-rich repeat containing 17 (LRRc17) expression in BMSCs was highly positively correlated with age. Therefore, we investigated whether LRRc17 knockdown could rejuvenate aged MSCs and increase their therapeutic efficacy in OP. Consistent with the RNA-Seq results, the protein expression of LRRc17 in senescent BMSCs was significantly increased, whereas LRRc17 knockdown inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced the expression of age-related proteins and G2 and S phase quiescence. Furthermore, LRRc17 knockdown shifted BMSCs from adipogenic to osteogenic differentiation, indicating the critical role of LRRc17 in BMSC senescence and differentiation. Additionally, similar to rapamycin (RAPA) treatment, LRRc17 knockdown activated mitophagy via inhibition of the mTOR/PI3K pathway, which consequently reduced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited BMSC senescence. However, the effects of LRRc17 knockdown were significantly blocked by the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), demonstrating that LRRc17 knockdown prevented BMSC senescence by activating mitophagy. In vivo, compared with untransfected aged mouse-derived BMSCs (O-BMSCs), O-BMSCs transfected with sh-LRRc17 showed effective amelioration of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss. Collectively, these results indicated that LRRc17 knockdown rejuvenated senescent BMSCs and thus enhanced their therapeutic efficacy in OP by activating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China; Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Longhui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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28
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Zhang Y, Li M, Liu Z, Fu Q. Arbutin ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis through activating autophagy in osteoblasts. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1650-1659. [PMID: 33757338 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic long-term glucocorticoid use causes osteoporosis partly by interrupting osteoblast homeostasis and exacerbating bone loss. Arbutin, a natural hydroquinone glycoside, has been reported to have biological activities related to the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. However, the role and underlying mechanism of arbutin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that arbutin administration ameliorated osteoporotic disorders in glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex)-induced mouse model, including attenuating the loss of bone mass and trabecular microstructure, promoting bone formation, suppressing bone resorption, and activating autophagy in bone tissues. Furthermore, Dex-stimulated mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with arbutin. Arbutin treatment rescued Dex-induced repression of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, the downregulation of osteogenic gene expression, reduced autophagic marker expression, and decreased autophagic puncta formation. The application of autophagy inhibitor 3-MA decreased autophagy, differentiation, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells triggered by arbutin. Taken together, our findings suggest that arbutin treatment fends off glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, partly through promoting differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts by autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Ziyun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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29
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Qin H, Zhao W, Jiao Y, Zheng H, Zhang H, Jin J, Li Q, Chen X, Gao X, Han Y. Aqueous Extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge- Radix Puerariae Herb Pair Attenuates Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats Through Suppressing Osteoclast Differentiation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:581049. [PMID: 33708107 PMCID: PMC7941748 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herb pair Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Radix Puerariae (DG) owns various biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is one high-risk factor for osteoporosis, then effect of DG on osteoporosis and underlying mechanisms was explored both in vivo and in vitro. Firstly, the predication from network pharmacology hinted that DG has the potential for ameliorating osteoporosis. Consistent with predication, DG significantly restored bone loss and deficiency of type II collagen, decreased TRAP and Cathepsin K positive areas in femur. Meanwhile it improved important characteristics of microarchitectural deterioration of tissue, reduced the numbers of NFATc1-positive osteoclast in the vertebra as well as decreased the serum osteoclast-specific cytokine RANKL and OPG release in OVX rats exhibiting its protective effect against osteoporosis. In vitro, DG noticeably decreased osteoclastic-special marker protein expressions of RANK, c-Fos and NFATc1. Furthermore, autophagy pathway p62/LC3B, ROS production and NF-κB were all activated by RANKL stimulation and blocked by DG pretreatment. Moreover, autophagy inhibitors, ROS scavenger, Ca2+ chelator and NF-κB inhibitor remarkably suppressed c-Fos and NFATc1 expressions. Taken together, DG may ameliorate osteoporosis by regulating osteoclast differentiation mediated by autophagy and oxidative stress. This study provided a mechanistic basis for DG treating osteoporosis and offered a safe dose for DG in preventing and improving bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haoyi Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingyu Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiu Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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30
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Luo T, Fu X, Liu Y, Ji Y, Shang Z. Sulforaphane Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis via Suppression of the Autophagic Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020347. [PMID: 33445451 PMCID: PMC7830922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that sulforaphane (SFN) is a promising agent against osteoclastic bone destruction. However, the mechanism underlying its anti-osteoclastogenic activity is still unclear. Herein, for the first time, we explored the potential role of autophagy in SFN-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We established an osteoclastogenesis model using receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL)-induced RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed the formation of osteoclasts. We observed autophagosomes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro, we found that SFN inhibited osteoclastogenesis (number of osteoclasts: 22.67 ± 0.88 in the SFN (0) group vs. 20.33 ± 1.45 in the SFN (1 μM) group vs. 13.00 ± 1.00 in the SFN (2.5 μM) group vs. 6.66 ± 1.20 in the SFN (2.5 μM) group), decreased the number of autophagosomes, and suppressed the accumulation of several autophagic proteins in osteoclast precursors. The activation of autophagy by rapamycin (RAP) almost reversed the SFN-elicited anti-osteoclastogenesis (number of osteoclasts: 22.67 ± 0.88 in the control group vs. 13.00 ± 1.00 in the SFN group vs. 17.33 ± 0.33 in the SFN+RAP group). Furthermore, Western blot (WB) analysis revealed that SFN inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The JNK activator anisomycin significantly promoted autophagy, whereas the inhibitor SP600125 markedly suppressed autophagic activation in pre-osteoclasts. Microcomputed tomography (CT), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to analyze the results in vivo. Consistent with the in vitro results, we found that the administration of SFN could decrease the number of osteoclasts and the expression of autophagic light chain 3 (LC3) and protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced calvarial erosion. Our findings highlight autophagy as a crucial mechanism of SFN-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis and show that the JNK signaling pathway participates in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiazhou Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaoli Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaoting Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-138-8607-0344 (Y.J.); +86-27-8768-6129 (Z.S.)
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-138-8607-0344 (Y.J.); +86-27-8768-6129 (Z.S.)
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31
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Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely prescribed to treat various allergic and autoimmune diseases; however, long-term use results in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, characterized by consistent changes in bone remodeling with decreased bone formation as well as increased bone resorption. Not only bone mass but also bone quality decrease, resulting in an increased incidence of fractures. The primary role of autophagy is to clear up damaged cellular components such as long-lived proteins and organelles, thus participating in the conservation of different cells. Apoptosis is the physiological death of cells, and plays a crucial role in the stability of the environment inside a tissue. Available basic and clinical studies indicate that autophagy and apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids can regulate bone metabolism through complex mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the relationship between apoptosis, autophagy and bone metabolism related to glucocorticoids, providing a theoretical basis for therapeutic targets to rescue bone mass and bone quality in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Florencio-Silva R, Sasso GRDS, Sasso-Cerri E, Simões MDJ, Cerri PS. Immunoexpression pattern of autophagy mediators in alveolar bone osteoclasts following estrogen withdrawal in female rats. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:321-333. [PMID: 33409945 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
It is known that estrogen deficiency increases osteoclast formation and activity. Autophagy, a cell survival pathway, has been shown to be crucial for osteoclast function. However, little is known about the effects of estrogen depletion on osteoclast autophagy. Here, we evaluated the effects of estrogen deficiency in the immunoexpression of autophagy mediators in alveolar bone osteoclasts of ovariectomized rats. Twelve adult female rats were ovariectomized (OVX-group) or SHAM-operated (SHAM-group). After three weeks, the rats were euthanized and maxillary fragments containing alveolar bone of the first molars were processed for light microscopy or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Paraffin-sections were subjected to the TRAP method (osteoclast marker) or to the immunohistochemical detections of beclin-1, LC3α, and p62 (autophagy mediators); araldite-sections were processed for TEM. The number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and the number of immunolabeled-multinucleated cells (MNCs) along the alveolar bone surface of the first molar were computed. The number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and the number of beclin-1-, LC3α- and p62-immunolabelled osteoclasts were significantly higher in OVX-group than the SHAM-group. MNCs were frequently located juxtaposed to Howship lacunae along the alveolar bone surface, indicating that these cells are osteoclasts. TEM revealed osteoclasts exhibiting autophagosomes. Our data indicate that autophagy plays an important role during estrogen deficiency-induced osteoclastogenesis. Thus, our results contribute to a better understanding on the role of autophagy on osteoclasts under estrogenic deficiency, and reinforce the idea that modulation of autophagy may be a useful tool to inhibit excessive oral bone resorption in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Florencio-Silva
- Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Gisela Rodrigues da Silva Sasso
- Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Estela Sasso-Cerri
- Araraquara - Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina - EPM, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Araraquara - Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brasil
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Tong X, Chen M, Song R, Zhao H, Bian J, Gu J, Liu Z. Overexpression of c-Fos reverses osteoprotegerin-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis by increasing the Beclin1-induced autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:937-945. [PMID: 33277741 PMCID: PMC7812271 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis requires the involvement of transcription factors and degrading enzymes, and is regulated by upstream and downstream signalling. However, c-Fos how regulates osteoclastogenesis through autophagy remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of c-Fos during osteoprotegerin (OPG)-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis. We found that the number of osteoclasts and the expression of c-Fos, MMP-9, CAⅡ, Src and p62 were decreased after treated with OPG, including attenuation the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways, but the expression of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ were increased. Knockdown of Beclin1 could reverse the expression of c-Fos and MMP-9 by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, but inhibiting the autophagy and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathway. In addition, inhibition of autophagy using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 did not rescues OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis, but caused reduction of the expression of c-Fos and CAⅡ by attenuating the autophagy, as well as the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways. Furthermore, continuous activation of c-Fos could reverse OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis by activating the autophagy and the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways. Thus, overexpression of c-Fos could reverse OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis via activation of Beclin1-induced autophagy, indicating c-Fos might serve as a new candidate for bone-related basic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Tong
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
- Center of Excellence for Vector‐Borne DiseasesDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Jianchun Bian
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
| | - Jianhong Gu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
| | - Zongping Liu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
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Zheng H, Feng H, Zhang W, Han Y, Zhao W. Targeting autophagy by natural product Ursolic acid for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115271. [PMID: 33065153 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the growth of the aging population, osteoporosis is becoming a global health problem. Ursolic acid (UA) is an active ingredient existed in a variety of foods and nature plants and owns plenty of pharmacological effects especially in treating metabolic disease. Our predication from network pharmacology hinted that UA has potential for ameliorating osteoporosis. Firstly through in vivo experiment, we confirmed that UA administration obviously protected against ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in rats by improving microarchitectural deterioration of trabecular bone (P < 0.001), decreasing numbers of TRAP positive osteoclast in vertebra (P < 0.001), as well as decreasing serum osteoclast-specific cytokines release (P < 0.001). Besides, UA ameliorated kidney damage secondary to OVX-induced osteoporosis by ameliorating glomerular atrophy, decreasing BUN and creatinine levels in OVX rats. In vitro, UA noticeably decreased osteoclastic-special marker proteins c-Fos and NFATc1 expressions (P < 0.001) in response to RANKL stimulation in macrophagy. Importantly, autophagy pathway was activated in the process of osteoclast differentiation and blocked by UA pretreatment. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitors suppressed osteoclast differentiation (P < 0.001). Collectively, UA may ameliorate osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclast differentiation mediated by autophagy. Our research provides scientific support for UA treating osteoporosis and offers an optimal dose for daily intake of UA safely to prevent bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Zheng
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Haitao Feng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yantao Han
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China.
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Osteocyte apoptosis: the roles and key molecular mechanisms in resorption-related bone diseases. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:846. [PMID: 33046704 PMCID: PMC7552426 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Vital osteocytes have been well known to function as an important orchestrator in the preservation of robustness and fidelity of the bone remodeling process. Nevertheless, some key pathological factors, such as sex steroid deficiency and excess glucocorticoids, and so on, are implicated in inducing a bulk of apoptotic osteocytes, subsequently resulting in resorption-related bone loss. As much, osteocyte apoptosis, under homeostatic conditions, is in an optimal state of balance tightly controlled by pro- and anti-apoptotic mechanism pathways. Importantly, there exist many essential signaling proteins in the process of osteocyte apoptosis, which has a crucial role in maintaining a homeostatic environment. While increasing in vitro and in vivo studies have established, in part, key signaling pathways and cross-talk mechanism on osteocyte apoptosis, intrinsic and complex mechanism underlying osteocyte apoptosis occurs in various states of pathologies remains ill-defined. In this review, we discuss not only essential pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways and key biomarkers involved in these key mechanisms under different pathological agents, but also the pivotal role of apoptotic osteocytes in osteoclastogenesis-triggered bone loss, hopefully shedding new light on the attractive and proper actions of pharmacotherapeutics of targeting apoptosis and ensuing resorption-related bone diseases such as osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
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Liu D, Ge L, Wang Q, Su J, Chen X, Wang C, Huang K. Low-level contamination of deoxynivalenol: A threat from environmental toxins to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105949. [PMID: 32673909 PMCID: PMC7357974 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungal species that commonly present in the global environment, especially in cereals and animal forages. The changing global environment may further increase the exposure to these toxins, posing a serious threat to humans and animals. Recently, coronavirus has become one of the most important pathogens threatening human and animal health. It is not clear whether environmental toxins, such as mycotoxins, will affect coronavirus infection. Given that pigs are among the animals most affected by coronavirus and highly homologous to humans, weaned piglets and IPEC-J2 cells were respectively chosen as in vivo and in vitro model to explore the impacts of deoxynivalenol (DON), the most abundant trichothecene mycotoxin in feed, on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection and the mechanisms involved. In vivo, twenty-seven piglets infected naturally with PEDV were randomly divided into three groups, receiving the basal diet containing 0, 750 and 1500 μg/kg DON, respectively. Significant increases in the diarrhea rates, gut barrier injury and PEDV proliferation of piglets' small intestine were observed in experimental groups compared with the control. Additionally, the autophagosome-like vesicles and the autophagy-related proteins expression were also increased in experimental groups. In vitro, we observed that 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 μM DON significantly promoted the entry and replication of PEDV in IPEC-J2 cells, along with the induction of a complete autophagy. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of LC3B indicated a vital role of autophagy in the promotion. Pretreatment with p38 signaling inhibitor could significantly block the induction of autophagy, indicating that DON could promote the PEDV infection by triggering p38-mediated autophagy. Our findings suggest that mycotoxin could influence the prevalence of coronavirus and provide new ideas for the prevention and control of coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiarui Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Proanthocyanidins-Mediated Nrf2 Activation Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Osteoblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9102012. [PMID: 33062149 PMCID: PMC7533007 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9102012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of therapeutic glucocorticoids has increased the frequency of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). One of the potential pathological processes of GIOP is an increased level of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which eventually leads to osteoblast apoptosis. Proanthocyanidins (PAC) are plant-derived antioxidants that have therapeutic potential against GIOP. In our study, a low dose of PAC was nontoxic to healthy osteoblasts and restored osteogenic function in dexamethasone- (Dex-) treated osteoblasts by suppressing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Mechanistically, PAC neutralized Dex-induced damage in the osteoblasts by activating the Nrf2 pathway, since silencing Nrf2 partly eliminated the protective effects of PAC. Furthermore, PAC injection restored bone mass and promoted the expression of Nrf2 in the distal femur of Dex-treated osteoporotic rats. In summary, PAC protect osteoblasts against Dex-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via the Nrf2 pathway activation and may be a promising drug for treating GIOP.
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Moss JJ, Hammond CL, Lane JD. Zebrafish as a model to study autophagy and its role in skeletal development and disease. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 154:549-564. [PMID: 32915267 PMCID: PMC7609422 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, research using zebrafish as a model organism has increased immensely. With the many advantages that zebrafish offer such as high fecundity, optical transparency, ex vivo development, and genetic tractability, they are well suited to studying developmental processes and the effect of genetic mutations. More recently, zebrafish models have been used to study autophagy. This important protein degradation pathway is needed for cell and tissue homeostasis in a variety of contexts. Correspondingly, its dysregulation has been implicated in multiple diseases including skeletal disorders. In this review, we explore how zebrafish are being used to study autophagy in the context of skeletal development and disease, and the ways these areas are intersecting to help identify potential therapeutic targets for skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna J Moss
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chrissy L Hammond
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Jon D Lane
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Alleviation by Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo Decoction in High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury by Inhibiting the Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Resulting in Activation of Podocyte Autophagy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7809427. [PMID: 32963573 PMCID: PMC7486640 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7809427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Organ fibrosis is a common endpoint of a variety of diseases. Many studies have shown that the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is related to the excessive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on podocytes, so the treatment of DKD starts from this signaling pathway. At the same time, DKD, as a metabolic disease, has many connections related to podocyte autophagy. Objectives We experimented the effects of Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo decoction (MFSD) which is the combination of Mahuang Fuzi decoction and Shenzhuo decoction in traditional Chinese medicine compounds used "The Golden Chamber" in high glucose-induced podocytes, determined whether this effect was related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and further investigated the relationship between this effect and autophagy. Methods The mice podocytes were stimulated by using 30 mmol/L of high glucose and serum containing MFSD or Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor DKK1 (100 ng/ml) was used to intervene podocytes before high glucose stimulation. Podocyte injury-related proteins, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins, and autophagy-related proteins were detected by using western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. Results Our results showed that DKK1 and MFSD treatment significantly upregulated the protein expressions of nephrin, podocin, podocalyxin, and podoplanin in high glucose-induced podocytes and downregulated the β-catenin protein expression. Furthermore, the protein expressions of beclin1, LC3B, and P62 were also significantly increased in high glucose-induced podocytes. Conclusion Our experiments confirmed that the destruction of podocytes in DKD is related to the excessive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the inhibition of autophagy after activation. MFSD treatment can inhibit the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in podocytes stimulated by high glucose and helpful in reducing the podocyte injury. This protective mechanism can be related to the enhancement of podocyte autophagy by MFSD treatment.
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40
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Li X, Xu J, Dai B, Wang X, Guo Q, Qin L. Targeting autophagy in osteoporosis: From pathophysiology to potential therapy. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101098. [PMID: 32535273 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by the loss of bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration of bone tissue, attributed to various factors, including menopause (primary), aging (primary) and adverse effects of relevant medications (secondary). In recent decades, knowledge regarding the etiological mechanisms underpinning osteoporosis emphasizes that bone cellular homeostasis, including the maintenance of cell functions, differentiation, and the response to stress, is tightly regulated by autophagy, which is a cell survival mechanism for eliminating and recycling damaged proteins and organelles. With the important roles in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and organ function, autophagy has emerged as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In this review, we update and discuss the pathophysiology of autophagy in normal bone cell life cycle and metabolism. Then, the alternations of autophagy in primary and secondary osteoporosis, and the accompanied pathological process are discussed. Finally, we discuss current strategies, limitations, and challenges involved in targeting relevant pathways and propose strategies by which such hurdles may be circumvented in the future for their translation into clinical validations and applications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Chen L, Shi X, Weng SJ, Xie J, Tang JH, Yan DY, Wang BZ, Xie ZJ, Wu ZY, Yang L. Vitamin K2 Can Rescue the Dexamethasone-Induced Downregulation of Osteoblast Autophagy and Mitophagy Thereby Restoring Osteoblast Function In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1209. [PMID: 32848799 PMCID: PMC7431688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic long-term glucocorticoids (GC) use is associated with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) by inhibiting the survival and impairing the functions of osteoblasts. Autophagy and mitophagy play key roles in osteoblast differentiation, mineralization and survival, and mounting evidence have implicated osteoblast autophagy and mitophagy as a novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of GIOP. Vitamin K2 (VK2) is an essential nutrient supplement that have been shown to exert protective effects against osteoporotic bone loss including GIOP. In this study, we showed that the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) deregulated osteoblast autophagy and mitophagy by downregulating the expression of autophagic and mitophagic markers LC3-II, PINK1, Parkin. This consequently led to inhibition of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization function in vitro. Interestingly, co-treatment with VK2 significantly attenuated the Dex-induced downregulation of LC3-II, PINK1, Parkin, thereby restoring autophagic and mitophagic processes and normal osteoblastic activity. In addition, using an established rat model of GIOP, we showed that VK2 administration can protect rats against the deleterious effects of Dex on bone by reinstating autophagic and mitophagic activities in bone tissues. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the role of osteoblast autophagy and mitophagy in GIOP. Additionally, the use of VK2 supplementation to augment osteoblast autophagy/mitophagy may significantly improve clinical outcomes of GIOP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Shi
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - She-Ji Weng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - De-Yi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bing-Zhang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zong-Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
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Chotiyarnwong P, McCloskey EV. Pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and options for treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:437-447. [PMID: 32286516 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used to suppress inflammation or the immune system. High doses and long-term use of glucocorticoids lead to an important and common iatrogenic complication, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, in a substantial proportion of patients. Glucocorticoids mainly increase bone resorption during the initial phase (the first year of treatment) by enhancing the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts. Glucocorticoids also inhibit osteoblastogenesis and promote apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes, resulting in decreased bone formation during long-term use. Several indirect effects of glucocorticoids on bone metabolism, such as suppression of production of insulin-like growth factor 1 or growth hormone, are involved in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Fracture risk assessment for all patients with long-term use of oral glucocorticoids is required. Non-pharmacological interventions to manage the risk of fracture should be prescribed to all patients, while pharmacological management is reserved for patients who have increased fracture risk. Various treatment options can be used, ranging from bisphosphonates to denosumab, as well as teriparatide. Finally, appropriate monitoring during treatment is also important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojchong Chotiyarnwong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre For Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Eugene V McCloskey
- Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre For Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Centre for Metabolic Diseases, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK.
- Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK.
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Xu X, Wang R, Wu R, Yan W, Shi T, Jiang Q, Shi D. Trehalose reduces bone loss in experimental biliary cirrhosis rats via ERK phosphorylation regulation by enhancing autophagosome formation. FASEB J 2020; 34:8402-8415. [PMID: 32367591 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902528rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingquan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Tianshu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Dongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing P.R. China
- Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC) Nanjing University Nanjing P.R. China
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Biological Factors, Metals, and Biomaterials Regulating Osteogenesis through Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082789. [PMID: 32316424 PMCID: PMC7215394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss raises great concern in numerous situations, such as ageing and many diseases and in both orthopedic and dentistry fields of application, with an extensive impact on health care. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and the determinants that can regulate osteogenesis and ensure bone balance. Autophagy is a well conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, which is known to be highly active during differentiation and development. This review provides a revision of the literature on all the exogen factors that can modulate osteogenesis through autophagy regulation. Metal ion exposition, mechanical stimuli, and biological factors, including hormones, nutrients, and metabolic conditions, were taken into consideration for their ability to tune osteogenic differentiation through autophagy. In addition, an exhaustive overview of biomaterials, both for orthopedic and dentistry applications, enhancing osteogenesis by modulation of the autophagic process is provided as well. Already investigated conditions regulating bone regeneration via autophagy need to be better understood for finely tailoring innovative therapeutic treatments and designing novel biomaterials.
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Li N, Zhang RX, Xie XJ, Gu HF. Autophagy in chronic stress induced atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Du Y, Li P, Wen Y, Liang X, Liu L, Cheng B, Ding M, Zhao Y, Ma M, Zhang L, Cheng S, Guo X, Zhang F. Evaluating the Correlations Between Osteoporosis and Lifestyle-Related Factors Using Transcriptome-Wide Association Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 106:256-263. [PMID: 31832726 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a multi-factorial bone disease influenced by genetic factors, age, and lifestyles. The aim of this study is to evaluate the genetic correlations between OP and multiple lifestyle-related factors, and explore the genes underlying the detected genetic correlations. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis was applied to evaluate the genetic correlations of total body bone mineral density (TB-BMD) of different ages (including 15-30 years, 30-45 years, 45-60 years, and over 60 years) with four common lifestyle/environment-related factors (including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, cigarette smoking, alcohol dependence, and caffeine metabolites). Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) of TB-BMD (30-45 years) and smoking were conducted in peripheral blood (PB), whole blood (WB), and adipose tissues. The identified candidate genes were also subjected to gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Genetic correlation was only observed between TB-BMD (30-45 years) and cigarette smoking status (P = 0.01, LD score = 0.11 ± 0.04). No significant genetic correlation was detected for other lifestyle/environmental factors, including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, alcohol dependence, and caffeine metabolites for TB-BMD within all of the four age groups. TWAS identified 85 genes in PB and 163 genes in WB for TB-BMD, as well as 123 genes in PB and 257 genes in WB for smoking. Multiple common candidate genes shared by both TB-BMD and smoking were detected, such as MAP1LC3B (PTB-BMD-PB = 1.00 × 10-3, Psmoking-PB = 9.62 × 10-3, PTB-BMD-WB = 2.99 × 10-2) and SLC23A3 (PTB-BMD-WB = 1.48 × 10-2, Psmoking-WB = 8.76 × 10-3). GSEA detected one GO terms for TB-BMD (cytosol) in WB, one GO term for smoking (mitochondrion) in PB, and one pathway (oocyte meiosis) for smoking in WB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Du
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Kondrikov D, Elmansi A, Bragg RT, Mobley T, Barrett T, Eisa N, Kondrikova G, Schoeinlein P, Aguilar-Perez A, Shi XM, Fulzele S, Lawrence MM, Hamrick M, Isales C, Hill W. Kynurenine inhibits autophagy and promotes senescence in aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway. Exp Gerontol 2020; 130:110805. [PMID: 31812582 PMCID: PMC7861134 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an age-related deterioration in bone health that is, at least in part, a stem cell disease. The different mechanisms and signaling pathways that change with age and contribute to the development of osteoporosis are being identified. One key upstream mechanism that appears to target a number of osteogenic pathways with age is kynurenine, a tryptophan metabolite and an endogenous Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. The AhR signaling pathway has been reported to promote aging phenotypes across species and in different tissues. We previously found that kynurenine accumulates with age in the plasma and various tissues including bone and induces bone loss and osteoporosis in mice. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are responsible for osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and overall bone regeneration. In the present study, we investigated the effect of kynurenine on BMSCs, with a focus on autophagy and senescence as two cellular processes that control BMSCs proliferation and differentiation capacity. We found that physiological levels of kynurenine (10 and 100 μM) disrupted autophagic flux as evidenced by the reduction of LC3B-II, and autophagolysosomal production, as well as a significant increase of p62 protein level. Additionally, kynurenine also induced a senescent phenotype in BMSCs as shown by the increased expression of several senescence markers including senescence associated β-galactosidase in BMSCs. Additionally, western blotting reveals that levels of p21, another marker of senescence, also increased in kynurenine-treated BMSCs, while senescent-associated aggregation of nuclear H3K9me3 also showed a significant increase in response to kynurenine treatment. To validate that these effects are in fact due to AhR signaling pathway, we utilized two known AhR antagonists: CH-223191, and 3',4'-dimethoxyflavone to try to block AhR signaling and rescue kynurenine /AhR mediated effects. Indeed, AhR inhibition restored kynurenine-suppressed autophagy levels as shown by levels of LC3B-II, p62 and autophagolysosomal formation demonstrating a rescuing of autophagic flux. Furthermore, inhibition of AhR signaling prevented the kynurenine-induced increase in senescence associated β-galactosidase and p21 levels, as well as blocking aggregation of nuclear H3K9me3. Taken together, our results suggest that kynurenine inhibits autophagy and induces senescence in BMSCs via AhR signaling, and that this may be a novel target to prevent or reduce age-associated bone loss and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kondrikov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Elmansi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America
| | - Robert Tailor Bragg
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Tanner Mobley
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Thomas Barrett
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Nada Eisa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Galina Kondrikova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America
| | - Patricia Schoeinlein
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Aguilar-Perez
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon 00956, Puerto Rico
| | - Xing-Ming Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Center for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, United States of America
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Center for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States of America
| | - Meghan McGee Lawrence
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Center for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States of America
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Center for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States of America
| | - Carlos Isales
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Center for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - William Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, United States of America.
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Ala M, Jafari RM, Dehpour AR. Diabetes Mellitus and Osteoporosis Correlation: Challenges and Hopes. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:984-1001. [PMID: 32208120 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200324152517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and osteoporosis are two common diseases with different complications. Despite different therapeutic strategies, managing these diseases and reducing their burden have not been satisfactory, especially when they appear one after the other. In this review, we aimed to clarify the similarity, common etiology and possible common adjunctive therapies of these two major diseases and designate the known molecular pattern observed in them. Based on different experimental findings, we want to illuminate that interestingly similar pathways lead to diabetes and osteoporosis. Meanwhile, there are a few drugs involved in the treatment of both diseases, which most of the time act in the same line but sometimes with opposing results. Considering the correlation between diabetes and osteoporosis, more efficient management of both diseases, in conditions of concomitant incidence or cause and effect condition, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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Feng Q, Cheng SY, Yang R, Zeng XW, Zhao FM, Zhan XQ. Puerarin promotes the viability and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by enhancing LC3B-mediated autophagy through downregulation of miR-204. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:883-890. [PMID: 32010248 PMCID: PMC6966130 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin is a bioactive substance extracted from Pueraria lobata. It is known to promote the viability, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in these activities are not well understood. The present study was conducted with the aim of elucidating the effect of puerarin on osteoblasts and to explore the underlying mechanism. CCK-8 analysis showed that puerarin (0.1, 1 and 10 µM) promoted the viability of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, with 1 µM of puerarin exhibiting the strongest effect. Moreover, 1 µM puerarin significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the formation of mineralized nodules in the MC3T3-E1 cells. Treatment with 1 µM puerarin for 72 h led to a significant upregulation in the expression level of microtubule-associated light chain 3 (LC3)B and Beclin1 proteins. This treatment was more effective in promoting LC3B expression than what was observed following treatment with rapamycin (overexpression for autophagy). The bilayer membrane structure of autophagosomes was observed by electron microscopy. Conversely, 3-methyladenine (3-MA, inhibitor of autophagy) reduced the cell viability as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in MC3T3-E1 cells, although, there was no significant influence on mineralization. Prediction results of the biological information showed that LC3B could be a direct target of microRNA-204 (miR-204). In the present study, the expression level of miR-204 was decreased by puerarin. miR-204 mimics significantly decreased LC3B expression and inhibited auotophagosome formation, while the miR-204 inhibitor had the opposite effects. To conclude, the results of the present study suggest that puerarin promotes the viability and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through autophagy, which is possibly associated with miR-204-regulated LC3B upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Feng
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Song-Yi Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Wei Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Ming Zhao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Qin Zhan
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Yang X, Jiang T, Wang Y, Guo L. The Role and Mechanism of SIRT1 in Resveratrol-regulated Osteoblast Autophagy in Osteoporosis Rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18424. [PMID: 31804494 PMCID: PMC6895060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is widely regarded as one of the typical aging-related diseases due to the impairment of bone remodeling. The silent information regulator of transcription1 (SIRT1) is a vital regulator of cell survival and life-span. SIRT1 has been shown to be activated by resveratrol treatment, and also has been proved to prevent aging-related diseases such as osteoporosis. However, the role of SIRT1 about autophagy or mitophagy of osteoblasts in resveratrol-regulated osteoporotic rats remains unclear. This study seeks to investigate the role of SIRT1 about autophagy or mitophagy in osteoblasts through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in resveratrol-regulated osteoporotic rats. The vivo experiment results have revealed that resveratrol treatment significantly improved bone quality and reduced the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in osteoporotic rats. Moreover, Western bolt analysis showed that expression of SIRT1, LC3, and Beclin-1 in osteoblasts increased, while p-AKT and p-mTOR were downregulated in osteoporosis rats with high dose resveratrol treatment. On the other hand, resveratrol treatment increased the SIRT1 activity, LC3 and Beclin-1 mRNA expression in the dexamethasone (DEX)-treated osteoblasts. More mitophagosomes were observed in the DEX-treated osteoblasts with resveratrol. Meanwhile, the TOM20, Hsp60, p-Akt and p-mTOR activities were decreased in the DEX-treated osteoblasts with resveratrol. Resveratrol treatment did not change the p-p38 and p-JNK activities in the osteoblasts. These results revealed that resveratrol treatment protected osteoblasts in osteoporosis rats by enhancing mitophagy by mediating SIRT1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China
| | - Tianlong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P.R. China.
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