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Van Tilbeurgh M, Lemdani K, Beignon AS, Chapon C, Tchitchek N, Cheraitia L, Marcos Lopez E, Pascal Q, Le Grand R, Maisonnasse P, Manet C. Predictive Markers of Immunogenicity and Efficacy for Human Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:579. [PMID: 34205932 PMCID: PMC8226531 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines represent one of the major advances of modern medicine. Despite the many successes of vaccination, continuous efforts to design new vaccines are needed to fight "old" pandemics, such as tuberculosis and malaria, as well as emerging pathogens, such as Zika virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Vaccination aims at reaching sterilizing immunity, however assessing vaccine efficacy is still challenging and underscores the need for a better understanding of immune protective responses. Identifying reliable predictive markers of immunogenicity can help to select and develop promising vaccine candidates during early preclinical studies and can lead to improved, personalized, vaccination strategies. A systems biology approach is increasingly being adopted to address these major challenges using multiple high-dimensional technologies combined with in silico models. Although the goal is to develop predictive models of vaccine efficacy in humans, applying this approach to animal models empowers basic and translational vaccine research. In this review, we provide an overview of vaccine immune signatures in preclinical models, as well as in target human populations. We also discuss high-throughput technologies used to probe vaccine-induced responses, along with data analysis and computational methodologies applied to the predictive modeling of vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Van Tilbeurgh
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Katia Lemdani
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Catherine Chapon
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- Unité de Recherche i3, Inserm UMR-S 959, Bâtiment CERVI, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Lina Cheraitia
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Ernesto Marcos Lopez
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Quentin Pascal
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Pauline Maisonnasse
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Caroline Manet
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob (IBJF), University Paris-Sud—INSERM U1184, CEA, 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France; (M.V.T.); (K.L.); (A.-S.B.); (C.C.); (L.C.); (E.M.L.); (Q.P.); (R.L.G.); (P.M.)
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Safety biomarkers for development of vaccines and biologics: Report from the safety biomarkers symposium held on November 28-29, 2017, Marcy l'Etoile, France. Vaccine 2020; 38:8055-8063. [PMID: 33187767 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines prevent infectious diseases, but vaccination is not without risk and adverse events are reported although they are more commonly reported for biologicals than for vaccines. Vaccines and biologicals must undergo vigorous assessment before and after licensure to minimise safety concerns. Potential safety concerns should be identified as early as possible during the development for vaccines and biologicals to minimize investment risk. State-of-the art tools and methods to identify safety concerns and biomarkers that are predictive of clinical outcomes are indispensable. For vaccines and adjuvant formulations, systems biology approaches, supported by single-cell microfluidics applied to translational studies between preclinical and clinical studies, could improve reactogenicity and safety predictions. Next-generation animal models for clinical assessment of injection-site reactions with greater relevance for target human population and criteria to define the level of acceptability of local reactogenicity at vaccine injection sites in pre-clinical animal species should be assessed. Advanced in silico machine-learning-based analytics, species-specific cell or tissue expression, receptor occupancy and kinetics and cell-based assays for functional activity are needed to improve pre-clinical safety assessment of biologicals. The in vitro MIMIC® system could be used to compliment preclinical and clinical studies for assessing immune-toxicity, immunogenicity, immuno-inflammatory and mode of action of biologicals and vaccines. Sanofi Pasteur brought together leading experts in this field to review the state-of-the-art at a unique 'Safety Biomarkers Symposium' on 28-29 November 2017. Here we summarise the proceedings of this symposium. This unique scientific meeting confirmed the importance for institutions and industrial organizations to collaborate to develop tools and methods needed for predicting reactogenicity and immune-inflammatory reactions to vaccines and biologicals, and to develop more accuracy, reliability safety biomarkers, to inform decisions on the attrition or advancement of vaccines and biologicals.
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Gazibara T, Thygesen LC, Algren MH, Tolstrup JS. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Physical and Mental Health Complaints Among Female Students in Secondary Education Institutions in Denmark. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:2647-2654. [PMID: 32342482 PMCID: PMC7458962 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-05845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have not explored the effect of HPV vaccination on health status at a longer time interval. Similarly, self-reported physical and mental health in recipients of the HPV vaccine has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether HPV vaccination was associated with physical and mental health complaints among girls in secondary education institutions. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS This study used data from girls aged 15-20 years who participated in the Danish National Youth Study (DNYS) 2014. Data on HPV vaccination was retrieved from the Danish Vaccination Register. MAIN MEASURES Participants were asked whether they had experienced headaches, stomachache, neck pain, menstrual cramps, sore throat, sadness, irritation, nervousness and sleep problems in the past 6 months. KEY RESULTS Of 41,333 girls, 39,145 (94.7%) received at least one dose of HPV vaccine. The most prevalent health complaint among the vaccinated and not vaccinated females was "been irritable" (88.2% and 88.4%, respectively). The lowest proportion of health complaints was stomachache (49.6% in vaccinated and in 50.4% in unvaccinated girls). Regression model, adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics and health behavior, showed that HPV vaccination was associated with a lower likelihood of reporting sore throat (odd ratio [OR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78-0.95) and being sad (OR 0.86, 95%CI 0.76-0.97). Similar results were observed when HPV vaccination status was analyzed according to the number of doses received. CONCLUSION We conclude that HPV vaccination was not associated with physical and mental health complaints among girls in secondary education institutions in Denmark after a median of 5.3 years since HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26A, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Maria Holst Algren
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Palese P, Poland GA. Current Challenges in Vaccinology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1181. [PMID: 32670279 PMCID: PMC7329983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of vaccines, which prime the immune system to respond to future infections, has led to global declines in morbidity and mortality from dreadful infectious communicable diseases. However, many pathogens of public health importance are highly complex and/or rapidly evolving, posing unique challenges to vaccine development. Several of these challenges include an incomplete understanding of how immunity develops, host and pathogen genetic variability, and an increased societal skepticism regarding vaccine safety. In particular, new high-dimensional omics technologies, aided by bioinformatics, are driving new vaccine development (vaccinomics). Informed by recent insights into pathogen biology, host genetic diversity, and immunology, the increasing use of genomic approaches is leading to new models and understanding of host immune system responses that may provide solutions in the rapid development of novel vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Kennedy
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Inna G Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Peter Palese
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Gonzalez-Dias P, Lee EK, Sorgi S, de Lima DS, Urbanski AH, Silveira EL, Nakaya HI. Methods for predicting vaccine immunogenicity and reactogenicity. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 16:269-276. [PMID: 31869262 PMCID: PMC7062420 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1697110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjects receiving the same vaccine often show different levels of immune responses and some may even present adverse side effects to the vaccine. Systems vaccinology can combine omics data and machine learning techniques to obtain highly predictive signatures of vaccine immunogenicity and reactogenicity. Currently, several machine learning methods are already available to researchers with no background in bioinformatics. Here we described the four main steps to discover markers of vaccine immunogenicity and reactogenicity: (1) Preparing the data; (2) Selecting the vaccinees and relevant genes; (3) Choosing the algorithm; (4) Blind testing your model. With the increasing number of Systems Vaccinology datasets being generated, we expect that the accuracy and robustness of signatures of vaccine reactogenicity and immunogenicity will significantly improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gonzalez-Dias
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eva K. Lee
- The Center for Operations Research in Medicine and HealthCare, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sara Sorgi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Diógenes S. de Lima
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alysson H. Urbanski
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lv Silveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helder I. Nakaya
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Scientific Platform Pasteur, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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