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Zheng K, Hao Y, Xia C, Cheng S, Yu J, Chen Z, Li Y, Niu Y, Ran S, Wang S, Ye W, Luo Z, Li X, Zhao J, Li R, Zong J, Zhang H, Lai L, Huang P, Zhou C, Xia J, Zhang X, Wu J. Effects and mechanisms of the myocardial microenvironment on cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1429020. [PMID: 39050889 PMCID: PMC11266095 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1429020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian cardiomyocyte has a limited capacity for self-renewal, which leads to the irreversible heart dysfunction and poses a significant threat to myocardial infarction patients. In the past decades, research efforts have been predominantly concentrated on the cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. However, the heart is a complex organ that comprises not only cardiomyocytes but also numerous noncardiomyocyte cells, all playing integral roles in maintaining cardiac function. In addition, cardiomyocytes are exposed to a dynamically changing physical environment that includes oxygen saturation and mechanical forces. Recently, a growing number of studies on myocardial microenvironment in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration is ongoing. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in myocardial microenvironment, which plays an important role in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanglin Hao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenkun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoxian Cheng
- Jingshan Union Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiulu Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longyong Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinyan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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da Silva IGR, Miglino MA, de Souza SS, Buchaim DV, Buchaim RL. Evaluation of Different Decellularization Protocols for Obtaining and Characterizing Canine Cardiac Extracellular Matrix. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1190. [PMID: 38927398 PMCID: PMC11200447 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are considered the leading cause of mortality globally; even with low mortality in dogs, such diseases are described in the same way in companion animals and humans. This study aimed to devise an effective decellularization protocol for the canine myocardium through the association of physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods, assessing resultant alterations in the myocardial extracellular matrix to obtain a suitable scaffold. Two canine hearts were collected; the samples were sectioned into ±1 cm2 fragments, washed in distilled water and 1× PBS solution, and followed by treatment under four distinct decellularization protocols. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) 1% 7 days + Triton X-100 1% for 48 h (Protocol I); Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) 1% 5 days + Triton X-100 1% for 48 h (Protocol II); Trypsin 0.05% for 1 h at 36 °C + freezing -80 °C overnight + Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) 1% for 3 days, Triton-X-100 for 48 h hours (Protocol III); 0.05% trypsin for 1 h at 36 °C + freezing at -80 °C overnight + 1% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) for 2 days + 1% Triton-X-100 for 24 h (Protocol IV). After analysis, Protocols I and II showed the removal of cellular content and preservation of extracellular matrix (ECM) contents, unlike Protocols III and IV, which retracted the ECM and removed essential elements of the matrix. In theory, although Protocols I and II have similar results, Protocol II stands out for the preservation of the architecture and components of the extracellular matrix, along with reduced exposure time to reagents, making it the recommended protocol for the development of a canine myocardial scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Gabriela Rodrigues da Silva
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ-USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (I.G.R.d.S.); (M.A.M.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ-USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (I.G.R.d.S.); (M.A.M.); (D.V.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia 17525-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health, Production and Environment, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Samara Silva de Souza
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGBIOTEC), Federal Technological University of Parana (UTFPR), Campus Dois Vizinhos, Dois Vizinhos 85660-000, Brazil;
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ-USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (I.G.R.d.S.); (M.A.M.); (D.V.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia 17525-902, Brazil
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (FMVZ-USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (I.G.R.d.S.); (M.A.M.); (D.V.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB-USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
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Kobeissi H, Jilberto J, Karakan MÇ, Gao X, DePalma SJ, Das SL, Quach L, Urquia J, Baker BM, Chen CS, Nordsletten D, Lejeune E. MicroBundleCompute: Automated segmentation, tracking, and analysis of subdomain deformation in cardiac microbundles. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298863. [PMID: 38530829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancing human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) technology will lead to significant progress ranging from disease modeling, to drug discovery, to regenerative tissue engineering. Yet, alongside these potential opportunities comes a critical challenge: attaining mature hiPSC-CM tissues. At present, there are multiple techniques to promote maturity of hiPSC-CMs including physical platforms and cell culture protocols. However, when it comes to making quantitative comparisons of functional behavior, there are limited options for reliably and reproducibly computing functional metrics that are suitable for direct cross-system comparison. In addition, the current standard functional metrics obtained from time-lapse images of cardiac microbundle contraction reported in the field (i.e., post forces, average tissue stress) do not take full advantage of the available information present in these data (i.e., full-field tissue displacements and strains). Thus, we present "MicroBundleCompute," a computational framework for automatic quantification of morphology-based mechanical metrics from movies of cardiac microbundles. Briefly, this computational framework offers tools for automatic tissue segmentation, tracking, and analysis of brightfield and phase contrast movies of beating cardiac microbundles. It is straightforward to implement, runs without user intervention, requires minimal input parameter setting selection, and is computationally inexpensive. In this paper, we describe the methods underlying this computational framework, show the results of our extensive validation studies, and demonstrate the utility of exploring heterogeneous tissue deformations and strains as functional metrics. With this manuscript, we disseminate "MicroBundleCompute" as an open-source computational tool with the aim of making automated quantitative analysis of beating cardiac microbundles more accessible to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Kobeissi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Javiera Jilberto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - M Çağatay Karakan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Xining Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Samuel J DePalma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Shoshana L Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Lani Quach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Urquia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Brendon M Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - David Nordsletten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's Health Partners, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Lejeune
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Wang Z, Xu Y, Huang L, Zhao J, Ye Y, Liu C, Wang B, Zhao H, Zhang H. Ultrastructural characteristics and morphological relationships of cardiomyocytes and telocytes in the myocardium of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Anat Histol Embryol 2024; 53:e13008. [PMID: 38230833 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are distinctive interstitial cells due to their characteristic structures and heterogeneity. They are suggested to participate in tissue repair/regeneration. TCs have been identified in many organs of various mammals. However, data on TCs in lower animals are still very limited. In this work, TCs were identified in the myocardium of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structural relationships between TCs and neighbouring cell types were measured using the ImageJ (FiJi) morphometric software. TCs with slender Tps (telepodes) were located around cardiomyocytes (CMC). TEM revealed TCs with long Tps in the stroma between CMC. The homocellular tight junctions were observed between the Tps. The Tps were also very close to the neighbouring CMC. The distance between Tps and CMC was 0.15 ± 0.08 μm. Notably, Tps were observed to adhere to the periphery of the satellite cells. The Tps and the satellite cells established heterocellular structural connections by tight junctions. Additionally, Tps were frequently observed in close proximity to mast cells (MCs). The distance between the Tps and the MCs was 0.19 ± 0.09 μm. These results confirmed that TCs are present in the myocardium of the bullfrog, and that TCs established structural relationships with neighbouring cell types, including satellite cells and MCs. These findings provide the anatomical evidence to support the note that TCs are involved in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yizhen Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yaqiong Ye
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Canying Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Stem Cells of Ordinary Universities, Foshan, China
| | - Bingyun Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Stem Cells of Ordinary Universities, Foshan, China
| | - Haiquan Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Stem Cells of Ordinary Universities, Foshan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang J, Guo Y, Bai Y, Wei Y. Application of biomedical materials in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:298. [PMID: 37626396 PMCID: PMC10463704 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular emergency and the leading cause of death worldwide. Inflammatory and immune responses are initiated immediately after MI, leading to myocardial death, scarring, and ventricular remodeling. Current therapeutic approaches emphasize early restoration of ischemic myocardial reperfusion, but there is no effective treatment for the pathological changes of infarction. Biomedical materials development has brought new hope for MI diagnosis and treatment. Biomedical materials, such as cardiac patches, hydrogels, nano biomaterials, and artificial blood vessels, have played an irreplaceable role in MI diagnosis and treatment. They improve the accuracy and efficacy of MI diagnosis and offer further possibilities for reducing inflammation, immunomodulation, inhibiting fibrosis, and cardiac regeneration. This review focuses on the advances in biomedical materials applications in MI diagnosis and treatment. The current studies are outlined in terms of mechanisms of action and effects. It is addressed how biomedical materials application can lessen myocardial damage, encourage angiogenesis, and enhance heart function. Their clinical transformation value and application prospect are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yishan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.
| | - Yumiao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Gradistics: An underappreciated dimension in evolutionary space. Biosystems 2023; 224:104844. [PMID: 36736879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The growth of complexity is an unsolved and underappreciated problem. We consider possible causes of this growth, hypotheses testing, molecular mechanisms, complexity measures, cases of simplification, and significance for biomedicine. We focus on a general ability of regulation, which is based on the growing information storage and processing capacities, as the main proxy of complexity. Natural selection is indifferent to complexity. However, complexification can be inferred from the same first principle, on which natural selection is founded. Natural selection depends on potentially unlimited reproduction under limited environmental conditions. Because of the demographic pressure, the simple ecological niches become fulfilled and diversified (due to species splitting and divergence). Diversification increases complexity of biocenoses. After the filling and diversification of simple niches, the more complex niches can arise. This is the 'atomic orbitals' (AO) model. Complexity has many shortcomings but it has an advantage. This advantage is ability to regulatory adaptation, including behavioral, formed in the evolution by means of genetic adaptation. Regulatory adaptation is much faster than genetic one because it is based on the information previously accumulated via genetic adaptation and learning. Regulatory adaptation further increases complexity of biocenoses. This is the 'regulatory advantage' (RA) model. The comparison of both models allows testable predictions. We focus on the animal evolution because of the appearance of higher regulatory level (nervous system), which is absent in other lineages, and relevance to humans (including biomedical aspects).
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Li P, Hu J, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang L, Zhang C. The Role of Hydrogel in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration for Myocardial Infarction: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020165. [PMID: 36829659 PMCID: PMC9952459 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, seriously threatens human health, and becomes a major health burden of our society. It is urgent to pursue effective therapeutic strategies for the regeneration and restore myocardial function after MI. This review discusses the role of hydrogel in cardiac repair and regeneration for MI. Hydrogel-based cardiac patches and injectable hydrogels are the most commonly used applications in cardiac regeneration medicine. With injectable hydrogels, bioactive compounds and cells can be delivered in situ, promoting in situ repair and regeneration, while hydrogel-based cardiac patches reduce myocardial wall stress, which passively inhibits ventricular expansion. Hydrogel-based cardiac patches work as mechanically supportive biomaterials. In cardiac regeneration medicine, clinical trials and commercial products are limited. Biomaterials, biochemistry, and biological actives, such as intelligent hydrogels and hydrogel-based exosome patches, which may serve as an effective treatment for MI in the future, are still under development. Further investigation of clinical feasibility is warranted. We can anticipate hydrogels having immense translational potential for cardiac regeneration in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jiajia Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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Cardiac fibroblasts and mechanosensation in heart development, health and disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 20:309-324. [PMID: 36376437 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The term 'mechanosensation' describes the capacity of cells to translate mechanical stimuli into the coordinated regulation of intracellular signals, cellular function, gene expression and epigenetic programming. This capacity is related not only to the sensitivity of the cells to tissue motion, but also to the decryption of tissue geometric arrangement and mechanical properties. The cardiac stroma, composed of fibroblasts, has been historically considered a mechanically passive component of the heart. However, the latest research suggests that the mechanical functions of these cells are an active and necessary component of the developmental biology programme of the heart that is involved in myocardial growth and homeostasis, and a crucial determinant of cardiac repair and disease. In this Review, we discuss the general concept of cell mechanosensation and force generation as potent regulators in heart development and pathology, and describe the integration of mechanical and biohumoral pathways predisposing the heart to fibrosis and failure. Next, we address the use of 3D culture systems to integrate tissue mechanics to mimic cardiac remodelling. Finally, we highlight the potential of mechanotherapeutic strategies, including pharmacological treatment and device-mediated left ventricular unloading, to reverse remodelling in the failing heart.
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van der Ven JPG, van den Bosch E, Kamphuis VP, Terol C, Gnanam D, Bogers AJJC, Breur JMPJ, Berger RMF, Blom NA, Koopman L, ten Harkel ADJ, Helbing WA. Functional Echocardiographic and Serum Biomarker Changes Following Surgical and Percutaneous Atrial Septal Defect Closure in Children. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024072. [PMID: 35929457 PMCID: PMC9496284 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Ventricular performance is temporarily reduced following surgical atrial septal defect closure. Cardiopulmonary bypass and changes in loading conditions are considered important factors, but this phenomenon is incompletely understood. We aim to characterize biventricular performance following surgical and percutaneous atrial septal defect closure and to relate biomarkers to ventricular performance following intervention. Methods and Results In this multicenter prospective study, children scheduled for surgical or percutaneous atrial septal defect closure were included. Subjects were assessed preoperatively, in the second week postintervention (at 2‐weeks follow‐up), and 1‐year postintervention (1‐year follow‐up). At each time point, an echocardiographic study and a panel of biomarkers were obtained. Sixty‐three patients (median age, 4.1 [interquartile range, 3.1–6.1] years) were included. Forty‐three patients underwent surgery. At 2‐weeks follow‐up, right ventricular global longitudinal strain was decreased for the surgical, but not the percutaneous, group (−17.6±4.1 versus −27.1±3.4; P<0.001). A smaller decrease was noted for left ventricular global longitudinal strain at 2‐weeks follow‐up for the surgical group (surgical versus percutaneous, −18.6±3.2 versus −20.2±2.4; P=0.040). At 1‐year follow‐up, left ventricular performance returned to baseline, whereas right ventricular performance improved, but did not reach preintervention levels. Eight biomarkers relating to cardiovascular and immunological processes differed across study time points. Of these biomarkers, only NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) correlated with less favorable left ventricular global longitudinal strain at 2‐weeks follow‐up. Conclusions Right, and to a lesser degree left, ventricular performance was reduced early after surgical atrial septal defect closure. Right ventricular performance at 1‐year follow‐up remained below baseline levels. Several biomarkers showed a pattern over time similar to ventricular performance. These biomarkers may provide insight into the processes that affect ventricular function. Registration URL: https://www.trialregister.nl/; Unique identifier: NL5129
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle P. G. van der Ven
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyErasmus MC Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart InstituteUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Eva van den Bosch
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyErasmus MC Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart InstituteUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Vivian P. Kamphuis
- Netherlands Heart InstituteUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Covadonga Terol
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Devi Gnanam
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyErasmus MC Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes M. P. J. Breur
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rolf M. F. Berger
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Nico A. Blom
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Laurens Koopman
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyErasmus MC Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Arend D. J. ten Harkel
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Helbing
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Pediatric CardiologyErasmus MC Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
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10
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Tariq U, Gupta M, Pathak S, Patil R, Dohare A, Misra SK. Role of Biomaterials in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration: Therapeutic Intervention for Myocardial Infarction. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3271-3298. [PMID: 35867701 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure or myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the world's leading causes of death. Post MI, the heart can develop pathological conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, fibrosis, and left ventricular dysfunction. However, current surgical approaches are sufficient for enhancing myocardial perfusion but are unable to reverse the pathological changes. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches have shown promising effects in the repair and replacement of injured cardiomyocytes. Additionally, biomaterial scaffolds with or without stem cells are established to provide an effective environment for cardiac regeneration. Excipients loaded with growth factors, cytokines, oligonucleotides, and exosomes are found to help in such cardiac eventualities by promoting angiogenesis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, and reducing fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis. Injectable hydrogels, nanocarriers, cardiac patches, and vascular grafts are some excipients that can help the self-renewal in the damaged heart but are not understood well yet, in the context of used biomaterials. This review focuses on the use of various biomaterial-based approaches for the regeneration and repair of cardiac tissue postoccurrence of MI. It also discusses the outlines of cardiac remodeling and current therapeutic approaches after myocardial infarction, which are translationally important with respect to used biomaterials. It provides comprehensive details of the biomaterial-based regenerative approaches, which are currently the focus of the research for cardiac repair and regeneration and can provide a broad outline for further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid Tariq
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Mahima Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Subhajit Pathak
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Ruchira Patil
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Akanksha Dohare
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.,Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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11
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Signaling Pathways Involved in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection: A Systematic Review of Transcriptomic Studies in Sus scrofa. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9050132. [PMID: 35621843 PMCID: PMC9145716 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9050132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial damage in acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) is primarily the result of ischemia−reperfusion injury (IRI). Recognizing the timing of transcriptional events and their modulation by cardioprotective strategies is critical to address the pathophysiology of myocardial IRI. Despite the relevance of pigs for translational studies of AMI, only a few have identified how transcriptomic changes shape cellular signaling pathways in response to injury. We systematically reviewed transcriptomic studies of myocardial IRI and cardioprotection in Sus scrofa. Gene expression datasets were analyzed for significantly enriched terms using the Enrichr analysis tool, and statistically significant results (adjusted p-values of <0.05) for Signaling Pathways, Transcription Factors, Molecular Functions, and Biological Processes were compared between eligible studies to describe how these dynamic changes transform the myocardium from an injured and inflamed tissue into a scar. Then, we address how cardioprotective interventions distinctly modulate the myocardial transcriptome and discuss the implications of uncovering gene regulatory networks for cardiovascular pathologies and translational applications.
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12
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Bouten CVC, Cheng C, Vermue IM, Gawlitta D, Passier R. Cardiovascular tissue engineering and regeneration: A plead for further knowledge convergence. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:525-541. [PMID: 35382591 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissue engineering and regeneration strive to provide long-term, effective solutions for a growing group of patients in need of myocardial repair, vascular (access) grafts, heart valves, and regeneration of organ microcirculation. In the past two decades, ongoing convergence of disciplines and multidisciplinary collaborations between cardiothoracic surgeons, cardiologists, bioengineers, material scientists, and cell biologists have resulted in better understanding of the problems at hand and novel regenerative approaches. As a side effect, however, the field has become strongly organized and differentiated around topical areas at risk of reinvention of technologies and repetition of approaches and across the areas. A better integration of knowledge and technologies from the individual topical areas and regenerative approaches and technologies may pave the way towards faster and more effective treatments to cure the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes the evolution of research and regenerative approaches in the areas of myocardial regeneration, heart valve and vascular tissue engineering, and regeneration of microcirculations and discusses previous and potential future integration of these individual areas and developed technologies for improved clinical impact. Finally, it provides a perspective on the further integration of research organization, knowledge implementation, and valorization as a contributor to advancing cardiovascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn V C Bouten
- Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ijsbrand M Vermue
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Lavecchia AM, Pelekanos K, Mavelli F, Xinaris C. Cell Hypertrophy: A “Biophysical Roadblock” to Reversing Kidney Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:854998. [PMID: 35309910 PMCID: PMC8927721 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.854998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In anamniotes cell loss can typically be compensated for through proliferation, but in amniotes, this capacity has been significantly diminished to accommodate tissue complexity. In order to cope with the increased workload that results from cell death, instead of proliferation highly specialised post-mitotic cells undergo polyploidisation and hypertrophy. Although compensatory hypertrophy is the main strategy of repair/regeneration in various parenchymal tissues, the long-term benefits and its capacity to sustain complete recovery of the kidney has not been addressed sufficiently. In this perspective article we integrate basic principles from biophysics and biology to examine whether renal cell hypertrophy is a sustainable adaptation that can efficiently regenerate tissue mass and restore organ function, or a maladaptive detrimental response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Michele Lavecchia
- Laboratory of Organ Regeneration, Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Mavelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Christodoulos Xinaris
- Laboratory of Organ Regeneration, Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Bergamo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Christodoulos Xinaris,
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14
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Growth of Biological Complexity from Prokaryotes to Hominids Reflected in the Human Genome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111640. [PMID: 34769071 PMCID: PMC8583824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of complexity in evolution is a most intriguing phenomenon. Using gene phylostratigraphy, we showed this growth (as reflected in regulatory mechanisms) in the human genome, tracing the path from prokaryotes to hominids. Generally, the different regulatory gene families expanded at different times, yet only up to the Euteleostomi (bony vertebrates). The only exception was the expansion of transcription factors (TF) in placentals; however, we argue that this was not related to increase in general complexity. Surprisingly, although TF originated in the Prokaryota while chromatin appeared only in the Eukaryota, the expansion of epigenetic factors predated the expansion of TF. Signaling receptors, tumor suppressors, oncogenes, and aging- and disease-associated genes (indicating vulnerabilities in terms of complex organization and strongly enrichment in regulatory genes) also expanded only up to the Euteleostomi. The complexity-related gene properties (protein size, number of alternative splicing mRNA, length of untranslated mRNA, number of biological processes per gene, number of disordered regions in a protein, and density of TF–TF interactions) rose in multicellular organisms and declined after the Euteleostomi, and possibly earlier. At the same time, the speed of protein sequence evolution sharply increased in the genes that originated after the Euteleostomi. Thus, several lines of evidence indicate that molecular mechanisms of complexity growth were changing with time, and in the phyletic lineage leading to humans, the most salient shift occurred after the basic vertebrate body plan was fixed with bony skeleton. The obtained results can be useful for evolutionary medicine.
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15
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Günthel M, van Duijvenboden K, de Bakker DEM, Hooijkaas IB, Bakkers J, Barnett P, Christoffels VM. Epigenetic State Changes Underlie Metabolic Switch in Mouse Post-Infarction Border Zone Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:134. [PMID: 34821687 PMCID: PMC8620718 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction causes ventricular muscle loss and formation of scar tissue. The surviving myocardium in the border zone, located adjacent to the infarct, undergoes profound changes in function, structure and composition. How and to what extent these changes of border zone cardiomyocytes are regulated epigenetically is not fully understood. Here, we obtained transcriptomes of PCM-1-sorted mouse cardiomyocyte nuclei of healthy left ventricle and 7 days post myocardial infarction border zone tissue. We validated previously observed downregulation of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function in border zone-derived cardiomyocytes, and observed a modest induction of genes involved in glycolysis, including Slc2a1 (Glut1) and Pfkp. To gain insight into the underlying epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, we performed H3K27ac profiling of healthy and border zone cardiomyocyte nuclei. We confirmed the switch from Mef2- to AP-1 chromatin association in border zone cardiomyocytes, and observed, in addition, an enrichment of PPAR/RXR binding motifs in the sites with reduced H3K27ac signal. We detected downregulation and accompanying epigenetic state changes at several key PPAR target genes including Ppargc1a (PGC-1α), Cpt2, Ech1, Fabpc3 and Vldrl in border zone cardiomyocytes. These data indicate that changes in epigenetic state and gene regulation underlie the maintained metabolic switch in border zone cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Günthel
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Karel van Duijvenboden
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Dennis E. M. de Bakker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (D.E.M.d.B.); (J.B.)
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingeborg B. Hooijkaas
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (D.E.M.d.B.); (J.B.)
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Phil Barnett
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
| | - Vincent M. Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (K.v.D.); (I.B.H.); (P.B.)
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16
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de Bakker DEM, Bouwman M, Dronkers E, Simões FC, Riley PR, Goumans MJ, Smits AM, Bakkers J. Prrx1b restricts fibrosis and promotes Nrg1-dependent cardiomyocyte proliferation during zebrafish heart regeneration. Development 2021; 148:272033. [PMID: 34486669 PMCID: PMC8513610 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are activated to repair the heart following injury. Fibroblast activation in the mammalian heart leads to a permanent fibrotic scar that impairs cardiac function. In other organisms, such as zebrafish, cardiac injury is followed by transient fibrosis and scar-free regeneration. The mechanisms that drive scarring versus scar-free regeneration are not well understood. Here, we show that the homeobox-containing transcription factor Prrx1b is required for scar-free regeneration of the zebrafish heart as the loss of Prrx1b results in excessive fibrosis and impaired cardiomyocyte proliferation. Through lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing, we find that Prrx1b is activated in epicardial-derived cells where it restricts TGFβ ligand expression and collagen production. Furthermore, through combined in vitro experiments in human fetal epicardial-derived cells and in vivo rescue experiments in zebrafish, we conclude that Prrx1 stimulates Nrg1 expression and promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation. Collectively, these results indicate that Prrx1 is a key transcription factor that balances fibrosis and regeneration in the injured zebrafish heart. This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis E M de Bakker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mara Bouwman
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Dronkers
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Filipa C Simões
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anke M Smits
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Testa G, Di Benedetto G, Passaro F. Advanced Technologies to Target Cardiac Cell Fate Plasticity for Heart Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179517. [PMID: 34502423 PMCID: PMC8431232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult human heart can only adapt to heart diseases by starting a myocardial remodeling process to compensate for the loss of functional cardiomyocytes, which ultimately develop into heart failure. In recent decades, the evolution of new strategies to regenerate the injured myocardium based on cellular reprogramming represents a revolutionary new paradigm for cardiac repair by targeting some key signaling molecules governing cardiac cell fate plasticity. While the indirect reprogramming routes require an in vitro engineered 3D tissue to be transplanted in vivo, the direct cardiac reprogramming would allow the administration of reprogramming factors directly in situ, thus holding great potential as in vivo treatment for clinical applications. In this framework, cellular reprogramming in partnership with nanotechnologies and bioengineering will offer new perspectives in the field of cardiovascular research for disease modeling, drug screening, and tissue engineering applications. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress in developing innovative therapeutic strategies based on manipulating cardiac cell fate plasticity in combination with bioengineering and nanotechnology-based approaches for targeting the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Testa
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Nanotechnology Research—NanoBem, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giorgia Di Benedetto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Fabiana Passaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Dynamic Patterns of N6-Methyladenosine Profiles of Messenger RNA Correlated with the Cardiomyocyte Regenerability during the Early Heart Development in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5537804. [PMID: 34413927 PMCID: PMC8369182 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5537804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) plays important roles in regulating mRNA processing. Despite rapid progress in this field, little is known about the role and mechanism of m6A modification in myocardial development and cardiomyocyte regeneration. Existing studies have shown that the heart tissues of newborn mice have the capability of proliferation and regeneration, but its mechanism, particularly its relation to m6A methylation, remains unknown. Methods. To systematically profile the mRNA m6A modification pattern in the heart tissues of mice at different developmental stages, we jointly performed methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of heart tissues of mice, respectively, aged 1 day old, 7 days old, and 28 days old. Results. We identified the linkages and association between differentially expressed mRNA transcripts and hyper or hypomethylated m6A peaks in C57BL/6J mice at different heart developmental stages. Results showed that the amount of m6A peaks and the level of m6A modification were the lowest in the heart of mice at 1 day old. By contrast, heart tissues from 7-day-old mice tended to possess the most m6A peaks and the highest global m6A level. However, the m6A characteristics of myocardial tissue changed little after 7 days old as compared to that of 1 day old. Specifically, we found 1269 downmethylated genes of 1434 methylated genes in 7-day-old mouse heart tissues as compared to those in 1-day-old mice. Hypermethylation of some specific genes may correlate with the heart's strong proliferative and regenerative capability at the first day after birth. In terms of m6A density, the tendency shifted from coding sequences (CDS) to 3′-untranslated regions (3′UTR) and stop codon with the progression of heart development. In addition, some genes demonstrated remarkable changes both in methylation and expression, like kiss1, plekha6, and megf6, which may play important roles in proliferation. Furthermore, signaling pathways highly related to proliferation such as “Wnt signaling pathway,” “ECM-receptor interaction,” and “cardiac chamber formation” were significantly enriched in 1-day-old methylated genes. Conclusions. Our results reveal a pattern that different m6A modifications are distributed in C57BL/6J heart tissue at different developmental stages, which provides new insights into a novel function of m6A methylation of mRNA in myocardial development and regeneration.
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