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Du L, Guo C, Zeng S, Yu K, Liu M, Li Y. Sirt6 overexpression relieves ferroptosis and delays the progression of diabetic nephropathy via Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2377785. [PMID: 39082470 PMCID: PMC11293269 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2377785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sirt6, reactive oxygen species and ferroptosis may participate in the pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN). Exploring the relationship between Sirt6, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis provides new scientific ideas to DN. METHODS Human podocytes were stimulated with 30 mM glucose and 5.5 mM glucose. The mice of db/db group were randomly divided into two groups:12 weeks and 16 weeks. Collect mouse blood and urine specimens and renal cortices for investigations. HE, Masson, PAS and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe pathological changes. Western blot, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate expression of relevant molecules. CCK8 method was introduced to observe cell viability. The changes of podocyte mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial morphology in each group were determined by JC-1 staining and Mito-Tracker. RESULTS The expression level of Sirt6, Nrf2, SLC7A11, HO1, SOD2 and GPX4 were reduced, while ACSL4 was increased in DN. Blood glucose, BUN, Scr, TG, T-CHO and 24h urine protein were upregulated, while ALB was reduced in diabetic group. The treatment of Ferrostatin-1 significantly improved these changes, which proved ferroptosis was involved in the development of DN. Overexpression of Sirt6 might ameliorate the oxidation irritable reaction and ferroptosis. Sirt6 plasmid transfection increased mitochondrial membrane potential and protected morphology and structure of mitochondria. The application of Sirt6 siRNA could aggravated the damage manifestations. CONCLUSION High glucose stimulation could decrease the antioxidant capacity and increase formation of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Sirt6 might alleviate HG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, podocyte injury and ferroptosis through regulating Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Du
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Canghui Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shengnan Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ke Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Maodong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
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Xia F, Shi S, Palacios E, Liu W, Buscho SE, Li J, Huang S, Vizzeri G, Dong XC, Motamedi M, Zhang W, Liu H. Sirt6 protects retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve from degeneration during aging and glaucoma. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1760-1778. [PMID: 38659223 PMCID: PMC11184404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, and its risk increases with aging. Yet comprehensive insights into the complex mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we found that anti-aging molecule Sirt6 was highly expressed in RGCs. Deleting Sirt6 globally or specifically in RGCs led to progressive RGC loss and optic nerve degeneration during aging, despite normal intraocular pressure (IOP), resembling a phenotype of normal-tension glaucoma. These detrimental effects were potentially mediated by accelerated RGC senescence through Caveolin-1 upregulation and by the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. In mouse models of high-tension glaucoma, Sirt6 level was decreased after IOP elevation. Genetic overexpression of Sirt6 globally or specifically in RGCs significantly attenuated high tension-induced degeneration of RGCs and their axons, whereas partial or RGC-specific Sirt6 deletion accelerated RGC loss. Importantly, therapeutically targeting Sirt6 with pharmacological activator or AAV2-mediated gene delivery ameliorated high IOP-induced RGC degeneration. Together, our studies reveal a critical role of Sirt6 in preventing RGC and optic nerve degeneration during aging and glaucoma, setting the stage for further exploration of Sirt6 activation as a potential therapy for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shuizhen Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Erick Palacios
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Seth E Buscho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Joseph Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Advanced Technology Cores, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Education, Innovation and Technology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gianmarco Vizzeri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xiaocheng Charlie Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Guo Y, Che R, Wang P, Zhang A. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F768-F779. [PMID: 38450435 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00189.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles in the human body, serving as the metabolic factory of the whole organism. When mitochondria are dysfunctional, it can affect all organs of the body. The kidney is rich in mitochondria, and its function is closely related to the development of kidney diseases. Studying the relationship between mitochondria and kidney disease progression is of great interest. In the past decade, scientists have made inspiring progress in investigating the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of renal diseases. This article discusses various mechanisms for maintaining mitochondrial quality, including mitochondrial energetics, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial DNA repair, mitochondrial proteolysis and the unfolded protein response, mitochondrial autophagy, mitochondria-derived vesicles, and mitocytosis. The article also highlights the cross talk between mitochondria and other organelles, with a focus on kidney diseases. Finally, the article concludes with an overview of mitochondria-related clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruochen Che
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Li T, Yang K, Gao W, Peng F, Zou X. Cellular senescence in acute kidney injury: Target and opportunity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 706:149744. [PMID: 38479244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disease with a high incidence and mortality rate. It typically arises from hemodynamic alterations, sepsis, contrast agents, and toxic drugs, instigating a series of events that culminate in tissue and renal damage. This sequence of processes often leads to acute renal impairment, prompting the initiation of a repair response. Cellular senescence is an irreversible arrest of the cell cycle. Studies have shown that renal cellular senescence is closely associated with AKI through several mechanisms, including the promotion of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, telomere shortening, and the down-regulation of klotho expression. Exploring the role of cellular senescence in AKI provides innovative therapeutic ideas for both the prevention and treatment of AKI. Furthermore, it has been observed that targeted removal of senescent cells in vivo can efficiently postpone senescence, resulting in an enhanced prognosis for diseases associated with senescence. This article explores the effects of common anti-senescence drugs senolytics and senostatic and lifestyle interventions on renal diseases, and mentions the rapid development of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These studies have taken senescence-related research to a new level. Overall, this article comprehensively summarizes the studies on cellular senescence in AKI, aiming is to elucidate the relationship between cellular senescence and AKI, and explore treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Kexin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Fujun Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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Li XY, Yu JT, Dong YH, Shen XY, Hou R, Xie MM, Wei J, Hu XW, Dong ZH, Shan RR, Jin J, Shao W, Meng XM. Protein acetylation and related potential therapeutic strategies in kidney disease. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106950. [PMID: 37820854 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease can be caused by various internal and external factors that have led to a continual increase in global deaths. Current treatment methods can alleviate but do not markedly prevent disease development. Further research on kidney disease has revealed the crucial function of epigenetics, especially acetylation, in the pathology and physiology of the kidney. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), and acetyllysine readers jointly regulate acetylation, thus affecting kidney physiological homoeostasis. Recent studies have shown that acetylation improves mechanisms and pathways involved in various types of nephropathy. The discovery and application of novel inhibitors and activators have further confirmed the important role of acetylation. In this review, we provide insights into the physiological process of acetylation and summarise its specific mechanisms and potential therapeutic effects on renal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ju-Tao Yu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Hang Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man-Man Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Ze-Hui Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Run-Run Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wei Shao
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Wu K, Wang Y, Liu R, Wang H, Rui T. The role of mammalian Sirtuin 6 in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207133. [PMID: 37497437 PMCID: PMC10366693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are severe diseases posing threat to human health because of their high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is also increasing rapidly. Various signaling molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), which is a class III histone deacetylase, has attracted numerous attentions since its discovery. Sirt6 enjoys a unique structure, important biological functions, and is involved in multiple cellular processes such as stress response, mitochondrial biogenesis, transcription, insulin resistance, inflammatory response, chromatin silencing, and apoptosis. Sirt6 also plays significant roles in regulating several cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, as well as cardiac remodeling, bringing Sirt6 into the focus of clinical interests. In this review, we examine the recent advances in understanding the mechanistic working through which Sirt6 alters the course of lethal cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
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7
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Zhang X, Zhao L, Xiang S, Sun Y, Wang P, Chen JJ, Teo BSX, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Xu J. Yishen Tongluo formula alleviates diabetic kidney disease through regulating Sirt6/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and promoting degradation of TGF-β1. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116243. [PMID: 36791927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yishen Tongluo formula (YSTLF) is formulated based on traditional Chinese medicine theory for the treatment of Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and has been shown to be effective in improving the symptoms of DKD according to the clinical observation. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effect of YSTLF on DKD and figure out whether its effects were due to the regulation Sirt6/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and promoting degradation of TGF-β1. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract of YSTLF at 1, 2.5 and 5 g/kg was orally administered to C57BLKS/J (db/db) mice for 8 weeks and db/db mice were given valsartan as a positive control. The littermate db/m and db/db mice were given vehicle as the control and model group, respectively. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were detected and the urinary albumin excretion, urea albumin creatinine ratio was calculated. The histopathological change of renal tissues in each group was determined. Simultaneously, the levels of fibrosis-related proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA) in kidney and high glucose (HG)-induced SV40-MES-13 cells were detected. The roles of YSTLF in regulating of Sirt6/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway were investigated in HG-stimulated SV40-MES-13 cells and validated in db/db mice. Furthermore, the effect of YSTLF on TGF-β1 degradation was investigated in HG-stimulated SV40-MES-13 cells. RESULTS YSTLF significantly improved the renal function in DKD mice. YSTLF dose-dependently attenuated pathological changes and suppressed the expression of type I collagen, alpha smooth muscle actin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin in vitro and in vivo, resulting in ameliorating of renal fibrosis. YSTLF positively regulated Sirt6 expression, while inhibited the activating of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. TGF-β1 was steady expressed in HG-stimulated SV40-MES-13 cells, whereas was continuously degraded under YSTLF treatment. CONCLUSIONS YSTLF significantly ameliorates renal damages and fibrosis may via regulating Sirt6/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway as well as promoting the degradation of TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Shixie Xiang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yiran Sun
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Jenny Jie Chen
- International Academic Affairs Department, Management and Science University. University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Brian Sheng-Xian Teo
- International Academic Affairs Department, Management and Science University. University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Zhishen Xie
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Jiangyan Xu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
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Erdem S, Titus A, Patel D, Patel NN, Sattar Y, Glazier J, Alraies MC. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: A Scoping Review of the Positive Implications on Cardiovascular and Renal Health and Dynamics for Clinical Practice. Cureus 2023; 15:e37310. [PMID: 37182087 PMCID: PMC10166724 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have been demonstrated in patients with type 2 diabetes in multiple trials. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of the role of SGLT2i in cardiovascular disease. Reducing blood glucose to provide more effective vascular function, lowering the circulating volume, reducing cardiac stress, and preventing pathological cardiac re-modeling and function are the mechanisms implicated in the beneficial cardiovascular effects of SGLT2 inhibitors. Treatment with SGLT2i was associated with a decrease in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, acute heart failure exacerbation hospitalization, and composite adverse renal outcomes. Improved symptoms, better functional status, and quality of life were also seen in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), heart failure and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. Recent trials have shown a notable therapeutic benefit of SGLT2is in acute heart failure and also suggest that SGLT2is have the potential to strengthen recovery after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in percutaneous coronary Intervention (PCI) patients. The mechanism behind the cardio-metabolic and renal-protective effects of SGLT2i is multifactorial. Adverse events may occur with their usage including increased risk of genital infections, diabetic ketoacidosis, and perhaps limited amputations; however, all of them are preventable. Overall, SGLT2i clearly has many beneficial effects, and the benefits of using SGLT2i by far outweigh the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Erdem
- Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA
| | - Anoop Titus
- Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, USA
- Medicine, Government Medical College Thrissur, Thrissur, IND
| | - Dhruvil Patel
- Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA
| | - Neel N Patel
- Internal Medicine, New York Medical College/Landmark Medical Center, Woonsocket, USA
- Medicine, B. J. (Byramjee Jeejeebhoy) Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Yasar Sattar
- Cardiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
| | - James Glazier
- Cardiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, USA
| | - M Chadi Alraies
- Cardiology, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, USA
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9
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Vo KCT, Sato Y, Kawamura K. Improvement of oocyte quality through the SIRT signaling pathway. Reprod Med Biol 2023; 22:e12510. [PMID: 36845003 PMCID: PMC9949364 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oocyte quality is one of the major deciding factors in female fertility competence. Methods PubMed database was searched for reviews by using the following keyword "oocyte quality" AND "Sirtuins". The methodological quality of each literature review was assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Main Findings Oxidative stress has been recognized as the mechanism attenuating oocyte quality. Increasing evidence from animal experiments and clinical studies has confirmed the protective roles of the sirtuin family in improving oocyte quality via an antioxidant effect. Conclusion The protective roles in the oocyte quality of the sirtuin family have been increasingly recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Cat Tuyen Vo
- Graduate School of MedicineInternational University of Health and Welfare School of MedicineNarita‐shiJapan,Department of Obstetrics & GynaecologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Yorino Sato
- Graduate School of MedicineInternational University of Health and Welfare School of MedicineNarita‐shiJapan,Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University Faculty of MedicineBunkyokuJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Kawamura
- Graduate School of MedicineInternational University of Health and Welfare School of MedicineNarita‐shiJapan,Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University Faculty of MedicineBunkyokuJapan
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Casper E. Comments on "The ameliorative effect of kaempferol against CdCl 2-mediated renal damage entails activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-kB" by Alshehri Ali et al. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19,876-7). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24790-24791. [PMID: 36690852 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization, St. Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
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11
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Zhu M, Yang X, Huang Y, Wang Z, Xiong Z. Serum SIRT6 Levels Are Associated with Frailty in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:719-725. [PMID: 37754211 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frailty is one of the major health problems facing aging societies worldwide. We investigated the association between serum SIRT6 and frailty in older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of associations of serum SIRT6 and frailty in older people. SETTING Enrolled community-dwelling and hospital outpatient clinic adults older than 65 years old in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 540 community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 65 years) in Wuhan were included in the study. MEASURES We used Frailty Phenotype criteria for classifying participants based on their frailty status. Serum SIRT6 was measured using an ELISA kit. RESULTS A total of 540 older adults were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum SIRT6 was lower in the slowness group (7.23±1.81 vs 5.89±1.74, p<0.001), weakness group (6.87±1.88 vs 5.68±1.64, p<0.001), and exhaustion group (6.73±1.90 vs 5.88±1.74, p<0.001) compare with the normal group. ROC curves were used to assess the efficiency of SIRT6 in predicting frailty in older adults. The AUC for SIRT6 was 0.792 (95% CI: 0.7514 to 0.8325), with the highest sensitivity of 68.0% and the specificity of 91.9%, and the optimal critical value of 4.65ng/ml according to Youden's index. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum SIRT6 level was independently associated with frailty in older people. CONCLUSION In conclusion, serum SIRT6 was decreased in frailty compared with robust older adults. A decreased serum SIRT6 was independently associated with an increased risk of frailty. SIRT6 may be a potential target for the treatment of patients with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhu
- Zhifan Xiong, Division of Gastroenterology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 39 Lake Road, East Lake Ecological Science, Wuhan 430077, Hubei, China,
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Potočnjak I, Šimić L, Batičić L, Križan H, Domitrović R. Sinomenine mitigates cisplatin-induced kidney injury by targeting multiple signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 171:113538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Liu T, Yang L, Mao H, Ma F, Wang Y, Li S, Li P, Zhan Y. Sirtuins as novel pharmacological targets in podocyte injury and related glomerular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113620. [PMID: 36122519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a major cause of proteinuria in kidney diseases, and persistent loss of podocytes leads to rapid irreversible progression of kidney disease. Sirtuins, a class of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases, can promote DNA repair, modify transcription factors, and regulate the cell cycle. Additionally, sirtuins play a critical role in renoprotection, particularly against podocyte injury. They also have pleiotropic protective effects on podocyte injury-related glomerular diseases, such as improving the immune inflammatory status and oxidative stress levels, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, enhancing autophagy, and regulating lipid metabolism. Sirtuins deficiency causes podocyte injury in different glomerular diseases. Studies using podocyte sirtuin-specific knockout and transgenic models corroborate this conclusion. Of note, sirtuin activators have protective effects in different podocyte injury-related glomerular diseases, including diabetic kidney disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus nephritis. These findings suggest that sirtuins are promising therapeutic targets for preventing podocyte injury. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the role of sirtuins in kidney diseases, especially their role in podocyte injury, and summarizes the possible rationale for sirtuins as targets for pharmacological intervention in podocyte injury-related glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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14
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Li X, Li W, Zhang Z, Wang W, Huang H. SIRT6 overexpression retards renal interstitial fibrosis through targeting HIPK2 in chronic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1007168. [PMID: 36172184 PMCID: PMC9510922 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1007168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Renal interstitial fibrosis is a common pathophysiological change in the chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is demonstrated to protect against kidney injury. Vitamin B3 is the mostly used form of NAD precursors. However, the role of SIRT6 overexpression in renal interstitial fibrosis of CKD and the association between dietary vitamin B3 intake and renal function remain to be elucidated. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and SIRT6-transgene (SIRT6-Tg) mice were given with high-adenine diets to establish CKD model. HK2 cells were exposed to transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in vitro to explore related mechanism. Population data from Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) was used to examine the association between dietary vitamin B3 intake and renal function decline. Results: Compared to WT mice, SIRT6-Tg mice exhibited alleviated renal interstitial fibrosis as evidenced by reduced collagen deposit, collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin expression. Renal function was also improved in SIRT6-Tg mice. Homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) was induced during the fibrogenesis in CKD, while HIPK2 was downregulated after SIRT6 overexpression. Further assay in vitro confirmed that SIRT6 depletion exacerbated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of HK2 cells, which might be linked with HIPK2 upregulation. HIPK2 was inhibited by SIRT6 in the post-transcriptional level. Population study indicated that higher dietary vitamin B3 intake was independently correlated with a lower risk of estimate glomerular filtration rate decline in those ≥65 years old during follow-up. Conclusion: SIRT6/HIPK2 axis serves as a promising target of renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD. Dietary vitamin B3 intake is beneficial for renal function in the old people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengzhipeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Huang,
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Deng J, Wu Z, He Y, Lin L, Tan W, Yang J. Interaction Between Intrinsic Renal Cells and Immune Cells in the Progression of Acute Kidney Injury. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:954574. [PMID: 35872775 PMCID: PMC9300888 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.954574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have confirmed that immune cells play various key roles in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) development. After the resident immune cells and intrinsic renal cells are damaged by ischemia and hypoxia, drugs and toxins, more immune cells will be recruited to infiltrate through the release of chemokines, while the intrinsic cells promote macrophage polarity conversion, and the immune cells will promote various programmed deaths, phenotypic conversion and cycle arrest of the intrinsic cells, ultimately leading to renal impairment and fibrosis. In the complex and dynamic immune microenvironment of AKI, the bidirectional interaction between immune cells and intrinsic renal cells affects the prognosis of the kidney and the progression of fibrosis, and determines the ultimate fate of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Deng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifen Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun He
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jurong Yang ;
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Atkinson J, Bezak E, Kempson I. Imaging DNA double-strand breaks - are we there yet? Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:579-580. [PMID: 35789205 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Atkinson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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Sirtuins and Hypoxia in EMT Control. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060737. [PMID: 35745656 PMCID: PMC9228842 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a physiological process during embryogenesis, can become pathological in the presence of different driving forces. Reduced oxygen tension or hypoxia is one of these forces, triggering a large number of molecular pathways with aberrant EMT induction, resulting in cancer and fibrosis onset. Both hypoxia-induced factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, act as master transcription factors implicated in EMT. On the other hand, hypoxia-dependent HIF-independent EMT has also been described. Recently, a new class of seven proteins with deacylase activity, called sirtuins, have been implicated in the control of both hypoxia responses, HIF-1α and HIF-2α activation, as well as EMT induction. Intriguingly, different sirtuins have different effects on hypoxia and EMT, acting as either activators or inhibitors, depending on the tissue and cell type. Interestingly, sirtuins and HIF can be activated or inhibited with natural or synthetic molecules. Moreover, recent studies have shown that these natural or synthetic molecules can be better conveyed using nanoparticles, representing a valid strategy for EMT modulation. The following review, by detailing the aspects listed above, summarizes the interplay between hypoxia, sirtuins, and EMT, as well as the possible strategies to modulate them by using a nanoparticle-based approach.
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Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:182. [PMID: 35680856 PMCID: PMC9184651 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the driving force for the loss of nephron including tubules, glomerulus, and endothelium. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, and RAAS signaling involves in lipotoxicity. The upregulated Nox expression and the decreased Nrf2 expression result in oxidative stress directly. The injured renal resident cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit immune cells such as macrophages from bone marrow. NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and cGAS-STING signaling are major signaling pathways that mediate inflammation in inflammatory cells including immune cells and injured renal resident cells. The inflammatory cells produce and secret a great number of profibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β1, Wnt ligands, and angiotensin II. TGF-β signaling, Wnt signaling, RAAS signaling, and Notch signaling evoke the activation of myofibroblasts and promote the generation of ECM. The potential therapies targeted to these signaling pathways are also introduced here. In this review, we update the key signaling pathways of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and myofibroblasts activation in kidneys with chronic injury, and the targeted drugs based on the latest studies. Unifying these pathways and the targeted therapies will be instrumental to advance further basic and clinical investigation in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ben Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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