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Babadei O, Strobl B, Müller M, Decker T. Transcriptional control of interferon-stimulated genes. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107771. [PMID: 39276937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced genes are among the best-studied groups of coregulated genes. Nevertheless, intense research into their regulation, supported by new technologies, is continuing to provide insights into their many layers of transcriptional regulation and to reveal how cellular transcriptomes change with pathogen-induced innate and adaptive immunity. This article gives an overview of recent findings on interferon-induced gene regulation, paying attention to contributions beyond the canonical JAK-STAT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Babadei
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Strobl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna, Austria.
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Shu X, Xie Y, Shu M, Ou X, Yang J, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zeng H, Shao L. Acute effects of TLR3 agonist Poly(I:C) on bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells in mice. Immunol Lett 2024; 270:106927. [PMID: 39265918 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in bone marrow with limited abilities for self-renewal and differentiation continuously supply hematopoietic cells through life. When suffering infection or inflammation, HPCs will actively proliferate to provide differentiated hematopoietic cells to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. Poly(I:C), an agonist of TLR3, can specifically activate Type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling which exerts anti-inflammatory effects and influence hematopoiesis after infection. However, the effects of Poly(I:C)-induced IFN-I on the bone marrow hematopoietic system still deserve attention. In this study, our results revealed the efficacy of the IFN-I model, with a remarkably decrease in HPCs and a sharp elevation in LSKs numbers after single dose of Poly(I:C) injection. Apoptotic ratios of HPCs and LSKs significantly increased 48 h after Poly(I:C) treatment. Application of Poly(I:C) prompted the transition of HPCs and LSKs from G0 to G1 phases, potentially leading to the accelerated exhaustion of HPCs. From the cobblestone area-forming cell (CAFC) assay, we speculate that Poly(I:C) impairs the differentiation capacity of HPCs as well as their colony-forming ability. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry revealed significant upregulation of IFN-I associated genes and proteins following Poly(I:C) treatment. In conclusion, a single dose of Poly(I:C) induced an acute detrimental effect on HPCs within 48 h potentially due to TLR3 engagement. This activation cascaded into a robust IFN-I response emanating from the bone marrow, underscoring the intricate immunological dynamics at play following Poly(I:C) intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yuxuan Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Manling Shu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Xiangying Ou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Huihong Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
| | - Lijian Shao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University, China; School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China.
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Freeman P, Bellomo G, Ireland L, Abudula M, Luckett T, Oberst M, Stafferton R, Ghaneh P, Halloran C, Schmid MC, Mielgo A. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factors increases production of CXCL9/10 by macrophages and fibroblasts and facilitates CD8 + cytotoxic T cell recruitment to pancreatic tumours. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382538. [PMID: 39165364 PMCID: PMC11334161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with an urgent unmet clinical need for new therapies. Using a combination of in vitro assays and in vivo preclinical models we demonstrate that therapeutic inhibition of the IGF signalling axis promotes the accumulation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells within the tumour microenvironment of PDAC tumours. Mechanistically, we show that IGF blockade promotes macrophage and fibroblast production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 to facilitate CD8+ T cell recruitment and trafficking towards the PDAC tumour. Exploring this pathway further, we show that IGF inhibition leads to increased STAT1 transcriptional activity, correlating with a downregulation of the AKT/STAT3 signalling axis, in turn promoting Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 gene transcription. Using patient derived tumour explants, we also demonstrate that our findings translate into the human setting. PDAC tumours are frequently described as "immunologically cold", therefore bolstering CD8+ T cell recruitment to PDAC tumours through IGF inhibition may serve to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors which rely on the presence of CD8+ T cells in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Freeman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gaia Bellomo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Ireland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Maidinaimu Abudula
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Teifion Luckett
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Oberst
- Department of Oncology Research, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Ruth Stafferton
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Ghaneh
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C. Schmid
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ainhoa Mielgo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Purbey PK, Seo J, Paul MK, Iwamoto KS, Daly AE, Feng AC, Champhekar AS, Langerman J, Campbell KM, Schaue D, McBride WH, Dubinett SM, Ribas A, Smale ST, Scumpia PO. Opposing tumor-cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of the IRF1 transcription factor in antitumor immunity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114289. [PMID: 38833371 PMCID: PMC11315447 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-γ foster antitumor immunity by facilitating T cell responses. Paradoxically, IFNs may promote T cell exhaustion by activating immune checkpoints. The downstream regulators of these disparate responses are incompletely understood. Here, we describe how interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) orchestrates these opposing effects of IFNs. IRF1 expression in tumor cells blocks Toll-like receptor- and IFN-I-dependent host antitumor immunity by preventing interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) and effector programs in immune cells. In contrast, expression of IRF1 in the host is required for antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, IRF1 binds distinctly or together with STAT1 at promoters of immunosuppressive but not immunostimulatory ISGs in tumor cells. Overexpression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Irf1-/- tumors only partially restores tumor growth, suggesting multifactorial effects of IRF1 on antitumor immunity. Thus, we identify that IRF1 expression in tumor cells opposes host IFN-I- and IRF1-dependent antitumor immunity to facilitate immune escape and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat K Purbey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Joowon Seo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Manash K Paul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Keisuke S Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Allison E Daly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - An-Chieh Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ameya S Champhekar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Justin Langerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - William H McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steven M Dubinett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen T Smale
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Philip O Scumpia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
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Mihaescu G, Chifiriuc MC, Filip R, Bleotu C, Ditu LM, Constantin M, Cristian RE, Grigore R, Bertesteanu SV, Bertesteanu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of interferons in the antiviral battle: from virus-host crosstalk to prophylactic and therapeutic potential in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1273604. [PMID: 38288121 PMCID: PMC10822962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalians sense antigenic messages from infectious agents that penetrate the respiratory and digestive epithelium, as well as signals from damaged host cells through membrane and cytosolic receptors. The transduction of these signals triggers a personalized response, depending on the nature of the stimulus and the host's genetics, physiological condition, and comorbidities. Interferons (IFNs) are the primary effectors of the innate immune response, and their synthesis is activated in most cells within a few hours after pathogen invasion. IFNs are primarily synthesized in infected cells, but their anti-infective effect is extended to the neighboring cells by autocrine and paracrine action. The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in 2019 was a stark reminder of the potential threat posed by newly emerging viruses. This pandemic has also triggered an overwhelming influx of research studies aiming to unveil the mechanisms of protective versus pathogenic host immune responses induced by SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of IFNs as vital players in the battle against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We will briefly characterize and classify IFNs, present the inductors of IFN synthesis, their sensors, and signaling pathways, and then discuss the role of IFNs in controlling the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its clinical outcome. Finally, we will present the perspectives and controversies regarding the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IFNs in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Microbiology Department, Suceava Emergency County Hospital, Suceava, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lia Mara Ditu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gloria Bertesteanu
- ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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Nowicka H, Sekrecka A, Blaszczyk K, Kluzek K, Chang CY, Wesoly J, Lee CK, Bluyssen HAR. ISGF3 and STAT2/IRF9 Control Basal and IFN-Induced Transcription through Genome-Wide Binding of Phosphorylated and Unphosphorylated Complexes to Common ISRE-Containing ISGs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17635. [PMID: 38139463 PMCID: PMC10743977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the canonical ISGF3 and non-canonical STAT2/IRF9 complexes, evidence is emerging of the role of their unphosphorylated counterparts in IFN-dependent and -independent ISG transcription. To better understand the relation between ISGF3 and U-ISGF3 and STAT2/IRF9 and U-STAT2/IRF9 in IFN-I-stimulated transcriptional responses, we performed RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq, in combination with phosphorylation inhibition and antiviral experiments. First, we identified a group of ISRE-containing ISGs that were commonly regulated in IFNα-treated WT and STAT1-KO cells. Thus, in 2fTGH and Huh7.5 WT cells, early and long-term IFNα-inducible transcription and antiviral activity relied on the DNA recruitment of the ISGF3 components STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9 in a phosphorylation- and time-dependent manner. Likewise, in ST2-U3C and Huh-STAT1KO cells lacking STAT1, delayed IFN responses correlated with DNA binding of phosphorylated STAT2/IRF9 but not U-STAT2/IRF9. In addition, comparative experiments in U3C (STAT1-KO) cells overexpressing all the ISGF3 components (ST1-ST2-IRF9-U3C) revealed U-ISGF3 (and possibly U-STAT2/IRF9) chromatin interactions to correlate with phosphorylation-independent ISG transcription and antiviral activity. Together, our data point to the dominant role of the canonical ISGF3 and non-canonical STAT2/IRF9, without a shift to U-ISGF3 or U-STAT2/IRF9, in the regulation of early and prolonged ISG expression and viral protection. At the same time, they suggest the threshold-dependent role of U-ISFG3, and potentially U-STAT2/IRF9, in the regulation of constitutive and possibly long-term IFNα-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Nowicka
- Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Sekrecka
- Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Blaszczyk
- Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kluzek
- Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Chan-Yu Chang
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Joanna Wesoly
- Laboratory of High Throughput Technologies, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Chien-Kuo Lee
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hans A. R. Bluyssen
- Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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