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Kharpan B, Chetia J, Pyngrope H, Nandi R, Pradhan AK, Paul PC, Kumar D. Investigation of antileishmanial, antioxidant activities, CT-DNA interaction and DFT study of novel cobalt(II) complexes derived from mesogenic aromatic amino acids based Schiff base ligands. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00627-9. [PMID: 39154301 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, new Co(II) complexes were synthesized from mesogenic aromatic amino acids based Schiff base ligands, HL1 [Methyl 2-((2-hydroxy-4-(tetradecyloxy)benzylidene)amino)-3-phenylpropanoate] and HL2 [Methyl 2-((2-hydroxy-4-(tetradecyloxy)benzylidene)amino)-3-(1H-indol-2-yl)propanoate]. The compounds were thoroughly characterised using different elemental, thermogravimetric and spectroscopic studies. The in-vitro antileishmanial efficacy of the compounds against Leishmania donovani was evaluated by MTT assay and the antioxidant activity was performed by Mensor's method. The cell viability percentage and IC50 values for both the antileishmanial and antioxidant studies revealed that the cobalt(II) complexes are comparable to the standard, amphotericin B and ascorbic acid, respectively, signifying the potential applications of the biogenic compounds. The CT-DNA interaction experiments study using photophysical techniques indicated that the cobalt(II) complexes exhibited pronounced interactions as compared to the parent ligand. The parent ligands were found to possess mesogenicity as evidenced from the polarizing optical microscope (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optical band gap of the compounds, as estimated from the Tauc plot of the UV-Vis spectra, lies within the domain of optoelectronic material properties, which was further supported through Density Functional Theory (DFT) study. Moreover, DFT methods have been used to explore the ground state geometry and DFT based reactivity descriptors of the two synthesised ligands, HL1 and HL2 along with their corresponding Co(II) complexes, Co(L1)2 and Co(L2)2. Reactivity descriptors obtained from Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT) analysis reveal that Co(L1)2 is the most stable and Co(L2)2 is the most electrophilic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagritima Chetia
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Hunshisha Pyngrope
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajat Nandi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Pradip C Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India.
| | - Diwakar Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
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Metronidazole-conjugates: A comprehensive review of recent developments towards synthesis and medicinal perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112994. [PMID: 33234343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitroimidazoles based compounds remain a hot topic of research in medicinal chemistry due to their numerous biological activities. Moreover, many clinical candidates based on this chemical core have been reported to be valuable in the treatment of human diseases. Metronidazole (MTZ) derived conjugates demonstrated a potential application in medicinal chemistry research over the last decade. In this review, we summarize the synthesis, key structure-activity-relationship (SAR) and associated biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV and anti-parasitic (Anti-trichomonas, antileishmanial, antiamoebic and anti-giardial) of explored MTZ-conjugates. The molecular docking analysis is also presented simultaneously, which will assist in developing an understanding towards designing of new MTZ-conjugates for target-based drug discovery against multiple disease areas.
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Bkhaitan MM, Alarjah M, Mirza AZ, Abdalla AN, El-Said HM, Faidah HS. Preparation and biological evaluation of metronidazole derivatives with monoterpenes and eugenol. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1954-1962. [PMID: 30022596 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Two series of metronidazole derivatives (ester derivatives and ether derivatives) were prepared reacting metronidazole and its acetic acid oxidized form with menthol, thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol. Both series of compounds were tested in vitro against two strains of Helicobacter pylori (the ATCC 26695 and P12), and one strain of Clostridium (Clostridium perfringens). Most of the prepared compounds showed biological activity against the targeted bacteria. Compound 11 was highly active against all tested bacterial strains, especially against P12 with IC50 0.0011 μM/ml. Compound 6 was highly active against C. perfringens with MIC 0.0094 nM/ml. Viability test was conducted for compound 11 to test its selectivity for normal human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC5), and it was found to be non-toxic with IC50 more than 50 μM/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi M Bkhaitan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alarjah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agha Zeeshan Mirza
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdi M El-Said
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani S Faidah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Masoudi NA, Abbas ZAA. Synthesis and biological activity of new metronidazole derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saleh YRH, Saadeh HA, Kaur H, Goyal K, Sehgal R, Mubarak MS. The synthesis of novel hybrid compounds containing 5-nitrothiazole moiety as potential antiparasitic agents. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Metronidazole derivatives as a new class of antiparasitic agents: synthesis, prediction of biological activity, and molecular properties. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kassan NE, Saadeh HA, Talib WH, Mahasneh AM, Kaur H, Goyal K, Sehgal R, Mubarak MS. Synthesis and biological activity of novel Schiff bases derived from metronidazole. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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