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Kasum VU, Hayati F, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Nik Lah NAS, Tung SEH. Association between dietary pattern and Helicobacter Pylori infection at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu: A case-control study. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00604-3. [PMID: 38604869 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in Sabah. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the association between dietary pattern and H. pylori infection among patients aged 18 years and above that went for first esophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) in 2021 at Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Kota Kinabalu. METHODS Dietary intake of positive H. pylori was compared with healthy subjects by using questionnaire adapted from Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2014. Using logistic regression models, we evaluated the association between dietary pattern and H. pylori infection risk. FINDINGS Our finding identified four dietary patterns, namely "high carbohydrate pattern", "high fiber pattern", "high fat/cholesterol pattern" and "high salt pattern". After adjustment for potential confounders, the highest quartile of "high salt pattern" showed greater odds of H. pylori infection (OR = 1.26; 95% Cl: 1.032-1.459; P = 0.045) than lowest quartile, while highest quartile of "high fiber pattern" demonstrated lower odd of the infection (OR = 0.69; 95% Cl: 0.537-0.829; P = 0.008) than those in lowest quartile. If compared with Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) 2017, positive H. pylori consumed high carbohydrates and sodium with insufficient fiber intake. CONCLUSION To conclude, "high fiber pattern" lowers the risk of H. pylori infection while "high salt pattern" increases the infection risk. Our study also highlighted the importance of nutrient intake within daily allowances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Urie Kasum
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nik Amin Sahid Nik Lah
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Serene En Hui Tung
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang Z, Zhou X, Hu X, Zheng C. Quercetin ameliorates Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric epithelial cell injury by regulating specificity protein 1/lipocalin 2 axis in gastritis. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:641-650. [PMID: 38056887 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is the main cause of most cases of gastritis. Quercetin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and antiviral activities and has been demonstrated to be involved in HP-induced gastric mucosa injury. Moreover, the secretory protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) was elevated in HP-infected gastric mucosa. Thus, this work aimed to study the interaction between quercetin and LCN2 in HP-triggered gastric injury during gastritis. Human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 cells were exposed to HP for functional experiments. Cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation were evaluated by cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Levels of genes and proteins were tested using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses. The interaction between LCN2 and specificity protein 1 (SP1) was validated using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Thereafter, we found quercetin treatment suppressed HP-induced GES-1 cell apoptotic and inflammatory injury and macrophage M1 polarization. LCN2 was highly expressed in HP-infected gastritis patients and HP-infected GES-1 cells, while quercetin reduced LCN2 expression in HP-infected GES-1 cells; moreover, LCN2 knockdown reversed HP-induced GES-1 cell injury and macrophage M1 polarization, and forced expression of LCN2 abolished the protective effects of quercetin on GES-1 cells under HP infection. Mechanistically, SP1 bound to LCN2 promoter and promoted its transcription. Also, SP1 overexpression counteracted the functions of quercetin on HP-stimulated GES-1 cells. In all, quercetin ameliorated HP-induced gastric epithelial cell apoptotic and inflammatory injuries, and macrophage M1 polarization via the SP1/LCN2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congru Zheng
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Usui G, Matsusaka K, Huang KK, Zhu F, Shinozaki T, Fukuyo M, Rahmutulla B, Yogi N, Okada T, Minami M, Seki M, Sakai E, Fujibayashi K, Kwok Tsao SK, Khor C, Ang TL, Abe H, Matsubara H, Fukayama M, Gunji T, Matsuhashi N, Morikawa T, Ushiku T, Yeoh KG, Tan P, Kaneda A. Integrated environmental, lifestyle, and epigenetic risk prediction of primary gastric neoplasia using the longitudinally monitored cohorts. EBioMedicine 2023; 98:104844. [PMID: 38251469 PMCID: PMC10755115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation accumulates in non-malignant gastric mucosa after exposure to pathogens. To elucidate how environmental, methylation, and lifestyle factors interplay to influence primary gastric neoplasia (GN) risk, we analyzed longitudinally monitored cohorts in Japan and Singapore. METHODS Asymptomatic subjects who underwent a gastric mucosal biopsy on the health check-up were enrolled. We analyzed the association between clinical factors and GN development using Cox hazard models. We further conducted comprehensive methylation analysis on selected tissues, including (i) mucosae from subjects developing GN later, (ii) mucosae from subjects not developing GN later, and (iii) GN tissues and surrounding mucosae. We also use the methylation data of mucosa collected in Singapore. The association between methylation and GN risk, as well as lifestyle and methylation, were analyzed. FINDINGS Among 4234 subjects, GN was developed in 77 subjects. GN incidence was correlated with age, drinking, smoking, and Helicobacter pylori (HP) status. Accumulation of methylation in biopsied gastric mucosae was predictive of higher future GN risk and shorter duration to GN incidence. Whereas methylation levels were associated with HP positivity, lifestyle, and morphological alterations, DNA methylation remained an independent GN risk factor through multivariable analyses. Pro-carcinogenic epigenetic alterations initiated by HP exposure were amplified by unfavorable but modifiable lifestyle choices. Adding DNA methylation to the model with clinical factors improved the predictive ability for the GN risk. INTERPRETATION The integration of environmental, lifestyle, and epigenetic information can provide increased resolution in the stratification of primary GN risk. FUNDING The funds are listed in Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Usui
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsusaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Pathology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kie Kyon Huang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tomohiro Shinozaki
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Information and Computer Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukuyo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norikazu Yogi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoka Okada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuki Minami
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Pathology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Cancer Genomics Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujibayashi
- Center for Preventive Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephen Kin Kwok Tsao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher Khor
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Gunji
- Center for Preventive Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Patrick Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Health and Disease Omics Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Sharafutdinov I, Tegtmeyer N, Linz B, Rohde M, Vieth M, Tay ACY, Lamichhane B, Tuan VP, Fauzia KA, Sticht H, Yamaoka Y, Marshall BJ, Backert S. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric cancer development. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1345-1358.e6. [PMID: 37490912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various human genes are key factors in carcinogenesis. However, whether SNPs in bacterial pathogens are similarly crucial in cancer development is unknown. Here, we analyzed 1,043 genomes of the stomach pathogen Helicobacter pylori and pinpointed a SNP in the serine protease HtrA (position serine/leucine 171) that significantly correlates with gastric cancer. Our functional studies reveal that the 171S-to-171L mutation triggers HtrA trimer formation and enhances proteolytic activity and cleavage of epithelial junction proteins occludin and tumor-suppressor E-cadherin. 171L-type HtrA, but not 171S-HtrA-possessing H. pylori, inflicts severe epithelial damage, enhances injection of oncoprotein CagA into epithelial cells, increases NF-κB-mediated inflammation and cell proliferation through nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, and promotes host DNA double-strand breaks, collectively triggering malignant changes. These findings highlight the 171S/L HtrA mutation as a unique bacterial cancer-associated SNP and as a potential biomarker for risk predictions in H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Sharafutdinov
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bodo Linz
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alfred Chin-Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia
| | - Binit Lamichhane
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Department of Endoscopy, Choray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam; Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Kartika Afrida Fauzia
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan; Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Barry J Marshall
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia; University of Western Australia, Marshall Centre, M504, Crawley, WA, Australia; Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Steffen Backert
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Ait-Zenati F, Djoudi F, Mehelleb D, Madaoui M. Involvement of the human microbiome in frequent cancers, current knowledge and carcinogenesis mechanisms. Bull Cancer 2023:S0007-4551(23)00092-9. [PMID: 36959041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The human body is home to a complex microbial community, living in symbiosis. However, when an imbalance occurs, known as dysbiosis, it can lead to organic diseases such as cancers. Helicobacter pylori is commonly recognized as the causative agent of gastric cancer. Numerous studies have explored the potential role of other microorganisms in cancers. For example, the role of intestinal microbiota in the hepatocellular carcinoma formation and progression, the microbiota in breast cancer and the interaction between the microbiome and TP53 in human lung carcinogenesis. In this review, we highlight the latest findings on the microbiome involved in the most common cancers and the suggested mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazia Ait-Zenati
- Laboratoire d'écologie microbienne, département de microbiologie, université de Bejaia, route de Targa-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Ferhat Djoudi
- Laboratoire d'écologie microbienne, département de microbiologie, université de Bejaia, route de Targa-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Dalila Mehelleb
- Laboratoire d'écologie microbienne, département de microbiologie, université de Bejaia, route de Targa-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Menad Madaoui
- Laboratoire d'écologie microbienne, département de microbiologie, université de Bejaia, route de Targa-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria
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Zhu S, Al-Mathkour M, Cao L, Khalafi S, Chen Z, Poveda J, Peng D, Lu H, Soutto M, Hu T, McDonald OG, Zaika A, El-Rifai W. CDK1 bridges NF-κB and β-catenin signaling in response to H. pylori infection in gastric tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112005. [PMID: 36681899 PMCID: PMC9973518 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main risk factor for gastric cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The oncogenic functions of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) are not fully understood in gastric tumorigenesis. Using public datasets, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses, we detect high levels of CDK1 in human and mouse gastric tumors. H. pylori infection induces activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) with a significant increase in CDK1 in in vitro and in vivo models (p < 0.01). We confirm active NF-κB binding sites on the CDK1 promoter sequence. CDK1 phosphorylates and inhibits GSK-3β activity through direct binding with subsequent accumulation and activation of β-catenin. CDK1 silencing or pharmacologic inhibition reverses these effects and impairs tumor organoids and spheroid formation. IHC analysis demonstrates a positive correlation between CDK1 and β-catenin. The results demonstrate a mechanistic link between infection, inflammation, and gastric tumorigenesis where CDK1 plays a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marwah Al-Mathkour
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Longlong Cao
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shayan Khalafi
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julio Poveda
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tianling Hu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Oliver G McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alexander Zaika
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA.
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Huang Y, Chen J, Ding Z, Liang X, Lu H. Susceptibility testing alone will not reliably achieve high Helicobacter pylori cure rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1212-1221. [PMID: 35434851 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Not all the susceptibility-guided therapies for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection achieve excellent eradication rates. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the optimal regimen for H. pylori treatment based on antibiotic susceptibility. METHODS A systematic search was performed in multiple databases. Studies reporting eradication rates of H. pylori with susceptibility-guided therapies were selected. Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled eradication rate among the treatment regimens. RESULTS Forty-eight eligible studies with 101 susceptibility-guided treatment arms were included. The overall eradication rate in patients harboring susceptible strains was 95.0% (95% CI, 94.1-95.9%), but only 63.4% of treatment arms (64/101) achieved good eradication rates (≥ 90%). Pooled eradication rates in patients with susceptible strains were: 93.4% (95% CI, 92.0-94.8%) for clarithromycin, 99.0% (95% CI, 98.1-100%) for nitroimidazoles and 95.4% (95% CI, 93.6-97.2%) for fluoroquinolones. Among the arms using a triple therapy, 66.7% (28/42) using clarithromycin, 84.2% (16/19) using nitroimidazoles and 70.8% (17/24) using fluoroquinolones achieved good (≥ 90%) eradication rates. Of 13 arms using sequential therapy, ≥ 90% eradication was achieved in 14.3% (1/7) using clarithromycin, 25.0% (1/4) using nitroimidazoles and both arms (2/2) using fluoroquinolones. CONCLUSIONS Susceptibility testing alone seemed insufficient to reliably attain high H. pylori cure rates. The eradication rate in patients with nitroimidazoles susceptible strains was higher than those of fluoroquinolones and clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinnan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Ding
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Abdelmalek S, Hamed W, Nagy N, Shokry K, Abdelrahman H. Evaluation of the diagnostic performance and the utility of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen lateral immunochromatography assay. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09189. [PMID: 35368526 PMCID: PMC8969150 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori causes the most common human gastric infection. H. pylori Stool Antigen Lateral Flow Immunochromatography assay (HpSA-LFIA) is considered one of the most cost-effective and rapid non-invasive assays (active tests). Evaluating HpSA-LFIA is of crucial for ensuring accuracy and utility assurance. This study aimed to evaluate the polyclonal antibody-based HpSA-LFIA in comparison to a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA kit. Methodology Stool samples were collected from 200 gastric patients for HpSA-LFIA and semiquantitative HpSA-ELISA tests. A statistical analysis of the diagnostic performance was performed using MedCalc software. Chi-square tests were performed to determine the effects of gender and age. Results and conclusion The results showed that HpSA-LFIA achieved remarkable sensitivity (93.75%) and NPV (98.00%). However, it had poor specificity, PPV, and accuracy of 59.76%, 31.25%, and 65.31%, respectively. LR+ and LR-were 2.33% & 0.1%, respectively. Gender didn't affect the diagnostic performance of HpSA-LFIA. Age groups had irrelevant sensitivity; however, specificity was significantly higher in patients aged >45 years. We can conclude that HpSA-LFIA was not accurate enough to be the sole test for diagnosis and suggest developing other confirmatory tests in case of positive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Abdelmalek
- Microbiology, Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Wafy Hamed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Neven Nagy
- Microbiology, Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Karim Shokry
- Microbiology, Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hisham Abdelrahman
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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9
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Pan G, Wang X, Wang Y, Li R, Li G, He Y, Liu S, Luo Y, Wang L, Lei Z. Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric cancer progression by upregulating semaphorin 5A expression via ERK/MMP9 signaling. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 22:256-264. [PMID: 34514104 PMCID: PMC8424108 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest risk factor for the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanism underlying H. pylori-induced pathogenesis has not yet been fully characterized. Here, we explored whether H. pylori upregulates semaphorin 5A to promote gastric cancer progression via the extracellular regulated protein kinases/matrix metalloproteinase (ERK/MMP9) signaling pathway. In this study, H. pylori upregulated semaphorin 5A expression in vitro and in vivo. Using the human gastric carcinoma cell lines SGC7901, SGC7901-siScrambled, and SGC7901-siSema 5A, our studies showed that H. pylori increased the proliferation, growth, migration, and invasiveness of gastric cancer cells via its effects on semaphorin 5A and that H. pylori increased the expression of MMP9 in gastric cancer cells via the semaphorin 5A-mediated ERK signaling pathway. Further analysis revealed that the ERK inhibitor PD98059 and MMP9 antibody (Ab) attenuated H. pylori-induced gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis in vitro through a semaphorin 5A-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, H. pylori could promote gastric cancer progression in a semaphorin 5A-dependent manner via the ERK/MMP9 signaling pathway. Semaphorin 5A and its related signaling molecules potentially represent latent targets for H. pylori-related gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
- Corresponding author: Guoqing Pan, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China.
| | - Xianwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Geng Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Shiyue Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Yonghui Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
| | - Liqiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yan An Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
- Corresponding author: Liqiong Wang, Department of Pathology, Yan An Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China.
| | - Zi Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China
- Corresponding author: Zi Lei, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650100, P.R. China.
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10
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Santin A, Scheim D, McCullough P, Yagisawa M, Borody T. Ivermectin: a multifaceted drug of Nobel prize-honoured distinction with indicated efficacy against a new global scourge, COVID-19. New Microbes New Infect 2021; 43:100924. [PMID: 34466270 PMCID: PMC8383101 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2015, the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, in its only award for treatments of infectious diseases since six decades prior, honoured the discovery of ivermectin (IVM), a multifaceted drug deployed against some of the world's most devastating tropical diseases. Since March 2020, when IVM was first used against a new global scourge, COVID-19, more than 20 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have tracked such inpatient and outpatient treatments. Six of seven meta-analyses of IVM treatment RCTs reporting in 2021 found notable reductions in COVID-19 fatalities, with a mean 31% relative risk of mortality vs. controls. During mass IVM treatments in Peru, excess deaths fell by a mean of 74% over 30 days in its ten states with the most extensive treatments. Reductions in deaths correlated with the extent of IVM distributions in all 25 states with p < 0.002. Sharp reductions in morbidity using IVM were also observed in two animal models, of SARS-CoV-2 and a related betacoronavirus. The indicated biological mechanism of IVM, competitive binding with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, is likely non-epitope specific, possibly yielding full efficacy against emerging viral mutant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.D. Santin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D.E. Scheim
- US Public Health Service, Inactive Reserve, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - M. Yagisawa
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Infection Control Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T.J. Borody
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Qiao C, Li Y, Liu J, Ji C, Qu J, Hu J, Ji R, Wan M, Lin B, Lin M, Qi Q, Zuo X, Li Y. Clarithromycin versus furazolidone for naïve Helicobacter pylori infected patients in a high clarithromycin resistance area. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2383-2388. [PMID: 33691344 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The increase in antibiotic resistance makes the eradication of Helicobacter pylori more difficult. Considering the limitations of the application of susceptibility-guided therapy, it is important to find an effective empirical regimen. The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of clarithromycin-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (C-BQT) and furazolidone-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (F-BQT) in naïve H. pylori positive patients. METHODS This was an open-label, randomized controlled, crossover trial. The trial comprised two phases. In C-F group, patients received C-BQT in the first phase; those who were still positive for H. pylori infection after the first phase entered the second phase to receive F-BQT as rescue treatment. In F-C group, patients were treated with F-BQT firstly and rescued with C-BQT. RESULTS As first-line treatments, the eradication rates of C-BQT and F-BQT were 89.7% (157/175) and 92.0% (161/175) (P = 0.458) in intention-to-treat analysis and 93.4% (156/167) and 95.8% (161/168) (P = 0.327) in per-protocol analysis, respectively. The cumulative eradication rates of the C-F group and the F-C group were both 94.3% in intention-to-treat analysis (P = 1.000). Cost-effectiveness indexes of F-BQT and C-BQT were 0.54 and 1.24 in first-line treatments. Frequencies of adverse events in F-BQT and C-BQT had no differences (36.0% in C-BQT vs 32.6% in F-BQT, P = 0.499). CONCLUSIONS Furazolidone-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy should be preferred for its excellent cost-effectiveness and acceptable safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaoran Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junyan Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junnan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Boshen Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minjuan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuli Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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12
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Gingold-Belfer R, Niv Y, Levi Z, Boltin D. Rifabutin triple therapy for first-line and rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1392-1402. [PMID: 33037845 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Due to the increasing resistance of Helicobacter pylori, there is a need for novel antibiotic treatment protocols. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to determine the effectiveness and safety of rifabutin triple therapy for H. pylori infection. METHODS We performed a systematic review of prospective clinical trials with a treatment arm consisting of proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and rifabutin and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RESULTS Thirty-three prospective studies including 44 datasets were identified. Meta-analysis of four RCTs for rescue treatment found no difference between treatment groups (odds ratio [OR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.437-1.791, I2 = 68.1%, P = 0.733). Only one RCT compared rifabutin therapy with control for first-line treatment of H. pylori infection (OR 3.78, 95% CI 2.44-5.87, P < 0.0001). Treatment was more likely to be successful in Asian versus non-Asian populations (81.0% vs 72.4%, P = 0.001) and when daily amoxicillin dose was ≥ 3000 mg or proton pump inhibitor dose was ≥ 80 mg or treatment duration was 14 days (80.6% vs 66.0%, P = 0.0001). The overall event rate for adverse effects was 24.8% (729/2937) (95% CI 0.23-0.26), and the pooled OR for adverse effects in the treatment versus control group was 0.93 (95% CI 0.50-1.75) (I2 = 79.76, P = 0.82). CONCLUSION Evidence for the effectiveness of rifabutin for the first-line treatment of H. pylori infection in adults is limited, and studies comparing rifabutin with conventional first-line treatments are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gingold-Belfer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaron Niv
- Division of Patient Safety and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zohar Levi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Doron Boltin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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13
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Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Meester RGS, Laszkowska M, Escudero FA, Ward ZJ, Yeh JM. Cost-effectiveness of prevention and early detection of gastric cancer in Western countries. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 50-51:101735. [PMID: 33975689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant global health problem, with Helicobacter pylori infection estimated to be responsible for 89% of non-cardiac GC cases, or 78% of all GC cases. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has called for Helicobacter pylori test-and-treat strategies in countries with high rates of GC. However, for countries with low rates of GC, such as most Western countries, the balance between benefits, harms and costs of screening is less clear-cut. GC is a disease with a well-characterized precancerous process, providing the basis for primary and secondary prevention efforts. However, rigorous data assessing the impact of such interventions in Western countries are lacking. In the absence of clinical trials, modelling offers a unique approach to evaluate the potential impact of various screening and surveillance interventions. In this paper, we provide an overview of modelling studies evaluating the cost-effectiveness of GC screening and surveillance in Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Reinier G S Meester
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Monika Laszkowska
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Research Center New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Zachary J Ward
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jennifer M Yeh
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Liou JM, Lee YC, Wu MS. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and its long-term impacts on gut microbiota. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:1107-1116. [PMID: 31984532 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the long-term safety following eradication therapy are important issues in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The prevalence of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and metronidazole resistance of H. pylori has increased to 21%, 27%, and 45%, respectively, in the Asia-Pacific region. Personalized treatment guided by susceptibility testing may provide a reliably excellent eradication rate in the first-line treatment but is costly and not widely available. Population-specific empirical therapy according to the local prevalence of antibiotic resistance may be an alternative strategy. Levofloxacin-based therapy and bismuth quadruple therapy are the recommended second-line rescue therapy. Susceptibility testing or genotypic resistance-guided therapy is the preferred treatment for refractory H. pylori infection, but empirical therapy may be an acceptable alternative. Eradication of H. pylori leads to short-term perturbation of gut microbiota. The diversity of gut microbiota can be restored months after eradication therapy, but the speed of recovery varies with regimens. The short-term increases of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae may be restored to basal states months after H. pylori eradication. Future studies that apply in-depth sequencing, such as shotgun metagenomics sequencing, are needed to clarify whether the compositions of gut microbiota at the species level are fully restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ming Liou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Fan CC, Chen CH, Chou C, Kao TY, Cheng AN, Lee AYL, Kuo CL. A time-saving-modified Giemsa stain is a better diagnostic method of Helicobacter pylori infection compared with the rapid urease test. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23110. [PMID: 31733007 PMCID: PMC7171334 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite having chronic gastritis, most people infected by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are asymptomatic and have no specific clinical signs and symptoms. H. pylori infection can be diagnosed by several detection methods. Giemsa stain and rapid urease test (CLO test) are the most performed tests of H. pylori infection at first‐line clinical examination because of their simplicity and reliability. However, the sensitivity of CLO test is significantly reduced in patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, and the weaknesses of Giemsa stain are higher cost and time‐consuming. Methods The Giemsa stain was modified in several staining solutions and procedures based on the simplified Giemsa technique described by Gray, Wyatt, & Rathbone (1986). The modified Giemsa stain is examined its efficacy and compared with the CLO test using 233 H. pylori‐infected patients with gastric disease. Results The modified Giemsa stain is comparable to the traditional one. Statistical analysis indicated that the modified Giemsa stain obtains greater accuracy in H. pylori‐infected patients with gastritis and ulcer than the CLO test (48.1% vs. 43.7%). Moreover, considering the prognosis of different symptoms of gastric diseases, the modified Giemsa stain has a more accurate prognosis than combination symptoms (P = 1.8E‐05 vs. P = 5.49E‐05). The modified Giemsa stain is confirmed to be better than CLO test using 233 H. pylori‐infected patients with gastric disease. Conclusions The modified Giemsa stain is more simplified and time‐saving than traditional Giemsa stain, which is comparable to the traditional one and is confirmed to be better than CLO test using 233 H. pylori‐infected patients with gastric disease. In clinical examination, this modified Giemsa stain can be applied to routine examination and provides quick and accurate diagnosis and prognosis to H. pylori‐infected patients with gastric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chen Fan
- Superintendent Office, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Taiwan Bioinformatics Core, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chi Chou
- Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Kao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - An Ning Cheng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Kuo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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16
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León MA, Palma C, Hernández C, Sandoval M, Cofre C, Perez-Mateluna G, Borzutzky A, Harris PR, Serrano CA. Helicobacter pylori pediatric infection changes FcεRI expression in dendritic cells and Treg profile in vivo and in vitro. Microbes Infect 2019; 21:449-455. [PMID: 31128278 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
H. pylori infection shows an inverse relationship with allergies. Dendritic cells regulate mucosal immune responses including the induction of T regulatory cells which are fundamental in Helicobacter pylori-induced dampening of allergies. In this respect expression of high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) has been associated with a regulatory dendritic cell profile. Therefore we aimed to evaluate possible mechanisms by which H. pylori infection might modify atopy in pediatric patients. Here we show that H. pylori-infected children exhibited both increased expression of FcεRI on peripheral myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells and higher levels of Foxp3 and Latency Associated Peptide on T regulatory cells. Moreover, exposure to H. pylori drove increased FcεRI expression and IL-10 secretion by both pediatric H. pylori-exposed monocyte derived dendritic cells and T cells. Finally, we show a positive correlation between expression of FcεRI in circulating myeloid DCs and total Treg cells, suggesting that in children, H. pylori infection may have a modulating role in atopy, mediated by both altered surface expression of FcεRI on children's DC and an increased T regulatory cell profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A León
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Palma
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroll Hernández
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Sandoval
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Colomba Cofre
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Perez-Mateluna
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arturo Borzutzky
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul R Harris
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina A Serrano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Capitani N, Codolo G, Vallese F, Minervini G, Grassi A, Cianchi F, Troilo A, Fischer W, Zanotti G, Baldari CT, de Bernard M, D'Elios MM. The lipoprotein HP1454 of Helicobacter pylori regulates T-cell response by shaping T-cell receptor signalling. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13006. [PMID: 30646431 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a Gram-negative bacterium that chronically infects the stomach of more than 50% of human population and represents a major cause of gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, gastric autoimmunity, and peptic ulcer. It still remains to be elucidated, which HP virulence factors are important in the development of gastric disorders. Here, we analysed the role of the HP protein HP1454 in the host-pathogen interaction. We found that a significant proportion of T cells isolated from HP patients with chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma proliferated in response to HP1454. Moreover, we demonstrated in vivo that HP1454 protein drives Th1/Th17 inflammatory responses. We further analysed the in vitro response of human T cells exposed either to an HP wild-type strain or to a strain with a deletion of the hp1454 gene, and we revealed that HP1454 triggers the T-cell antigen receptor-dependent signalling and lymphocyte proliferation, as well as the CXCL12-dependent cell adhesion and migration. Our study findings prove that HP1454 is a crucial bacterial factor that exerts its proinflammatory activity by directly modulating the T-cell response. The relevance of these results can be appreciated by considering that compelling evidence suggest that chronic gastric inflammation, a condition that paves the way to HP-associated diseases, is dependent on T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gaia Codolo
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Vallese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Grassi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Troilo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institutfür Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Mario M D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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18
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Bkhaitan MM, Alarjah M, Mirza AZ, Abdalla AN, El-Said HM, Faidah HS. Preparation and biological evaluation of metronidazole derivatives with monoterpenes and eugenol. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1954-1962. [PMID: 30022596 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Two series of metronidazole derivatives (ester derivatives and ether derivatives) were prepared reacting metronidazole and its acetic acid oxidized form with menthol, thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol. Both series of compounds were tested in vitro against two strains of Helicobacter pylori (the ATCC 26695 and P12), and one strain of Clostridium (Clostridium perfringens). Most of the prepared compounds showed biological activity against the targeted bacteria. Compound 11 was highly active against all tested bacterial strains, especially against P12 with IC50 0.0011 μM/ml. Compound 6 was highly active against C. perfringens with MIC 0.0094 nM/ml. Viability test was conducted for compound 11 to test its selectivity for normal human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC5), and it was found to be non-toxic with IC50 more than 50 μM/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi M Bkhaitan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alarjah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agha Zeeshan Mirza
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdi M El-Said
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani S Faidah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Wada Y, Takemura K, Tummala P, Uchida K, Kitagaki K, Furukawa A, Ishige Y, Ito T, Hara Y, Suzuki T, Mimuro H, Board PG, Eishi Y. Helicobacter pylori induces somatic mutations in TP53 via overexpression of CHAC1 in infected gastric epithelial cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:671-679. [PMID: 29632819 PMCID: PMC5881537 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is known to decrease the level of glutathione in gastric epithelial cells and increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to DNA damage and the development of gastric cancer. Cation transport regulator 1 (CHAC1) has γ‐glutamylcyclotransferase activity that degrades glutathione. We found that cagA‐positive H. pylori infection triggered CHAC1 overexpression in human gastric epithelial (AGS) cells leading to glutathione degradation and the accumulation of ROS. Nucleotide alterations in the TP53 tumour suppressor gene were induced in AGS cells overexpressing CHAC1, whereas no mutations were detected in cells overexpressing a catalytically inactive mutant of CHAC1. A high frequency of TP53 mutations occurred in H. pylori‐infected AGS cells, but this was prevented in cells transfected with CHAC1 siRNA. These findings indicate that H. pylori‐mediated CHAC1 overexpression degrades intracellular glutathione, allowing the accumulation of ROS which subsequently causes mutations that could contribute to the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Wada
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Kosuke Takemura
- Department of Urology Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital Japan
| | - Padmaja Tummala
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group of Molecular Genetics The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Keisuke Uchida
- Division of Surgical Pathology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital Japan
| | - Keisuke Kitagaki
- Division of Surgical Pathology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital Japan
| | - Asuka Furukawa
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Yuuki Ishige
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Yukichi Hara
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Takashige Suzuki
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
| | - Hitomi Mimuro
- Department of Infection Microbiology Division of Infectious Diseases Research Institute for Microbial Diseases University of Osaka Japan
| | - Philip G Board
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group of Molecular Genetics The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Yoshinobu Eishi
- Department of Human Pathology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Japan
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20
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Al-Maleki AR, Loke MF, Lui SY, Ramli NSK, Khosravi Y, Ng CG, Venkatraman G, Goh KL, Ho B, Vadivelu J. Helicobacter pylori outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) suppresses apoptosis of AGS gastric cells in vitro. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [PMID: 28776327 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) is an important virulence factor associated with gastric cancer and ulcer development; however, the results have not been well established and turned out to be controversial. This study aims to elucidate the role of OipA in Helicobacter pylori infection using clinical strains harbouring oipA "on" and "off" motifs. Proteomics analysis was performed on AGS cell pre-infection and postinfection with H. pylori oipA "on" and "off" strains, using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. AGS apoptosis and cell cycle assays were performed. Moreover, expression of vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) was screened using Western blotting. AGS proteins that have been suggested previously to play a role or associated with gastric disease were down-regulated postinfection with oipA "off" strains comparing to oipA "on" strains. Furthermore, oipA "off" and ΔoipA cause higher level of AGS cells apoptosis and G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest than oipA "on" strains. Interestingly, deletion of oipA increased bacterial VacA production. The capability of H. pylori to induce apoptosis and suppress expression of proteins having roles in human disease in the absence of oipA suggests that strains not expressing OipA may be less virulent or may even be protective against carcinogenesis compared those expressing OipA. This potentially explains the higher incidence of gastric cancer in East Asia where oipA "on" strains predominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Rageh Al-Maleki
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fai Loke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sook Yin Lui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Siti Khadijah Ramli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yalda Khosravi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chow Goon Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopinath Venkatraman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khean-Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bow Ho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Precision Medicine Centre Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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21
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Zahri S, Yazdanbod A, Safaralizadeh R. Helicobacter pylori genotypes determine risk of non-cardia gastric cancer and intestinal- or diffuse-type GC in Ardabil: A very high-risk area in Northwestern Iran. Microb Pathog 2017; 107:287-292. [PMID: 28390977 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Frequency of the Helicobacter pylori vacA gene polymorphism and its association with gastric cancer (GC) was assessed in Ardabil, a very high-risk area in Northwestern Iran. We determined the presence of the H. pylori 16S rDNA gene and the vacA s-, m-, i-, and d-region genotypes in DNA from fresh gastric biopsies. Patients with GC were classified based on both the anatomic site and the histopathologic type of tumor Of 135 patients, including 57 with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) and 78 with GC, 103 were infected by H. pylori. The vacA i1 and d1 genotypes were significantly linked to an increased risk of GC, where both cardia (CGC) and non-cardia GC (NCGC) patients were entered into the analysis. The adjusted OR was 9.59 for i1 and 4.39 for d1. Furthermore, i1 was significantly linked to an increased risk of the intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (OR = 14.04) and d1 to the risk of the diffuse-type adenocarcinoma (OR = 7.71). The presence of the m1-type of vacA in combination with i1 or d1 further increased the risk of GC. When the analysis was restricted to NCGC, the adjusted OR for i1 and d1, was 37.52 and 7.17, respectively. No significant association was found between genotypes and the risk of GC in the cardia site of the stomach. It is proposed that the new types of H. pylori vacA, i1 and d1, might be important determinants of NCGC risk in Ardabil. The m1, not independently, but in combination might further define the risk of GC. i1and d1 might also predict the risk of the intestinal- and diffuse-type adenocarcinomas, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran; Biosciences and Biotechnology Research Center (BBRC), Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, 56318-51167, Iran.
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, 56189-53141, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Solhi R, Alebouyeh M, Khafri A, Rezaeifard M, Aminian M. In vitro evaluation of cross-strain inhibitory effects of IgY polyclonal antibody against H. pylori. Microb Pathog 2017; 110:682-687. [PMID: 28351713 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro cross-strain inhibitory effects of IgY polyclonal antibody on both growth and urease enzyme of four local strains of H. pylori. Leghorn chickens were immunized with whole cells of four different strains of H. pylori, separately. Rising of specific IgY was detected by ELISA. The IgY purified using polyethylene glycol method and the purity was evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Each strain was treated with its own-specific and also other strain-specific IgYs. The strain-specific IgY could inhibit the growth of specific strains by 49-72% and also other different strains of H. pylori by 29-86%. Our findings revealed that strain-specific IgY could inhibit urease activity of its own by 64-72% and other different strains by 49-79%. These findings confirmed strain-specific and also cross-strain inhibitory effects of the IgY polyclonal antibody on both growth and urease activity of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Solhi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Alebouyeh
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Khafri
- Quality Control of Bacterial Vaccine Department, Quality Control Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Rezaeifard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Aminian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Tobias J, Lebens M, Wai SN, Holmgren J, Svennerholm AM. Surface expression of Helicobacter pylori HpaA adhesion antigen on Vibrio cholerae, enhanced by co-expressed enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbrial antigens. Microb Pathog 2017; 105:177-84. [PMID: 28215587 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection can cause peptic ulceration and is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to construct and characterize a non-virulent Vibrio cholerae O1 strain, which grows more rapidly than H. pylori, as vector for H. pylori antigens for possible use as a vaccine strain against H. pylori. This was done by recombinant expression of the H. pylori adhesion antigen HpaA alone or, as a proof of principle, together with different colonization factor (CF) antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) which may enhance immune responses against HpaA. A recombinant V. cholerae strain co-expressing HpaA and a fimbrial CF antigens CFA/I or CS5, but not the non-fimbrial CF protein CS6, was shown to express larger amounts of HpaA on the surface when compared with the same V. cholerae strain expressing HpaA alone. Mutations in the CFA/I operon showed that the chaperon, possibly together with the usher, was involved in enhancing the surface expression of HpaA. Oral immunization of mice with formaldehyde-inactivated recombinant V. cholerae expressing HpaA alone or together with CFA/I induced significantly higher serum antibody responses against HpaA than mice similarly immunized with inactivated HpaA-expressing H. pylori bacteria. Our results demonstrate that a non-virulent V. cholerae strain can be engineered to allow strong surface expression of HpaA, and that the expression can be further increased by co-expressing it with ETEC fimbrial antigens. Such recombinant V. cholerae strains expressing HpaA, and possibly also other H. pylori antigens, may have the potential as oral inactivated vaccine candidates against H. pylori.
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24
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Abstract
During the past year, many articles were published on the extragastric diseases related to Helicobacter pylori infection. This supports the theory that some microorganisms may cause diseases even far from the primary site of infection by interfering with different biologic processes. The role of H. pylori on idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, sideropenica anemia, and vitamin B12 deficiency is well known. On the other hand, there is a growing interest in the bacterium's association with cardiovascular, neurologic, hematologic, dermatologic, head and neck, and uro-gynecologic diseases, as well as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, with very promising results. This review has been aimed at summarizing the results of the most relevant studies published over the last year on this fascinating topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Goni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Internal Medicine Institute, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
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25
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Vázquez-Jiménez FE, Torres J, Flores-Luna L, Cerezo SG, Camorlinga-Ponce M. Patterns of Adherence of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates to Epithelial Cells, and its Association with Disease and with Virulence Factors. Helicobacter 2016; 21:60-8. [PMID: 25908566 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Adherence to the gastric epithelium is one of the most important steps of Helicobacter pylori to remain and cause disease. The aim of this study was to analyze whether H. pylori isolates from patients with different gastroduodenal diseases present differences in the pattern of adherence to gastric epithelial cells (AGS), in the ability to induce IL-8, and in the presence of virulence genes. METHODS We tested 75 H. pylori strains isolated from nonatrophic gastritis, gastric cancer, and duodenal ulcer patients. The adhesion pattern and IL-8 induction were determined in AGS cells, and invasion of AGS cells was studied using a gentamicin protection assay. The IL-8 levels induced were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori strains presented diffuse adherence (DA) and localized (LA) adherence patterns, similar to those described for enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), were observed in AGS cells. A DA pattern was observed in 57% and LA in 43% of the strains, and DA was more frequent in isolates from patients with gastric cancer (p = 0.044). Strains with a LA pattern induced higher levels of IL-8 (p = 0.042) in AGS cells. CONCLUSION The adherence pattern was not associated with neither invasiveness nor with the presence of virulence genes. Our study shows that H. pylori strains present adherence patterns to AGS cells resembling those observed in EPEC and that these patterns may be associated with disease and with activity on AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flor Elizabeth Vázquez-Jiménez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias UMAE, Hospital de Pediatria, IMSS., México, DF, Mexico
| | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias UMAE, Hospital de Pediatria, IMSS., México, DF, Mexico
| | | | - Silvia Giono Cerezo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias UMAE, Hospital de Pediatria, IMSS., México, DF, Mexico
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26
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Chang H, Kim N, Park JH, Nam RH, Choi YJ, Park SM, Choi YJ, Yoon H, Shin CM, Lee DH. Helicobacter pylori Might Induce TGF-β1-Mediated EMT by Means of cagE. Helicobacter 2015; 20:438-48. [PMID: 25735663 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which polarized epithelial cells have mesenchymal cell phenotypes, is thought to be a key process of invasion and metastasis of cancer. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) is known to be carcinogenic and Helicobacter pylori is a predominant carcinogen of gastric cancer. Our study aimed to determine whether TGF-β1 or H. pylori infection enhances EMT process and cytotoxin-associated gene E (CagE) is associated with EMT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human gastric cancer cell AGS and MKN45 were treated with recombinant TGF-β1 or H. pylori including cagE-negative (ΔcagE) mutant. Besides the assessment of EMT-related markers expression levels by means of RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assay, the induction of in vitro EMT on gastric cancer cells (AGS and MKN cell lines) was confirmed by wound-healing assay and invasion assay. RESULTS When gastric cancer cells were treated with TGF-β1 or various strains of cagE-positive H. pylori, EMT-related marker altered significantly. However, the ΔcagE mutant did not. Wound-healing assay and invasion assay showed enhanced migration ability of the cells treated with cagE-positive H. pylori but not in ΔcagE mutant. CONCLUSIONS EMT induction in gastric cancer cells by TGF-β1 was confirmed. Only infection with cagE-positive H. pylori upregulated the TGF-β1-mediated EMT pathway and consequently promotes EMT. Therefore, H. pylori might induce TGF-β1-mediated EMT associated with the cagE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Seon Mee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Ahmadzadeh A, Ghalehnoei H, Farzi N, Yadegar A, Alebouyeh M, Aghdaei HA, Molaei M, Zali MR, Pour Hossein Gholi MA. Association of CagPAI integrity with severeness of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 63:252-7. [PMID: 26530303 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) is involved in delivery of CagA effector protein and peptidoglycan into host cells and also in IL-8 induction in the human gastric tissue. Diversity of cagPAI may affect disease status and clinical outcome of the infected patients. Our study was aimed to investigate diversity of this island and its intactness in Iranian patients to investigate possible associations between cagPAI integrity and pathological changes of the infected tissue. MATERIAL/PATIENTS AND METHODS Out of the 75 patients, H. pylori strains were obtained from 30 patients with severe active gastritis (SAG) (n=11), moderate chronic gastritis (CG) (n=14) and intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia (IM) (n=5). Intactness of the cagPAI was determined using 12 sets of primer pairs specific for functionally important loci of cagPAI by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The cagPAI positive strains were significantly observed in patients with SAG (52.4%) in comparison to those presenting CG (33.3%) and IM (14.3%). In addition, the presence of intact cagPAI was 87.5% in H. pylori strains isolated from patients with SAG, which was higher than those obtained from patients with CG (12.5%) or IM (0%). A significant increase in the frequency of cagα-cagY and cagW-cagT segments, as exterior proteins of the CagPAI, was illustrated in strains from SAG patients compared with those from patients with CG. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results strongly proposed an association between the severity of histopathological changes and intactness of cagPAI in the gastric tissue of patients infected with H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahmadzadeh
- Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Ghalehnoei
- Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Farzi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Yadegar
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Alebouyeh
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - H A Aghdaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Molaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M R Zali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M A Pour Hossein Gholi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu J, He L, Haesebrouck F, Gong Y, Flahou B, Cao Q, Zhang J. Prevalence of Coinfection with Gastric Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) Species in Helicobacter pylori-infected Patients Suffering from Gastric Disease in Beijing, China. Helicobacter 2015; 20:284-90. [PMID: 25510739 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato (H. heilmannii s.l.) group consists of long, spiral-shaped bacteria naturally colonizing the stomach of animals. Moreover, bacteria belonging to this group have been observed in 0.2-6% of human gastric biopsy specimens, and associations have been made with the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric MALT lymphoma in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS To gain insight into the prevalence of H. heilmannii s.l. infections in patients suffering from gastric disease in China, H. heilmannii s.l. species-specific PCRs were performed on DNA extracts from rapid urease test (RUT)-positive gastric biopsies from 1517 patients followed by nucleotide sequencing. At the same time, Helicobacter pylori cultivation and specific PCR was performed to assess H. pylori infection in these patients. RESULTS In total, H. heilmannii s.l. infection was detected in 11.87% (178/1499) of H. pylori-positive patients. The prevalence of H. suis, H. felis, H. bizzozeronii, H. heilmannii sensu stricto (s.s.), and H. salomonis in the patients was 6.94%, 2.20%, 0.13%, 0.07%, and 2.54%, respectively. Results revealed that all patients with H. heilmannii s.l. infection were co-infected with H. pylori, and some patients were co-infected with more than two different Helicobacter species. CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter heilmannii s.l. infections are fairly common in Chinese patients. This should be kept in mind when diagnosing the cause of gastric pathologies in patients. Helicobacter suis was shown to be by far the most prevalent H. heilmannii s.l.species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua He
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology & Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanan Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bram Flahou
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology & Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qizhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of chronic bacterial infection in humans, directly related to peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. It has been suggested that H. pylori can be acquired through different transmission routes, including water. In this study, culture and qPCR were used to detect and identify the presence of H. pylori in drinking water. Furthermore, the combined techniques PMA-qPCR and DVC-FISH were applied for detection of viable cells of H. pylori. RESULTS Among 24 drinking water samples, 16 samples were positive for the presence of H. pylori, but viable cells were only detected in six samples. Characteristic colonies, covered by a mass of bacterial unspecific growth, were observed on selective agar plates from an only sample, after enrichment. The mixed culture was submitted to DVC-FISH and qPCR analysis, followed by sequencing of the amplicons. Molecular techniques confirmed the growth of H. pylori on the agar plate. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate for the first time that H. pylori can survive and be potentially infective in drinking water, showing that water distribution systems could be a potential route for H. pylori transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Santiago
- Biotechnology Department, Polytechnic University of Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Moreno
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Ingeneering (IIAMA), Polytechnic University of Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Antonía Ferrús
- Biotechnology Department, Polytechnic University of Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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Narayana JL, Huang HN, Wu CJ, Chen JY. Epinecidin-1 antimicrobial activity: In vitro membrane lysis and In vivo efficacy against Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. Biomaterials. 2015;61:41-51. [PMID: 25996410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is highly prevalent, and has a strong association with various gastric diseases, including gastritis, digestive ulcers, and cancer. H. pylori strains with resistance to existing antibiotics have emerged in the past two decades. Currently, treatment of H. pylori infection (involving the use of proton pump inhibitors, followed by triple therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics) is suboptimal, with high failure rates. As such, there is a clear need for new approaches against H. pylori. Here, we report that Epinecidin-1 (Epi-1) shows effective bactericidal activity against H. Pylori in vitro, and modulates H. Pylori-induced host immune responses in a mouse model. Epi-1 exhibited a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against antibiotic-sensitive and clinical antibiotic-resistant strains. Moreover, Epi-1 treatment caused 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN)-fluorescent probe uptake, suggesting it induced membrane lysis; transmission electron micrographs revealed that membranes were destabilized by the generation of saddle-splay membrane curvature. Oral administration of Epi-1 (quaque die dose) in a mouse infection model had strong efficacy (p < 0.00152) against H. pylori, as compared with conventional proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-triple therapeutic antibiotics. Epi-1 inhibited infection through in vivo depletion of CD4+-FOXP3+ T Regulatory and Th17 subset populations, and aided in clearance of persistent H. pylori colonization. Flow cytometry and gene expression analysis of mouse splenic and gastric tissue indicated that Epi-1 inhibits IL-10, and thereby affects FOXP3 expression levels and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. Crucially, high doses of Epi-1 did not exert toxic effects in oral, dermal, and eye irritation models. Collectively, our results suggest that Epi-1 may be a promising, effective, and safe monotherapeutic agent for the treatment of multi-drug resistant H. pylori infection.
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31
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Ichikawa H, Sugimoto M, Uotani T, Sahara S, Yamade M, Iwaizumi M, Yamada T, Osawa S, Sugimoto K, Miyajima H, Yamaoka Y, Furuta T. Influence of prostate stem cell antigen gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases: a case-control study. Helicobacter 2015; 20:106-13. [PMID: 25582162 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with duodenal ulcer have a reduced risk of developing gastric cancer compared to those without. Recently, the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) rs2294008 C>T polymorphism was found to be associated with different pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer developments. However, whether PSCA rs2294008 C>T polymorphism is associated with severity of gastric mucosal atrophy is unclear. We examined the influence of the PSCA rs2294008 C>T polymorphism on susceptibility to H. pylori-related diseases and the relationships between PSCA polymorphism and gastric mucosal atrophy. METHODS PSCA rs2294008 C>T polymorphism was assessed in H. pylori-positive Japanese patients (n = 488) with noncardia gastric cancer (n = 193), gastric ulcer (n = 84), duodenal ulcer (n = 61), and atrophic gastritis (n = 150), as well as in H. pylori-negatives (n = 266). RESULTS Frequency of PSCA rs2294008 C/C genotype in duodenal ulcer was 36.1%, which was significantly higher than those with gastric cancer (12.4%), gastric ulcer (19.0%), gastritis (10.7%), and H. pylori-negatives (19.5%) (p < .001). Compared with duodenal ulcer, having the T allele significantly increased the risk of gastric cancer (OR: 3.97, 95% CI: 2.02-7.80; p < .001), gastric ulcer (2.40, 1.13-5.10; p = .023), and gastritis (4.72, 2.26-9.86; p < .001). Mean pepsinogen (PG) I/PG II ratio in T allele carriers (2.17 ± 0.75) was significantly lower than that in C/C genotype (3.39 ± 1.27, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The PSCA rs2294008 C>T polymorphism is associated with differing susceptibilities to H. pylori-associated diseases. The PSCA rs2294008 C>T polymorphism may be acting through induction of gastric mucosal atrophy, finally leading to development of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer in PSCA rs2294008 T allele carriers, but not duodenal ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Ichikawa
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Wang B, Wang YH, Lv ZF, Xiong HF, Wang H, Yang Y, Xie Y. Review: efficacy and safety of hybrid therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2015; 20:79-88. [PMID: 25381839 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of hybrid therapy compared to other pre-existing therapies and to new therapies. METHODS Through a search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index, two independent reviewers systemically identified randomized, controlled trials that compared hybrid therapy to other pre-existing and new therapies. Dichotomous data were pooled to obtain the relative risk (RR) of the eradication rate, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We identified 6 studies, 5 of which compared hybrid therapy and sequential therapy, and 3 of which compared hybrid therapy and concomitant therapy. Pooled estimates of the 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed no significant differences between hybrid therapy and sequential therapy and no evidence of heterogeneity (I(2) = 0%; p = .803), the pooled RRs were 1.02 (95% CI: 0.93-1.12) (intention-to-treat (ITT)), and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.94-1.13) (per protocol (PP)). Pooled estimates of the 3 RCTs showed no significant differences between hybrid therapy and concomitant therapy with no evidence of heterogeneity (I(2) = 0%; p = .967), the pooled RRs were 0.99 (95% CI: 0.89-1.10) (ITT) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.89-1.10) (PP). No significant differences in adverse events were noted among hybrid therapy, sequential therapy, and concomitant therapy ((RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.87-1.48; I(2) = 13.2%; p = .327), (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.73-1.08; I(2) = 0%; p = .978) (ITT), respectively). After consideration of all treatment arms, the ITT eradication rates with hybrid therapy, concomitant therapy, and sequential therapy were 88.6, 86.3, and 84.7%, respectively. And the PP eradication rates were 92.1, 92.5, and 87.5%. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of compliance. CONCLUSIONS All three of these therapies yielded good eradication rates. Hybrid therapy could be an alternative to sequential therapy and concomitant therapy, but additional RCTs are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper is to estimate the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the New Zealand population by ethnicity and year of birth. METHODS A systematic search identified seven studies in New Zealand that reported prevalence of H. pylori infection among 4463 participants. Prevalence data were pooled to estimate the Māori, Pacific, and European seroprevalence of H. pylori in four birth cohorts (1926-40, 1941-55, 1956-70, and 1971-85), by assuming that infection is acquired in childhood and seroprevalence is stable with aging. The best estimates of national seroprevalence were obtained by geographic regional weighting and corrections for selection and measurement bias. RESULTS Infection rates among all ethnic groups declined in more recent birth cohorts. Prevalence was highest among Pacific peoples (ranging from 39-83%) followed by Māori (18-57%) and then European (7-35%). The absolute ethnic differences in seroprevalence decreased in subsequent cohorts, but the relative ethnic differences increased. CONCLUSIONS There is scope to much further reduce Māori and especially Pacific people's risk of H. pylori infection. Solutions to reduce H. pylori prevalence and its sequelae should focus on people at greatest risk of the infection. Further evaluation of strategies to address H. pylori infection is warranted. Interventions to be evaluated could include household crowding reduction and eradication therapy for asymptomatic infected persons to reduce their risk of noncardia stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M McDonald
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
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Eun CS, Kim BK, Han DS, Kim SY, Kim KM, Choi BY, Song KS, Kim YS, Kim JF. Differences in gastric mucosal microbiota profiling in patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer using pyrosequencing methods. Helicobacter 2014; 19:407-16. [PMID: 25052961 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays an important role in the early stage of cancer development. However, various bacteria that promote the synthesis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may be involved in the later stages. We aimed to determine the microbial composition of gastric mucosa from the patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer using 454 GS FLX Titanium. METHODS Gastric mucosal biopsy samples were collected from 31 patients during endoscopy. After the extraction of genomic DNA, variable region V5 of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. PCR products were sequenced using 454 high-throughput sequencer. The composition, diversity, and richness of microbial communities were compared between three groups. RESULTS The composition of H. pylori-containing Epsilonproteobacteria class appeared to be the most prevalent, but the relative increase in the Bacilli class in the gastric cancer group was noticed, resulting in a significant difference compared with the chronic gastritis group. By analyzing the Helicobacter-dominant group at a family level, the relative abundance of Helicobacteraceae family was significantly lower in the gastric cancer group compared with chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia groups, while the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae family significantly increased. In a UPGMA clustering of Helicobacter-dominant group based on UniFrac distance, the chronic gastritis group and gastric cancer group were clearly separated, while the intestinal metaplasia group was distributed in between the two groups. The evenness and diversity of gastric microbiota in the gastric cancer group was increased compared with other groups. CONCLUSIONS In Helicobacter predominant patients, the microbial compositions of gastric mucosa from gastric cancer patients are significantly different to chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia patients. These alterations of gastric microbial composition may play an important, as-yet-undetermined role in gastric carcinogenesis of Helicobacter predominant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. Its prevalence in Omani adults and children is not known. OBJECTIVE To report histology-based H. pylori infection prevalence in Omani children. METHODS A retrospective study of biopsy proven H. pylori infection in children over a 3 year period in a single center. Age, gender, indication for endoscopy, history of recurrent abdominal pain, and anemia were compared between H. pylori-positive and negative children. RESULTS Of 143 patients who underwent endoscopy, gastric biopsies were available on 112. The overall prevalence of biopsy proven H. pylori infection was 25%. The prevalence in children with recurrent abdominal pain was 30% compared to 22% in children who underwent endoscopy for other indications (p = .382). The prevalence increased from 7% in children aged <5 years, to 33% in those aged between 5 and 10 years (p = .010). There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the 5-10 years age group (33%) and older age group (29%) (p = .814). There was no significant difference in gender or anemia between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first reported study on the prevalence of biopsy proven H. pylori infection in Omani children. H. pylori infection prevalence is 25%, is lower than regional and many Arab countries. The prevalence appears to increase till age of 5 years. There was no significant association between H. pylori and recurrent abdominal pain, gender, or anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Al-Sinani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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Park JM, Park SH, Hong KS, Han YM, Jang SH, Kim EH, Hahm KB. Special licorice extracts containing lowered glycyrrhizin and enhanced licochalcone A prevented Helicobacter pylori-initiated, salt diet-promoted gastric tumorigenesis. Helicobacter 2014; 19:221-36. [PMID: 24646026 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In spite of cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory actions, conventional licorice extracts (c-lico) were limitedly used due to serious side effects of glycyrrhizin. As our group had successfully isolated special licorice extracts (s-lico) lowering troublesome glycyrrhizin, but increasing licochalcone A, we have compared anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and cytoprotective actions of s-lico and c-lico against either in vitro or in vivo Helicobacter pylori infection. METHODS RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to check anti-inflammatory action and electron spin resonance (ESR) and DCFDA spectroscopy to check antioxidative action. s-lico or c-lico was pretreated 1 hours before H. pylori infection on AGS cells. Interleukin-10 deficient mice inoculated H. pylori and followed with high salt containing pallet diets to produce H. pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric tumors, during which s-lico or c-lico-containing pellet diets were administered up to 24 weeks. RESULTS s-lico had fabulous efficacy on scavenging ROS which was further confirmed by DCFDA study and ESR measurement. The expressions of COX-2, iNOS, VEGF, and IL-8 were increased after H. pylori infection, of which levels were significantly decreased with s-lico in a dose-dependent manner. s-lico significantly ameliorated hypoxia-induced or H. pylori-induced angiogenic activities. s-lico significantly ameliorated H. pylori-induced gastric damages as well as gastritis. Our animal model showed significant development of gastric tumors including adenoma and dysplasia relevant to H. pylori infection, and s-lico administration significantly attenuated incidence of H. pylori-induced gastric tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Special licorice extracts can be anticipating substance afforded significant attenuation of either H. pylori-induced gastritis or tumorigenesis based on potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimutagenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, 135-081, Korea
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Ueda J, Gosho M, Inui Y, Matsuda T, Sakakibara M, Mabe K, Nakajima S, Shimoyama T, Yasuda M, Kawai T, Murakami K, Kamada T, Mizuno M, Kikuchi S, Lin Y, Kato M. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection by birth year and geographic area in Japan. Helicobacter 2014; 19:105-10. [PMID: 24506211 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related diseases are responsible for a tremendous amount of morbidity and mortality in Japan. We estimated the prevalence of H. pylori infection by sex, birth year, and geographic area among Japanese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 14,716 subjects aged 20 years or more who underwent a health checkup between May 1997 and March 2013 in seven geographic areas throughout Japan. Relevant information on the demographics and status of H. pylori infection was retrieved from the electronic database. The univariate log-binominal regression model was used to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection, taking birth year into consideration. The multivariate log-binominal regression model was used to compare the prevalence of H. pylori infection between seven geographic areas. RESULTS The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 37.6% in women and 43.2% in men. Among seven geographic areas, Hokkaido showed the lowest prevalence (29.4%), while Yamagata Prefecture represented the highest (54.5%). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was highest in the 1940-1949 birth cohort and then decreased in the ensuing birth cohorts; the risk ratio (RR) was 0.85 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-0.87) for changes in the 10-year birth cohort. Individuals in Yamagata Prefecture had the highest RR of acquiring H. pylori infection in all three birth cohorts (RR = 1.53 for 1940, RR = 1.69 for 1950, and RR = 1.85 for 1960) when compared with those in Hokkaido. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of H. pylori infection increases with age and exhibits geographic variation in Japan. There has been a striking decrease in the prevalence of H. pylori infection, especially in younger Japanese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ueda
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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Guo L, Chen W, Zhu H, Chen Y, Wan X, Yang N, Xu S, Yu C, Chen L. Helicobacter pylori induces increased expression of the vitamin d receptor in immune responses. Helicobacter 2014; 19:37-47. [PMID: 24188043 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors that play a critical role in innate immunity. This study examined the role of VDR in gastric innate immune defence against the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen H. pylori-infected patients and sixteen controls participated in the study. The GES-1 cells were transfected with siRNA or incubated with or without 1α,25(OH)2 D3 (100 nmol/L) then infected with H. pylori. VDR, cathelicidin antimicrobial protein (CAMP), and cytokine mRNA expression levels in normal and H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa and GES-1 cells was determined by qRT-PCR and correlated with the histopathologic degree of gastritis. Bactericidal activity was measured by using a colony-forming unit assay. RESULTS Vitamin D receptor mRNA expression levels were significantly upregulated in H. pylori-infected patients and positively correlated with chronic inflammation scores. There was a significant positive correlation between VDR and CAMP mRNA expression in H. pylori-positive gastric mucosa. VDR siRNA reduced H. pylori-induced CAMP production and conversely increased IL-6 and IL8/CXCL8 expression levels. The vitamin D agonist 1α,25(OH)2 D3 increased CAMP expression and reduced cytokine activation in GES-1 cells infected with H. pylori. 1α,25(OH)2 D3 could enhance the intracellular killing of the replicating bacteria, but the presence of siVDR and siCAMP led to a decline in its bactericidal ability. CONCLUSIONS The expression of VDR and CAMP in the gastric epithelium is up-regulated in the case of H. pylori infection; thus, VDR plays an important role in gastric mucosa homeostasis and host protection from H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
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Lagunes-Servin H, Torres J, Maldonado-Bernal C, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Huerta-Yépez S, Madrazo de la Garza A, Muñoz-Pérez L, Flores-Luna L, Ramón-García G, Camorlinga-Ponce M. Toll-like receptors and cytokines are upregulated during Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Helicobacter 2013; 18:423-32. [PMID: 23869400 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired during childhood, and establishes a chronic infection that may lead to peptic ulcer or gastric cancer during adulthood. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed by distinct cell types throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and play an important role in regulation of the innate immune response. Few works have addressed TLRs expression in gastric epithelia of adults, and scarce studies have done it in children. The aim of this work was to analyze the expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR9, and IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α in the gastric mucosa of children with and without H. pylori infection. METHODS Gastric biopsies were collected by endoscopy from 50 children with recurrent abdominal pain, 25 with H. pylori infection and 25 without infection. In the gastric biopsies the expression of TLRs and cytokines was studied by immunohistochemistry, and the degree of mucosal inflammation was determined using the Sydney system. RESULTS We found that H. pylori infection was associated with a significant increased expression of TLRs 2, 4, 5 and 9, although expression varied between surface epithelia and glands. Epithelial cells expressing IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α were increased in gastric mucosa of children with H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION This study shows the gastric epithelia of children respond to H. pylori infection by increasing the expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR9 and the cytokines IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lagunes-Servin
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, México
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori, a neutralophile, colonizes the acidic environment of the human stomach by employing acid acclimation mechanisms that regulate periplasmic and cytoplasmic pH. The regulation of urease activity is central to acid acclimation. Inactive urease apoenzyme, UreA/B, requires nickel for activation. Accessory proteins UreE, F, G, and H are required for nickel insertion into apoenzyme. The ExbB/ExbD/TonB complex transfers energy from the inner to outer membrane, providing the driving force for nickel uptake. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the contribution of ExbD to pH homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nonpolar exbD knockout was constructed and survival, growth, urease activity, and membrane potential were determined in comparison with wildtype. RESULTS Survival of the ΔexbD strain was significantly reduced at pH 3.0. Urease activity as a function of pH and UreI activation was similar to the wildtype strain, showing normal function of the proton-gated urea channel, UreI. The increase in total urease activity over time in acid seen in the wildtype strain was abolished in the ΔexbD strain, but recovered in the presence of supraphysiologic nickel concentrations, demonstrating that the effect of the ΔexbD mutant is due to loss of a necessary constant supply of nickel. In acid, ΔexbD also decreased its ability to maintain membrane potential and periplasmic buffering in the presence of urea. CONCLUSIONS ExbD is essential for maintenance of periplasmic buffering and membrane potential by transferring energy required for nickel uptake, making it a potential nonantibiotic target for H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Marcus
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,VA GLAHS, Los Angeles, CA
| | - George Sachs
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,VA GLAHS, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David R. Scott
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,VA GLAHS, Los Angeles, CA,Corresponding author: VA GLAHS, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, Phone: 310-478-3711 x42046, Fax: 310-312-9478,
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Calvino-Fernández M, García-Fresnadillo D, Benito-Martínez S, McNicholl AG, Calvet X, Gisbert JP, Parra-Cid T. Helicobacter pylori inactivation and virulence gene damage using a supported sensitiser for photodynamic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 68:284-90. [PMID: 23988411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
About half of the world's population is currently infected with Helicobacter pylori, which is involved in the development of several gastro-duodenal pathologies. The increasing number of antibiotic resistance reduces the effectiveness of the first-line therapy, so new strategies to improve the H. pylori eradication rates are needed. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (APDT) benefits from photogenerated reactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, which inactivate microorganisms by means of photosensitising dyes and visible light. Therefore, it could be a suitable alternative for H. pylori eradication in the gastro-duodenal tract, particularly in patients infected with antibiotic resistant strains. We evaluated APDT against H. pylori, in vitro, using a new photosensitising material (PSM) based on a ruthenium(II) complex covalently bound to micrometric glass beads. Five H. pylori isolates (classified according to cagA genotype, and metronidazole-clarithromycin resistance) were used. Bacteria were mixed with the PSM and incubated in the dark or illuminated by blue light. Aliquots (min 1', 2', 5', 15' and 30') were cultured and colonies were counted after 2-3 days. A 99.99999% decrease was detected in the number of colonies in the irradiated wells where the bacterium was mixed with the PSM, compared to non-illuminated wells or with irradiated wells without PSM. It was also confirmed that DNA is a molecular target for oxidant species released during APDT (evaluated by alkaline gel electrophoresis after endonuclease III incubation, ureC and cagA RT-PCR, and bacterial fingerprint). Results were independent of cagA gene and antibiotic resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Calvino-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, C/ Donante de Sangre s/n, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain.
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