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Ling Y, Liu J, Qian J, Meng C, Guo J, Gao W, Xiong B, Ling C, Zhang Y. Recent Advances in Multi-target Drugs Targeting Protein Kinases and Histone Deacetylases in Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:7264-7288. [PMID: 31894740 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200102115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs) and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACIs) are two important classes of anticancer agents and have provided a variety of small molecule drugs for the treatment of various types of human cancers. However, malignant tumors are of a multifactorial nature that can hardly be "cured" by targeting a single target, and treatment of cancers hence requires modulation of multiple biological targets to restore the physiological balance and generate sufficient therapeutic efficacy. Multi-target drugs have attracted great interest because of their advantages in the treatment of complex cancers by simultaneously targeting multiple signaling pathways and possibly leading to synergistic effects. Synergistic effects have been observed in the combination of kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, dasatinib, or sorafenib, with an array of HDACIs including vorinostat, romidepsin, or panobinostat. A considerable number of multi-target agents based on PKIs and HDACIs have been developed. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on the development of multi-target kinase-HDAC inhibitors and provide our view on the challenges and future directions on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Weijie Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Biao Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Changchun Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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2
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Jain S, Jain PK, Sain S, Kishore D, Dwivedi J. Anticancer s-Triazine Derivatives: A Synthetic Attribute. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x17666200131111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1, 3, 5-Triazine (s-Triazine) is a versatile nucleus to design and develop potent bioactive
molecules for drug discovery, particularly in cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to present the
most recent trends in the field of synthetic strategies made for functionalized triazine derivatives active
against cell proliferation. This review article covers the synthesis of aryl methylamino, morpholino,
triamino substituted triazines, antimitotic agents coupled triazines and many more. Many 1,3,5-
triazine derivatives, both hetero-fused and uncondensed, have shown remarkable antitumor activities.
We have highlighted various derivatives with 1, 3, 5-triazine core targeting different kinases with an
aim to help researchers for developing new 1, 3, 5-triazine derived compounds for antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, India
| | - Shalu Sain
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, India
| | - Dharma Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali-304022, India
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3
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Xiong B, Chen S, Zhu P, Huang M, Gao W, Zhu R, Qian J, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Dai H, Ling Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiazolyl Substituted Bis-pyrazole Oxime Derivatives with Potent Antitumor Activities by Selectively Inducing Apoptosis and ROS in Cancer Cells. Med Chem 2019; 15:743-754. [PMID: 30147012 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180827112724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of pyrazole derivatives have different biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antiepileptic activity. Among them, pyrazole oximes have attracted much attention due to their potential pharmacological activities, particularly anticancer activities. OBJECTIVE Our goal is to synthesize novel thiazolyl substituted bis-pyrazole oxime derivatives with potent antitumor activities by selectively inducing apoptosis and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation in cancer cells. METHODS Eighteen bis-pyrazole oximes were synthesized by conjugating thiazolyl substituted pyrazoles with pyrazoxime. The target compounds were characterized by 1HNMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS, and screened for their antiproliferative activity against four cancer cells in MTT assay. The most potent compound was examined for its inhibitory effect and ROS accumulation in both cancer cells HCT116 and normal intestinal epithelial cells CCD841. Finally, the most potent compound was further evaluated for its apoptotic induction by flow cytometry analysis and immunoblot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins and DNA damage proteins. RESULTS Most compounds displayed potent antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines in vitro, displaying potencies superior to 5-FU. In particular, the most potent compound 13l selectively inhibited proliferation of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells but not normal colon CCD841 cells. Furthermore, compound 13l also selectively promoted intracellular ROS accumulation in HCT116 which was involved in 13l inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of cell apoptosis. Finally, compound 13l also dose-dependently induced cancer cell apoptosis by regulating apoptotic and DNA damage related proteins expressions. CONCLUSION Our synthetic bis-pyrazole oxime derivatives possess potent antitumor activities by selectively inducing apoptosis and ROS accumulation in cancer cells, which may hold great promise as therapeutic agents for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Weijie Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanfu Peng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hong Dai
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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4
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Fang XX, Wang PF, Yi W, Chen W, Lou SC, Liu GQ. Visible-Light-Mediated Oxidative Coupling of Vinylarenes with Bromocarboxylates Leading to γ-Ketoesters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15677-15684. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xiao Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Chun Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gong-Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Synthesis and PI3 Kinase Inhibition Activity of Some Novel Trisubstituted Morpholinopyrimidines. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071675. [PMID: 29996482 PMCID: PMC6100461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of new substituted morpholinopyrimidines were prepared utilizing sequential nucleophilic aromatic substitution and cross-coupling reactions. One of the disubstituted pyrimidines was converted into two trisubstituted compounds which were screened as PI3K inhibitors relative to the well-characterized PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474, and were found to be 1.5⁻3-times more potent. A leucine linker was attached to the most active inhibitor since it would remain on any peptide-containing prodrug after cleavage by prostate-specific antigen, and it did not prevent inhibition of AKT phosphorylation and hence the inhibition of PI3K by the modified inhibitor.
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Synthesis and PI 3-Kinase Inhibition Activity of Some Novel 2,4,6-Trisubstituted 1,3,5-Triazines. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071628. [PMID: 29973512 PMCID: PMC6100378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of new trisubstituted triazine phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors were prepared via a three-step procedure utilizing sequential nucleophilic aromatic substitution and cross-coupling reactions. All were screened as PI3K inhibitors relative to the well-characterized PI3K inhibitor, ZSTK474. The most active inhibitors prepared here were 2–4 times more potent than ZSTK474. A leucine linker was attached to the most active inhibitor since it would remain on any peptide-containing prodrug after cleavage by a prostate-specific antigen, and it did not prevent inhibition of protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, and hence, the inhibition of PI3K by the modified inhibitor.
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7
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Liu X, Zhu G, Li L, Liu Y, Wang F, Song X, Mao Y. New and Practical Synthesis of Gedatolisib. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lingai Li
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yaowei Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- Key
Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, 99 South Longkun Road, Haina 571158, China
| | - Yongjun Mao
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
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8
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Dai H, Ge S, Guo J, Chen S, Huang M, Yang J, Sun S, Ling Y, Shi Y. Development of novel bis-pyrazole derivatives as antitumor agents with potent apoptosis induction effects and DNA damage. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:1066-1076. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Beaufils F, Cmiljanovic N, Cmiljanovic V, Bohnacker T, Melone A, Marone R, Jackson E, Zhang X, Sele A, Borsari C, Mestan J, Hebeisen P, Hillmann P, Giese B, Zvelebil M, Fabbro D, Williams RL, Rageot D, Wymann MP. 5-(4,6-Dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine (PQR309), a Potent, Brain-Penetrant, Orally Bioavailable, Pan-Class I PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor as Clinical Candidate in Oncology. J Med Chem 2017; 60:7524-7538. [PMID: 28829592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is deregulated in a wide variety of human tumors and triggers activation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Here we describe the preclinical characterization of compound 1 (PQR309, bimiralisib), a potent 4,6-dimorpholino-1,3,5-triazine-based pan-class I PI3K inhibitor, which targets mTOR kinase in a balanced fashion at higher concentrations. No off-target interactions were detected for 1 in a wide panel of protein kinase, enzyme, and receptor ligand assays. Moreover, 1 did not bind tubulin, which was observed for the structurally related 4 (BKM120, buparlisib). Compound 1 is orally available, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and displayed favorable pharmacokinetic parameters in mice, rats, and dogs. Compound 1 demonstrated efficiency in inhibiting proliferation in tumor cell lines and a rat xenograft model. This, together with the compound's safety profile, identifies 1 as a clinical candidate with a broad application range in oncology, including treatment of brain tumors or CNS metastasis. Compound 1 is currently in phase II clinical trials for advanced solid tumors and refractory lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Beaufils
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Natasa Cmiljanovic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Cmiljanovic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bohnacker
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Melone
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romina Marone
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eileen Jackson
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xuxiao Zhang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K
| | - Alexander Sele
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Borsari
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Mestan
- PIQUR Therapeutics AG , Hochbergerstrasse 60C, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Hebeisen
- PIQUR Therapeutics AG , Hochbergerstrasse 60C, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Petra Hillmann
- PIQUR Therapeutics AG , Hochbergerstrasse 60C, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Giese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marketa Zvelebil
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Doriano Fabbro
- PIQUR Therapeutics AG , Hochbergerstrasse 60C, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger L Williams
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K
| | - Denise Rageot
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P Wymann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 28, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Ling Y, Feng J, Luo L, Guo J, Peng Y, Wang T, Ge X, Xu Q, Wang X, Dai H, Zhang Y. Design and Synthesis of C3-Substituted β-Carboline-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Potent Antitumor Activities. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:646-651. [PMID: 28425177 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of hydroxamic acid histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in which the β-carboline motif has been incorporated were designed and synthesized. The effect of substitution at the C3 amide on HDAC inhibition and antiproliferative activities was investigated. Most of these compounds were found to display significant HDAC inhibitory effects and good antiproliferative activity, with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range. In particular, the HDAC inhibition IC50 value of N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N-(4-(hydroxylcarbamoyl)benzyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (9 h) is five-fold lower than that of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, vorinostat). Furthermore, 9 h was found to increase the acetylation of histone H3 and α-tubulin, and to induce DNA damage as evidenced by hypochromism and enhanced phosphorylation of histone H2AX. Compound 9 h inhibits Stat3, Akt, and ERK signaling, important cell-growth-promoting pathways that are aberrantly activated in most cancers. Finally, 9 h showed reasonable solubility and permeability in Caco-2 cells. Our findings suggest that these novel β-carboline-based HDAC inhibitors may hold great promise as therapeutic agents for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yanfu Peng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ge
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qibing Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong Dai
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
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11
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Liu J, Wang T, Wang X, Luo L, Guo J, Peng Y, Xu Q, Miao J, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Development of novel β-carboline-based hydroxamate derivatives as HDAC inhibitors with DNA damage and apoptosis inducing abilities. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1213-1219. [PMID: 30108831 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00681g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel β-carboline-based hydroxamate derivatives (8a-n) as HDAC inhibitors have been designed and synthesized. Most of these compounds displayed potent histone deacetylase inhibitory effects and good antiproliferative activity with IC50s in the low micromolar range. One of the most potent compounds (8k) showed the strongest inhibition of the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro, with IC50 values lower than that of the currently approved HDAC inhibitor SAHA. Compound 8k also increased acetylation of histone H3 and α-tubulin, consistent with its potent HDAC inhibition. Importantly, 8k induced hypochromism by electrostatic interactions with CT-DNA, suggesting potential induction of DNA damage. Finally, 8k significantly induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by regulating apoptotic relative proteins expression. Together, our findings suggest that these novel β-carboline-based hydroxamate derivatives may provide a new framework for the discovery of novel antitumor agents for the intervention of human carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Xinyang Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ; .,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P.R. China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Yanfu Peng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Qibing Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Jiefei Miao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ; .,Tumor-chemotherapy Department , Affiliated Hospital , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ;
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P.R. China . ; .,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P.R. China
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12
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrids of β-carboline and salicylic acid as potential anticancer and apoptosis inducing agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36238. [PMID: 27824091 PMCID: PMC5099944 DOI: 10.1038/srep36238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of hybrids (7a-l, 8a-l) from β-carboline and salicylic acid (SA) were designed and synthesized, and their in vitro biological activities were evaluated. Most of the hybrids displayed potent antiproliferative activity against five cancer cell lines in vitro, showing potencies superior to 5-FU and harmine. In particular, compound 8h selectively inhibited proliferation of liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells but not normal liver LO2 cells, and displayed greater inhibitory selectivity than intermediate 5h and SA. 8h also induced cancer cell apoptosis in an Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide flow cytometry assay, and triggered the mitochondrial/caspase apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential which was associated with up-regulation of Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2 and activation levels of the caspase cascade in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that the β-carboline/SA hybrids may hold greater promise as therapeutic agents for the intervention of human cancers.
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13
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Manal M, Chandrasekar M, Gomathi Priya J, Nanjan M. Inhibitors of histone deacetylase as antitumor agents: A critical review. Bioorg Chem 2016; 67:18-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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