Novel (E)-1-aryl-2-(3,5-dimethyl-4-(aryldiazenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanones: solvent-free synthesis and antimicrobial, antioxidant and UV-mediated DNA damage protective activity studies

Methyl linked pyrazoles: Synthetic and Medicinal Perspective

Pyrazoles, an important and well known class of the azole family, have been found to show a large number of applications in various fields specially of medicinal chemistry. Among pyrazole derivatives, particularly, methyl substituted pyrazoles have been reported as the potent medicinal scaffolds that exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities. The present review is an attempt to highlight the detailed synthetic approaches for methyl substituted pyrazoles along with in depth analysis of their respective medical significances till March2021. It is hoped that literature sum-up in the form of present review article would certainly be a great tool to assist the medicinal chemists for generating new leads possessing pyrazole nucleus with high efficacy and less microbial resistance.

Design, synthesis, DFT, docking studies and ADME prediction of some new coumarinyl linked pyrazolylthiazoles: Potential standalone or adjuvant antimicrobial agents

The control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) seems to have come to a dead end. The major consequences of the use and abuse of antibacterial drugs are the development of resistant strains due to genetic mutability of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms. We, herein, report the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of coumarin-thiazole-pyrazole (CTP) molecular hybrids with an effort to explore and overcome the increasing antimicrobial resistance. The compounds were characterized by analyzing their IR, Mass, 1H and13C NMR spectral data and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated against various pathogenic strains; the results obtained were further explained with the help of DFT and molecular orbital calculations. Compound 1b and 1f displayed good antimicrobial activity and synergistic effects when used with kanamycin and amphotericin B. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of compounds 1b and 1f were studied against HeLa cells (cervical cancer cell) and Hek-293 cells. The results of molecular docking study were used to better rationalize the action and prediction of the binding modes of these compounds.