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Kumar B, Devi J, Manuja A. Synthesis, structure elucidation, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and molecular docking studies of transition metal(II) complexes derived from heterocyclic Schiff base ligands. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-023-04991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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2
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Shruthi E, Yallappa S, Mallikarjuna NM, Talavara V, Dhananjaya BL, Vaidya VP. 8‐Nitronaphthofuran Fused Urea Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Characterization and Pharmacological Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Shruthi
- Department of Chemistry Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta 577451, Shivammoga District Karnataka India
| | - S. Yallappa
- Department of Chemistry AMC Engineering College Bangalore 560083 Karnataka India
| | - N. M. Mallikarjuna
- Department of Chemistry Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta 577451, Shivammoga District Karnataka India
| | - V. Talavara
- Department of Chemistry Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta 577451, Shivammoga District Karnataka India
| | - B. L. Dhananjaya
- Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit Jain University Jakksandra post, Kanakapura Taluk Ramanagara 562112 Karnataka India
| | - V. P. Vaidya
- Department of Chemistry Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta 577451, Shivammoga District Karnataka India
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3
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Van Quy D, Kruzhilin AA, Stolpovskaya NV, Baranin SV, Prezent MA, Minyaev ME, Shikhaliev KS. Diastereoselective synthesis of pyrimido[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazines based on the Biginelli reaction. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4
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Boyer Z, Kessler H, Brosman H, Ruud KJ, Falkowski AF, Viollet C, Bourne CR, O’Reilly MC. Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Amino Dihydropyrimidines Toward the Analysis of their Antibacterial Structure-Activity Relationships and Mechanism of Action. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37907-37916. [PMID: 36312355 PMCID: PMC9607683 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance among bacteria puts immense strain on public health. The discovery of new antibiotics that work through unique mechanisms is one important pillar toward combating this threat of resistance. A functionalized amino dihydropyrimidine was reported to exhibit antibacterial activity via the inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase, an underexploited antibacterial target. Despite this promise, little is known about its structure-activity relationships (SAR) and mechanism of activity. Toward this goal, the aza-Biginelli reaction was optimized to allow for the preparation of focused libraries of functionalized amino dihydropyridines, which in some cases required the use of variable temperature NMR analysis for the conclusive assignment of compound identity and purity. Antibacterial activity was examined using microdilution assays, and compound interactions with dihydrofolate reductase were assessed using antimicrobial synergy studies alongside in vitro enzyme kinetics, differential scanning fluorimetry, and protein crystallography. Clear antibacterial SAR trends were unveiled (MIC values from >64 to 4 μg/mL), indicating that this compound class has promise for future development as an antibacterial agent. Despite this, the in vitro biochemical and biophysical studies performed alongside the synergy assays call the antibacterial mechanism into question, indicating that further studies will be required to fully evaluate the antibacterial potential of this compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary
W. Boyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Hannah Kessler
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Hannah Brosman
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Kirsten J. Ruud
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University
of Wisconsin−River Falls, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, United States
| | - Alan F. Falkowski
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University
of Wisconsin−River Falls, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, United States
| | - Constance Viollet
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Christina R. Bourne
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Matthew C. O’Reilly
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
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5
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Sánchez-Sancho F, Escolano M, Gaviña D, Csáky AG, Sánchez-Roselló M, Díaz-Oltra S, del Pozo C. Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin(thio)one Containing Scaffold: Biginelli-like Reactions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080948. [PMID: 36015096 PMCID: PMC9413519 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interest in 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-(thio)ones is increasing every day, mainly due to their paramount biological relevance. The Biginelli reaction is the classical approach to reaching these scaffolds, although the product diversity suffers from some limitations. In order to overcome these restrictions, two main approaches have been devised. The first one involves the modification of the conventional components of the Biginelli reaction and the second one refers to the postmodification of the Biginelli products. Both strategies have been extensively revised in this manuscript. Regarding the first one, initially, the modification of one of the components was covered. Although examples of modifications of the three of them were described, by far the modification of the keto ester counterpart was the most popular approach, and a wide variety of different enolizable carbonylic compounds were used; moreover, changes in two or the three components were also described, broadening the substitution of the final dihydropyrimidines. Together with these modifications, the use of Biginelli adducts as a starting point for further modification was also a very useful strategy to decorate the final heterocyclic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Escolano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.E.); (D.G.); (M.S.-R.)
| | - Daniel Gaviña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.E.); (D.G.); (M.S.-R.)
| | - Aurelio G. Csáky
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Moncloa, Paseo de Juan XXIII, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Sánchez-Roselló
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.E.); (D.G.); (M.S.-R.)
| | - Santiago Díaz-Oltra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.E.); (D.G.); (M.S.-R.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.-O.); (C.d.P.)
| | - Carlos del Pozo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, University of Valencia, Avda Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.E.); (D.G.); (M.S.-R.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.-O.); (C.d.P.)
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6
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Huseynzada A, Mori M, Meneghetti F, Israyilova A, Tuzun G, Sayin K, Chiarelli L, Mutlu C, Demiralp M, Hasanova U, Abbasov V. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, computational and antibacterial studies of a 9-phenanthrenecarboxaldehyde-based thiodihydropyrimidine derivative. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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7
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Salinas-Hernández A, Delgado GE, Penieres-Carrillo JG, Delgado-Reyes JF, Gómez-Pliego R, Luna-Mora R, Ríos-Guerra H. Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the 1-(3,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)urea salt structurally related to dihydropyrimidinon-2-ylurea-type RNA-binding ligands. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Mittersteiner M, Farias FFS, Bonacorso HG, Martins MAP, Zanatta N. Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of pyrimidines and their fused derivatives: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105683. [PMID: 34562732 PMCID: PMC8473776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pyrimidine scaffold is present in many bioactive drugs; therefore, efficient synthetic routes that provide shorter reaction times, higher yields, and site-selective reactions are constantly being sought. Ultrasound (US) irradiation has emerged as an alternative energy source in the synthesis of these heterocyclic scaffolds, and over the last ten years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications mentioning US in either the construction or derivatization of the pyrimidine core. This review presents a detailed summary (with 140 references) of the effects of US (synergic or not) on the construction and derivatization of the pyrimidine core through classical reactions (e.g., multicomponent, cyclocondensation, cycloaddition, and alkylation reactions). The main points that were taken into consideration are as follows: chemo- and regioselectivity issues, and the results of conventional heating methods compared to US and mechanistic insights that are also presented and discussed for key reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Mittersteiner
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Fellipe F S Farias
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Helio G Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marcos A P Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil.
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9
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Marinescu M. Biginelli Reaction Mediated Synthesis of Antimicrobial Pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Therapeutic Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:6022. [PMID: 34641566 PMCID: PMC8512088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance was one of the top priorities for global public health before the start of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Moreover, in this changing medical landscape due to COVID-19, finding new organic structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a priority in current research. The Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of the resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds. In this review we aim to review the Biginelli syntheses reported recently in the literature that mediates the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, the spectrum of their medicinal properties, and the structure-activity relationship in the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marinescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Soseaua Panduri, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
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10
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El Haimer M, Palkó M, Haukka M, Gajdács M, Zupkó I, Fülöp F. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the new ring system benzo[ f]pyrimido[1,2- d][1,2,3]triazolo[1,5- a][1,4]diazepine and its cycloalkane and cycloalkene condensed analogues. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6952-6957. [PMID: 35423223 PMCID: PMC8694935 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10553h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Derivatives of the new ring system benzo[f]pyrimido[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepinone and its cycloalkane and cycloalkene condensed analogues have been conveniently synthesized through a three-step reaction sequence. An atom-economical, one-pot, three-step cascade process engaging five reactive centers (amide, amine, carbonyl, azide, and alkyne) has been performed for the synthesis of alicyclic derivatives of quinazolinotriazolobenzodiazepine using cyclohexane, cyclohexene, and norbornene β-amino amides. The stereochemistry and relative configurations of the synthesized compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The reaction was also performed using enantiomeric starting materials leading to enantiomeric quinazolinotriazolobenzodiazepine with an ee of 95%. The synthesis of 9H-benzo[f]pyrimido[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepinone, a new heterocyclic system, was achieved in a good yield using a retro Diels-Alder (RDA) procedure. Some compounds were tested for antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cell lines of gynecological.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Haimer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - Márta Palkó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä FIN-40014 Turku Finland
| | - Márió Gajdács
- Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - István Zupkó
- Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Eötvös utca 6 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
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11
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Synthesis of novel 6-unsubstituted 2-aminodihydropyrimidines by Sc(OTf)3-mediated amination and their antiproliferative effect on HL-60 cells. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Huseynzada AE, Jelch C, Akhundzada HVN, Soudani S, Ben Nasr C, Israyilova A, Doria F, Hasanova UA, Khankishiyeva RF, Freccero M. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of dihydropyrimidines and their regioselectively oxidized products. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6312-6329. [PMID: 35423136 PMCID: PMC8694924 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The syntheses and investigations of new biologically active derivatives of dihydropyrimidines by Biginelli reaction in the presence of copper triflate are reported. Due to the fact that salicylaldehyde and its derivatives under Biginelli reaction conditions can lead to the formation of 2 types of dihydropyrimidines, the influence of copper triflate on product formation was also investigated. In addition to this, regioselective oxidation of dihydropyrimidines was performed in the presence of cerium ammonium nitrate and novel oxidized dihydropyrimidines were obtained. Single crystals of some of them were obtained and as a result, the structures of them were investigated by X-ray diffraction method, which allows determining the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures. In addition to this, the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures affects the formation of the corresponding tautomer during oxidizing of dihydropyrimidines. Since dihydropyrimidines are claimed to be biologically active compounds, activities of the synthesized compounds were studied against Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Known methods of synthesis of dihydropyrimidines and their oxidized products were modified, the impact of hydrogen bonds on stabilization of preferred tautomer and biological activities were studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarra Soudani
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
- Université de Carthage
- Zarzouna
- Tunisia
| | - Cherif Ben Nasr
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
- Université de Carthage
- Zarzouna
- Tunisia
| | - Aygun Israyilova
- Department of Molecular biology and Biotechnology
- Baku State University
- Baku
- Azerbaijan
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Bais J, Benedetti F, Berti F, Cerminara I, Drioli S, Funicello M, Regini G, Vidali M, Felluga F. One Pot Synthesis of Micromolar BACE-1 Inhibitors Based on the Dihydropyrimidinone Scaffold and Their Thia and Imino Analogues. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184152. [PMID: 32927879 PMCID: PMC7571164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of dihydropyrimidinones was synthesized via a “one-pot” three component Biginelli reaction using different aldehydes in combination with β-dicarbonyl compounds and urea. Selected 2-thiooxo and 2-imino analogs were also obtained with the Biginelli reaction from thiourea and guanidine hydrochloride, respectively. The products were screened in vitro for their β-secretase inhibitory activity. The majority of the compounds resulted to be active, with IC50 in the range 100 nM–50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bais
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Fabio Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Federico Berti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Iole Cerminara
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Sara Drioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Maria Funicello
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Giorgia Regini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Mattia Vidali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Fulvia Felluga
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (J.B.); (F.B.); (F.B.); (S.D.); (G.R.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Synthesis, antibacterial evaluation and molecular docking studies of novel series of acridone- 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Ahmad S, Iftikhar F, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Rashid U. Rational design and synthesis of dihydropyrimidine based dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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