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Hernández-Flandes A, Hernández-Ortega S, Ramírez-Apan T, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Silva-Jimenez N, Martínez-Vázquez M. Synthesis of Cycloartan-16β-ol from 16β 24R-Epoxy-Cycloartane and Their Cytotoxicity Evaluation Against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301346. [PMID: 38520744 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
It was found that Argentatins A and B triterpenoids make up approximately 20-30 % of the waste resin produced from the industrial processes to isolate rubber from P. argentatum. We have developed an efficient protocol for synthesizing cycloartane-16β-ol derivatives by opening the oxepane ring of argentatin B acetate (2) with BF3-OEt2. Although three new cycloartenol derivatives showed high cytotoxicity against PC-3 and HCT-15 cancer cell lines, nevertheless, the best results were obtained for (16β,24R) -(16,24-epoxy-cycloartan-2(1H)-ylidene) acetate (14), compound with intact oxepane ring. These results indicate that the substituents in the argentatin nucleus and a side chain account for the cytotoxic activity. However, according to the selectivity index (SI), 14 did not show selectivity activity to cancer cell lines over the HaCat noncancerous cell line. The compound 3β,16β-Dihydroxy-cycloartan-24-one (5), synthesized by oxepane opening, demonstrated high cytotoxic activity to cancer cell lines and showed a remarkable selectivity to cancer cell lines over the noncancerous ones. These results suggest that 5 could lead to the development of new anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atzin Hernández-Flandes
- Departmento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
| | - Simón Hernández-Ortega
- Departmento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Departmento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
| | - Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
| | - Noemi Silva-Jimenez
- Departmento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
| | - Mariano Martínez-Vázquez
- Departmento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán, 04510 DCMX, México
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Gallego B, García-Martínez MM, Latorre G, Carrión ME, Hurtado de Mendoza J, Carmona M, Zalacain A. New strategies to analyze argentatins A and B in guayule (Parthenium argentatum, A. Gray). Talanta 2023; 265:124856. [PMID: 37356192 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the exploitation of compounds belonging to the triterpenoid family from guayule (Parthenium argentatum, A. Gray), as they offer several beneficial effects to human health. The most abundant triterpenoids in guayule resin are the argentatins, which are currently analyzed by labor-intensive and time-consuming techniques. The purpose of the present study was to estimate argentatins and isoargentatins A and B in guayule using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and flow injection analysis (FIA). Results revealed that the best partial least squares regression model exhibited excellent correlation with the values estimated by NIRS calibration (r2c = 0.99-1.00) and cross-validation (r2cv = 0.94-0.99), and the residual predictive deviation was >3 in all cases. After optimization of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and FIA parameters, the FIA mode could reliably collect data for argentatin A and B after applying a calculated coverage factor. In sum, NIRS and FIA appear to be a robust option for the estimation and routine analysis of argentatins in guayule stems and resin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gallego
- Instituto de Toxicología de La Defensa, Hospital Central de La Defensa Gómez Ulla, Gta. Ejército 1, 28047, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Mercedes García-Martínez
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial de Albacete, ITAP. Parque Empresarial Campollano, 2(a) Avenida, 02007, Albacete, 61, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Avda. de España S/n, Albacete, 02071, Spain.
| | - Guayente Latorre
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Avda. de España S/n, Albacete, 02071, Spain.
| | - M Engracia Carrión
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Food Quality Research Group, Campus Universitario S/n, Albacete, 02071, Spain.
| | | | - Manuel Carmona
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Food Quality Research Group, Campus Universitario S/n, Albacete, 02071, Spain.
| | - Amaya Zalacain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Avda. de España S/n, Albacete, 02071, Spain.
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Xu YM, Wijeratne EMK, Calderon-Rivera A, Loya-López S, Perez-Miller S, Khanna R, Gunatilaka AAL. Argentatin C Analogues with Potential Antinociceptive Activity and Other Triterpenoid Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Parthenium incanum. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20085-20095. [PMID: 37305315 PMCID: PMC10249386 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four new triterpenes, 25-dehydroxy-25-methoxyargentatin C (1), 20S-hydroxyargentatin C (2), 20S-hydroxyisoargentatin C (3), and 24-epi-argentatin C (4), together with 10 known triterpenes (5-14) were isolated from the aerial parts of Parthenium incanum. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by detailed analysis of their spectroscopic data, and the known compounds 5-14 were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported. Since argentatin C (11) was found to exhibit antinociceptive activity by decreasing the excitability of rat and macaque dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, 11 and its new analogues 1-4 were evaluated for their ability to decrease the excitability of rat DRG neurons. Of the argentatin C analogues tested, 25-dehydroxy-25-methoxyargentatin C (1) and 24-epi-argentatin C (4) decreased neuronal excitability in a manner comparable to 11. Preliminary structure-activity relationships for the action potential-reducing effects of argentatin C (11) and its analogues 1-4, and their predicted binding sites in pain-relevant voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels (VGSCs and VGCCs) in DRG neurons are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ming Xu
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - E. M. Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - Aida Calderon-Rivera
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Santiago Loya-López
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Samantha Perez-Miller
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Department
of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, School
of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
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García-Martínez MM, Gallego B, Latorre G, Carrión ME, De la Cruz-Morcillo MÁ, Zalacain A, Carmona M. Argentatin Content in Guayule Leaves ( Parthenium argentatum A. Gray). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2021. [PMID: 37653938 PMCID: PMC10221434 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately one-third of the waste biomass from the cultivation of guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) for natural rubber production is leaf tissue; however, whether it can be valorized is not known. Guayulins and argentatins are potential high-value products that can be recovered from guayule resin during rubber/latex processing. Argentatins are highly abundant in guayule stem resin; however, unlike the guayulins, their occurrence in leaves has not been investigated. The present study determined the content of argentatins and isoargentatins A and B in the leaves of a pure guayule accession (R1040) and two hybrids (CAL-1 and AZ-2) under conditions of irrigation and non-irrigation. The resin content in leaves was ~10%, which provides a suitable starting point for economic exploitation. The highest production of argentatins occurred in plants under irrigation, with yields of 4.2 and 3.6 kg ha-1 for R1040 and AZ-2, respectively. The R1040 accession had the highest percentage of resin and the greatest total argentatin content (24.5 g kg-1 dried leaf), principally due to the abundance of argentatin A. Contrastingly, CAL-1 consistently showed the lowest argentatin content based on dried leaf weight and production (0.6 kg ha-1). The substantial abundance of argentatins in guayule leaves suggests the potential for future exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes García-Martínez
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial de Albacete (ITAP), Parque empresarial Campollano, 2ª Avenida, 61, 02007 Albacete, Spain;
- E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (G.L.); (A.Z.)
| | - Beatriz Gallego
- Instituto de Toxicología de la Defensa, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Gta Ejército 1, 28047 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Guayente Latorre
- E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (G.L.); (A.Z.)
| | - María Engracia Carrión
- Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Food Quality Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.E.C.); (M.Á.D.l.C.-M.)
| | - Miguel Ángel De la Cruz-Morcillo
- Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Food Quality Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.E.C.); (M.Á.D.l.C.-M.)
| | - Amaya Zalacain
- E.T.S.I. Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (G.L.); (A.Z.)
| | - Manuel Carmona
- Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Food Quality Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (M.E.C.); (M.Á.D.l.C.-M.)
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Xu YM, Madasu C, Liu MX, Wijeratne EMK, Dierig D, White B, Molnár I, Gunatilaka AAL. Cycloartane- and Lanostane-Type Triterpenoids from the Resin of Parthenium argentatum AZ-2, a Byproduct of Guayule Rubber Production. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:15486-15498. [PMID: 34151127 PMCID: PMC8210430 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A total of 12 new cycloartane- and lanostane-type triterpenoids including 16-deoxyargentatin A (1), 16-deoxyisoargentatin A (2), 7-oxoisoargentatin A (3), 24-epi-argentatin H (4), 24-O-p-anisoylargentatin C (5), 24-O-trans-cinnamoylargentatin C (6), 16-dehydroargentatin C (7), 16,17(20)-didehydroargentatin C (8), isoargentatin C (9), isoargentatin H (10), 3-epi-quisquagenin (11), and isoquisquagenin (12) together with 10 known triterpenoids (13-22) were isolated from the resin of Parthenium argentatum AZ-2 obtained as a byproduct of Bridgestone guayule rubber production. The structures of new triterpenoids 1-12 and argentatin H (13), which has previously been characterized as its diacetate (23), were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data and chemical conversions, and the known compounds 14-22 were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported. Of these, 13, 14, and 18 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity for several cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ming Xu
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Chandrashekhar Madasu
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - Manping X. Liu
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - E. M. Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - David Dierig
- Guayule
Research, Bridgestone Americas, Inc., 4140 West Harmon Road, Eloy, Arizona 85131, United States
| | - Bob White
- Guayule
Research, Bridgestone Americas, Inc., 4140 West Harmon Road, Eloy, Arizona 85131, United States
| | - István Molnár
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, Arizona 85706, United States
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Cytotoxic Property of Grias neuberthii Extract on Human Colon Cancer Cells: A Crucial Role of Autophagy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1565306. [PMID: 32328120 PMCID: PMC7152961 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1565306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine has become an important alternative in the treatment of various cancer types, including colon cancer, which represents one of the main health problems around the world. Therefore, the search for new therapies to counteract this disease is very active. Grias neuberthii is an endemic plant located in the Ecuadorian Amazon region, which has been used in traditional medicine for its pharmacological properties, including its ability to inhibit tumor cell growth, although scientific studies are limited. We have analyzed the effect of this plant on two colon carcinoma cell lines, that is, RKO (normal p53) and SW613-B3 (mutated p53) cells. Among several extracts obtained from various parts of G. neuberthii plant, we identified the extract with the greatest cytotoxic potential, derived from the stem bark. The cytotoxic effect was similar on both cell lines, thus indicating that it is independent of the status of p53. However, significant differences were observed after the analysis of colony formation, with RKO cells being more sensitive than SW613-B3. No evidence for apoptotic markers was recorded; nevertheless, both cell lines showed signs of autophagy after the treatment, including increased Beclin-1 and LC3-II and decreased p62. Finally, three chemical compounds, possibly responsible for the effect observed in both cell lines, were identified: lupeol (1), 3′-O-methyl ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-rhamnopyranoside (2), and 19-α-hydroxy-asiatic acid monoglucoside (3).
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