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Chen JK, Ge ZY, Liao XW, Xue J, Wu L, Liang LF. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Phytochemical Components of Chinese Endemic Plant Whitfordiodendron filipes var. tomentosum. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:692. [PMID: 38475538 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Whitfordiodendron filipes var. tomentosum is an endemic plant in China. There have been no chemical or pharmacological studies of this plant reported before. In the current research, eight triterpenes and two steroids were obtained. Their structures were established by the analysis of NMR data and comparison with those reported in the literature. These ten structurally diverse compounds comprised five distinct carbon frameworks with different functionalities. The chemotaxonomic significance of these secondary metabolites was discussed, disclosing the common components between the variant W. filipes var. tomentosum and the species W. filipe. Evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of these isolates disclosed that compounds 1, 2, 4, and 6 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 = 16.6-19.2 μM), which were close in value to the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 11.5 μM). Moreover, the binding modes between the biologically active compounds 1, 2, 4, and 6 and the α-glucosidase protein were preliminarily studied using molecular docking. This study not only showed the chemical and biological profile of the plant W. filipes var. tomentosum but also revealed that these components could be developed as hypoglycemic lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kun Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zeng-Yue Ge
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Liao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jun Xue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lei Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lin-Fu Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha 410004, China
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Tinguep Tchapnda NP, Njinkou Njambouo RB, Tchuendem Kenmogne MH, Djimeli Douanla P, Shiono Y, Tabopda TK. Cytotoxic constituents from the fruit of Solanum aculeastrum. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38409661 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2320738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A new triterpene, aculeastrumone A (1), a new triterpene saponin aculeastrumoside A (2), and eleven known compounds (3-13) were isolated from MeOH/Water (80/20) extract of the fruits of Solanum aculeastrum (Solanaceae). Their structures were established by detailed 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies and mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were evaluated against three human cancer cells ((MCF-7 (breast cancer), NCI-H460 (lung cancer), and Hela (cervical cancer)) and normal human fibroblast (BJ) cell lines. Among them, saponins 2-5, 7-8, and Carpesterol 10 possess significant cytotoxic activity with IC50 ≤ 10 µM against the three cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Turibio Kuiate Tabopda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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Lee YG, Kim TH, Kwon JE, Kim H, Kang SC. Cytotoxic Effects of Ardisiacrispin A from Labisia pumila on A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:276. [PMID: 38398785 PMCID: PMC10890250 DOI: 10.3390/life14020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the predominant cause of cancer-related fatalities. This prompted our exploration into the anti-lung cancer efficacy of Labisia pumila, a species meticulously selected from the preliminary screening of 600 plants. METHODS Through the strategic implementation of activity-guided fractionation, ardisiacrispin A (1) was isolated utilizing sequential column chromatography. Structural characterization was achieved employing various spectroscopic methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and infrared spectroscopy (IR). RESULTS L. pumila 70% EtOH extract showed significant toxicity in A549 lung cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 57.04 ± 10.28 µg/mL, as well as decreased expression of oncogenes and induced apoptosis. Compound 1, ardisiacrispin A, induced a 50% cell death response in A549 cells at a concentration of 11.94 ± 1.14 µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The present study successfully investigated ardisiacrispin A extracted from L. pumila leaves, employing a comprehensive spectroscopic approach encompassing NMR, IR, and MS analyses. The anti-lung cancer efficacy of ardisiacrispin A and L. pumila extract was successfully demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; (Y.-G.L.); (T.H.K.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; (Y.-G.L.); (T.H.K.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Jeong Eun Kwon
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; (Y.-G.L.); (T.H.K.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Hyunggun Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; (Y.-G.L.); (T.H.K.); (J.E.K.)
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Zhao B, Li Y, Wang B, Liu J, Yang Y, Quan Q, An Q, Liang R, Liu C, Yang C. Uncovering the Anti-Angiogenic Mechanisms of Centella asiatica via Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Molecules 2024; 29:362. [PMID: 38257275 PMCID: PMC10821292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centella asiatica (CA) has been used to address cancer for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Previous studies demonstrated its anti-angiogenesis efficacy, but the underlying mechanism of its action remains to be further clarified. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of CA and its triterpenes in anti-angiogenesis for cancer therapeutics through network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS Cytoscape was used to construct a network of compound-disease targets and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) from which core targets were identified. GO and KEGG analyses were performed using Metascape, and the AutoDock-Vina program was used to realize molecular docking for further verification. Then, VEGF165 was employed to establish an induced angiogenesis model. The anti-angiogenic effects of CA were evaluated through assays measuring cell proliferation, migration, and tubular structure formation. RESULTS Twenty-five active ingredients in CA had potential targets for anti-angiogenesis including madecassoside, asiaticoside, madecassic acid, asiatic acid, and asiaticoside B. In total, 138 potential targets for CA were identified, with 19 core targets, including STAT3, SRC, MAPK1, and AKT1. A KEGG analysis showed that CA is implicated in cancer-related pathways, specifically PD-1 and AGE-RAGE. Molecular docking verified that the active components of CA have good binding energy with the first four important targets of angiogenesis. In experimental validation, the extracts and triterpenes of CA improved VEGF165-induced angiogenesis by reducing the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CONCLUSIONS Our results initially demonstrate the effective components and great anti-angiogenic activity of CA. Evidence of the satisfactory anti-angiogenic action of the extracts and triterpenes from CA was verified, suggesting CA's significant potential as a prospective agent for the therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingtian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Binya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.Q.); (Q.A.)
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Qianghua Quan
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.Q.); (Q.A.)
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.Q.); (Q.A.)
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chunhuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
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Schendzielorz M, Schmidt T, Puchalla N, Csuk R, Kramell AE. TLC and HPTLC-APCI-MS for the rapid discrimination of plant resins frequently used for lacquers and varnishes by artists and conservators. Phytochem Anal 2024; 35:64-76. [PMID: 37555289 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depending on their terpenoid and phenolic constituents plant resins can be classified as diterpenoid, triterpenoid or phenolic resins; thereby the profile of diterpenes and triterpenes is considered as genus- or even species-specific. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop a simple, rapid, inexpensive, sensitive and specific method for the identification of resin-specific triterpenoid and phenolic compounds in plant resins using (HP)TLC [(high-performance) thin-layer chromatography] combined with APCI-MS (atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry) and post-chromatographic detection reactions. METHODS Twenty resin samples from different plant species were analysed. Different extraction procedures, post-chromatographic detection reagents as well as various sorbents and solvents for planar chromatography were tested. To evaluate the potential of the optimised (HP)TLC-APCI-MS methods, parameter such as limit of detection (LOD) was determined for selected marker compounds. RESULTS Our protocol enabled qualitative analyses of chemotaxonomic molecular markers in natural resins such as dammar, mastic, olibanum and benzoin. For the first time, the application of thionyl chloride-stannic chloride reagent for a specific post-chromatographic detection of triterpenes is reported, sometimes even allowing discrimination between isomers based on their characteristic colour sequences. For triterpene acids, triterpene alcohols and phenolic compounds, detection limits of 2-20 ng/TLC zone and a system precision with a relative standard deviation (RSD) in the range of 3.9%-7.0% were achieved by (HP)TLC-APCI-MS. The applicability of the method for the analysis of resin-based varnishes was successfully tested on a mastic-based varnish. Thus, the method we propose is a helpful tool for the discrimination of resins and resin-based varnishes with respect to their botanical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schendzielorz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Theresa Schmidt
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Nils Puchalla
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Annemarie E Kramell
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Deng Y, Wang R, Ma Z, Zuo W, Zhu M. Synthesis and Fabrication of Betulin-Derived Polysulfide and Polysulfoxide Electrospun Fibers for Fruit Preservation. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18857-18864. [PMID: 37994873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived biocompounds play a crucial role in the field of renewable materials due to their sustainability as they can be converted into monomers for polymerization, comparable to numerous monomers obtained from petroleum. In this work, betulin, a triterpene derivative with antibacterial properties obtained from birch tree bark, was esterified to produce two varieties of α,ω-diene derivatives with different lengths of methylene spacers. These derivatives were then copolymerized with 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)diethanethiol using thiol-ene photopolymerization. We optimized and confirmed the polymerization parameters such as solvents, catalysts, and monomer concentrations. These analyses allowed for the obtainment of polysulfides with a high molar mass of up to 38.9 kg/mol under the optimized conditions. Furthermore, the polysulfides were converted into polysulfoxides by using a dilute hydrogen peroxide solution. Thermal analysis of the obtained polymers revealed excellent thermal stability (up to 300 °C) and tunable glass transition temperatures depending on their molar mass and composition. We successfully produced fibers with a diameter of approximately 3.9 μm by using the electrospinning technique. The morphology and hydrophobicity of the fibers were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and water contact angle analysis. Plant-derived polymeric fibers exhibited good cellular biocompatibility and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, making them promising candidates for applications in fruit preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ruili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
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Ma S, Weng M, Yang T, Ge L, Yang K. Triterpenes and Pheophorbides from Camellia ptilosperma and Their Cytotoxicity, Photocytotoxicity, and Photodynamic Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:7058. [PMID: 37894536 PMCID: PMC10609551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Camellia ptilosperma S. Y. Liang et Q. D. Chen led to the isolation of ten undescribed compounds, including six new triterpenes (1-6) and four new pheophorbide-related compounds (7-10). Meanwhile, the cytotoxic activity of the six triterpenes against six cancer cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay. Compound 2 showed potent cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 2.57 μM. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited cytotoxicity against MDA-MB231 cells, with IC50 values of 11.31 and 5.52 μM, respectively. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of four new pheophorbides against these cancer cells was evaluated both in the presence and absence of light treatment. Compound 7 exhibited exceptional photocytotoxicity against Hela, MCF-7, and A549 cells, with IC50 values of 0.43 μM, 0.28 μM, and 0.92 μM, respectively. Compound 10 demonstrated significant photodynamic cytotoxic activity against BEL-7402 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.77 μM and 0.33 μM, respectively. The photodynamic antibacterial activity of 7-10 was also tested for S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa under direct illumination. Compounds 8 and 10 exhibited sensitivity to E. coli and demonstrated a photodynamic antibacterial effect, with a MIC value of 0.625 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Mengling Weng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellia National Nature Reserve Management Center, Fangchenggang 538021, China
| | - Li Ge
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kedi Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Díaz-Sánchez L, Zentella-Dehesa A, Castro-Torres VA, Silva-Jiménez N, Jacobo-Herrera NJ, Martínez-Vázquez M. Evaluations of Anticancer Effects of Combinations of Cisplatin and Tirucallane-Type Triterpenes Isolated from Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl). Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300893. [PMID: 37695827 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic activity of combinations of masticadienonic (AMD) or 3αOH-hydroxy-masticadienonic (3αOH-AMD) acids with cisplatin (CDDP) was evaluated against PC3 prostate and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines. Combinations A (half the IC50 value), B (IC50 value), and C (twice the IC50 value) were tested at a 1 : 1 ratio. All AMD plus CDDP combinations demonstrated increased cytotoxic effect, as determined by the sulforhodamine B test, in both cell types. The best combination was B, which showed 93 % and 91 % inhibition of the proliferation of PC3 and HCT116 cells, respectively. It also increased apoptosis in the PC3 cell lines, as evaluated by flow cytometry. However, in vivo tests showed no additional activity from the AMD plus CDDP combinations. These results showed that the increased cytotoxic activity of the combinations in vitro did not reflect in vivo tests. All combinations of 3αOH-AMD plus CDDP exerted antagonistic effects in both cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Díaz-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México (MMV)
| | - Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán INCMNSZ., C. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, 14080 CDMX, México (NJJH)
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. Mario de La Cueva, C.Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Víctor Alberto Castro-Torres
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México (MMV)
| | - Noemi Silva-Jiménez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México (MMV)
| | - Nadia Judith Jacobo-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán INCMNSZ., C. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, 14080 CDMX, México (NJJH)
| | - Mariano Martínez-Vázquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. Exterior, C. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, México (MMV)
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Alcalde MA, Palazon J, Bonfill M, Hidalgo-Martinez D. Enhancing Centelloside Production in Centella asiatica Hairy Root Lines through Metabolic Engineering of Triterpene Biosynthetic Pathway Early Genes. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3363. [PMID: 37836103 PMCID: PMC10574710 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant with a rich tradition of use for its therapeutic properties. Among its bioactive compounds are centellosides, a group of triterpenoid secondary metabolites whose potent pharmacological activities have attracted significant attention. Metabolic engineering has emerged as a powerful biotechnological tool to enhance the production of target compounds. In this study, we explored the effects of overexpressing the squalene synthase (SQS) gene and transcription factor TSAR2 on various aspects of C. asiatica hairy root lines: the expression level of centelloside biosynthetic genes, morphological traits, as well as squalene, phytosterol, and centelloside content. Three distinct categories of transformed lines were obtained: LS, harboring At-SQS; LT, overexpressing TSAR2; and LST, simultaneously carrying both transgenes. These lines displayed noticeable alterations in morphological traits, including changes in branching rate and biomass production. Furthermore, we observed that the expression of T-DNA genes, particularly aux2 and rolC genes, significantly modulated the expression of pivotal genes involved in centelloside biosynthesis. Notably, the LS lines boasted an elevated centelloside content but concurrently displayed reduced phytosterol content, a finding that underscores the intriguing antagonistic relationship between phytosterol and triterpene pathways. Additionally, the inverse correlation between the centelloside content and morphological growth values observed in LS lines was countered by the action of TSAR2 in the LST and LT lines. This difference could be attributed to the simultaneous increase in the phytosterol content in the TSAR2-expressing lines, as these compounds are closely linked to root development. Overall, these discoveries offer valuable information for the biotechnological application of C. asiatica hairy roots and their potential to increase centelloside production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Alcalde
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.A.); (M.B.)
- Biotechnology, Health and Education Research Group, Posgraduate School, Cesar Vallejo University, Trujillo 13001, Peru
| | - Javier Palazon
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Mercedes Bonfill
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Diego Hidalgo-Martinez
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.A.); (M.B.)
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Wright KM, Bollen M, David J, Mepham B, Alcázar Magaña A, McClure C, Maier CS, Quinn JF, Soumyanath A. Bioanalytical method validation and application to a phase 1, double-blind, randomized pharmacokinetic trial of a standardized Centella asiatica (L.) Urban water extract product in healthy older adults. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228030. [PMID: 37680716 PMCID: PMC10481538 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Centella asiatica is an herbaceous plant reputed in Eastern medicine to improve memory. Preclinical studies have shown that C. asiatica aqueous extract (CAW) improves neuronal health, reduces oxidative stress, and positively impacts learning and cognition. This study aimed to develop and validate bioanalytical methods for detecting known bioactive compounds from C. asiatica in human biological matrices and apply them to a human pharmacokinetic trial in healthy older adults. Methods: High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used for detecting triterpenes and caffeoylquinic acids from C. asiatica, or their metabolites, in human plasma and urine. Validation parameters including linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery and thermal stability were evaluated. The method was applied to a Phase I, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial of two doses (2 or 4 g) of a standardized C. asiatica water extract product (CAP) in eight healthy older adults. Pharmacokinetic parameters were measured over a 12-h post administration period and acute safety was assessed. Results: The method satisfied US Food & Drug Administration criteria for linearity and recovery of the analytes of interest in human plasma and urine. The method also satisfied criteria for precision and accuracy at medium and high concentrations. Single administration of 2 and 4 g of CAP was well tolerated and safe in healthy older adults. The parent triterpene glycosides, asiaticoside and madecassoside, were not detected in plasma and in minimal amounts in urinary excretion analyses, while the aglycones, asiatic acid and madecassic acid, showed readily detectable pharmacokinetic profiles. Similarly, the di-caffeoylquinic acids and mono-caffeoylquinic acids were detected in low quantities, while their putative metabolites showed readily detectable pharmacokinetic profiles and urinary excretion. Discussion: This method was able to identify and calculate the concentration of triterpenes and caffeoylquinic acids from C. asiatica, or their metabolites, in human plasma and urine. The oral absorption of these key compounds from CAP, and its acute safety in healthy older adults, support the use of this C. asiatica product in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M. Wright
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Melissa Bollen
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jason David
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Bridgette Mepham
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Armando Alcázar Magaña
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Christine McClure
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Joseph F. Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Veterans Affairs Portland Healthcare System Center, Department of Neurology, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Amala Soumyanath
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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11
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Huang XR, Cai F, Chen J, Wu CH, Li Y, Xu JH, Li P. Cytotoxic lanostane-type triterpenes from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3042-3047. [PMID: 36382774 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2146107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A new lanostane-type triterpene, namely 3-oxo-5α-lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-24-oic acid methyl ester (2), and three known compounds including ganoderal A (1), ganoderiol B (3) and ganodermenonol (4) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum by silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR data and mass spectral analysis. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds against SK-Hep-1, HepG2, Hela and Hela/VCR cancer cell lines was assessed by using MTT assay. The IC50 values of compound 1 were 43.09 ± 2.86, 42.31 ± 1.78 and 46.51 ± 1.95 μM in SK-Hep-1, HepG2 and Hela cells, respectively, after 48 h. The IC50 values of compound 4 were 44.70 ± 2.32 and 41.33 ± 2.15 μM in Hela and Hela/VCR cells, respectively, after 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Run Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fang Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Hui Wu
- Fujian Xianzhilou Biological Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ye Li
- Fujian Xianzhilou Biological Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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12
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Raju R, Kumar P, Eladwy RA, Bhuyan D, Reddell P, Münch G. Polysciasoside B and C: new dammarane-type triterpene glycosides from the leaves of Australian rainforest plant Polyscias australiana (F.Muell.) Philipson (Araliaceae). Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37505279 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2241970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Polyscias australiana (F.Muell.) Philipson (family Araliaceae) led to the isolation and identification of two new analogues belonging to the rare dammarane-type triterpene glycosides, polysciasosides B (1) and C (2). Also isolated in high yields from this plant was the known saponin, β-hedrin (3). The two new polysciasoside analogues exhibited no anti-inflammatory activity (inhibitory effects on NO inhibition and cell viability in RAW 264.7 macrophages) or cytotoxic activity against AGS gastric adenocarcinoma or the MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cell lines. In contrast, the known compound β-hedrin exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity in these biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Raju
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paayal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Radwa A Eladwy
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Deep Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | | | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
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13
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Limtragool OA, Pitchuanchom S, Saensouk S, Poopasit K, Kanokmedhakul K, Kanokmedhakul S. A new feruloylfriedelinol from the stems of Bridelia stipularis and its α-glucosidase inhibition. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37287380 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2222218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the stems of Bridelia stipularis led to the isolation of a new triterpene, 3β-O-trans-feruloylfriedelinol (1), together with five known compounds, friedelin (2), 3β-friedelinol (3), lupeol (4), stigmasterol (5), and 4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-4-hexenyl)benzoic acid (6). Their structures were identified by intensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and mass spectrometry. Compound 1 showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 337.49 ± 0.59 µM) close to the standard, acarbose. Furthermore, the structure activity relationship of 1 was analyzed by molecular docking studies. In addition, the molecular docking results showed that the interaction between 1 and the active site occurred through hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oue-Artorn Limtragool
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Siripit Pitchuanchom
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Surapon Saensouk
- Diversity of Family Zingiberaceae and Vascular Plant for Its Applications Research Unit, Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Kitisak Poopasit
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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14
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Ma Y, Li D, Zhong Y, Wang X, Li L, Osbourn A, Lucas WJ, Huang S, Shang Y. Vacuolar MATE/DTX protein-mediated cucurbitacin C transport is co-regulated with bitterness biosynthesis in cucumber. New Phytol 2023; 238:995-1003. [PMID: 36732026 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-localized transporters constitute important components for specialized metabolism in plants. However, due to the vast array of specialized metabolites produced by plants, and the large families of transporter genes, knowledge about the intracellular and intercellular transport of plant metabolites is still in its infancy. Cucurbitacins are bitter and defensive triterpenoids produced mainly in the cucurbits. Using a comparative genomics and multi-omics approach, a MATE gene (CsMATE1), physically clustered with cucurbitacin C (CuC) biosynthetic genes, was identified and functionally shown to sequester CuC in cucumber leaf mesophyll cells. Notably, the CuC transport process is strictly co-regulated with CuC biosynthesis. CsMATE1 clustering with bitterness biosynthesis genes may provide benefits and a basis for this feedback regulation on CuC sequestration and biosynthesis. Identification of transport systems for plant-specialized metabolites can accelerate the metabolic engineering of high-value-added compounds by simplifying their purification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuo Ma
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Dawei Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Legong Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Anne Osbourn
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - William J Lucas
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sanwen Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Yi Shang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, The CAAS-YNNU-YINMORE Joint Academy of Potato Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy (Ministry of Education), Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
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15
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Nguyen TQT, Pham NKT, Trung NT, An NT, Mai DT, Sichaem J, Huynh BLC, Anh NTH, Nguyen NH, Duong TH. Indicuen, a new hopane from Parmotrema indicum Hale growing in Vietnam. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:1284-1291. [PMID: 34758682 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2003355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
One new hopane-type triterpene, indicuen (1), along with eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from the n-hexane extract of the lichen Parmotrema indicum Hale. The chemical structures of isolated compounds were identified by interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS) combined with DFT-NMR chemical shift calculations and subsequent assignment of DP4+ probabilities and by comparison with the literature. Indicuen represents for a rare hopane bearing a 1-carboxyethyl substituent at C-21 in lichens. Compounds 1-3 and 5-8 were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibition and cytotoxicity against K562 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. Compounds 1, 5 and 7 exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 values of 201.1, 156.3 and 187.4 µM, respectively. Compound 1 also showed weak cytotoxicity toward K562 cell line while others showed no activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nguyen Tien Trung
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling (LCCM), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Truong An
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling (LCCM), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - Dinh-Tri Mai
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jirapast Sichaem
- Research Unit in Natural Products Chemistry and Bioactivities, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University Lampang Campus, Lampang, Thailand
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Hong Anh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, HCMC, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Hong Nguyen
- CirTech Institute, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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16
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Choi HB, Shim S, Wang MH, Choi YE. De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing of Codonopsis lanceolata for Identification of Triterpene Synthase and Triterpene Acetyltransferase. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065769. [PMID: 36982844 PMCID: PMC10056628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Codonopsis lanceolata (Campanulaceae) is a perennial plant commonly known as the bonnet bellflower. This species is widely used in traditional medicine and is considered to have multiple medicinal properties. In this study, we found that shoots and roots of C. lanceolata contained various types of free triterpenes (taraxerol, β-amyrin, α-amyrin, and friedelin) and triterpene acetates (taraxerol acetate, β-amyrin acetate, and α-amyrin acetate). The content of triterpenes and triterpene acetates by GC analysis was higher in the shoot than in the roots. To investigate the transcriptional activity of genes involved in triterpenes and triterpene acetate biosynthesis, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis of shoots and roots of C. lanceolata by sequencing using the Illumina platform. A total of 39,523 representative transcripts were obtained. After functional annotation of the transcripts, the differential expression of genes involved in triterpene biosynthetic pathways was investigated. Generally, the transcriptional activity of unigenes in the upstream region (MVA and MEP pathway) of triterpene biosynthetic pathways was higher in shoots than in roots. Various triterpene synthases (2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase, OSC) participate to produce triterpene skeletons by the cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqualene. A total of fifteen contigs were obtained in annotated OSCs in the representative transcripts. Functional characterization of four OSC sequences by heterologous expression in yeast revealed that ClOSC1 was determined as taraxerol synthase, and ClOSC2 was a mixed-amyrin synthase producing α-amyrin and β-amyrin. Five putative contigs of triterpene acetyltransferases showed high homology to the lettuce triterpene acetyltransferases. Conclusively, this study provides the basis of molecular information, particularly for the biosynthesis of triterpenes and triterpene acetates in C. lanceolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Choi
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangrea Shim
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Eui Choi
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Martínez ME, Jorquera L, Poirrier P, Díaz K, Chamy R. Effect of Inoculum Size and Age, and Sucrose Concentration on Cell Growth to Promote Metabolites Production in Cultured Taraxacum officinale (Weber) Cells. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1116. [PMID: 36903977 PMCID: PMC10004745 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes, including lupeol, α- amyrin, and β-amyrin, present a large range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and gastroprotective properties. The phytochemistry of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) tissues has been widely described. Plant biotechnology offers an alternative for secondary metabolite production and several active plant ingredients are already synthesized through in vitro cultures. This study aimed to establish a suitable protocol for cell growth and to determine the accumulation of α-amyrin and lupeol in cell suspension cultures of T. officinale under different culture conditions. To this end, inoculum density (0.2% to 8% (w/v)), inoculum age (2- to 10-week-old), and carbon source concentration (1%, 2.3%, 3.2%, and 5.5% (w/v)) were investigated. Hypocotyl explants of T. officinale were used for callus induction. Age, size, and sucrose concentrations were statistically significant in cell growth (fresh and dry weight), cell quality (aggregation, differentiation, viability), and triterpenes yield. The best conditions for establishing a suspension culture were achieved by using a 6-week-old callus at 4% (w/v) and 1% (w/v) of sucrose concentration. Results indicate that 0.04 (±0.02) α-amyrin and 0.03 (±0.01) mg/g lupeol can be obtained in suspension culture under these starting conditions at the 8th week of culture. The results of the present study provide a backdrop for future studies in which an elicitor could be incorporated to increase the large-scale production of α-amyrin and lupeol from T. officinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Martínez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 237463, Chile
| | - Lorena Jorquera
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción y Transporte, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2147, Valparaíso 237463, Chile
| | - Paola Poirrier
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 237463, Chile
| | - Katy Díaz
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España #1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Rolando Chamy
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 237463, Chile
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Huang HT, Lo IW, Lin YC, Geng-You L, Lin YS, Zhang LJ, Li TL, Liaw CC, Kuo YH. Kaguacidine A: a novel spirohydantoin-containing cucurbitane glycoside from vines of Momordica charantia L. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36606546 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2164278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The spirohydantoin-containing cucurbitane-type triterpenoid, kaguacidine A (1), was isolated and purified from 95% ethanol extract of vines of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae). Its unprecedented chemical structure, a spirohydantoin substituent at C-23 of cucurbitane, was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HRESIMS, IR, optical rotation, 1 D- and 2 D-NMR spectra. The possible biosynthetic pathway is deduced and may be attributed to the metabolic activity of microbial symbionts in M. charantia L. Compound 1 was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells and anti-proliferative activity against four cancer cell lines, including HEp-2, MCF-7, Hep-G2, and WiDr. Compound 1 showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 18.5 ± 0.4 μg/mL and weak anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7, HEp-2, Hep-G2, and WiDr with IC50 values of >40, 33.8 ± 0.6, 31.0 ± 0.7, and 27.0 ± 0.7 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tse Huang
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Lo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liao Geng-You
- School of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Sheng Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Peng X, Wang C, Hou Y, Tian J, Fan X, Li D, Hua H. Triterpene Derivatives from Garcinia oligantha and Their Anti-Cancer Activity. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:192. [PMID: 36616321 PMCID: PMC9824146 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigations of leaves and twigs from Garcinia oligantha Merr. resulted in the isolation of five undescribed triterpene derivatives (1-5) and six known analogs (6-11). Their structures were determined based on extensive spectroscopic data and high-resolution mass spectra analyses. Compounds 1-11 were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HepG-2, and MCF-7). Compounds 1, 2, 8, and 11 exhibited broad and significant cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 5.04 to 21.55 μM. Compounds 5 and 9 showed cytotoxicity against HeLa and MCF-7 with IC50 values ranging from 13.22 to 19.62 μM. The preliminary structure-activity relationship for the 11 isolated compounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dahong Li
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-4352-0738 (H.H.)
| | - Huiming Hua
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-4352-0738 (H.H.)
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Mousa TH, Abed SA, Alkhafaji SL. Molecular Docking and Study of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Triterpene and Diarylheptanoid Isolated from Pellacalyx axillaris. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:19-25. [PMID: 36330619 DOI: 10.2174/1871526523666221103145920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drugs widely used around the world for their analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect, but still have many limitations due to their side effects. So, these lead to the development of a new approach to search for a new product from natural plants that have similar therapeutic effects without common side effects like gastrointestinal ulcers. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect of β-amyrin palmitate (1) as triterpene and 1,7-bis (4- hydroxyphenyl) hept-4-en-3-one (2) as diarylheptanoid, isolated from Pellacalyx axillaris was studied by molecular docking to find the probability of binding position and binding strength of new compounds with particular Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PDB ID: 1CX2). In vivo acute anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds (1 and 2) was evaluated in rats using the egg-white induced edema model of inflammation in a dose correspondent to 3 mg/Kg of Diclofenac Sodium. RESULTS The tested isolated compounds showed a high activity to inhibit the swelling in paw edema and their anti-inflammatory effect began shortly after the injection of the egg white and continued to the end of the experiment in comparison to the reference and control. CONCLUSION The isolated compounds show a rapid onset of action and a very potent effect, this may be related to their suitable acidity and may have perfect hydrophilic -lipophilic balance. This is the first study of anti-inflammatory effect using Paw edema model and molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Hussein Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Salam Ahmed Abed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq.,Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Sura Latif Alkhafaji
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
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21
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Rosli SZ, Mohd Adzahan N, Karim R, Mahmud Ab Rashid NK. Effect of Acidic Electrolysed Water and Pulsed Light Technology on the Sensory, Morphology and Bioactive Compounds of Pennywort ( Centella asiatica L.) Leaves. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010311. [PMID: 36615505 PMCID: PMC9822038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pennywort (Centella asiatica) is a herbaceous vegetable that is usually served in the form of fresh-cut vegetables and consumed raw. Fresh-cut vegetables are in high demand as they offer convenience, have fresh-like quality and are potentially great for therapeutic applications. However, it could be the cause of foodborne outbreaks. Pulsed light is known as a decontamination method for minimally processed products. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of pulsed light in combination with acidic electrolysed water on the sensory, morphological changes and bioactive components in the leaves of pennywort during storage. A combination of soaking with acidic electrolysed water (AEW) at pH 2.5 and pulsed light (PL) treatment (1.5 J/cm2) was tested on the leaves of pennywort. After treatment, these leaves were refrigerated (4 ± 1 °C) for two weeks and evaluated on the basis of sensory acceptance, the visual appearance of the epidermal cell and bioactive compounds. In terms of sensorial properties, samples treated with the combined treatment were preferred over untreated samples. The combination of AEW and PL 1.5 J/cm2 was the most preferred in terms of purchasing and consumption criteria. Observations of the epidermal cells illustrated that PL treatment kept the cell structure intact. The bioactive phytocompounds found in the leaves of pennywort are mainly from the triterpene glycosides (asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid) and are efficiently preserved by the combined treatment applied. In conclusion, the combination of acidic electrolysed water and pulsed light treatment is beneficial in retaining the sensory quality and bioactive compounds in the leaves of Pennywort during storage at 4 ± 1 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti-Zaharah Rosli
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Healthcare and Professional, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Management & Science University (MSU), University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noranizan Mohd Adzahan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-389468392; Fax: +60-389485970
| | - Roselina Karim
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor-Khaizura Mahmud Ab Rashid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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de Araújo JIF, Aires NL, Almeida-Neto FWQ, Marinho MM, Marinho EM, Paula Magalhães E, de Menezes RRPPB, Sampaio TL, Maria Costa Martins A, Teixeira EH, Rafaela Freitas Dotto A, Amaral WD, Teixeira AMR, de Lima-Neto P, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS. Antiproliferative activity on Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain) of the triterpene 3β,6β,16β-trihidroxilup-20 (29)-ene isolated from Combretum leprosum. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12302-12315. [PMID: 34436980 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1970025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease infects approximately seven million people worldwide. Benznidazole is effective only in the acute phase of the disease, with an average cure rate of 80% between acute and recent cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new bioactive substances that can be effective against parasites without causing so many complications to the host. In this study, the triterpene 3β-6β-16β-trihydroxilup-20 (29)-ene (CLF-1) was isolated from Combretum leprosum, and its molecular structure was determined by NMR and infrared spectroscopy. The CLF-1 was also evaluated in vitro and in silico as potential trypanocidal agent against epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain). The CLF-1 demonstrated good results highlighted by lower IC50 (76.0 ± 8.72 µM, 75.1 ± 11.0 µM, and 70.3 ± 45.4 µM) for epimastigotes at 24, 48 and 72 h, and LC50 (71.6 ± 11.6 µM) for trypomastigotes forms. The molecular docking study shows that the CLF-1 was able to interact with important TcGAPDH residues, suggesting that this natural compound may preferentially exert its effect by compromising the glycolytic pathway in T. cruzi. The ADMET study together with the MTT results indicated that the CLF-1 is well-absorbed in the intestine and has low toxicity. Thus, this work adds new evidence that CLF-1 can potentially be used as a candidate for the development of new options for the treatment of Chagas disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ismael F de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - PPGB-Renorbio, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Natália L Aires
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção Farmacêutica e Bioquímica Clínica (LBFBC), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia M Marinho
- Faculdade de Educação, Ciência e Letras de Iguatu, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Iguatu, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle M Marinho
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Paula Magalhães
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção Farmacêutica e Bioquímica Clínica (LBFBC), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ramon R P P B de Menezes
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção Farmacêutica e Bioquímica Clínica (LBFBC), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Tiago L Sampaio
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção Farmacêutica e Bioquímica Clínica (LBFBC), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção Farmacêutica e Bioquímica Clínica (LBFBC), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Edson H Teixeira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biomoléculas (LIBS), Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Rafaela Freitas Dotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Matinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Wanderlei do Amaral
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Magno R Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - PPGB-Renorbio, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Lima-Neto
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel S Marinho
- Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hélcio S Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - PPGB-Renorbio, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Centro de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, Brazil.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Brazil
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23
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Ribeiro B, Erffelinck ML, Lacchini E, Ceulemans E, Colinas M, Williams C, Van Hamme E, De Clercq R, Perassolo M, Goossens A. Corrigendum: Interference between ER stress-related bZIP-type and jasmonate-inducible bHLH-type transcription factors in the regulation of triterpene saponin biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1103943. [PMID: 36561454 PMCID: PMC9767438 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1103943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.903793.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Ribeiro
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Erffelinck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elia Lacchini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evi Ceulemans
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maite Colinas
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Clara Williams
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Rebecca De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Perassolo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnolog´ıa (NANOBIOTEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasUniversidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Motinia N, Ghannadian M, Zolfaghari B, Yazdiniapour Z. Phytochemical Study of Euphorbia turcomanica Boiss. Metabolites 2022; 12. [PMID: 36557238 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The attraction to the Euphorbia genus, with its remarkable diversity in species, is due to its variety of chemical compositions. Euphorbia turcomanica is one of the species of the spurge family growing wildly in Iran. This research aims to investigate the presence of secondary metabolites, specially terpenoid compounds, in terms of structural determination. Samples of E. tucomanica were finely powdered and macerated with acetone/dichloromethane 2:1. Repeated column chromatography using silica gel, MPLC, and HPLC methods followed by the analysis of data obtained from spectroscopic means was carried out to purify and identify the terpenoid constituents. The chemical structures of nine known terpenoids were determined for the first time from E. turcomanica during this study. Loliolide (1), a monoterpene, and eight steroids and triterpenes, including simiarenol (2), isomultiflorenol (3), cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol (4), β-sitosterol (5), cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol (6), 3α, 11α-dihydroxyurs-12-ene (7), 3β, 24β, 25-trihydroxycycloartane (8), and 7α-hydroxystigmasterol (9) were isolated and identified. E. tucomanica, with a rich terpenoid profile, can be one of the valuable and economic sources providing compounds for drug development.
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25
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Braciuliene A, Janulis V, Petrikaite V. The Chemo-Sensitizing Effect of Doxorubicin of Apple Extract-Enriched Triterpenic Complex on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14. [PMID: 36559087 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells' resistance to anticancer drugs represents a major clinical problem and the most important failure of treatment. Combination chemotherapy is more effective than monotherapy due to additive or synergistic effects. The aim of our research was to assess the effects of the combinations of apple extract's triterpenic compounds, individual triterpenic acids, and doxorubicin (DOX) on human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human glioblastoma (U-87) cell lines in 2D and 3D cultures. The effect of the combination of apple extracts, the triterpenic standards, and DOX against HT-29 and U-87 cell viability was tested by the MTT and spheroid growth assays. Cell line HT-29 was more sensitive to DOX when incubated with all tested apple extracts than DOX alone. Cell line HT-29 was the most strongly sensitive to DOX when it was treated with 5 µM oleanolic acid (change of EC50 = -64.6% ± 4.4%) and with 5 µM ursolic acid (change of EC50 = -61.9% ± 8.8%) in 2D culture. Meanwhile, cell line U-87 was the most strongly sensitive to DOX when treated with 2 µM betulinic acid (change of EC50 = -45.1% ± 4.5%) in 2D culture. The combination of apple extract (E3) and DOX reduced the viability of HT-29 spheroids the most (spheroid viability reduced from -19.9% to -10.9%, compared to spheroids treated with DOX alone). Our study in 2D and 3D cultures showed that combining apple extract's triterpenic complexes or individual triterpenic acids with DOX may sensitize chemotherapeutic drugs and increase the cytotoxicity effects in HT-29 and U-87 cell lines.
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26
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da Silva EF, Antunes Fernandes KH, Diedrich D, Gotardi J, Freire Franco MS, Tomich de Paula da Silva CH, Duarte de Souza AP, Baggio Gnoatto SC. New triazole-substituted triterpene derivatives exhibiting anti-RSV activity: synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1524-1531. [PMID: 36447520 PMCID: PMC9663970 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants. Currently, ribavirin, a nucleoside analog containing a 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide moiety, is a first-line drug for its treatment, however, its clinical use has been limited due to its side effects. Here, we designed two new nitroaryl-1,2,3-triazole triterpene derivatives as novel anti-RSV drugs. Their anti-RSV and cytotoxic activity were evaluated in vitro, RSV protein F gene effects by RT-PCR and molecular modeling with inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) were performed. Compound 8 was the best performing compound, with an EC50 value of 0.053 μM, a TI of 11160.37 and it inhibited hRSV protein F gene expression by approximately 65%. Molecular docking showed a top-ranked solution located in the same region occupied by crystallographic ligands in their complex with IMPDH. The results obtained in this study suggest that compound 8 might be a new anti-RSV candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenilson F da Silva
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Krist Helen Antunes Fernandes
- Clinical and Immunology Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denise Diedrich
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jessica Gotardi
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcia Silvana Freire Franco
- Laboratory of Computational Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-020, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Tomich de Paula da Silva
- Laboratory of Computational Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Duarte de Souza
- Clinical and Immunology Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone Cristina Baggio Gnoatto
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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27
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Wei Z, Zhou T, Xia Z, Liu S, Li M, Zhang G, Tian Y, Li B, Wang L, Liu S. Absolute Configuration and Biological Evaluation of Novel Triterpenes as Possible Anti-Inflammatory or Anti-Tumor Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196641. [PMID: 36235179 PMCID: PMC9572544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new compounds, ardisiapunine B (1) and ardisiapunine C (2), were isolated from Ardisia lindleyana D. Dietr. Their structures were examined using HR-ESI-MS, IR, (1D, 2D) NMR spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD calculation. It was found that the two new compounds belong to unusual oleanane-type triterpenes, with compound 1 bearing an acetal unit and a C-13-C-18 double bond, and compound 2 bearing a C-28 aldehyde group and a C-18-C-19 double bond. The anti-inflammatory properties of compounds 1 and 2 were tested on NO production and cellular morphology using RAW264.7 cells, and their anti-tumor properties were tested on cytotoxic activities, cellular morphology, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle. The results showed that compound 1 exhibited a potent cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell lines with an IC50 of 12.40 μM. Furthermore, it is possible that compound 1 inhibits cell proliferation by blocking the cell G2/M phase and promoting cell apoptosis. Compound 2 exhibited a potential anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the production of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Comparative analysis of the structures of compounds 1 and 2 revealed that the acetal structure and double bond positions were the main differences between them, and these are presumed to be the main reasons for the extreme differences in their cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities. From these new findings, two promising lead compounds were identified for the future development of potential anti-inflammatory or anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wei
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tiqiang Zhou
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziming Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Sifan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (S.L.)
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28
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Ribeiro B, Erffelinck ML, Lacchini E, Ceulemans E, Colinas M, Williams C, Van Hamme E, De Clercq R, Perassolo M, Goossens A. Interference between ER stress-related bZIP-type and jasmonate-inducible bHLH-type transcription factors in the regulation of triterpene saponin biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:903793. [PMID: 36247618 PMCID: PMC9562455 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.903793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene saponins (TS) are a structurally diverse group of metabolites that are widely distributed in plants. They primarily serve as defense compounds and their production is often triggered by biotic stresses through signaling cascades that are modulated by phytohormones such as the jasmonates (JA). Two JA-modulated basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs), triterpene saponin biosynthesis activating regulator 1 (TSAR1) and TSAR2, have previously been identified as direct activators of TS biosynthesis in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Here, we report on the involvement of the core endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related basic leucine zipper (bZIP) TFs bZIP17 and bZIP60 in the regulation of TS biosynthesis. Expression and processing of M. truncatula bZIP17 and bZIP60 proteins were altered in roots with perturbed TS biosynthesis or treated with JA. Accordingly, such roots displayed an altered ER network structure. M. truncatula bZIP17 and bZIP60 proteins were shown to localize in the nucleus and appeared to be capable of interfering with the TSAR-mediated transactivation of TS biosynthesis genes. Furthermore, interference between ER stress-related bZIP and JA-modulated bHLH TFs in the regulation of JA-dependent terpene biosynthetic pathways may be widespread in the plant kingdom, as we demonstrate that it also occurs in the regulation of monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Ribeiro
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Erffelinck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elia Lacchini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evi Ceulemans
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maite Colinas
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Clara Williams
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Rebecca De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Perassolo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alain Goossens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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Chuang L, Liu S, Biedermann D, Franke J. Identification of early quassinoid biosynthesis in the invasive tree of heaven ( Ailanthus altissima) confirms evolutionary origin from protolimonoids. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:958138. [PMID: 36082289 PMCID: PMC9445810 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.958138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima (MILL.) SWINGLE, is a globally invasive plant known to secrete allelopathic metabolites called quassinoids. Quassinoids are highly modified triterpenoids. So far, nothing has been known about the biochemical basis of quassinoid biosynthesis. Here, based on transcriptome and metabolome data of Ailanthus altissima, we present the first three steps of quassinoid biosynthesis, which are catalysed by an oxidosqualene cyclase and two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, resulting in the formation of the protolimonoid melianol. Strikingly, these steps are identical to the first steps of the biosynthesis of limonoids, structurally different triterpenoids from sister plant families within the same order Sapindales. Our results are therefore not only important to fully understand the biosynthesis of complex triterpenoids in plants, but also confirm the long-standing hypothesis that quassinoids and limonoids share an evolutionary origin. In addition, our transcriptome data for Ailanthus altissima will be beneficial to other researchers investigating the physiology and ecology of this invasive tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chuang
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Shenyu Liu
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Dave Biedermann
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jakob Franke
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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30
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Langer D, Wicher B, Tykarska E. Single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid isopropyl ester. Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater 2022; 78:450-458. [PMID: 35702962 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520622002517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the destruction of the integrity of the parent crystal, single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition in organic compounds is still a relatively rare phenomenon. The phase transition in glycyrrhetinic acid isopropyl ester is triggered by temperature change. The increasing volume of the isopropyl substituent as a result of increasing temperature forces a remodelling of the structural motifs. These changes cause a single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition. The low-temperature form is isostructural with glycyrrhetinic acid methanol solvate, while the high-temperature phase is isostructural with the ethyl ester of this acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langer
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
| | - Ewa Tykarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
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Butkevičiūtė A, Janulis V, Kviklys D. Triterpene Content in Flesh and Peel of Apples Grown on Different Rootstocks. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1247. [PMID: 35567248 PMCID: PMC9100339 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in rootstock breeding and selection have revolutionized the manner in which apples are grown throughout the world. Fruit tree breeding has typically focused on key horticultural characteristics. Even though agents with health benefits have been investigated more frequently during the recent years, information about the effect of different cultivation factors, such as the rootstock, on triterpene concentration is still lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate triterpene profiles and the quantitative composition of different parts of apple fruit that was grown on 17 various origin and vigor rootstocks. HPLC analyses of triterpenes in apple samples were performed. The highest total content of triterpenes (7.72 ± 0.39 mg/g) was found in peel samples of apples grown on the dwarf rootstock 62-396-B10®. Depending on the rootstock, apple peel samples accumulated 3.52 to 4.74 times more triterpene compounds than apple flesh samples. Ursolic acid was the predominant triterpene compound in apple peel and flesh samples. The highest content of ursolic acid (5.84 ± 0.29 mg/g) was found in peel samples of apples grown on the dwarf rootstock 62-396-B10®. Meanwhile, the lowest amount of ursolic acid (3.25 ± 0.16 mg/g) was found in apple peel samples grown on the dwarf rootstock Cepiland-Pajam®2. A proper match of a cultivar and a rootstock can program a fruit tree to grow larger amounts of higher quality, antioxidant-rich, and high-nutrition-value fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkevičiūtė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Darius Kviklys
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno St. 30, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
- Department of Horticulture, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO Ullensvang, Ullensvangvegen 1005, 5781 Lofthus, Norway
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Darme P, Escotte-Binet S, Cordonnier J, Remy S, Hubert J, Sayagh C, Borie N, Villena I, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L, Dauchez M, Baud S, Renault JH, Aubert D. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii effect of lupane-type triterpenes from the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) and identification of a potential target by reverse docking. Parasite 2022; 29:7. [PMID: 35142606 PMCID: PMC8830292 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2022008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitosis that is generally benign. The infestation may pose a risk to immunocompromized patients and to fetuses when pregnant women have recently seroconverted. Current treatments have numerous side effects and chemoresistance is emerging, hence the need to find new anti-Toxoplasma gondii substances. This study focuses on the antiparasitic potential of lupane-type pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa), as well as the hypothesis of their macromolecular target by an original method of reverse docking. Among the isolated triterpenes, betulone was the most active compound with an IC50 of 2.7 ± 1.2 μM, a CC50 greater than 80 μM, and a selectivity index of over 29.6. An additional study of the anti-T. gondii potential of commercially available compounds (betulonic acid methyl ester and betulonic acid) showed the important role of the C3 ketone function and the C28 oxidation level on the lupane-type triterpene in the antiparasitic activity since their IC50 and CC50 were similar to that of betulone. Finally, the most active compounds were subjected to the AMIDE reverse docking workflow. A dataset of 87 T. gondii proteins from the Protein Data Bank was created. It identified calcium-dependent protein kinase CDPK3 as the most likely target of betulin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Darme
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE EA 7510, 51097 Reims, France - Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | | | - Julien Cordonnier
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE EA 7510, 51097 Reims, France - Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Simon Remy
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE EA 7510, 51097 Reims, France
| | | | - Charlotte Sayagh
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Nicolas Borie
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Isabelle Villena
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE EA 7510, 51097 Reims, France
| | | | - Manuel Dauchez
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, MEDyC UMR 7369, 51093 Reims, France - Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3 M, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Baud
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, MEDyC UMR 7369, 51093 Reims, France - Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, P3 M, 51097 Reims, France
| | | | - Dominique Aubert
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE EA 7510, 51097 Reims, France
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Ogawa K, Nakamura S, Oguri H, Ryu K, Yoneda T, Hosoki R. Effective Search of Triterpenes with Anti-HSV-1 Activity Using a Classification Model by Logistic Regression. Front Chem 2021; 9:763794. [PMID: 34796164 PMCID: PMC8593400 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.763794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are an excellent source of skeletons for medicinal seeds. Triterpenes and saponins are representative natural products that exhibit anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activity. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive information on the anti-HSV-1 activity of triterpenes. Therefore, expanding information on the anti-HSV-1 activity of triterpenes and improving the efficiency of their exploration are urgently required. To improve the efficiency of the development of anti-HSV-1 active compounds, we constructed a predictive model for the anti-HSV-1 activity of triterpenes by using the information obtained from previous studies using machine learning methods. In this study, we constructed a binary classification model (i.e., active or inactive) using a logistic regression algorithm. As a result of the evaluation of predictive model, the accuracy for the test data is 0.79, and the area under the curve (AUC) is 0.86. Additionally, to enrich the information on the anti-HSV-1 activity of triterpenes, a plaque reduction assay was performed on 20 triterpenes. As a result, chikusetsusaponin IVa (11: IC50 = 13.06 μM) was found to have potent anti-HSV-1 with three potentially anti-HSV-1 active triterpenes. The assay result was further used for external validation of predictive model. The prediction of the test compounds in the activity test showed a high accuracy (0.83) and AUC (0.81). We also found that this predictive model was found to be able to successfully narrow down the active compounds. This study provides more information on the anti-HSV-1 activity of triterpenes. Moreover, the predictive model can improve the efficiency of the development of active triterpenes by integrating many previous studies to clarify potential relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ogawa
- Laboratory of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Seikou Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Oguri
- Laboratory of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Kaori Ryu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoneda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rumiko Hosoki
- Laboratory of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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Orango-Bourdette JO, Beniddir MA, Otogo N'Nang E, Gallard JF, Ondo JP, Sima Obiang C, Rharrabti S, Miel C, Denis S, Obame Engonga LC, Le Pogam P. Structure elucidation of a new lanostane triterpene from Gabonese Ganoderma orbiforme fruiting bodies. Magn Reson Chem 2021; 59:1165-1170. [PMID: 34464012 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structure and complete nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assignments of orbifomitellic acid, a novel lanostane triterpene isolated from the fruiting bodies of a Gabonese Ganoderma orbiforme (Polyporaceae), are reported. Within the vast catalogue of lanostanes documented from Ganoderma spp., orbifomitellic acid is the first disclosing a -COOH group at C-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Ornely Orango-Bourdette
- Équipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon
| | - Mehdi A Beniddir
- Équipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elvis Otogo N'Nang
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM) BP 942, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Jean-François Gallard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, ICSN UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joseph Privat Ondo
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon
| | - Cédric Sima Obiang
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon
| | - Somia Rharrabti
- Équipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Corto Miel
- Équipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Stéphanie Denis
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Louis Clément Obame Engonga
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon
| | - Pierre Le Pogam
- Équipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Kumar A, Srivastava P, Srivastava G, Sandeep, Kumar N, Chanotiya CS, Ghosh S. BAHD acetyltransferase contributes to wound-induced biosynthesis of oleo-gum resin triterpenes in Boswellia. Plant J 2021; 107:1403-1419. [PMID: 34165841 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenes (30-carbon isoprene compounds) represent a large and highly diverse class of natural products that play various physiological functions in plants. The triterpene biosynthetic enzymes, particularly those catalyzing the late-stage regio-selective modifications are not well characterized. The bark of select Boswellia trees, e.g., B. serrata exudes specialized oleo-gum resin in response to wounding, which is enriched with boswellic acids (BAs), a unique class of C3α-epimeric pentacyclic triterpenes with medicinal properties. The bark possesses a network of resin secretory structures comprised of vertical and horizontal resin canals, and amount of BAs in bark increases considerably in response to wounding. To investigate BA biosynthetic enzymes, we conducted tissue-specific transcriptome profiling and identified a wound-responsive BAHD acetyltransferase (BsAT1) of B. serrata catalyzing the late-stage C3α-O-acetylation reactions in the BA biosynthetic pathway. BsAT1 catalyzed C3α-O-acetylation of αBA, βBA, and 11-keto-βBA in vitro and in planta assays to produce all the major C3α-O-acetyl-BAs (3-acetyl-αBA, 3-acetyl-βBA, and 3-acetyl-11-keto-βBA) found in B. serrata bark and oleo-gum resin. BsAT1 showed strict specificity for BA scaffold, whereas it did not acetylate the more common C3β-epimeric pentacyclic triterpenes. The analysis of steady-state kinetics using various BAs revealed distinct substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency. BsAT1 transcript expression coincides with increased levels of C3α-O-acetyl-BAs in bark in response to wounding, suggesting a role of BsAT1 in wound-induced biosynthesis of C3α-O-acetyl-BAs. Overall, the results provide new insights into the biosynthesis of principal chemical constituents of Boswellia oleo-gum resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashish Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Payal Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Srivastava
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sandeep
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Chandan S Chanotiya
- Phytochemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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36
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Tram LH, Thu Huong T, Thi Thuy L, Van Thong N, Tuan Anh N, Hoang Minh N, Thu Ha T, Anh Dung D, Thao NP, Thuong PT, Le DD, Hiep ND, Shin HJ. A new triterpenoid from the stems of Kadsura coccinea with antiproliferative activity. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2542-2546. [PMID: 34075849 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1914612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of schiartane C29 nortriterpenoids with 5/5/7/6/5 membered consecutive rings (1‒5) with an unique schinortriterpenoid skeleton including a new, kadcoccilactone V (1), together with four known ones (2‒5) and three known triterpenoids (6‒8) were identified from stems of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Smith. The structures of 1 and known compounds were elucidated by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS data as well as comparing those data in the literature. All the isolated compounds were examined for cytotoxic effects against six human cancer cell lines [(HCT-15 (colon), NUGC-3 (stomach), NCI-H23 (lung), ACHN (renal), PC-3 (prostate), and MDA-MB-231 (breast)]. Among them, compound 6 showed potent cytotoxicity against NCI-H23 (GI50 1.28 µM) and NUGC-3 (GI50 1.28 µM), and significantly inhibited on PC-3, MDA-MB-231, ACHN, HCT-15 with GI50 values around 2.33 to 2.67 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Huyen Tram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Huong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Thuy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Thong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoang Minh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Intellectual Property Office of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao Anh Dung
- Intellectual Property Office of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Phuong Thao
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thien Thuong
- Biotechnology Department, Vietnam - Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Dat Le
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Hiep
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hee Jae Shin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea.,Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, Korea
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Shao CS, Feng N, Zhou S, Zheng XX, Wang P, Zhang JS, Huang Q. Ganoderic acid T improves the radiosensitivity of HeLa cells via converting apoptosis to necroptosis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:531-541. [PMID: 34141167 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural substances derived from traditional Chinese medicine and natural plants as safe radiosensitizing adjuvants is a new trend for cancer radiotherapy. Ganoderma lucidum has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine with a history of more than 2000 years. Ganoderic acid T (GAT) is a typical triterpene of G. lucidum, which has strong cytotoxicity to cancer cells, but whether it has radiation sensitization effect has not been explored. In this work, we treated the HeLa cells with different concentrations of GAT before exposure to gamma-ray radiation and investigated its influence on the radiosensitivity. The cell viability, apoptosis rate, necoptosis rate, intracellular ATP level, cell cycle, the amount of H2AX and 53BP1, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial membrane potential were examined. Apoptotic, necroptotic, and autophagic biomarker proteins, including caspase 8, cytochrome c, caspase 3, RIPK, MLKL, P62, and LC3, were analyzed. As a result, we confirmed that with treatment of GAT, the gamma-ray radiation induced both apoptosis and necroptosis in HeLa cells, and with increase of GAT, the percentage ratio of necroptosis was increased. The involved pathways and mechanisms were also explored and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P. R., China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P. R., China
| | - Xin-Xin Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jing-Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P. R., China
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China
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Abstract
Extensive fractionation of n-hexane extract from the dried powdered-trunks of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner (Rubiaceae) led to the isolation of a new oleanane-skeleton triterpene, coffecanolic acid (1), along with three known analogues sumaresinolic acid (2), oleanolic acid (3), and 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid (4). The chemical structures were elucidated using FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS data analysis. The isolated compounds were assayed for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity by determining their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50, µM). Compounds 1-4 exhibited higher inhibitory activities when compared with acarbose, a positive control. Compound 1 was found to be the most potent molecule against α-glucosidase, with the IC50 = 83.0 ± 1.2 µM, which improved by 2.5-fold over acarbose (IC50 = 209.8 ± 0.3 µM) in this assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Hao Hoang
- Department of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Anh Tuyet Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Van Son Dang
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Nga Vo
- Department of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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39
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Enayati A, Salehi A, Alilou M, Stuppner H, Mirzaei H, Omraninava A, Khori V, Yassa N. Six new triterpenoids from the root of Potentilla reptans and their cardioprotective effects in silico. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2504-2512. [PMID: 33866888 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tormentic acid ester glucosides derivatives (1, 2 and 4), 3-oxoursane ester glycoside (3) and 11-methoxy-ursane ester glycosides (5, 6) as six new triterpenoids, along with catechin were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Potentilla reptans root (Et) methanolic extract. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR, IR and MS spectroscopy. Additionally, isolated triterpenoid compounds (1-6) and catechin were evaluated for their cardioprotective effects via glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and glucocorticoid regulated kinase-1 (SGK1) protein kinase inhibition by Molecular Docking. Compound 1 and catechin (compound 7) exhibited significant inhibitory effects against GSK-3β and SGK1 protein kinases with a binding energy value -9.1 and -8.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Hence, Et can be a suitable natural candidate to protect cardiomyocytes injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Salehi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alilou
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hasan Mirzaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Aghigh Omraninava
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Narguess Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Naraki S, Kakihara M, Kato S, Saga Y, Mannen K, Takase S, Takano A, Shinpo S, Hosouchi T, Nakane T, Suzuki H, Kushiro T. Two Triterpene Synthases from Imperata cylindrica Catalyzing the Formation of a Pair of Diastereoisomers through Boat or Chair Cyclization. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1992-2001. [PMID: 33660881 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Imperata cylindrica is known to produce a pair of triterpenes, isoarborinol and fernenol, that exhibit identical planar structures but possess opposite stereochemistry at six of the nine chiral centers. These differences arise from a boat or a chair cyclization of the B-ring of the substrate. Herein, we report the characterization of three OSC genes from I. cylindrica. IcOSC1 and IcOSC5 were identified as isoarborinol and fernenol synthases, respectively, while IcOSC3 was characterized as a multifunctional enzyme that produces glutinol and friedelin as its major products. Mutational studies of isoarborinol and fernenol synthases revealed that the residues surrounding the DCTAE motif partially affected the conformation of the B-ring during cyclization. Additionally, the IcOSC1-W255H mutant produced the rare triterpene boehmerol. The introduced histidine residue presumably abstracted a proton from the intermediary carbocation at C18 during the 1,2-rearrangement. Expression analysis indicated that all OSC genes were highly expressed in stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Naraki
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Mai Kakihara
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Sayuri Kato
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saga
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Kazuto Mannen
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Shohei Takase
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Akihito Takano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashitamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shinpo
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hosouchi
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Takahisa Nakane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashitamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kushiro
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
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Li RF, Guo QL, Zhu CG, Xu CB, Wei YZ, Cai J, Wang Y, Sun H, Zhang TT, Shi JG. Minor triterpenes from an aqueous extract of the hook-bearing stem of Uncaria rhynchophylla. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2021; 23:307-317. [PMID: 33506714 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1870961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six new triterpenes, uncarinic acids KP (1-6), along with 24 known analogues, were isolated as minor constituents of an aqueous decoction of the hook-bearing stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-teng). By comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, their structures were elucidated as derivatives of olean-12-en-28-oic acid and urs-12-en-28-oic acid with different oxidized forms at C-3, C-6, and/or C-23, respectively. Cell-based preliminary bioassay showed that the (E)-/(Z)-coumaroyloxy and (E)-/(Z)-feruloyloxy units at C-27 of olean-12-en-28-oic acid and urs-12-en-28-oic acid played roles in their bioactivities.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qing-Lan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng-Gen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya-Zi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tian-Tai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Gong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Abstract
Saikosaponin A (SSa) and D (SSd) are typical oleanane-type saponins featuring a unique 13,28-epoxy-ether moiety at D ring of the aglycones, which exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Herein, we report the first synthesis of saikosaponin A/D (1-2) and their natural congeners, including prosaikosaponin F (3), G (4), saikosaponin Y (5), prosaikogenin (6), and clinoposaponin I (7). The present synthesis features ready preparation of the aglycones of high oxidation state from oleanolic acid, regioselective glycosylation to construct the β-(1→3)-linked disaccharide fragment, and efficient gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation to install the glycans on to the aglycones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China;
| | - Bingcheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (B.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Tong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (B.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (B.W.); (T.M.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (B.Y.)
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China; (B.W.); (T.M.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (B.Y.)
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Giacoman-Martínez A, Alarcón-Aguilar FJ, Zamilpa A, Huang F, Romero-Nava R, Román-Ramos R, Almanza-Pérez JC. α-Amyrin induces GLUT4 translocation mediated by AMPK and PPARδ/γ in C2C12 myoblasts. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:935-942. [PMID: 33596122 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α-Amyrin, a natural pentacyclic triterpene, has an antihyperglycemic effect in mice and dual PPARδ/γ action in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and potential in the control of type 2 diabetes (T2D). About 80% of glucose uptake occurs in skeletal muscle cells, playing a significant role in insulin resistance (IR) and T2D. Peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), in particular PPARδ and PPARγ, are involved in the regulation of lipids and carbohydrates and, along with adenosine-monophosphate (AMP) - activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protein kinase B (Akt), are implicated in translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4); however, it is still unknown whether α-amyrin can affect these pathways in skeletal muscle cells. Our objective was to determine the action of α-amyrin in PPARδ, PPARγ, AMPK, and Akt in C2C12 myoblasts. The expression of PPARδ, PPARγ, fatty acid transporter protein (FATP), and GLUT4 was quantified using reverse transcription quantitative PCR and Western blot. α-Amyrin increased these markers along with phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK) but not p-Akt. Molecular docking showed that α-amyrin acts as an AMPK-allosteric activator, and may be related to GLUT4 translocation, as evidenced by confocal microscopy. These data support that α-amyrin could have an insulin-mimetic action in C2C12 myoblasts and should be considered as a bioactive molecule for new multitarget drugs with utility in T2D and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Giacoman-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.,Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Javier Alarcón-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Departamento de Fitoquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos, México
| | - Fengyang Huang
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rodrigo Romero-Nava
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.,Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Laboratorio de Señalización Intracelular, Sección de Posgrado, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rubén Román-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio César Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
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Matsuo Y, Yamashiro A, Ootomo K, Nakagawa M, Tsuchihashi H, Inaba N, Mimaki Y. Chemical Constituents of the Bulbs of Scilla peruviana and Their Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1262. [PMID: 33514028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scilla species are used as medicinal plants and contain lanosterol-type triterpene glycosides. The phytochemical investigation of the bulbs of Scilla peruviana led to the isolation of 17 compounds, including three new rearranged pentacyclic-lanosterol glycosides (1–3) and two new homoisoflavanone glycosides (12 and 13). The structures of the undescribed compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional (2D) NMR. Among the triterpene glycosides, 2, 3, and 6 showed significant pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The oral administration of scillascilloside D-2 (6) reduced serum triglyceride levels in a dose-dependent manner in soybean oil-loaded mice.
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Choi HS, Han JY, Cheong EJ, Choi YE. Characterization of a Pentacyclic Triterpene Acetyltransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Taraxasterol and ψ-Taraxasterol Acetates in Lettuce. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:788356. [PMID: 35046976 PMCID: PMC8762322 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.788356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoids exist in a free state and/or in conjugated states, such as triterpene glycosides (saponins) or triterpene esters. There is no information on the enzyme participating in the production of triterpene esters from free triterpenes. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) contains various pentacyclic triterpene acetates (taraxasterol acetates, ψ-taraxasterol acetates, taraxerol acetates, lupeol acetates, α-amyrin acetates, β-amyrin acetates, and germanicol acetate). In this study, we report a novel triterpene acetyltransferase (LsTAT1) in lettuce involved in the biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpene acetates from free triterpenes. The deduced amino acid sequences of LsTAT1 showed a phylogenetic relationship (43% identity) with those of sterol O-acyltransferase (AtSAT1) of Arabidopsis thaliana and had catalytic amino acid residues (Asn and His) that are typically conserved in membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) family proteins. An analysis of LsTAT1 enzyme activity in a cell-free system revealed that the enzyme exhibited activity for the acetylation of taraxasterol, ψ-taraxasterol, β-amyrin, α-amyrin, lupeol, and taraxerol using acetyl-CoA as an acyl donor but no activity for triterpene acylation using a fatty acyl donor. Lettuce oxidosqualene cyclase (LsOSC1) is a triterpene synthase that produces ψ-taraxasterol, taraxasterol, β-amyrin and α-amyrin. The ectopic expression of both the LsOSC1 and LsTAT1 genes in yeast and tobacco could produce taraxasterol acetate, ψ-taraxasterol acetate, β-amyrin acetate, and α-amyrin acetate. However, expression of the LsTAT1 gene in tobacco was unable to induce the conversion of intrinsic sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol) to sterol acetates. The results demonstrate that the LsTAT1 enzyme is a new class of acetyltransferase belong to the MBOAT family that have a particular role in the acetylation of pentacyclic triterpenes and are thus functionally different from sterol acyltransferase conjugating fatty acyl esters.
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Patocka J, Bhardwaj K, Klimova B, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Landi M, Kuca K, Valis M, Wu W. Malus domestica: A Review on Nutritional Features, Chemical Composition, Traditional and Medicinal Value. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1408. [PMID: 33105724 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fruit-derived bioactive substances have been spotlighted as a regulator against various diseases due to their fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. Among the most frequently consumed fruits, apple is a rich source of nutritional molecules and contains high levels of bioactive compounds. The main structural classes of apple constituents include polyphenols, polysaccharides (pectin), phytosterols, and pentacyclic triterpenes. Also, vitamins and trace elements complete the nutritional features of apple fruit. There is now considerable scientific evidence that these bioactive substances present in apple and peel have the potential to improve human health, for example contributing to preventing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammation, and cancer. This review will focus on the current knowledge of bioactive substances in apple and their medicinal value for human health.
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Castellano JM, Espinosa JM, Perona JS. Modulation of Lipid Transport and Adipose Tissue Deposition by Small Lipophilic Compounds. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:555359. [PMID: 33163484 PMCID: PMC7591460 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.555359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small lipophilic molecules present in foods of plant origin have relevant biological activities at rather low concentrations. Evidence suggests that phytosterols, carotenoids, terpenoids, and tocopherols can interact with different metabolic pathways, exerting beneficial effects against a number of metabolic diseases. These small molecules can modulate triacylglycerol absorption in the intestine and the biosynthesis of chylomicrons, the lipid carriers in the blood. Once in the bloodstream, they can impact lipoprotein clearance from blood, thereby affecting fatty acid release, incorporation into adipocytes and triglyceride reassembling and deposit. Consequently, some of these molecules can regulate pathophysiological processes associated to obesity and its related conditions, such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes. The protective capacity of some lipophilic small molecules on oxidative and chemotoxic stress, can modify the expression of key genes in the adaptive cellular response, such as transcription factors, contributing to prevent the inflammatory status of adipose tissue. These small lipophilic compounds can be incorporated into diet as natural parts of food but they can also be employed to supplement other dietary and pharmacologic products as nutraceuticals, exerting protective effects against the development of metabolic diseases in which inflammation is involved. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the influence of dietary lipophilic small biomolecules (phytosterols, carotenoids, tocopherols, and triterpenes) on lipid transport, as well as on the effects they may have on pathophysiological metabolic states, related to obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation, providing an evidence-based summary of their main beneficial effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Castellano
- Group of Bioactive Compounds, Nutrition and Health, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan M Espinosa
- Group of Bioactive Compounds, Nutrition and Health, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier S Perona
- Group of Bioactive Compounds, Nutrition and Health, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
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Abstract
Four new triterpene glucosides (1-4) were isolated from the 90% ethanol extract of Salacia cochinchinensis, together with five known compounds (5-9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS, IR, 1 D and 2 D NMR analysis. All isolates were assayed for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compound 9 showed remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.31 μM, and the triterpene glycosides (1-5) exhibited moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Kun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-E Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun-Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Ting Fan
- Department of Pharmceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Dai
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Hlophe NB, Opoku AR, Osunsanmi FO, Djarova-Daniels TG, Lawal OA, Mosa RA. A Lanosteryl Triterpene (RA-3) Exhibits Antihyperuricemic and Nephroprotective Effects in Rats. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174010. [PMID: 32887389 PMCID: PMC7504802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the global health threat posed by kidney disease burden, a search for new nephroprotective drugs from our local flora could prove a powerful strategy to respond to this health threat. In this study we investigated the antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective potential of RA-3, a plant-derived lanosteryl triterpene. The antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective effect of RA-3 was investigated using the adenine and gentamicin induced hyperuricemic and nephrotoxicity rat model. Following the induction of hyperuricemia and nephrotoxicity, the experimental model rats (Sprague Dawley) were orally administered with RA-3 at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, daily for 14 days. Treatment of the experimental rats with RA-3, especially at 100 mg/kg, effectively lowered the serum renal dysfunction (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) and hyperuricemic (uric acid and xanthine oxidase) biomarkers. These were accompanied by increased antioxidant status with decrease in malondialdehyde content. A much improved histomorphological structure of the kidney tissues was also observed in the triterpene treated groups when compared to the model control group. It is evident that RA-3 possesses the antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective properties, which could be vital for prevention and amelioration of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomadlozi Blessings Hlophe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.B.H.); (A.R.O.); (T.G.D.-D.)
| | - Andrew Rowland Opoku
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.B.H.); (A.R.O.); (T.G.D.-D.)
| | | | - Trayana Georgieva Djarova-Daniels
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.B.H.); (A.R.O.); (T.G.D.-D.)
| | | | - Rebamang Anthony Mosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Division of Biochemistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-420-2906
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Pereira Beserra F, Sérgio Gushiken LF, Vieira AJ, Augusto Bérgamo D, Luísa Bérgamo P, Oliveira de Souza M, Alberto Hussni C, Kiomi Takahira R, Henrique Nóbrega R, Monteiro Martinez ER, John Jackson C, Lemos de Azevedo Maia G, Leite Rozza A, Helena Pellizzon C. From Inflammation to Cutaneous Repair: Topical Application of Lupeol Improves Skin Wound Healing in Rats by Modulating the Cytokine Levels, NF-κB, Ki-67, Growth Factor Expression, and Distribution of Collagen Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144952. [PMID: 32668794 PMCID: PMC7404060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a highly complex event that involves different mediators at the cellular and molecular level. Lupeol has been reported to possess different biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and in vitro wound healing properties, which motivated us to proceed with in vivo studies. We aimed to investigate the wound healing effect of lupeol-based cream for 3, 7, and 14 days. Wound excisions were induced on the thoraco-lumbar region of rats and topically treated immediately after injury induction. Macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and gene expression was evaluated by real-time RT-qPCR. Our results showed a strong wound-healing effect of lupeol-based cream after 7 and 14 days. Lupeol treatment caused a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6) and gene and protein NF-κB expression, and positively altered IL-10 levels, showing anti-inflammatory effects in the three treatment periods. Lupeol treatment showed involvement in the proliferative phase by stimulating the formation of new blood vessels, increasing the immunostaining of Ki-67 and gene expression, and immunolabeling of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), and increasing gene expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) after seven days of treatment. Lupeol was also involved in the tissue regeneration phase by increasing the synthesis of collagen fibers noted in the three treatment periods analyzed. Our findings suggest that lupeol may serve as a novel therapeutic option to treat cutaneous wounds by regulating mechanisms involved in the inflammatory, proliferative, and tissue-remodeling phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pereira Beserra
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucas Fernando Sérgio Gushiken
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Ana Júlia Vieira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Danilo Augusto Bérgamo
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Patrícia Luísa Bérgamo
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Mariana Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Hussni
- Department of Surgery and Veterinary Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Regina Kiomi Takahira
- Department of Clinics Veterinary, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Emanuel Ricardo Monteiro Martinez
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Christopher John Jackson
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonard, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia;
| | | | - Ariane Leite Rozza
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
| | - Cláudia Helena Pellizzon
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.S.G.); (A.J.V.); (D.A.B.); (P.L.B.); (M.O.d.S.); (R.H.N.); (E.R.M.M.); (A.L.R.); (C.H.P.)
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