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Hofmann D, Thiele B, Siebers M, Rahmati M, Schütz V, Jeong S, Cui J, Bigler L, Held F, Wu B, Babic N, Kovacic F, Hamacher J, Hölzl G, Dörmann P, Schulz M. Implications of Below-Ground Allelopathic Interactions of Camelina sativa and Microorganisms for Phosphate Availability and Habitat Maintenance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2815. [PMID: 37570969 PMCID: PMC10421311 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxic breakdown products of young Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, glucosinolates can eliminate microorganisms in the soil. Since microorganisms are essential for phosphate cycling, only insensitive microorganisms with phosphate-solubilizing activity can improve C. sativa's phosphate supply. In this study, 33P-labeled phosphate, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and pot experiments unveiled that not only Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas laurentiana used as phosphate-solubilizing inoculants, but also intrinsic soil microorganisms, including Penicillium aurantiogriseum, and the assemblies of root-colonizing microorganisms solubilized as well phosphate from apatite, trigger off competitive behavior between the organisms. Driving factors in the competitiveness are plant and microbial secondary metabolites, while glucosinolates of Camelina and their breakdown products are regarded as key compounds that inhibit the pathogen P. aurantiogriseum, but also seem to impede root colonization of T. viride. On the other hand, fungal diketopiperazine combined with glucosinolates is fatal to Camelina. The results may contribute to explain the contradictory effects of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms when used as biofertilizers. Further studies will elucidate impacts of released secondary metabolites on coexisting microorganisms and plants under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hofmann
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Björn Thiele
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Meike Siebers
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Mehdi Rahmati
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
- Department of Soil Science and Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 83111-55181, Iran
| | - Vadim Schütz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Seungwoo Jeong
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Jiaxin Cui
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Laurent Bigler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (L.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Federico Held
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (L.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Bei Wu
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (D.H.); (B.T.); (M.R.); (B.W.)
| | - Nikolina Babic
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany (F.K.)
| | - Filip Kovacic
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany (F.K.)
| | - Joachim Hamacher
- Plant Diseases and Crop Protection, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Georg Hölzl
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Peter Dörmann
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Margot Schulz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany (V.S.); (G.H.); (P.D.)
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Bioactive Nitrosylated and Nitrated N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetamides and Derived Oligomers: An Alternative Pathway to 2-Amidophenol-Derived Phytotoxic Metabolites. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154786. [PMID: 35897961 PMCID: PMC9330447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Incubation of Aminobacter aminovorans, Paenibacillus polymyxa, and Arthrobacter MPI764 with the microbial 2-benzoxazolinone (BOA)-degradation-product 2-acetamido-phenol, produced from 2-aminophenol, led to the recently identified N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide, to the hitherto unknown N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrosophenyl)acetamide, and to N-(2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide. As an alternative to the formation of phenoxazinone derived from aminophenol, dimers- and trimers-transformation products have been found. Identification of the compounds was carried out by LC/HRMS and MS/MS and, for the new structure N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrosophenyl)acetamide, additionally by 1D- and 2D-NMR. Incubation of microorganisms, such as the soil bacteria Pseudomonas laurentiana, Arthrobacter MPI763, the yeast Papiliotrema baii and Pantoea ananatis, and the plants Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L. (kohlrabi) and Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, with N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide, led to its glucoside derivative as a prominent detoxification product; in the case of Pantoea ananatis, this was together with the corresponding glucoside succinic acid ester. In contrast, Actinomucor elegans consortium synthesized 2-acetamido-4-nitrophenyl sulfate. 1 mM bioactive N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide elicits alterations in the Arabidopsis thaliana expression profile of several genes. The most responsive upregulated gene was pathogen-inducible terpene synthase TPS04. The bioactivity of the compound is rapidly annihilated by glucosylation.
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