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Zhou J, Yang H, Li Q, Li W, Liu Y. Comparison of temporomandibular joints in relation to ages and vertical facial types in skeletal class II female patients: a multiple-cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:467. [PMID: 38632555 PMCID: PMC11022430 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is closely related to the dynamic balance and stability of mandibular function and orthodontic treatment. Skeletal class II female patients are thought to be at high risk for TMJ disease. The relationship between the TMJ and craniofacial structures is still controversial. This study compared the morphology and position of the TMJ in skeletal class II adolescents and adults with various vertical facial types using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 117 skeletal class II patients were divided into three groups according to the FH-GoGn angle (hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent), with 40 class I normodivergent patients serving as controls. Each group contained two age subgroups (adolescents: 11-14 years old, adults: 18-35 years old). The size (condylar length, height, long and short axis diameter, glenoid fossa width and depth) and shape (condylar neck inclination, condylar head angle and long axis angle, articular eminence inclination) of the condyle and fossa, joint space (anterior, superior, posterior, mesial and lateral), and position of the fossa (vertical, transverse, and anteroposterior distance) and condyle were measured and compared using CBCT. RESULTS Class II hypodivergent patients exhibited the greatest condylar length, height, and long- and short-axis diameter; steepest articular eminence; deepest fossa depth; largest superior, mesial and lateral joint spaces; and highest fossa position in both age groups. The manifestations of class II hyperdivergent patients were mostly the opposite. In adults, except for the condylar long axis angle, the measurements of the condyle increased differently among skeletal patterns, while the measurements of the fossa decreased, as the joint spaces and fossa position remained approximately stable compared with those in adolescents. CONCLUSION The vertical skeletal pattern, rather than the class II sagittal skeletal pattern, may be the main factor affecting the morphology and position of the TMJ. Attention should be given to the TMJ area in hyperdivergent patients with a relatively poor-fit condyle-fossa relationship. The changes in the TMJ with age were mainly morphological rather than positional and varied with skeletal pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Tabatabaei S, Paknahad M, Poostforoosh M. The effect of tooth loss on the temporomandibular joint space: A CBCT study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e845. [PMID: 38345478 PMCID: PMC10826233 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The tooth loss has a significant impact on the positioning of the condyle in the glenoid fossa and joint spaces of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim of this study was to assess the association between tooth loss and TMJ spaces using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective investigation involved the evaluation of CBCT images of the bilateral TMJs in a cohort of 111 individuals, comprising 68 males and 43 women. The dentition of the patients was categorized into three categories, including A (65.4%), B (19.1%), and C (16.4%), based on the Eichner index. Anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces were then measured in sagittal views. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were employed to identify significant differences among the three Eichner groups. RESULTS The findings of the present study suggested that there was no statistically significant variation in the anterior joint space among different Eichner groups within the general population (p = .781). Nevertheless, the superior and posterior joint spaces exhibited statistically significant alterations, as indicated by p-values of .039 and .010, respectively. It was detected that condyles were positioned inferiorly and posteriorly in group C when compared to groups A and B. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that greater loss of tooth-supporting zones is associated with posterior and inferior displacement of condyles. Understanding these relationships helps emphasize how crucial it is to replace missing teeth to enhance occlusion support and, in turn, stop the progression and further deterioration of temporomandibular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Tabatabaei
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mahdi Poostforoosh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Chen Y, Li L, Li Y, Luo N, Dai H, Zhou J. Comprehensive positional and morphological assessments of the temporomandibular joint in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion: a retrospective CBCT study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:78. [PMID: 36750919 PMCID: PMC9903422 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion remain unclear. Therefore, this study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the position and morphology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion. METHODS In this cross-sectional retrospective study, CBCT images from 90 adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion and 30 controls were analysed. Adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion were divided into different groups based on (1) sex (male and female), (2) sides (right and left), (3) age (early, middle, and late adolescence), and (4) vertical skeletal patterns (hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent). Morphology of the condyle and fossa as well as condylar position, was compared among groups. Data were collected and submitted for statistical analysis. This study adheres to STROBE guidelines. RESULTS Regarding the intergroup comparisons, there were significant differences in TMJ position and morphology between the skeletal Class III malocclusion with different vertical skeletal patterns and control groups (P < 0.05). Within groups, condyle-fossa relationships differed significantly according to sex, age, and vertical skeletal patterns (P < 0.05); however, the mean values were not statistically different between left and right sides in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings can be used clinically and radiographically to evaluate the condyle and glenoid fossa features in adolescents with skeletal Class III malocclusion, providing a basis for better TMD diagnosis and orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Chen
- grid.459985.cStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfeng Li
- grid.459985.cStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.459985.cStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Luo
- grid.459985.cStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwei Dai
- grid.459985.cStomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426, Songshi North Road, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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Radej I, Dargiewicz E, Sawczuk-Siemieniuk M, Ferrando Cascales R, Ferrando Cascales Á, Agustín-Panadero R, Szarmach I. The Role of Maxillofacial Structure and Malocclusion on Condylar Displacement in Maximum Intercuspation and Centric Relation in Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment-A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020689. [PMID: 36675620 PMCID: PMC9863588 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available knowledge about malocclusion and cephalometric variables and their connection with an increased risk of condylar displacement (CD) is scarce. This article aims to present current information on the relationship between centric relation-maximum intercuspal position discrepancies and maxillofacial morphology and malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment as well as to identify those who require expanded diagnostic evaluation for this disorder. METHODS This review analyzed the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases up to February 2022. Keywords and additional manual searches were performed. Literature selection was based the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The JBI Critical Appraisal Tool assessed the methodological quality of included studies. RESULTS The databases search provided 2321 studies. A total of 10 studies were included in this review after eligibility criteria and JBI assessment. This review was separated into five parts that evaluated CD correlations depending on the following: maxillofacial structure in different vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns, vertical, horizontal, and transverse malocclusions. CONCLUSIONS A hyperdivergent facial skeletal structure is a risk factor for increased CD, particularly in the vertical dimension. The condylar processes are usually displaced in a posteroinferior direction. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the relationship among remaining skeletal and dental malocclusions and the occurrence of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Radej
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Dargiewicz
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Raúl Ferrando Cascales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Antonio de Murcia Catholic University (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ferrando Cascales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Antonio de Murcia Catholic University (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rubén Agustín-Panadero
- Prosthodontic and Occlusion Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Izabela Szarmach
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
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Paknahad M, Shahidi S, Abbasi R, Paknahad M. Evaluation of the Prevalence of Atherosclerosis Within the Course of Internal Carotid Artery in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:5242-5251. [PMID: 36742500 PMCID: PMC9895759 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-020-01958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the gender-related and age-related prevalence and severity of calcifications within the segments of the internal carotid artery in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). By using a documented visual scale, out of 400 CBCT examinations a total of 304 CBCT scans of adult patients over 40 years old were evaluated as to the prevalence and severity of intracranial calcifications within the segments of the internal carotid artery. Calcifications were found in 117 CBCT scans. These calcifications were detected along the extracranial (C1: 53%), petrous (C2: 22.2%), Lacerum (C3:27%), cavernous (C4: 94%), and ophthalmic-clinoid (C5/C6: 65%) segments. The Friedman test showed significant differences in the severity of calcifications among the internal carotid artery segments. The McNemar test showed no significant differences between calcifications on the right or left side segments. The Chi square test showed no significant differences in the prevalence of calcifications between men and women; it also showed that the prevalence of calcifications increased with increase in age (P < 0.05). In this study, the frequency and severity of calcifications decreased throughout the C4, C5/C6, and C1 segments in a descending order; moreover, an increased incidence of calcifications by increase in age was documented irrespective of gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Street, Shiraz, 7144833586 Iran
| | - Shoaleh Shahidi
- Biomaterials Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roshanak Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Paknahad
- Radiology Department, Medical School, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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Hu H, Lin W, Wu J, Xu H. Research on the correlation between the size of condyle and occlusion plane in skeletal Class II malocclusions. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1547-1554. [PMID: 36226743 PMCID: PMC9760136 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the morphological structure of condyle and occlusal plane in skeletal Class II malocclusions by imaging measurement. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 65 skeletal Class II adult patients (18-35 years old) who met the criteria, and all were taken with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images (skeletal Class II high angle 38 cases, average angle 18 cases, and low angle nine cases). The statistical methods of mean standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and analysis of variance were used to study the correlation between the size of the condyle and occlusal plane in skeletal Class II malocclusion. RESULTS The FMA and SN-OP between the groups in skeletal Class II malocclusion are considered statistically significant, p < .05 high angle group > average angle group > low angle group, whereas there are significant correlations between FMA, FH-OP, SN-OP, and the medial-lateral diameter (MLD) of the condyle, p < .05, showing a negative correlation. The anteroposterior diameter of the condyle has no significant correlation with these angles, and the high-angle group size is smaller than the other groups. CONCLUSION In patients with skeletal Class II high angle malocclusion, the MLD and anteroposterior diameters of condyle were smaller than those of average angle and low angle groups, and negatively correlated with the FMA and SN-OP. That is the steeper occlusal plane, the smaller MLD of the condyle. It suggests whether orthodontists can promote the stability of the morphological structure of the condyle by changing the inclination of the occlusal plane during the orthodontic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Qujing First People's HospitalQujing Hospital affiliated to Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina,Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University, School of MedicineShanghaiChina,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wanrong Lin
- Department of Public Health in EpidemiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth Peoples's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University, School of MedicineShanghaiChina,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haisong Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
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Izadparast Y, Shahidi S, Paknahad M, Moradi A. Feasibility of CBCT in Diagnosing Otosclerosis by Measuring CBCT Bone Density: A Preliminary Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:322-328. [PMID: 36213485 PMCID: PMC9535058 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) derived bone density of 6 anatomic points around the otic capsule in preoperative assessment of patients with clinically suspected otosclerosis, and to compare these densities with control group. CBCT images of 21 patients (34 ears, the otosclerosis group) with surgically confirmed otosclerosis and 26 patients (52 normal ears, the control group) were evaluated in this prospective study. Six regions of interest (ROI) were set manually around the otic capsule with the slice thickness of 0.3 mm. The mean CBCT bone density these regions were measured and compared in the case and control groups. In the case group, the mean CBCT bone density at the fissula ante fenestram (FAF) was significantly lower than the control group. Moreover, at the 4 points of the other ROIs (3-6) CBCT bone densities were significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). In this group, among 13 bilateral otosclerosis, 22 ears had conductive hearing loss (CHL), 4 ears had mixed hearing loss (MHL) and among 8 unilateral otosclerosis, 5 ears had CHL, 3 ears had MHL. Our study showed the mean CBCT bone density of ROIs 1 and 6 were correlated with the average air-bone gap in the bilateral and unilateral otosclerosis group, respectively. Quantitative evaluation of CBCT with a slice thickness of 0.3 mm can be used as a suitable tool for diagnosis and follow-up of otosclerosis in temporal bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Izadparast
- Otolaryngology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shoaleh Shahidi
- Biomaterials Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anis Moradi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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TMJ Position in Symmetric Dentofacial Deformity. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133631. [PMID: 35806915 PMCID: PMC9267339 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze the facial class, presence of malocclusion, and the mandibular plane and to relate this to the mandibular condyle position. A cross-sectional study in subjects under analysis for orthognathic surgery was done. The mandibular plane, the gonial angle, and the molar class were included to compare the coronal and sagittal position of the condyle and the joint space observed in the CBCT. The measurements were obtained by the same observer at an interval of two weeks. In addition, the Spearman test was performed to determine the correlation using a p value < 0.05 to observe any significant differences. Eighty-nine male and female subjects (18 to 58 years old, 24.6 ± 10.5) were included. In the coronal section, subjects with CIII had a greater mediolateral distance (MLD, p = 0.0001) and greater vertical distance (SID, p = 0.0001) than subjects with CII. In terms of the skeletal class and the mandibular plane, it was observed that subjects in the CII group had a greater mandibular angle (open angle) (p = 0.04) than the CII group and was related to the anterior position of the condyle. The most anterior condylar position was observed in the CII group (p = 0.03), whereas a posterior condylar position was significant in CIII subjects (p = 0.03). We can conclude that the sagittal position of the TMJ was related to the mandibular plane and the skeletal class showing a higher mandibular angle and most anterior position of the condyle in CII subjects and a lower mandibular angle and most posterior position of the condyle in CIII subjects. The implications for surgical treatment have to be considered.
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Al-Hadad SA, ALyafrusee ES, Abdulqader AA, Al-Gumaei WS, Al-Mohana RAAM, Ren L. Comprehensive three-dimensional positional and morphological assessment of the temporomandibular joint in skeletal Class II patients with mandibular retrognathism in different vertical skeletal patterns. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:149. [PMID: 35484618 PMCID: PMC9052647 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only a few studies have used 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis to evaluate the positional and morphological characteristics of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adults with skeletal Class II. No studies have focused on the case of skeletal Class II with mandibular retrognathism in different vertical skeletal patterns. As a result, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the position and morphology of TMJ in adults with skeletal Class II with mandibular retrognathism in different vertical skeletal patterns to the position and morphology of TMJ in the normal Chinese adult population in three dimensions. Methods This retrospective study analyzed CBCT images of 80 adult patients. Subjects with skeletal Class II with a normal sagittal position of the maxilla and mandibular retrognathism were classified according to the mandibular angle and facial height ratio into three groups of 20 subjects each: hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups, as well as a control group of 20 subjects. The following 3D measurements of TMJ were evaluated: (1) position, parameters, and inclination of the mandibular fossa; (2) position, parameters, and inclination of the mandibular condyle; (3) condyle centralization in their respective mandibular fossae; (4) anterior, posterior, superior, and medial joint spaces; and (5) 3D volumetric measurements of the TMJ spaces. Measurements were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Significant differences were found in the hyperdivergent and hypodivergent groups compared with the normal group in the vertical and anteroposterior mandibular fossa position, vertical condylar inclination, and condylar width and length. The hyperdivergent group showed the significantly highest condylar inclination with the midsagittal plane; anterior and superior positioning of the condyle; smallest anterior, superior, and medial joint spaces; and largest volumetric total joint space relative to the two other groups. Conclusions The condyle-fossa position and morphology differ with various vertical facial patterns in individuals with skeletal Class II mandibular retrognathism. These differences could be considered during TMD diagnosis and orthodontic treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02174-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ahmed Al-Hadad
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Enas Senan ALyafrusee
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen
| | - Abbas Ahmed Abdulqader
- Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Rana A A M Al-Mohana
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Liling Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Paknahad M, Dokohaki S, Khojastepour L, Shahidi S, Haghnegahdar A. A Radio-Odontometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in First Molars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2022; 43:46-51. [PMID: 34999601 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Different techniques for sex prediction are developed and used in the forensic medicine field. One of these methods is based on the teeth morphometry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of sex determination of the maxillary and mandibular first molar teeth in cone beam computed tomography images. METHOD AND MATERIALS This study was carried out on cone beam computed tomography images of 100 men and 100 women with a mean age of 21.28 ± 2.47 years. The roof, floor and height of pulp chamber, as well as marginal enamel thickness and dentin thickness at the height of contour, tooth width, and crown length were measured. Student t test and discriminant analysis were applied to assess the differences in the measured parameters between men and women. RESULTS According to the present study, the maxillary first molar was more dimorphic than the mandibular teeth. The accuracy of sex identification of mandibular and maxillary first molar tooth was 84% and 77%, respectively. The mesiodistal measured variables were more accurate in sexual differentiation than the buccolingual ones. For sex differentiation, the most dominant variables for maxillary and mandibular first molar teeth were crown height and dentin thickness, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The first molar tooth showed an acceptable level of sex determination accuracy based on the odontometric measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Dokohaki
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Khojastepour
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shoaleh Shahidi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Assessment of the Morphology and Degenerative Changes in the Temporomandibular Joint Using CBCT according to the Orthodontic Approach: A Scoping Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6863014. [PMID: 35155678 PMCID: PMC8826117 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6863014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Available knowledge about disorders of temporomandibular joint structures and their association with orthodontic variables are still lacking. Objectives. This article is aimed at to identifying studies and presenting current information on the relationship between morphology diversity and the occurrence of degenerative changes in structures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) assessed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the context of craniofacial morphology and malocclusion. Search Methods. The review was conducted by analyzing the PubMed (including Medline), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases up to November 2021 using two different comprehensive search strategies based on keywords as well as additional manual searches. Eligibility Criteria. Selection of the literature was carried out according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Results. The electronic databases search revealed 3331 records. After applying the eligibility criteria and JBI assessment, a total of 33 studies were extracted and selected to the study. The review was divided into 4 parts, in which the following correlations were assessed in terms of orthodontic variables: TMJ degenerative changes, joint space and condylar position, condylar shape, TMJ articular eminence, and fossa. Conclusions. Skeletal and dental class II malocclusion with a retrognathic mandible, a hypodivergent skeletal pattern with a steep mandibular plane, and significant lateral mandibular displacement can be risk factors for developing radiographically detectable degenerative changes. Patients with skeletal and dental class III malocclusion as well as a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern may be at greater risk of TMD occurrence compared with other groups. Further studies are necessary to clarify the relationship between the position of the condylar processes and the presence of degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joints among orthodontic patients.
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Esmaeilyfard R, Samanipour A, Paknahad M. A cloud-fog software architecture for dental CBCT dose monitoring using the DICOM structured report: Automated establishment of DRL. Phys Med 2021; 89:147-150. [PMID: 34365119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The diagnostic reference level (DRL) has been established to optimize the diagnostic methods and reduce radiation dose during radiographic examinations. The aim of this study was to present a completely new solution based on Cloud-Fog software architecture for automatic establishment of the DRL values during dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) according to digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) structured reports. METHODS AND MATERIALS A Cloud-Fog software architecture was used for automatic data handling. This architecture used the DICOM structured reports as a source for extracting the required information by fog devices in the imaging center. These devices transferred the derived information to the cloud server. The cloud server calculated the value of indication-based DRL in dental CBCT imaging based upon the parameters and adequate quantities of the absorbed dose. The feedback of DRL value was continuously announced to the imaging centers in 6 phases. In each phase, the level of the dose was optimized in imaging centers. RESULTS The DRL value was established for 5-specific indications, including third molar teeth (511 mGy.cm2), implant (719 mGy.cm2), form and position anomalies of the tooth (408 mGy.cm2), dentoalveolar pathologies (612 mGy.cm2), and endodontics (632 mGy.cm2). The determination of the DRL value in each phase revealed a downward trend until stabilization. CONCLUSION The new solution presented in this study makes it possible to calculate and update the DRL value nationally and automatically among all centers. Also, the results showed that this approach is successful in establishing stabilized DRL values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Esmaeilyfard
- Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran; Health Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Samanipour
- Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Paknahad M, Pourzal A, Mahjoori-Ghasrodashti M, Khojastepour L. Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Characteristics in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:589-594. [PMID: 34151601 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211023239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The detection of anatomical variation impairments in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) is crucial in combined orthodontic and maxillofacial surgical treatments. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the anatomical maxillary sinus characteristics, nasal septum deviation (NSD), and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus in patients with CLP using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). DESIGN The CBCT images were classified into 3 groups of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP; n = 40), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP; n=14), and noncleft (control; n = 54). Subsequently, the maxillary sinus linear dimensions were assessed. Height, width, depth, infundibulum height, and ostium width were assessed as quantitative measures, whereas nasal septum deviation and mucosal thickening were assessed as qualitative measures. One-way analysis of variance and χ2 tests were utilized to identify any significant differences among the groups regarding the aforementioned variables. RESULTS Significant differences were observed among the groups regarding maxillary sinus height and depth, NSD, and mucosal thickening. Moreover, UCLP and BCLP groups showed higher incidence of NSD and mucosal thickening. However, the size of maxillary sinus height and depth was lower in the UCLP and BCLP groups. CONCLUSION The results showed that BCLP and UCLP groups obtained lower maxillary sinus height and depth compared to the control group. On the other hand, incidence of the NSD and mucosal thickening was significantly higher in UCLP and BCLP groups than those in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Pourzal
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Leila Khojastepour
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Moscagiuri F, Caroccia F, Lopes C, Di Carlo B, Di Maria E, Festa F, D’Attilio M. Evaluation of Articular Eminence Inclination in Normo-Divergent Subjects with Different Skeletal Classes through CBCT. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115992. [PMID: 34204929 PMCID: PMC8199764 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) We aimed to compare articular eminence inclination (AEI) in normo-divergent subjects (SN^GoGn = 32° ± 5°), with different anteroposterior sagittal skeletal classes through a cone beam computed generated tomography (CBCT). (2) In this cross-sectional study, CBCT records were retrospectively analysed. From the original sample of 52 CBCT records, 33 records of normo-divergent adult subjects were selected (11 Class I, 13 Class II and 9 Class III). On mid-sagittal section of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) on both sides, AEI was calculated by graphic method. (3) The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate any difference between AEI on both left and right sides in the three groups. No statistically significant difference was observed on either the right side (p = 0.174) or the left side (p = 0.624). (4) Articular eminence inclination seems to be not related with skeletal class. Given the lack of significance in the observed differences between AEI and skeletal classes, we believe that future studies should focus on assessing possible relationships between AEI and different vertical skeletal patterns.
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Comparison of Glenoid Fossa Morphology Between Different Sagittal Skeletal Pattern Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 31:e789-e792. [PMID: 33136913 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphology of glenoid fossa might help the clinician in the diagnosis, establishing more biological treatment modalities and treatment response between patients with different skeletal malocclusions. This study aimed to assess the glenoid fossa morphology in different sagittal facial types using CBCT. The CBCT images of 64 patients with normal vertical growth patterns were classified into class I, class II, and class III based on the skeletal sagittal analysis. Depth, width, and angle of glenoid fossa were measured and assessed on CBCT images. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test were used to compare mean values among the groups. There was a significant statistical difference in means of glenoid fossa' width between groups with skeletal class III and skeletal class I (P value: 0.038). However, no significant statistical differences were found in angle(P value = 0.18) and depth (P value = 0.40) of glenoid fossa among 3 groups. This study showed the glenoid fossa in class I patients was wider than class III patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the angle and depth of glenoid fossa in patients with a different sagittal skeletal pattern.
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Movahhedian N, Paknahad M, Abbasinia F, Khojatepour L. Cone Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Sphenoid Sinus Pneumatization and Relationship with Neurovascular Structures. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021; 20:105-114. [PMID: 33584051 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-020-01326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sphenoid sinus is considered as the most variable pneumatized structure of the skull. Purpose The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the Onodi cell as well as to evaluate the relationship between the sphenoid sinus type of pneumatization and the presence of surrounding neurovascular protrusion using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods The CBCT images of 500 patients/996 sides [203 males (40.6%) and 297 females (59.4%)] were analyzed in this study. The type of sphenoid sinus pneumatization, prevalence of internal carotid artery (ICA) and optic nerve (ON) protrusion and dehiscence, and also the frequency of Onodi cell were assessed. Results The percentages of the conchal, presellar, sellar, postsellar (a), and postsellar (b) types of pneumatization were 1%, 11.5%, 35.5%, 38.9%, and 13.1%, respectively. The more the sphenoid sinuses pneumatized, the greater the frequency of ON and ICA protrusion and dehiscence of their wall to the sinus. The prevalence of Onodi cell was 38.8%. A significant correlation was found between ON dehiscence and the presence of Onodi cells. Conclusion The present study demonstrated a significant relationship between the sinus type and frequency of neurovascular protrusions. Therefore, the sphenoid sinus extent of pneumatization might be useful in predicting the risk of iatrogenic damage to the surrounding structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Movahhedian
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department,Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbasinia
- Student Research Committee, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Khojatepour
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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周 境, 刘 怡. [Cone-beam CT evaluation of temporomandibular joint in skeletal class Ⅱ female adolescents with different vertical patterns]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 53:109-119. [PMID: 33550344 PMCID: PMC7867994 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and position among skeletal class Ⅱ female adolescents with different vertical patterns using cone-beam CT (CBCT). METHODS Diagnostic CBCT images of 80 female patients aged 11 to 14 years were assessed retrospectively. According to subspinale-nasion-supramental angle (ANB) and Frankfort horizontal plane-gonion-gnathion angle (FH-GoGn), the participants were categorized into four groups (20 subjects each), i.e. class Ⅰ normal angle (group 1, 0°≤ANB < 4°, 22°≤FH-GoGn≤32°), class Ⅱ low (group 2, ANB≥4°, FH-GoGn < 22°), normal (group 3, ANB≥4°, 22°≤FH-GoGn≤32°) and high angle (group 4, ANB≥4°, FH-GoGn > 32°). Cephalometrics, morphology and position of TMJ were measured in Dolphin software. Using paired-samples t test to analyze TMJ symmetry, One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) and Chi-square tests to detect differences among the groups. The correlations between cephalometrics and TMJ measurements were also analysed within the skeletal class Ⅱ patients. RESULTS (1) Analysing TMJ morphologic symmetry, some measurements differed statistically although the mean diffe-rences were negligibly relative to their values. No statistically significant difference was found among the groups though group 4 showed the highest probability of condylar position asymmetry (65%). (2) Comparing group 1 with group 3, statistical difference was found in condylar position (χ2=6.936, P < 0.05) instead of morphologic measurements. Anterior and concentric condylar position were more frequently observed in group 1, yet posterior position was more prevalent in group 3. (3) In groups 2, 3, and 4, statistically, group 2 had the deepest glenoid fossa depth (H2&4=10.517, P=0.002), biggest superior (LSD-t2&3=3.408, LSD-t2&4=5.369, P < 0.001) and lateral (LSD-t2&3=2.767, LSD-t2&4=3.350, P=0.001) joint spaces, whereas group 4 showed the shortest condylar long axis diameter (H2&4=13.374, P < 0.001), largest glenoid fossa vertical distance (LSD-t2&4=4.561, P < 0.001, LSD-t3&4=2.713, P=0.007), smallest medial (LSD-t2&4=-4.083, P < 0.001) and middle (LSD-t2&4=-4.201, P < 0.001) joint spaces. The posterior condylar position proportion gradually increased from groups 2 to 3 to 4. Correlation analysis revealed ANB correlated with anterior joint space positively (r=0.270, P=0.037) and condylar long axis angle negatively (r=-0.296, P=0.022). FH-GoGn correlated with superior (r=-0.488, P < 0.001), posterior (r= -0.272, P=0.035), mesial (r=-0.390, P=0.002), middle (r=-0.425, P=0.001), and lateral (r=-0.331, P=0.010) joint spaces, articular eminence inclination (r=-0.259, P=0.046), as well as condylar long axis diameter (r=-0.327, P=0.011) negatively, and glenoid fossa depth (r=0.370, P=0.004) positively. CONCLUSION TMJ characteristics of skeletal class Ⅱ sagittal pattern mainly reflected in condylar position rather than morphology. TMJs of different vertical patterns differed more in joint spaces, position of condyle and glenoid fossa than in morphologic measurements. Vertical position of glenoid fossa and proportion of posterior condyle increased gradually from hypodivergent to hyperdivergent. Highest glenoid fossa position, maximum ratio of posterior positioned condyle, smallest joint spaces, shallowest glenoid fossa depth, and narrowest condylar long axis diameter were found in skeletal class Ⅱ high angle group, which means that patients with this facial type have considerable joint instable factors, and we should especially pay attention when orthodontic treatment is carried out on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- 境 周
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,正畸科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 怡 刘
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,正畸科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Güven BA, Ciğer S. Evaluation of the Effect of Fixed Anterior Biteplane Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Deep Bite. Turk J Orthod 2020; 33:8-12. [PMID: 32284893 PMCID: PMC7138230 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2020.19108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of fixed anterior biteplane treatment on temporomandibular joint in deep bite patients. METHODS The sample comprised 17 Class II patients with deep bite and decreased lower anterior facial height. The average patient age was 9.9±0.9 years. Transcranial temporomandibular joint radiographs were obtained from the subjects before (T0) and after fixed anterior biteplane treatment (T1). Anterior joint space, posterior joint space, superior joint space, anteroposterior thickness of the condylar head, vertical height of the articular fossa, and the articular fossa slope were measured on temporomandibular joint radiographs to evaluate the position of the mandibular condyles in the glenoid fossa. RESULTS The average treatment duration was 8.5±2.1 months. Slope of the articular fossa, vertical height of the articular fossa, anteroposterior thickness of the condyle, posterior joint space, superior joint space, and anterior joint space showed no statistically significant difference between T0 and T1 (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Fixed anterior biteplane appliance treatment did not change the condyle fossa relationship in Class II deep bite patients at the time of appliance removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Akarsu Güven
- Department of Orthodontics, Hacettepe University School of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semra Ciğer
- Department of Orthodontics, Hacettepe University School of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Chae JM, Park JH, Tai K, Mizutani K, Uzuka S, Miyashita W, Seo HY. Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod 2019; 90:224-232. [PMID: 31638857 DOI: 10.2319/052919-369.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the condyle-fossa relationship in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT images obtained in 120 adolescent patients were used for this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to 3 criteria: (1) age (early, middle, and late adolescence); (2) facial height ratio or Jarabak quotient (hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent); and (3) ANB classification (Class I, Class II, and Class III). Temporomandibular joint space (TMJS: AS, anterior space; SS, superior space; PS, posterior space; MS, medial space; LS, lateral space), width and depth of the condyle (MLT, mediolateral thickness; APT, anteroposterior thickness), articular slope (ArS) and vertical height of the fossa (VHF) were measured and compared using CBCT. RESULTS Differences in condyle-fossa relationships were not significantly different between male and female adolescents, but were significantly different (P < .05) between left and right sides. The mean values showed no statistical differences according to age and skeletal pattern. Most measurements in the sagittal view showed that SS was the greatest, and the mean ratio of AS to SS to PS was 1.00 to 1.27 to 1.19, respectively. The mean values of coronal MS and LS were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS There were almost no statistical differences in the TMJS in adolescents across various factors except between left and right sides.
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Song J, Cheng M, Qian Y, Chu F. Cone-beam CT evaluation of temporomandibular joint in permanent dentition according to Angle's classification. Oral Radiol 2019; 36:261-266. [PMID: 31385140 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-019-00403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and related structures according to Angle class I, II1, II2, and III. METHODS 123 Chinese patients (13-36 years old, 60 males, and 63 females) were classified in four groups according to Angle's classification: skeletal class I (31 patients), skeletal class II division 1 (30 patients), skeletal class II division 2 (30 patients), and skeletal class III (32 patients). Left and right TMJs of each subject were evaluated independently with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The position of condyle in the joint fossa was analyzed according to Pullinger. RESULTS There were significant differences between class III subjects and class I, II1, II2 in the superior joint space (p < 0.05). Compared with class II1, II2, and III subjects, the height and diameter of condyle in class I was significantly larger (p < 0.05). The width of joint fossa was significantly larger in Angle class III than in Angle class I, II1, and II2, while the depth was significantly smaller. The condyle position in class III subjects was more anteriorly displaced compared with that in class I subjects. In class II2 patients, the condyle position was mainly concentric and posterior. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in condylar morphology, joint space, joint fossa morphology, and condylar position between different Angle classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyul Song
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Mingjia Cheng
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yufen Qian
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Fengting Chu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Gorucu-Coskuner H, Atik E, El H. Reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for temporomandibular joint analysis. Korean J Orthod 2019; 49:81-88. [PMID: 30941294 PMCID: PMC6433603 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2019.49.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim was to assess the intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities of temporomandibular joint linear measurements and condylar shape classifications performed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods CBCT images of 30 patients were measured at two different time points by two orthodontists using the Dolphin 3D program (n = 60). Anterior, posterior, and superior joint space measurements and sagittal joint morphology classification in the sagittal view and medial and lateral joint space and mediolateral width measurements and coronal joint morphology classification in the coronal view were recorded. Intraclass-interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and kappa statistics were used to assess intraobserver and interobserver reliability for the measurements and morphology classifications, respectively. Results The ICC values were good for measurements of the posterior joint space by observer I and for measurements of the posterior, medial, and lateral joint spaces by observer II, while the other intraobserver measurements were excellent. Only the mediolateral width measurements showed excellent interobserver ICC values, while the other measurements showed good interobserver ICC values. Intraobserver agreement for the sagittal morphology classifications was moderate (κ = 0.479) and almost perfect (κ = 0.858) for observers I and II, respectively, while the corresponding agreement for the coronal morphology classifications was substantial for both observers. The interobserver agreement values for sagittal and coronal morphology classifications were slight (κ = 0.181) and fair (κ = 0.265), respectively. Conclusions Linear temporomandibular joint measurements were reproducible and reliable in both intraobserver and interobserver evaluations. However, interobserver agreement for assessments of condylar shape was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Gorucu-Coskuner
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Atik
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan El
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Xu J, Sun R, Wang L, Hu X. Cone-beam evaluation of pharyngeal airway space in adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions. Angle Orthod 2018; 89:312-316. [PMID: 30457352 DOI: 10.2319/040518-253.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in pharyngeal airway space among adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The CBCT records of 60 patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion (ANB angle ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0) were selected from the CBCT database. According to the condyle position, the patients were divided in three groups: anterior group (CD ≤ -12%), centric group (-12% ≤ CD ≤ +12%), and posterior group (CD ≥ +12%). Three-dimensional (3D) pharyngeal airway models were reconstructed using InvivoDental software 5.1.3. The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space were measured in the 3D airway model. RESULTS The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space in the centric group were significantly smaller than those in the posterior group ( P < .01). The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space were smallest in the anterior group and significantly increased in the centric and posterior groups ( P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The null hypothesis was rejected. Significant differences were noted in pharyngeal airway space among adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions.
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Piancino MG, Tepedino M, Cavarra F, Bramanti E, Laganà G, Chimenti C, Cirillo S. Condylar long axis and articular eminence in MRI in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Cranio 2018; 38:342-350. [PMID: 30332921 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2018.1532647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare morphologic findings in MRI and skeletal divergence of a group of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) subdivided into condylar symmetric and asymmetric. METHODS Fifty-nine adults (26.7 years old) with TMD were retrospectively recruited. Condylar height symmetry was evaluated by orthopantomography (Habets's method) and used to divide patients into Symmetric and Asymmetric groups; skeletal divergence was assessed on lateral cephalograms. MRI was used to evaluate the condylar long axis' angle, the glenoid fossa morphology, and the degree of disc displacement. RESULTS Asymmetric subjects showed a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern (p = 0.036), asymmetric condylar long axis (p = 0.018), and deeper (p = 0.025) and asymmetric (p = 0.001) glenoid fossa compared to symmetric subjects. CONCLUSION Patients with TMD and condylar asymmetry diagnosed with orthopantomography are more likely to show hyperdivergent skull in cephalometry, condylar asymmetry of both height and major axis, and a steeper glenoid fossa in MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Piancino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin , Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Tepedino
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Ennio Bramanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina , Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Laganà
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Chimenti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Cirillo
- S.C. Diagnostic Radiology, A.O. Ordine Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I" , Turin, Italy
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