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Takaoka T, Yanagi T, Takahashi S, Shibamoto Y, Imai Y, Okazaki D, Niwa M, Torii A, Kita N, Takano S, Tomita N, Hiwatashi A. Comparing different boost concepts and beam configurations for proton therapy of pancreatic cancer. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024; 30:100583. [PMID: 38711921 PMCID: PMC11070341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2024.100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Interfractional geometrical and anatomical variations impact the accuracy of proton therapy for pancreatic cancer. This study investigated field-in-field (FIF) and simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) concepts for scanned proton therapy treatment with different beam configurations. Materials and Methods Robustly optimized treatment plans for fifteen patients were generated using FIF and SIB techniques with two, three, and four beams. The prescribed dose in 20 fractions was 60 Gy(RBE) for the internal gross tumor volume (IGTV) and 46 Gy(RBE) for the internal clinical target volume. Verification computed tomography (vCT) scans was performed on treatment days 1, 7, and 16. Initial treatment plans were recalculated on the rigidly registered vCTs. V100% and D95% for targets and D2cm3 for the stomach and duodenum were evaluated. Robustness evaluations (range uncertainty of 3.5 %) were performed to evaluate the stomach and duodenum dose-volume parameters. Results For all techniques, IGTV V100% and D95% decreased significantly when recalculating the dose on vCTs (p < 0.001). The median IGTV V100% and D95% over all vCTs ranged from 74.2 % to 90.2 % and 58.8 Gy(RBE) to 59.4 Gy(RBE), respectively. The FIF with two and three beams, and SIB with two beams maintained the highest IGTV V100% and D95%. In robustness evaluations, the ΔD2cm3 of stomach was highest in two beams plans, while the ΔD2cm3 of duodenum was highest in four beams plans, for both concepts. Conclusion Target coverage decreased when recalculating on CTs at different time for both concepts. The FIF with three beams maintained the highest IGTV coverage while sparing normal organs the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Takaoka
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanagi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Narita Memorial Proton Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Shinsei Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Narita Memorial Proton Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Narita Memorial Proton Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yuto Imai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Narita Memorial Proton Center, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Dai Okazaki
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanari Niwa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Torii
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nozomi Kita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiya Takano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Natsuo Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Hiwatashi
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide Attenuates Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury through Facilitating DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9137812. [PMID: 35770047 PMCID: PMC9236762 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9137812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The testis is susceptible to ionizing radiation, and male infertility and sexual dysfunction are prevalent problems after whole-body or local radiation exposure. Currently, there is no approved agent for the prevention or treatment of radiation-induced testicular injury. Herein, we investigated the radioprotective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an organosulfur compound that acts as a free radical scavenger, on testicular injury. Treatment of mice with a single dose of DMSO prior to 5 Gy irradiation restored sex hormones and attenuated the reduction in testis weight. Histological analyses revealed that DMSO alleviated the distorted architecture of seminiferous tubules and promoted seminiferous epithelium regeneration following irradiation. Moreover, DMSO provided quantitative and qualitative protection for sperm and preserved spermatogenesis and fertility in male mice. Mechanistically, DMSO treatment enhanced GFRα-1+ spermatogonial stem cell and c-Kit+ spermatogonial survival and regeneration after radiation. DMSO also alleviated radiation-induced oxidative stress and suppressed radiation-induced germ cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, DMSO efficiently reduced DNA damage accumulation and induced the expression of phosph-BRCA1, BRCA1, and RAD51 proteins, indicating that DMSO facilitates DNA damage repair with a bias toward homologous recombination. In summary, our findings demonstrate the radioprotective efficacy of DMSO on the male reproductive system, which warrants further studies for future application in the preservation of male fertility during conventional radiotherapy and nuclear accidents.
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Hashimoto S, Iwata H, Hattori Y, Nakajima K, Nomura K, Hayashi K, Toshito T, Yamamori E, Akita K, Mizoe JE, Ogino H, Shibamoto Y. Outcomes of proton therapy for non-small cell lung cancer in patients with interstitial pneumonia. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:56. [PMID: 35313905 PMCID: PMC8935826 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-02027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a disease with a poor prognosis. In addition, IP patients are more likely to develop lung cancer. Since IP patients frequently develop toxicities during cancer treatment, minimally invasive cancer treatment is warranted for such patients to maintain their quality of life. This study retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of proton therapy (PT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients with IP. Methods Twenty-nine NSCLC patients with IP were treated with PT between September 2013 and December 2019. The patients had stage IA to IIIB primary NSCLC. Ten of the 29 patients exhibited the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. The prescribed dose was 66–74 Grays (relative biological effectiveness) in 10–37 fractions. Results The median follow-up period was 21.1 months [interquartile range (IQR), 15.6–37.3] for all patients and 37.2 months (IQR, 24.0–49.9) for living patients. The median patient age was 77 years (IQR, 71–81). The median planning target volume was 112.0 ml (IQR, 56.1–246.3). The 2-year local control, progression-free survival, and overall survival rates were 85% (95% confidence interval: 57–95), 30% (15–47), and 45% (26–62), respectively. According to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0), grade 3 acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) was observed in 1 patient. Two patients developed grade 3 late RP, but no other patients experienced serious toxicities. The patients’ quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 and SF-36) scores had not changed after 3 months. Conclusions PT may be a relatively safe treatment for NSCLC patients with IP, without deteriorating quality of life scores within 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Iwata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hattori
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichiro Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kento Nomura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kensuke Hayashi
- Department of Proton Therapy Technology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamori
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Akita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun-Etsu Mizoe
- Sapporo High Functioning Radiotherapy Center, Hokkaido Ohno Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Narita Memorial Proton Center, Toyohashi, Japan
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Current advances in immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations with radiation therapy or cryotherapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 191:229-241. [PMID: 34714450 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has demonstrated clinically significant efficacy when combined with chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Although many patients derived benefit, others do not respond to immunotherapy, therefore relying upon innovative combinations to enhance response. Local therapies such as radiation therapy (RT) and cryotherapy are immunogenic and potentially optimize responses to immunotherapy. Strategies combining these therapies and ICI are actively under investigation. This review will describe the rationale for combining ICI with targeted local therapies in breast cancer. METHODS A literature search was performed to identify pre-clinical and clinical studies assessing ICI combined with RT or cryotherapy published as of August 2021 using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. RESULTS Published studies of ICI with RT and IPI have demonstrated safety and signals of early efficacy. CONCLUSION RT and cryotherapy are local therapies that can be integrated safely with ICI and has shown promise in early trials. Randomized phase II studies testing both of these approaches, such as P-RAD (NCT04443348) and ipilimumab/nivolumab/cryoablation for TNBC (NCT03546686) are current enrolling. The results of these studies are paramount as they will provide long term data on the safety and efficacy of these regimens.
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Chan CC, Hsiao YY. The Effects of Dimethylsulfoxide and Oxygen on DNA Damage Induction and Repair Outcomes for Cells Irradiated by 62 MeV Proton and 3.31 MeV Helium Ions. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040286. [PMID: 33917956 PMCID: PMC8068342 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in radiation-induced indirect actions. In terms of DNA damage, double strand breaks (DSBs) have the greatest effects on the repair of DNA damage, cell survival and transformation. This study evaluated the biological effects of the presence of ROS and oxygen on DSB induction and mutation frequency. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) of 62 MeV therapeutic proton beams and 3.31 MeV helium ions were calculated using Monte Carlo damage simulation (MCDS) software. Monte Carlo excision repair (MCER) simulations were used to calculate the repair outcomes (mutation frequency). The RBE values of proton beams decreased to 0.75 in the presence of 0.4 M dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and then increases to 0.9 in the presence of 2 M DMSO while the RBE values of 3.31 MeV helium ions increased from 2.9 to 5.7 (0–2 M). The mutation frequency of proton beams also decreased from 0.008–0.065 to 0.004–0.034 per cell per Gy by the addition of 2 M DMSO, indicating that ROS affects both DSB induction and repair outcomes. These results show that the combined use of DMSO in normal tissues and an increased dose in tumor regions increases treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chieh Chan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Yun Hsiao
- Department of Radiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12010)
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Nomura K, Iwata H, Toshito T, Omachi C, Nagayoshi J, Nakajima K, Ogino H, Shibamoto Y. Biological effects of passive scattering and spot scanning proton beams at the distal end of the spread-out Bragg peak in single cells and multicell spheroids. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:695-703. [PMID: 33617430 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1889704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigated the biological effects of spot scanning and passive scattering proton therapies at the distal end region of the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) using single cell and multicell spheroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate linear energy transfer (LET) values in passive scattering and spot scanning beams. The biological doses of the two beam options at various points of the distal end region of SOBP were investigated using EMT6 single cells and 0.6-mm V79 spheroids irradiated with 6 and 15 Gy, respectively, by inserting the fractions surviving these doses onto dose-survival curves and reading the corresponding dose. RESULTS LET values in the entrance region of SOBP were similar between the two beam options and increased at the distal end region of SOBP, where the LET value of spot scanning beams was higher than that of passive scattering beams. Increases in biological effects at the distal end region were similarly observed in single cells and spheroids; biological doses at 2-10 mm behind the distal end were 4.5-57% and 5.7-86% higher than physical doses in passive scattering and spot scanning beams, respectively, with the biological doses of spot scanning beams being higher than those of passive scattering beams (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS In single cells and spheroids, the effects of proton irradiation were stronger than expected from measured physical doses at the distal end of SOBP and were correlated with LET increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Nomura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Iwata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chihiro Omachi
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junpei Nagayoshi
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichiro Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Iwata H, Shuto T, Kamei S, Omachi K, Moriuchi M, Omachi C, Toshito T, Hashimoto S, Nakajima K, Sugie C, Ogino H, Kai H, Shibamoto Y. Combined effects of cisplatin and photon or proton irradiation in cultured cells: radiosensitization, patterns of cell death and cell cycle distribution. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2020; 61:832-841. [PMID: 32880637 PMCID: PMC7674701 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the biological effects of protons and photons in combination with cisplatin in cultured cells and elucidate the mechanisms responsible for their combined effects. To evaluate the sensitizing effects of cisplatin against X-rays and proton beams in HSG, EMT6 and V79 cells, the combination index, a simple measure for quantifying synergism, was estimated from cell survival curves using software capable of performing the Monte Carlo calculation. Cell death and apoptosis were assessed using live cell fluorescence imaging. HeLa and HSG cells expressing the fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator system (Fucci) were irradiated with X-rays and protons with cisplatin. Red and green fluorescence in the G1 and S/G2/M phases, respectively, were evaluated and changes in the cell cycle were assessed. The sensitizing effects of ≥1.5 μM cisplatin were observed for both X-ray and proton irradiation (P < 0.05). In the three cell lines, the average combination index was 0.82-1.00 for X-rays and 0.73-0.89 for protons, indicating stronger effects for protons. In time-lapse imaging, apoptosis markedly increased in the groups receiving ≥1.5 μM cisplatin + protons. The percentage of green S/G2/M phase cells at that time was higher when cisplatin was combined with proton beams than with X-rays (P < 0.05), suggesting more significant G2 arrest. Proton therapy plus ≥1.5 μM cisplatin is considered to be very effective. When combined with cisplatin, proton therapy appeared to induce greater apoptotic cell death and G2 arrest, which may partly account for the difference observed in the combined effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Iwata
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan. Tel.: (+81) 52-991-8577; Fax: (+81) 52-991-8599;
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kamei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masataka Moriuchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Chihiro Omachi
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Koichiro Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Chikao Sugie
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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Nakajima K, Gao T, Kume K, Iwata H, Hirai S, Omachi C, Tomita J, Ogino H, Naito M, Shibamoto Y. Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster, as an In Vivo Tool to Study the Biological Effects of Proton Irradiation. Radiat Res 2020; 194:143-152. [PMID: 32845992 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The clinical superiority of proton therapy over photon therapy has recently gained recognition; however, the biological effects of proton therapy remain poorly understood. The lack of in vivo evidence is especially important. Therefore, the goal of this study was to validate the usefulness of Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative tool in proton radiobiology. To determine whether the comparative biological effects of protons and X rays are detectable in Drosophila, we assessed their influence on survival and mRNA expression. Postirradiation observation revealed that protons inhibited their development and reduced the overall survival rates more effectively than X rays. The relative biological effectiveness of the proton beams compared to the X rays estimated from the 50% lethal doses was 1.31. At 2 or 24 h postirradiation, mRNA expression analysis demonstrated that the expression patterns of several genes (such as DNA-repair-, apoptosis- and angiogenesis-related genes) followed different time courses depending on radiation type. Moreover, our trials suggested that the knockdown of individual genes by the GAL4/UAS system changes the radiosensitivity in a radiation type-specific manner. We confirmed this Drosophila model to be considerably useful to evaluate the findings from in vitro studies in an in vivo system. Furthermore, this model has a potential to elucidate more complex biological mechanisms underlying proton irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Nakajima
- Departments of Radiation Oncology.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - TianXiang Gao
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Iwata
- Departments of Radiation Oncology.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Chihiro Omachi
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Tomita
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Departments of Radiation Oncology.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Munekazu Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Luo WR, Chen FH, Huang RJ, Chen YP, Hsiao YY. Effects of indirect actions and oxygen on relative biological effectiveness: estimate of DSB inductions and conversions induced by therapeutic proton beams. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 96:187-196. [PMID: 31682784 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1688883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated the DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) induced by indirect actions and its misrepairs to estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton beams.Materials and methods: From experimental data, DSB induction was evaluated in cells irradiated by 62 MeV proton beams in the presence of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and under hypoxic conditions. The DNA damage yields for calculating the RBE were estimated using Monte Carlo Damage Simulation (MCDS) software. The repair outcomes (correct repairs, mutations and DSB conversions) were estimated using Monte Carlo Excision Repair (MCER) simulations.Results: The values for RBE of 62 MeV protons (LET = 1.051 keV/μm) for DSB induction and enzymatic DSB under aerobic condition (21% O2) was 1.02 and 0.94, respectively, as comparing to 60Co γ-rays (LET = 2.4 keV/μm). DMSO mitigated the inference of indirect action and reduced DSB induction to a greater extent when damaged by protons rather than γ-rays, resulting in a decreased RBE of 0.86. DMSO also efficiently prevented enzymatic DSB yields triggered by proton irradiation and reduced the RBE to 0.83. However, hypoxia (2% O2) produced a similar level of DSB induction with respect to the protons and γ-rays, with a comparable RBE of 1.02.Conclusions: The RBE values of proton beams estimated from DSB induction and enzymatic DSB decreased by 16% and 12%, respectively, in the presence of DMSO. Our findings indicate that the overall effects of DSB induction and enzymatic DSB could intensify the tumor killing, while alleviate normal tissue damage when indirect actions are effectively interrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ren Luo
- Department of Radiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Hsin Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taiwan.,Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jing Huang
- Department of Radiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Manicipal Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Hsiao
- Department of Radiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zwicker F, Hauswald H, Debus J, Huber PE, Weber KJ. Impact of dimethyl sulfoxide on irradiation-related DNA double-strand-break induction, -repair and cell survival. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2019; 58:417-424. [PMID: 31127368 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-019-00797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an effective radical scavenger and, when added to cells, reduces the initial number of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). The aim of this study was to investigate modification by DMSO of both DSB induction and DSB repair by means of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as well as gamma-H2AX immunofluorescence staining. WiDr cells (human colon carcinoma provided by DKFZ) were incubated with 2% DMSO for 2 h (or mock-treated) prior to irradiation with varying X-ray doses and subsequent incubation for repair. Sample processing for PFGE analysis or counting of γ-H2AX foci was performed according to standard protocols. Effects on apoptosis induction and cell survival were investigated additionally by standard protocols. DMSO reduced DSB yield after 20-80 Gy measured by PFGE. A qualitatively similar result was found after low-dose irradiation (1 Gy) using γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining. During incubation for repair, both DNA fragment rejoining (PFGE) as well as γ-H2AX foci removal occurred at a reduced rate when cells had been pre-treated with DMSO. But this effect was clearly more pronounced for the PFGE-analyzed double-strand breakage, particularly at early repair times. WiDr cells treated with DMSO (2%) showed a significantly increased clonogenic survival after irradiation doses above 8 Gy. Apoptosis rates were not changed by DMSO. The radio-protective effect of DMSO, well known from other PFGE studies, could be confirmed for the formation of γ-H2AX foci. DSB generated in the presence of DMSO were less rapidly repaired. DMSO showed radio-protective effects on clonogenic survival but not on apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Zwicker
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) E055, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Henrik Hauswald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) E055, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) E055, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Matsumoto Y, Ando K, Kato TA, Sekino Y, Ishikawa H, Sakae T, Tsuboi K, Sakurai H. DIFFERENCE IN DEGREE OF SUB-LETHAL DAMAGE RECOVERY BETWEEN CLINICAL PROTON BEAMS AND X-RAYS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 183:93-97. [PMID: 30576477 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fractionated proton beam radiotherapy is spreading worldwide these days. However, biological data of sub-lethal damage recovery (SLDR) after proton irradiation is not known yet. We here conducted split-dose experiments (20-360 min intervals) to clarify SLDR kinetics, and also compared the kinetics between cells with different repairability of DNA double-strand breaks. CHO and 51D1 cell lines but not V3 cell line showed significant SLDR, which reached plateau in 4-6 h. The recovery rates and recovery halftime of SLDR after X-rays were significantly higher and shorter than proton beams for CHO and 51D1 cells, respectively. Additionally, the frequency of remaining gamma-H2AX foci after two fractions was remarkably higher for X-rays than proton beams. These data suggest that there is a difference between proton beam and X-rays in SLDR and the retained DNA double-strand breaks after split-dose irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Matsumoto
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koichi Ando
- Medicine & Biology Division, Heavy Ion Medical Center, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takamitsu A Kato
- Radiation Cancer Biology and Oncology, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yuta Sekino
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeji Sakae
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuboi
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakurai
- Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Radiation Biology, Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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12
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Hojo H, Dohmae T, Hotta K, Kageyama SI, Baba H, Kohno R, Motegi A, Tsuchihara K, Akimoto T. Effect of 5-fluorouracil on cellular response to proton beam in esophageal cancer cell lines according to the position of spread-out Bragg peak. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:475-482. [PMID: 30632869 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2018.1555373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate enhancement by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) of the sensitivity of cancer cells to proton beam irradiation and clarify the differences in the responses of the 5-FU-treated cells to proton beam irradiation according to the position of the cells on the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP). METHODS OE21 human esophageal squamous cells were irradiated with a 235-MeV proton beam at four different positions on the SOBP. The effects of the irradiation plus 5-FU treatment on the cell survival were assessed by clonogenic assays and determination of the sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER). In addition, DNA double-strand breaks were estimated by measuring phospho-histone H2AX (γH2AX) foci formation in the cells at 0.5 and 24 h after irradiation. RESULTS The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton beam irradiation against vehicle-control cells tended to increase with an increase in the depth of the cells on the SOBP. On the other hand, the degree of enhancement of the cellular sensitivity to proton beam irradiation by 5-FU was similar across all the positions on the SOBP. Furthermore, a marked increase in the number of residual γH2AX foci at 24 h post-irradiation was observed in the cells at the distal end of the SOBP. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that the degree of enhancement by 5-FU of the sensitivity of OE21 cells to 235-MeV proton beam irradiation did not differ significantly depending on the position of the cells on the SOBP. Furthermore, the degree of increase in the number of γH2AX foci at 24 h after proton beam irradiation with or without 5-FU exposure did not differ significantly according to the position on the SOBP. The effect of 5-FU in enhancing the effect of proton beam irradiation on cancer cells may be constant for all positions on the SOBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Hojo
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Dohmae
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenji Hotta
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichiro Kageyama
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Baba
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kohno
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Atsushi Motegi
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tsuchihara
- Division of Translational Research, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Akimoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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13
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Grün R, Friedrich T, Traneus E, Scholz M. Is the dose‐averaged
LET
a reliable predictor for the relative biological effectiveness? Med Phys 2019; 46:1064-1074. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Grün
- Department of Biophysics GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr. 1 Darmstadt 64291 Germany
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Department of Biophysics GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr. 1 Darmstadt 64291 Germany
| | - Erik Traneus
- RaySearch Laboratories AB Sveavägen 44 Stockholm 111 34 Sweden
| | - Michael Scholz
- Department of Biophysics GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr. 1 Darmstadt 64291 Germany
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14
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Effect of a Device-Free Compressed Shell Fixation Method on Hepatic Respiratory Movement: Analysis for Respiratory Amplitude of the Liver and Internal Motions of a Fiducial Marker. Pract Radiat Oncol 2018; 9:e149-e155. [PMID: 30336269 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suppression of respiratory movement of the liver would be desirable for high-precision radiation therapy for liver tumors. We aimed to investigate the effect of our original device-free compressed shell fixation method and breathing instruction on suppression of respiratory movement. The characteristics of liver motion based on the movement of a fiducial marker were also analyzed. METHODS AND MATERIALS First, respiratory amplitudes of the liver with the device-free compressed shell were analyzed from the data of 146 patients. The effect of this shell fixing method on liver movement was evaluated. Second, as another cohort study with 166 patients, interfractional internal motion of the liver for patients fixed in the shell was calculated using the fiducial marker coordinate data of images for position setting before daily irradiation. Third, in another 12 patients, intrafractional internal motion was calculated from the fiducial marker coordinate data using x-ray images before and after irradiation. RESULTS The median respiratory movement without the shell, after fixing with the shell, and after instructing on the breathing method with the shell was 14.2 (interquartile range, 10.7-19.8), 11.5 (8.6-17.5), and 10.4 mm (7.3-15.8), respectively. Systematic and random errors of interfractional internal motion were all ≤2 mm in the left-right and anteroposterior directions and 3.7 and 3.0 mm, respectively, in the craniocaudal direction. Systematic and random errors of intrafractional internal motion were all ≤1.3 mm in the left-right and anteroposterior directions and 0.8 and 2.4 mm, respectively, in the craniocaudal direction. CONCLUSIONS The device-free compressed shell fixation method was effective in suppressing the respiratory movement of the liver. Irradiation position matching using the fiducial marker can correct the interfractional internal motion on each day, which would contribute to the reduction of the margin to be given around the target.
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15
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Nakajima K, Iwata H, Ogino H, Hattori Y, Hashimoto S, Toshito T, Hayashi K, Akita K, Baba F, Nakamae K, Mizoe JE, Shibamoto Y. Clinical outcomes of image-guided proton therapy for histologically confirmed stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:199. [PMID: 30305125 PMCID: PMC6180633 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two prospective phase II trials were designed to assess the efficacy and safety of image-guided proton therapy (IGPT) for either medically inoperable or operable stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study reports the interim results of these trials. Methods Fifty-five patients with histologically confirmed stage I NSCLC (IA in 33 patients and IB in 22 patients; inoperable in 21 patients and operable in 34 patients) who received IGPT between July 2013 and February 2017 were analyzed. The median patient age was 71 years (range: 48–88 years). IGPT with fiducial metallic marker matching was performed for suitable patients, and a respiratory gating method for motion management was used for all treatments. Peripherally located tumors were treated with 66 Gy relative biological effectiveness equivalents (Gy(RBE)) in 10 fractions (n = 49) and centrally located tumors were treated with 72.6 Gy(RBE) in 22 fractions (n = 6). Treatment associated toxicities were evaluated using Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events (v.4.0). Results Median follow-up was 35 months (range: 12–54 months) for survivors. For all patients, the 3-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 87% (95% confidence interval: 73–94%), 74% (58–85%), and 96% (83–99%), respectively. Fiducial marker matching was used in 39 patients (71%). Grade 2 toxicities observed were radiation pneumonitis in 5 patients (9%), rib fracture in 2 (4%), and chest wall pain in 5 (9%). There were no grade 3 or higher acute or late toxicities. Conclusions IGPT appears to be effective and well tolerated for all patients with stage I NSCLC. Trial registration Lung-001, 13–02-09 (9), registered 11 June 2013 and Lung-002, 13–02-10 (10), registered 11 June 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan. .,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Iwata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hattori
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Toshito
- Department of Proton Therapy Physics, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Kensuke Hayashi
- Department of Proton Therapy Technology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Kenji Akita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Fumiya Baba
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Katsumi Nakamae
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan
| | - Jun-Etsu Mizoe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City West Medical Center, 1-1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462-8508, Japan.,Osaka Heavy Ion Therapy Center, 3-1-10 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0008, Japan
| | - Yuta Shibamoto
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
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16
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Lee HJ, Zeng J, Rengan R. Proton beam therapy and immunotherapy: an emerging partnership for immune activation in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018; 7:180-188. [PMID: 29876317 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.03.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proton beam therapy (PBT) is becoming an increasingly common option for patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT). With the concurrent emergence of immunotherapy as an effective systemic treatment for historically treatment-resistant disease such as advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the combination of RT's immunoadjuvant effects with immunotherapy is gaining widespread attention. However, pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown potential immunosuppressive mechanisms associated with conventional RT that may restrict its immunogenic potential. Protons, as charged particles, exhibit both dosimetric and biological differences in normal and cancer cells that may be able to not only enhance the immunoadjuvant effects of RT, but also reduce immunosuppressive mechanisms. Here, we review the rationale, preclinical and clinical evidence, and ongoing efforts in combining PBT with immunotherapy in cancer treatment with a focus on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard J Lee
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jing Zeng
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ramesh Rengan
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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17
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Marzec J, Marzec L, Martus P, Zips D, Müller AC. MATLAB®-based fitting method to evaluate survival fractions after multimodal treatment. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2018; 10:36-41. [PMID: 29928704 PMCID: PMC6008626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To easily analyse and visualize cell kill dynamics measured by survival fraction after single or combined treatments a MATLAB®-based application was developed. A statistical analysis with different options of visualisation of single and combined treatment effects can be performed in a few steps not requiring advanced knowledge of statistical programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Marzec
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 76072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukasz Marzec
- Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung, Eberhard Karls University, Wächterstraße 76, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Eberhard Karls University, Silcherstraße 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 76072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arndt-Christian Müller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 76072 Tübingen, Germany
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