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Said M, Cápal P, Farkas A, Gaál E, Ivanizs L, Friebe B, Doležel J, Molnár I. Flow karyotyping of wheat- Aegilops additions facilitate dissecting the genomes of Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata into individual chromosomes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1017958. [PMID: 36262648 PMCID: PMC9575658 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1017958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Breeding of wheat adapted to new climatic conditions and resistant to diseases and pests is hindered by a limited gene pool due to domestication and thousands of years of human selection. Annual goatgrasses (Aegilops spp.) with M and U genomes are potential sources of the missing genes and alleles. Development of alien introgression lines of wheat may be facilitated by the knowledge of DNA sequences of Aegilops chromosomes. As the Aegilops genomes are complex, sequencing relevant Aegilops chromosomes purified by flow cytometric sorting offers an attractive route forward. The present study extends the potential of chromosome genomics to allotetraploid Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata by dissecting their M and U genomes into individual chromosomes. Hybridization of FITC-conjugated GAA oligonucleotide probe to chromosomes suspensions of the two species allowed the application of bivariate flow karyotyping and sorting some individual chromosomes. Bivariate flow karyotype FITC vs. DAPI of Ae. biuncialis consisted of nine chromosome-populations, but their chromosome content determined by microscopic analysis of flow sorted chromosomes indicated that only 7Mb and 1Ub could be sorted at high purity. In the case of Ae. geniculata, fourteen chromosome-populations were discriminated, allowing the separation of nine individual chromosomes (1Mg, 3Mg, 5Mg, 6Mg, 7Mg, 1Ug, 3Ug, 6Ug, and 7Ug) out of the 14. To sort the remaining chromosomes, a partial set of wheat-Ae. biuncialis and a whole set of wheat-Ae. geniculata chromosome addition lines were also flow karyotyped, revealing clear separation of the GAA-rich Aegilops chromosomes from the GAA-poor A- and D-genome chromosomes of wheat. All of the alien chromosomes represented by individual addition lines could be isolated at purities ranging from 74.5% to 96.6% and from 87.8% to 97.7%, respectively. Differences in flow karyotypes between Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata were analyzed and discussed. Chromosome-specific genomic resources will facilitate gene cloning and the development of molecular tools to support alien introgression breeding of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Said
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Petr Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - András Farkas
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Ivanizs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Bernd Friebe
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - István Molnár
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
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Feng X, Du X, Wang S, Deng P, Wang Y, Shang L, Tian Z, Wang C, Chen C, Zhao J, Ji W. Identification and DNA Marker Development for a Wheat- Leymus mollis 2Ns (2D) Disomic Chromosome Substitution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052676. [PMID: 35269816 PMCID: PMC8911044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leymus mollis (2n = 4x = 28, NsNsXmXm), a wild relative of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), carries numerous loci which could potentially be used in wheat improvement. In this study, line 17DM48 was isolated from the progeny of a wheat and L. mollis hybrid. This line has 42 chromosomes forming 21 bivalents at meiotic metaphase I. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) demonstrated the presence of a pair chromosomes from the Ns genome of L. mollis. This pair substituted for wheat chromosome 2D, as shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), DNA marker analysis, and hybridization to wheat 55K SNP array. Therefore, 17DM48 is a wheat-L. mollis 2Ns (2D) disomic substitution line. It shows longer spike and a high level of stripe rust resistance. Using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq), 13 DNA markers were developed to identify and trace chromosome 2Ns of L. mollis in wheat background. This line provides a potential bridge germplasm for genetic improvement of wheat stripe rust resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Pingchuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yongfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Lihui Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zengrong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Changyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chunhuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (W.J.)
| | - Wanquan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.F.); (X.D.); (S.W.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.T.); (C.W.); (C.C.)
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (W.J.)
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Genetic diversity of ribosomal loci (5S and 45S rDNA) and pSc119.2 repetitive DNA sequence among four species of Aegilops (Poaceae) from Algeria. UKRAINIAN BOTANICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj78.06.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In continuation of our previous research we carried out the karyological investigation of 53 populations of four Aegilops species (A. geniculata, A. triuncialis, A. ventricosa, and A. neglecta) sampled in different eco-geographical habitats in Algeria. The genetic variability of the chromosomal DNA loci of the same collection of Aegilops is highlighted by the Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization technique (FISH) using three probes: 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and repetitive DNA (pSc119.2). We found that the two rDNA loci (5S and 45S) hybridized with some chromosomes and showed a large genetic polymorphism within and between the four Aegilops species, while the repetitive DNA sequences (pSc119.2) hybridized with all chromosomes and differentiated the populations of the mountains with a humid bioclimate from the populations of the steppe regions with an arid bioclimate. However, the transposition of the physical maps of the studied loci (5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and pSc119.2) with those of other collections revealed the existence of new loci in Aegilops from Algeria.
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Li J, Li J, Cheng X, Zhao L, Yang Z, Wu J, Yang Q, Chen X, Zhao J. Molecular Cytogenetic and Agronomic Characterization of the Similarities and Differences Between Wheat- Leymus mollis Trin. and Wheat- Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 3Ns (3D) Substitution Lines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644896. [PMID: 33897735 PMCID: PMC8061751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) and Leymus mollis Trin. (2n = 4x = 28, NsNsXmXm) are valuable resources for wheat breeding improvement as they share the Ns genome, which contains diverse resistance genes. To explore the behaviors and traits of Ns chromosomes from the two species in wheat background, a series of wheat-P. huashanica and wheat-L. mollis substitution lines were developed. In the present study, line DH109 (F7 progeny of wheat-P. huashanica heptaploid line H8911 × durum wheat Trs-372) and line DM131 (F8 progeny of wheat-L. mollis octoploid line M842 × durum wheat Trs-372) were selected. Cytological observation combined with genomic in situ hybridization experiments showed that DH109 and DM131 each had 20 pairs of wheat chromosomes plus a pair of alien chromosomes (Ns chromosome), and the pair of alien chromosomes showed stable inheritance. Multiple molecular markers and wheat 55K SNP array demonstrated that a pair of wheat 3D chromosome in DH109 and in DM131 was substituted by a pair of P. huashanica 3Ns chromosome and a pair of L. mollis 3Ns chromosome, respectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis confirmed that wheat 3D chromosomes were absent from DH109 and DM131, and chromosomal FISH karyotypes of wheat 3D, P. huashanica 3Ns, and L. mollis 3Ns were different. Moreover, the two lines had many differences in agronomic traits. Comparing with their wheat parents, DH109 expressed superior resistance to powdery mildew and fusarium head blight, whereas DM131 had powdery mildew resistance, longer spike, and more tiller number. Therefore, Ns genome from P. huashanica and L. mollis might have some different effects. The two novel wheat-alien substitution lines provide new ideas and resources for disease resistance and high-yield breeding on further utilization of 3Ns chromosomes of P. huashanica or L. mollis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachuang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xueni Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zujun Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Qunhui Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xinhong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhong Chen,
| | - Jixin Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Jixin Zhao,
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Li J, Zhao L, Cheng X, Bai G, Li M, Wu J, Yang Q, Chen X, Yang Z, Zhao J. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a novel wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng T3DS-5NsL•5NsS and T5DL-3DS•3DL dual translocation line with powdery mildew resistance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:163. [PMID: 32293283 PMCID: PMC7161236 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) carries many outstanding agronomic traits, therefore is a valuable resource for wheat genetic improvement. Wheat-P. huashanica translocation lines are important intermediate materials for wheat breeding and studying the functions of alien chromosomes. However, powdery mildew resistance in these translocation lines has not been reported previously. RESULTS This study developed a novel wheat-P. huashanica translocation line TR77 by selecting a F7 progeny from the cross between heptaploid hybrid H8911 (2n = 7x = 49, AABBDDNs) and durum wheat line Trs-372. Chromosome karyotype of 2n = 42 = 21II was observed in both mitotic and meiotic stages of TR77. Genomic in situ hybridization analysis identified two translocated chromosomes that paired normally at meiosis stage in TR77. Molecular marker analysis showed that part of chromosome 5D was replaced by part of alien chromosome fragment 5Ns. It meant replacement made part 5DL and part 5NsL·5NsS existed in wheat background, and then translocation happened between these chromosomes and wheat 3D chromosome. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated that TR77 carries dual translocations: T3DS-5NsL·5NsS and T5DL-3DS·3DL. Analysis using a 15 K-wheat-SNP chip confirmed that SNP genotypes on the 5D chromosome of TR77 matched well with these of P. huashanica, but poorly with common wheat line 7182. The translocation was physically located between 202.3 and 213.1 Mb in 5D. TR77 showed longer spikes, more kernels per spike, and much better powdery mildew resistance than its wheat parents: common wheat line 7182 and durum wheat line Trs-372. CONCLUSIONS TR77 is a novel stable wheat-P. huashanica T3DS-5NsL·5NsS and T5DL-3DS·3DL dual translocation line and showed significant improved spike traits and resistance to powdery mildew compared to its parents, thus, it can be an useful germplasm for breeding disease resistance and studying the genetic mechanism of dual translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachuang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueni Cheng
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guihua Bai
- USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Mao Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qunhui Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zujun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Jixin Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering Breeding, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Koo DH, Liu W, Friebe B, Gill BS. Homoeologous recombination in the presence of Ph1 gene in wheat. Chromosoma 2016; 126:531-540. [PMID: 27909815 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-016-0622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A crossover (CO) and its cytological signature, the chiasma, are major features of eukaryotic meiosis. The formation of at least one CO/chiasma between homologous chromosome pairs is essential for accurate chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division and genetic recombination. Polyploid organisms with multiple sets of homoeologous chromosomes have evolved additional mechanisms for the regulation of CO/chiasma. In hexaploid wheat (2n = 6× = 42), this is accomplished by pairing homoeologous (Ph) genes, with Ph1 having the strongest effect on suppressing homoeologous recombination and homoeologous COs. In this study, we observed homoeologous COs between chromosome 5Mg of Aegilops geniculata and 5D of wheat in plants where Ph1 was fully active, indicating that chromosome 5Mg harbors a homoeologous recombination promoter factor(s). Further cytogenetic analysis, with different 5Mg/5D recombinants, showed that the homoeologous recombination promoting factor(s) may be located in proximal regions of 5Mg. In addition, we observed a higher frequency of homoeologous COs in the pericentromeric region between chromosome combination of rec5Mg#2S·5Mg#2L and 5D compared to 5Mg#1/5D, which may be caused by a small terminal region of 5DL homology present in chromosome rec5Mg#2. The genetic stocks reported here will be useful for analyzing the mechanism of Ph1 action and the nature of homoeologous COs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dal-Hoe Koo
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5502, USA
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5502, USA.,Laboratory of Cell and Chromosome Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Bernd Friebe
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5502, USA.
| | - Bikram S Gill
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5502, USA
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhu X, Guo W, Zhang T, Zhou B. Construction of a complete set of alien chromosome addition lines from Gossypium australe in Gossypium hirsutum: morphological, cytological, and genotypic characterization. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:1105-21. [PMID: 24553965 PMCID: PMC3997835 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the first complete set of alien addition lines of G. hirsutum . The characterized lines can be used to introduce valuable traits from G. australe into cultivated cotton. Gossypium australe is a diploid wild cotton species (2n = 26, GG) native to Australia that possesses valuable characteristics unavailable in the cultivated cotton gene pool, such as delayed pigment gland morphogenesis in the seed and resistances to pests and diseases. However, it is very difficult to directly transfer favorable traits into cultivated cotton through conventional gene recombination due to the absence of pairing and crossover between chromosomes of G. australe and Gossypium hirsutum (2n = 52, AADD). To enhance the transfer of favorable genes from wild species into cultivated cotton, we developed a set of hirsutum-australe monosomic alien chromosome addition lines (MAAL) using a combination of morphological survey, microsatellite marker-assisted selection, and molecular cytogenetic analysis. The amphidiploid (2n = 78, AADDGG) of G. australe and G. hirsutum was consecutively backcrossed with upland cotton to develop alien addition lines of individual G. australe chromosomes in G. hirsutum. From these backcross progeny, we generated the first complete set of chromosome addition lines in cotton; 11 of 13 lines are monosomic additions, and chromosomes 7G(a) and 13G(a) are multiple additions. MAALs of 1G(a) and 11G(a) were the first to be isolated. The chromosome addition lines can be employed as bridges for the transfer of desired genes from G. australe into G. hirsutum, as well as for gene assignment, isolation of chromosome-specific probes, flow sorting and microdissection of chromosome, development of chromosome-specific ''paints'' for fluorochrome-labeled DNA fragments, physical mapping, and selective isolation and mapping of cDNAs for a particular G. australe chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Pang Y, Chen X, Zhao J, Du W, Cheng X, Wu J, Li Y, Wang L, Wang J, Yang Q. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a wheat - Leymus mollis 3D(3Ns) substitution line with resistance to leaf rust. J Genet Genomics 2013; 41:205-14. [PMID: 24780618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger (NsNsXmXm, 2n = 28), a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that could be transferred to common wheat during breeding programs. In this study, the karyotypic constitution of a wheat - L. mollis 3D(3Ns#1) disomic substitution line isolated from the F5 progeny of octoploid Tritileymus M842-16 × Triticum durum cv. D4286, which was designated as 10DM57, was determined using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), SSR markers, and EST-STS markers. Screening of mitosis and meiosis showed that 10DM57 had a chromosome karyotype of 2n = 42 = 21II. GISH indicated that 10DM57 was a line with 40 chromosomes from wheat and two of the Ns chromosomes from L. mollis, which formed a ring bivalent in pollen mother cells at metaphase I. FISH analysis showed that the chromosome 3D may be replaced by 3Ns#1 in 10DM57. DNA markers, including SSR and EST-STS primers, showed that the pair of wheat chromosome 3D in 10DM57 was substituted by the pair of chromosome 3Ns#1 from L. mollis. Evaluation of the agronomic traits showed that, compared with its common wheat relative 7182, 10DM57 was resistant to leaf rust while the spike length and number of spikes per plant were improved significantly, which correlated with a higher wheat yield. The new germplasm, 10DM57, could be exploited as an intermediate material in wheat genetic and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Pang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinhong Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jixin Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Wanli Du
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xueni Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanli Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Liangming Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qunhui Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Development and characterization of a Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 7Ns chromosome addition line with leaf rust resistance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70879. [PMID: 23976963 PMCID: PMC3747159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a Triticum aestivum-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) disomic addition line 2-1-6-3. Individual line 2-1-6-3 plants were analyzed using cytological, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), EST-SSR, and EST-STS techniques. The alien addition line 2-1-6-3 was shown to have two P. huashanica chromosomes, with a meiotic configuration of 2n = 44 = 22 II. We tested 55 EST-SSR and 336 EST-STS primer pairs that mapped onto seven different wheat chromosomes using DNA from parents and the P. huashanica addition line. One EST-SSR and nine EST-STS primer pairs indicated that the additional chromosome of P. huashanica belonged to homoeologous group 7, the diagnostic fragments of five EST-STS markers (BE404955, BE591127, BE637663, BF482781 and CD452422) were cloned, sequenced and compared. The results showed that the amplified polymorphic bands of P. huashanica and disomic addition line 2-1-6-3 shared 100% sequence identity, which was designated as the 7Ns disomic addition line. Disomic addition line 2-1-6-3 was evaluated to test the leaf rust resistance of adult stages in the field. We found that one pair of the 7Ns genome chromosomes carried new leaf rust resistance gene(s). Moreover, wheat line 2-1-6-3 had a superior numbers of florets and grains per spike, which were associated with the introgression of the paired P. huashanica chromosomes. These high levels of disease resistance and stable, excellent agronomic traits suggest that this line could be utilized as a novel donor in wheat breeding programs.
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Megyeri M, Molnár-Láng M, Molnár I. Cytomolecular Identification of Individual Wheat-Wheat Chromosome Arm Associations in Wheat-Rye Hybrids. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 139:128-36. [DOI: 10.1159/000346047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Molnár I, Kubaláková M, Šimková H, Cseh A, Molnár-Láng M, Doležel J. Chromosome isolation by flow sorting in Aegilops umbellulata and Ae. comosa and their allotetraploid hybrids Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27708. [PMID: 22132127 PMCID: PMC3223179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential of flow cytometry for chromosome sorting in two wild diploid wheats Aegilops umbellulata and Ae. comosa and their natural allotetraploid hybrids Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata. Flow karyotypes obtained after the analysis of DAPI-stained chromosomes were characterized and content of chromosome peaks was determined. Peaks of chromosome 1U could be discriminated in flow karyotypes of Ae. umbellulata and Ae. biuncialis and the chromosome could be sorted with purities exceeding 95%. The remaining chromosomes formed composite peaks and could be sorted in groups of two to four. Twenty four wheat SSR markers were tested for their position on chromosomes of Ae. umbellulata and Ae. comosa using PCR on DNA amplified from flow-sorted chromosomes and genomic DNA of wheat-Ae. geniculata addition lines, respectively. Six SSR markers were located on particular Aegilops chromosomes using sorted chromosomes, thus confirming the usefulness of this approach for physical mapping. The SSR markers are suitable for marker assisted selection of wheat-Aegilops introgression lines. The results obtained in this work provide new opportunities for dissecting genomes of wild relatives of wheat with the aim to assist in alien gene transfer and discovery of novel genes for wheat improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Molnár
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Marie Kubaláková
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šimková
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - András Cseh
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Márta Molnár-Láng
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Liu W, Rouse M, Friebe B, Jin Y, Gill B, Pumphrey MO. Discovery and molecular mapping of a new gene conferring resistance to stem rust, Sr53, derived from Aegilops geniculata and characterization of spontaneous translocation stocks with reduced alien chromatin. Chromosome Res 2011; 19:669-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-011-9226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Molnár I, Cifuentes M, Schneider A, Benavente E, Molnár-Láng M. Association between simple sequence repeat-rich chromosome regions and intergenomic translocation breakpoints in natural populations of allopolyploid wild wheats. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2011; 107:65-76. [PMID: 21036694 PMCID: PMC3002473 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcq215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Repetitive DNA sequences are thought to be involved in the formation of chromosomal rearrangements. The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution of microsatellite clusters in Aegilops biuncialis and Aegilops geniculata, and its relationship with the intergenomic translocations in these allotetraploid species, wild genetic resources for wheat improvement. METHODS The chromosomal localization of (ACG)(n) and (GAA)(n) microsatellite sequences in Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata and in their diploid progenitors Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata was investigated by sequential in situ hybridization with simple sequence repeat (SSR) probes and repeated DNA probes (pSc119·2, Afa family and pTa71) and by dual-colour genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Thirty-two Ae. biuncialis and 19 Ae. geniculata accessions were screened by GISH for intergenomic translocations, which were further characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization and GISH. KEY RESULTS Single pericentromeric (ACG)(n) signals were localized on most U and on some M genome chromosomes, whereas strong pericentromeric and several intercalary and telomeric (GAA)(n) sites were observed on the Aegilops chromosomes. Three Ae. biuncialis accessions carried 7U(b)-7M(b) reciprocal translocations and one had a 7U(b)-1M(b) rearrangement, while two Ae. geniculata accessions carried 7U(g)-1M(g) or 5U(g)-5M(g) translocations. Conspicuous (ACG)(n) and/or (GAA)(n) clusters were located near the translocation breakpoints in eight of the ten translocated chromosomes analysed, SSR bands and breakpoints being statistically located at the same chromosomal site in six of them. CONCLUSIONS Intergenomic translocation breakpoints are frequently mapped to SSR-rich chromosomal regions in the allopolyploid species examined, suggesting that microsatellite repeated DNA sequences might facilitate the formation of those chromosomal rearrangements. The (ACG)(n) and (GAA)(n) SSR motifs serve as additional chromosome markers for the karyotypic analysis of UM genome Aegilops species.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Molnár
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Marta Cifuentes
- Departamento de Biotecnología (Genética), E. T. S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Annamária Schneider
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Elena Benavente
- Departamento de Biotecnología (Genética), E. T. S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Márta Molnár-Láng
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
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