1
|
Türkösi E, Szakács É, Ivanizs L, Farkas A, Gaál E, Said M, Darkó É, Cséplő M, Mikó P, Doležel J, Molnár-Láng M, Molnár I, Kruppa K. A chromosome arm from Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum ponticum hybrid confers increased tillering and yield potential in wheat. Mol Breed 2024; 44:7. [PMID: 38263978 PMCID: PMC10803699 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Tiller number is a key component of wheat plant architecture having a direct impact on grain yield. Because of their viability, biotic resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance, wild relative species are a valuable gene source for increasing wheat genetic diversity, including yield potential. Agropyron glael, a perennial hybrid of Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum, was created in the 1930s. Recent genome analyses identified five evolutionarily distinct subgenomes (J, Jst, Jvs, Jr, and St), making A. glael an important gene source for transferring useful agronomical traits into wheat. During a bread wheat × A. glael crossing program, a genetically stable translocation line, WT153397, was developed. Sequential in situ hybridizations (McGISH) with J-, St-, and D-genomic DNA probes and pSc119.2, Afa family, pTa71, and (GAA)7 DNA repeats, as well as molecular markers specific for the wheat 6D chromosome, revealed the presence of a 6DS.6Jvs Robertsonian translocation in the genetic line. Field trials in low-input and high-input breeding nurseries over four growing seasons demonstrated the Agropyron chromosome arm's high compensating ability for the missing 6DL, as spike morphology and fertility of WT153397 did not differ significantly from those of wheat parents, Mv9kr1 and 'Mv Karizma.' Moreover, the introgressed 6Jvs chromosome arm significantly increased the number of productive tillers, resulting in a significantly higher grain yield potential compared to the parental wheat cultivars. The translocated chromosome could be highly purified by flow cytometric sorting due to the intense fluorescent labeling of (GAA)7 clusters on the Thinopyrum chromosome arm, providing an opportunity to use chromosome genomics to identify Agropyron gene variant(s) responsible for the tillering capacity. The translocation line WT153397 is an important genetic stock for functional genetic studies of tiller formation and useful breeding material for increasing wheat yield potential. The study also discusses the use of the translocation line in wheat breeding. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01439-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Türkösi
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Éva Szakács
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Ivanizs
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - András Farkas
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Mahmoud Said
- Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia
- Agricultural Research Centre, Field Crops Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Éva Darkó
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Mónika Cséplő
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Péter Mikó
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Márta Molnár-Láng
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - István Molnár
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kruppa
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Farkas A, Gaál E, Ivanizs L, Blavet N, Said M, Holušová K, Szőke-Pázsi K, Spitkó T, Mikó P, Türkösi E, Kruppa K, Kovács P, Darkó É, Szakács É, Bartoš J, Doležel J, Molnár I. Chromosome genomics facilitates the marker development and selection of wheat-Aegilops biuncialis addition, substitution and translocation lines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20499. [PMID: 37993509 PMCID: PMC10665447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The annual goatgrass, Aegilops biuncialis is a rich source of genes with considerable agronomic value. This genetic potential can be exploited for wheat improvement through interspecific hybridization to increase stress resistance, grain quality and adaptability. However, the low throughput of cytogenetic selection hampers the development of alien introgressions. Using the sequence of flow-sorted chromosomes of diploid progenitors, the present study enabled the development of chromosome-specific markers. In total, 482 PCR markers were validated on wheat (Mv9kr1) and Ae. biuncialis (MvGB642) crossing partners, and 126 on wheat-Aegilops additions. Thirty-two markers specific for U- or M-chromosomes were used in combination with GISH and FISH for the screening of 44 Mv9kr1 × Ae. biuncialis BC3F3 genotypes. The predominance of chromosomes 4M and 5M, as well as the presence of chromosomal aberrations, may indicate that these chromosomes have a gametocidal effect. A new wheat-Ae. biuncialis disomic 4U addition, 4M(4D) and 5M(5D) substitutions, as well as several introgression lines were selected. Spike morphology and fertility indicated that the Aegilops 4M or 5M compensated well for the loss of 4D and 5D, respectively. The new cytogenetic stocks represent valuable genetic resources for the introgression of key genes alleles into wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Farkas
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary.
| | - László Ivanizs
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Nicolas Blavet
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mahmoud Said
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, 9 Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo, 12619, Egypt
| | - Kateřina Holušová
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kitti Szőke-Pázsi
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Tamás Spitkó
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Péter Mikó
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Edina Türkösi
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kruppa
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Péter Kovács
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Éva Darkó
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Éva Szakács
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Jan Bartoš
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - István Molnár
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
- Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Said M, Cápal P, Farkas A, Gaál E, Ivanizs L, Friebe B, Doležel J, Molnár I. Flow karyotyping of wheat- Aegilops additions facilitate dissecting the genomes of Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata into individual chromosomes. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1017958. [PMID: 36262648 PMCID: PMC9575658 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1017958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Breeding of wheat adapted to new climatic conditions and resistant to diseases and pests is hindered by a limited gene pool due to domestication and thousands of years of human selection. Annual goatgrasses (Aegilops spp.) with M and U genomes are potential sources of the missing genes and alleles. Development of alien introgression lines of wheat may be facilitated by the knowledge of DNA sequences of Aegilops chromosomes. As the Aegilops genomes are complex, sequencing relevant Aegilops chromosomes purified by flow cytometric sorting offers an attractive route forward. The present study extends the potential of chromosome genomics to allotetraploid Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata by dissecting their M and U genomes into individual chromosomes. Hybridization of FITC-conjugated GAA oligonucleotide probe to chromosomes suspensions of the two species allowed the application of bivariate flow karyotyping and sorting some individual chromosomes. Bivariate flow karyotype FITC vs. DAPI of Ae. biuncialis consisted of nine chromosome-populations, but their chromosome content determined by microscopic analysis of flow sorted chromosomes indicated that only 7Mb and 1Ub could be sorted at high purity. In the case of Ae. geniculata, fourteen chromosome-populations were discriminated, allowing the separation of nine individual chromosomes (1Mg, 3Mg, 5Mg, 6Mg, 7Mg, 1Ug, 3Ug, 6Ug, and 7Ug) out of the 14. To sort the remaining chromosomes, a partial set of wheat-Ae. biuncialis and a whole set of wheat-Ae. geniculata chromosome addition lines were also flow karyotyped, revealing clear separation of the GAA-rich Aegilops chromosomes from the GAA-poor A- and D-genome chromosomes of wheat. All of the alien chromosomes represented by individual addition lines could be isolated at purities ranging from 74.5% to 96.6% and from 87.8% to 97.7%, respectively. Differences in flow karyotypes between Ae. biuncialis and Ae. geniculata were analyzed and discussed. Chromosome-specific genomic resources will facilitate gene cloning and the development of molecular tools to support alien introgression breeding of wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Said
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Petr Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - András Farkas
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Ivanizs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Bernd Friebe
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - István Molnár
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH), Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Türkösi E, Ivanizs L, Farkas A, Gaál E, Kruppa K, Kovács P, Szakács É, Szőke-Pázsi K, Said M, Cápal P, Griffiths S, Doležel J, Molnár I. Transfer of the ph1b Deletion Chromosome 5B From Chinese Spring Wheat Into a Winter Wheat Line and Induction of Chromosome Rearrangements in Wheat- Aegilops biuncialis Hybrids. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:875676. [PMID: 35769292 PMCID: PMC9234525 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.875676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective utilization of genetic diversity in wild relatives to improve wheat requires recombination between wheat and alien chromosomes. However, this is suppressed by the Pairing homoeologous gene, Ph1, on the long arm of wheat chromosome 5B. A deletion mutant of the Ph1 locus (ph1b) has been used widely to induce homoeologous recombination in wheat × alien hybrids. However, the original ph1b mutation, developed in Chinese Spring (CS) background has poor agronomic performance. Hence, alien introgression lines are first backcrossed with adapted wheat genotypes and after this step, alien chromosome segments are introduced into breeding lines. In this work, the ph1b mutation was transferred from two CSph1b mutants into winter wheat line Mv9kr1. Homozygous genotypes Mv9kr1 ph1b/ph1b exhibited improved plant and spike morphology compared to Chinese Spring. Flow cytometric chromosome analysis confirmed reduced DNA content of the mutant 5B chromosome in both wheat genotype relative to the wild type chromosome. The ph1b mutation in the Mv9kr1 genotype allowed wheat-alien chromosome pairing in meiosis of Mv9kr1ph1b_K × Aegilops biuncialis F1 hybrids, predominantly with the Mb-genome chromosomes of Aegilops relative to those of the Ub genome. High frequency of wheat-Aegilops chromosome interactions resulted in rearranged chromosomes identified in the new Mv9kr1ph1b × Ae. Biuncialis amphiploids, making these lines valuable sources for alien introgressions. The new Mv9kr1ph1b mutant genotype is a unique resource to support alien introgression breeding of hexaploid wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Türkösi
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Ivanizs
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - András Farkas
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kruppa
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Péter Kovács
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Szent István Campus, MATE, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Éva Szakács
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Kitti Szőke-Pázsi
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Mahmoud Said
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Petr Cápal
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute for Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - István Molnár
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Said M, Holušová K, Farkas A, Ivanizs L, Gaál E, Cápal P, Abrouk M, Martis-Thiele MM, Kalapos B, Bartoš J, Friebe B, Doležel J, Molnár I. Development of DNA Markers From Physically Mapped Loci in Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata Using Single-Gene FISH and Chromosome Sequences. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:689031. [PMID: 34211490 PMCID: PMC8240756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.689031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Breeding of agricultural crops adapted to climate change and resistant to diseases and pests is hindered by a limited gene pool because of domestication and thousands of years of human selection. One way to increase genetic variation is chromosome-mediated gene transfer from wild relatives by cross hybridization. In the case of wheat (Triticum aestivum), the species of genus Aegilops are a particularly attractive source of new genes and alleles. However, during the evolution of the Aegilops and Triticum genera, diversification of the D-genome lineage resulted in the formation of diploid C, M, and U genomes of Aegilops. The extent of structural genome alterations, which accompanied their evolution and speciation, and the shortage of molecular tools to detect Aegilops chromatin hamper gene transfer into wheat. To investigate the chromosome structure and help develop molecular markers with a known physical position that could improve the efficiency of the selection of desired introgressions, we developed single-gene fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) maps for M- and U-genome progenitors, Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata, respectively. Forty-three ortholog genes were located on 47 loci in Ae. comosa and on 52 loci in Ae. umbellulata using wheat cDNA probes. The results obtained showed that M-genome chromosomes preserved collinearity with those of wheat, excluding 2 and 6M containing an intrachromosomal rearrangement and paracentric inversion of 6ML, respectively. While Ae. umbellulata chromosomes 1, 3, and 5U maintained collinearity with wheat, structural reorganizations in 2, 4, 6, and 7U suggested a similarity with the C genome of Aegilops markgrafii. To develop molecular markers with exact physical positions on chromosomes of Aegilops, the single-gene FISH data were validated in silico using DNA sequence assemblies from flow-sorted M- and U-genome chromosomes. The sequence similarity search of cDNA sequences confirmed 44 out of the 47 single-gene loci in Ae. comosa and 40 of the 52 map positions in Ae. umbellulata. Polymorphic regions, thus, identified enabled the development of molecular markers, which were PCR validated using wheat-Aegilops disomic chromosome addition lines. The single-gene FISH-based approach allowed the development of PCR markers specific for cytogenetically mapped positions on Aegilops chromosomes, substituting as yet unavailable segregating map. The new knowledge and resources will support the efforts for the introgression of Aegilops genes into wheat and their cloning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Said
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- Agricultural Research Centre, Field Crops Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Katerina Holušová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - András Farkas
- ELKH Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Ivanizs
- ELKH Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- ELKH Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Petr Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Michael Abrouk
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mihaela M. Martis-Thiele
- NBIS (National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory), Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- ELKH Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Jan Bartoš
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Bernd Friebe
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - István Molnár
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
- ELKH Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ivanizs L, Monostori I, Farkas A, Megyeri M, Mikó P, Türkösi E, Gaál E, Lenykó-Thegze A, Szőke-Pázsi K, Szakács É, Darkó É, Kiss T, Kilian A, Molnár I. Unlocking the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Wild Gene Source of Wheat, Aegilops biuncialis Vis., and Its Relationship With the Heading Time. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1531. [PMID: 31824545 PMCID: PMC6882925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic diversity of Aegilops biuncialis, a valuable source of agronomical useful genes, may significantly facilitate the introgression breeding of wheat. The genetic diversity and population structure of 86 Ae. biuncialis genotypes were investigated by 32700 DArT markers with the simultaneous application of three statistical methods- neighbor-joining clustering, Principal Coordinate Analysis, and the Bayesian approach to classification. The collection of Ae. biuncialis accessions was divided into five groups that correlated well with their eco-geographic habitat: A (North Africa), B (mainly from Balkans), C (Kosovo and Near East), D (Turkey, Crimea, and Peloponnese), and E (Azerbaijan and the Levant region). The diversity between the Ae. biuncialis accessions for a phenological trait (heading time), which is of decisive importance in the adaptation of plants to different eco-geographical environments, was studied over 3 years. A comparison of the intraspecific variation in the heading time trait by means of analysis of variance and principal component analysis revealed four phenotypic categories showing association with the genetic structure and geographic distribution, except for minor differences. The detailed exploration of genetic and phenologic divergence provides an insight into the adaptation capacity of Ae. biuncialis, identifying promising genotypes that could be utilized for wheat improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Ivanizs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - István Monostori
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - András Farkas
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Mária Megyeri
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Péter Mikó
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Edina Türkösi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gaál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | | | - Kitti Szőke-Pázsi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Éva Szakács
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Éva Darkó
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kiss
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Andrzej Kilian
- University of Canberra, Diversity Array Technologies, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - István Molnár
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ivanizs L, Farkas A, Linc G, Molnár-Láng M, Molnár I. Molecular cytogenetic and morphological characterization of two wheat-barley translocation lines. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198758. [PMID: 29889875 PMCID: PMC5995406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley chromosome 5H, carrying important QTLs for plant adaptation and tolerance to abiotic stresses, is extremely instable in the wheat genetic background and is eliminated in the early generations of wheat-barley crosses. A spontaneous wheat-barley 5HS-7DS.7DL translocation was previously obtained among the progenies of the Mv9kr1 x Igri hybrid. The present work reports on the transfer of the 5HS-7DS.7DL translocation into a modern wheat cultivar, Mv Bodri, in order to use it in the wheat breeding program. The comparison of the hybridization bands of DNA repeats HvT01, pTa71, (GAA)n and the barley centromere-specific (AGGGAG)n in Igri barley and the 5HS-7DS.7DL translocation, together with the visualization of the barley chromatin made it possible to determine the size of the introgressed barley segment, which was approximately 74% of the whole 5HS. Of the 29 newly developed PCR markers, whose source ESTs were selected from the Genome Zipper of barley chromosome 5H, 23 were mapped in the introgressed 1-0.26 FL 5HS bin, three were located in the missing C-0.26 FL region, while three markers were specific for 5HL. The translocation breakpoint was flanked by markers Hv7502 and Hv3949. A comparison of the parental wheat cultivars and the wheat-barley introgression lines indicated that the presence of the translocation improved tillering ability in the Mv9kr1 and Mv Bodri genetic background. The similar or better yield components under high- or low-input cultivation environments, respectively, indicated that the 5HS-7DS.7DL translocation had little or no negative effect on yield components, making it a promising genotype to improve wheat genetic diversity. These results promise to accelerate functional genomic studies on barley chromosome 5H and to support pre-breeding and breeding research on wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Ivanizs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary
| | - András Farkas
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Linc
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary
| | - Márta Molnár-Láng
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary
| | - István Molnár
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IEB), Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|