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Wang B, Meng T, Xiao B, Yu T, Yue T, Jin Y, Ma P. Fighting wheat powdery mildew: from genes to fields. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:196. [PMID: 37606731 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Host resistance conferred by Pm genes provides an effective strategy to control powdery mildew. The study of Pm genes helps modern breeding develop toward more intelligent and customized. Powdery mildew of wheat is one of the most destructive diseases seriously threatening the crop yield and quality worldwide. The genetic research on powdery mildew (Pm) resistance has entered a new era. Many Pm genes from wheat and its wild and domesticated relatives have been mined and cloned. Meanwhile, modern breeding strategies based on high-throughput sequencing and genome editing are emerging and developing toward more intelligent and customized. This review highlights mining and cloning of Pm genes, molecular mechanism studies on the resistance and avirulence genes, and prospects for genomic-assisted breeding for powdery mildew resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Bei Xiao
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Tianying Yu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Tingyan Yue
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yuli Jin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Wan W, Zhao R, Chen T, Wang L, Zhang X, Li H, Wang X, Bie T. Rapid development of wheat-Dasypyrum villosum compensating translocations resistant to powdery mildew using a triple marker strategy conducted on a large ph1b-induced population. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:148. [PMID: 37294325 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Twenty-two compensating wheat-Dasypyrum villosum translocations carrying the powdery mildew resistance gene PmV were developed using a triple marker selection strategy in a large homozygous ph1bph1b population. Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive wheat disease in China. Currently, nearly all resistant varieties grown in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River carry Pm21 which is present in a wheat-Dasypyrum villosum T6V#2S·6AL translocation. Its widespread use poses a strong risk of loss of effectiveness if the pathogen were to change. PmV, a Pm21 homolog carried by a wheat-D. villosum T6V#4S·6DL translocation, is also resistant to powdery mildew but is less transmittable and exploited in cultivars. To utilize PmV more effectively, a new recombinant translocation T6V#4S-6V#2S·6AL carrying PmV with a higher transmission rate was used as a basic material for inducing smaller alien translocations. A locally adapted ph1b-carrying line, Yangmai 23-ph1b, was crossed with T6V#4S-6V#2S·6AL to generate a homozygous ph1bph1b population of 6300 F3 individuals. A modified triple marker strategy based on three co-dominant markers including the functional marker MBH1 for PmV in combination with distal and proximal markers 6VS-GX4 and 6VS-GX17, respectively, was used to screen for new recombinants efficiently. Forty-eight compensating translocations were identified, 22 of which carried PmV. Two translocation lines, Dv6T25 with the shortest distal segment carrying PmV and Dv6T31 with the shortest proximal segment carrying PmV were identified, both expressed normal transmission and therefore could promote PmV in wheat breeding. This work exemplifies a model for rapid development of wheat-alien compensating translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tiantian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongde Bie
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Low and Middle Yangtze River Valley Wheat Region (Ministry of Agriculture), Yangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China.
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Han G, Yan H, Gu T, Cao L, Zhou Y, Liu W, Liu D, An D. Identification of a Wheat Powdery Mildew Dominant Resistance Gene in the Pm5 Locus for High-Throughput Marker-Assisted Selection. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:450-456. [PMID: 35815965 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-22-1545-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), poses a severe threat to wheat yield and quality worldwide. Rapid identification and the accurate transference of effective resistance genes are important to the development of resistant cultivars and the sustainable control of this disease. In the present study, the wheat line AL11 exhibited high levels of resistance to powdery mildew at both the seedling and adult plant stages. Genetic analysis of the AL11 × 'Shixin 733' mapping population revealed that its resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene, tentatively designated PmAL11. Using bulked segregant RNA-Seq and molecular marker analysis, PmAL11 was mapped to the Pm5 locus on chromosome 7B where it cosegregated with the functional marker Pm5e-KASP. Sequence alignment analysis revealed that the Pm5e-homologous sequence in AL11 was identical to the reported recessive gene Pm5e in wheat landrace 'Fuzhuang 30'. It appears that PmAL11 was most probably Pm5e, but it was mediated by a dominant inheritance pattern, so it should provide a valuable resistance resource for both genetic study and wheat breeding. To efficiently use and trace PmAL11 in breeding, a new kompetitive allele-specific PCR marker AL11-K2488 that cosegregated with this gene was developed and confirmed to be applicable in the different wheat backgrounds, thus promoting its use in the marker-assisted selection of PmAL11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohao Han
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050022, China
| | - Hanwen Yan
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050022, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050022, China
| | - Lijun Cao
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050022, China
| | - Yilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Diaoguo An
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050022, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Huang Z, Liu J, Lu X, Guo Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang R, Xing L, Cao A. Identification and transfer of a new Pm21 haplotype with high genetic diversity and a special molecular resistance mechanism. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:10. [PMID: 36658294 PMCID: PMC9852157 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A new functional Pm21 haplotype, Pm21(8#), was cloned from the new wheat-H. villosa translocation line T6VS(8#)·6DL, which confers the same strong resistance to powdery mildew through a different resistance mechanism. Broad-spectrum disease resistance genes are desirable in crop breeding for conferring stable, durable resistance in field production. Pm21(4#) is a gene introduced from wild Haynaldia villosa into wheat that confers broad-spectrum resistance to wheat powdery mildew and has been widely used in wheat production for approximately 30 years. The discovery and transfer of new functional haplotypes of Pm21 into wheat will expand its genetic diversity in production and avoid the breakdown of resistance conferred by a single gene on a large scale. Pm21(4#) previously found from T6VS(4#)·6AL has been cloned. In this study, a new wheat-H. villosa translocation, T6VS(8#)·6DL, was identified. A new functional Pm21 haplotype, designated Pm21(8#), was cloned and characterized. The genomic structures and the splicing patterns of Pm21(4#) and Pm21(8#) were different, and widespread sequence diversity was observed in the gene coding region and the promoter region. In the field, Pm21(8#) conferred resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), similar to Pm21(4#), indicating that Pm21(8#) was also a resistance gene. However, Bgt development during the infection stage was obviously different between Pm21(4#)- and Pm21(8#)-containing materials under the microscopic observation. Pm21(4#) inhibited the formation of haustoria and the development of hyphae in the initial infection stage, while Pm21(8#) limited the growth of hyphae and inhibited the formation of conidiophores in the late infection stage. Therefore, Pm21(8#) is a new functional Pm21 haplotype that provides a new gene resource for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpu Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000 China
| | - Xiangqian Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yifei Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yueying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yangqi Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liping Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aizhong Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Ma X, Chang Y, Chen J, Yu M, Wang B, Ye X, Lin Z. Development of wheat-Dasypyrum villosum T6V#4S·6AL translocation lines with enhanced inheritance for powdery mildew resistance. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2423-2435. [PMID: 35644815 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04124-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
New translocation lines with T6V#4S·6AL in the Ph1 and ph1b backgrounds were developed with improved inheritance of powdery mildew resistance. The wheat-Dasypyrum villosum T6V#4S·6DL translocation line Pm97033, which exhibits strong powdery mildew (PM) resistance, was developed many years ago, but has limited application in wheat breeding. One of the major reasons for this is that the translocation chromosome has low transmission rate, which makes it difficult to obtain ideal genotype through recombination with other elite agronomic traits in a limited segregating population. Further modifications are thus needed to make better use of this genetic resource. In this study, Pm97033 and the T6V#2S·6AL translocation line NY-W were hybridized with the CS ph1b mutant, and two F1 hybrids were hybridized with each other. Then, plants homozygous for the ph1b deletion carrying the alien chromosome arm(s) 6V#2S and 6V#4S were identified from the segregating populations using molecular markers. New T6V#4S·6AL and T6V#2-6V#4S·6AL translocations were identified by molecular markers and confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Individuals that were heterozygous or homozygous for the translocation chromosome in Ph1 and ph1b backgrounds were obtained. The ratio of PM resistance vs. susceptibility in the self-pollinated heterozygous plants was 3:1, and the phenotype was completely consistent with the KASP genotyping. Thus, the new translocation chromosomes had higher transmission rate than the original T6V#4S·6DL, and so can be effectively applied in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanan Chang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Baicui Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China for Biology and Genetic Breeding of Triticeae Crops, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhishan Lin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Zhang X, Wang W, Liu C, Zhu S, Gao H, Xu H, Zhang L, Song J, Song W, Liu K, He H, Ma P. Diagnostic Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR Markers of Wheat Broad-Spectrum Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes Pm21, PmV, and Pm12 Developed for High-Throughput Marker-Assisted Selection. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2844-2850. [PMID: 33881917 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0308-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew is a devastating disease that seriously threatens yield worldwide. Utilization of host resistance is considered an effective strategy to minimize powdery mildew damage. Pm21, PmV, and Pm12 confer broad-spectrum resistance to wheat powdery mildew in China, of which Pm21 and PmV are allelic genes derived from the 6VS chromosome of Dasypyrum villosum, and Pm12 is derived from the 6SS chromosome of Aegilops speltoides and most likely orthologous to the former two genes. To accurately and efficiently transfer and pyramid these genes using marker-assisted selection (MAS), distinctive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the exon sequences of Pm21, PmV, and Pm12 and their homologous sequences in the common wheat genome were identified and then used for developing diagnostic Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The markers were validated in different genotypes including transgenic vectors, transgenic lines, translocation lines, resistance stocks with documented Pm genes, and in multiple susceptible cultivars without Pm genes. As a result, we initially developed a KASP marker that can simultaneously diagnose Pm21, Pm12, and PmV. Subsequently, we obtained a highly diagnostic KASP marker for each of the three genes that could distinguish among the three genes and also accurately distinguish them from other resistant stocks with documented Pm genes and from multiple susceptible genotypes. Compared with previously reported markers, the highly diagnostic KASP markers developed in this study have the advantages of low cost, easy assay, accuracy, and potentially high throughput for MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Shanying Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Huiming Gao
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Lipei Zhang
- Yantai Jien Biological Science & Technology Ltd., Yantai, Shandong 265100, China
| | - Jiancheng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
- Yantai Jien Biological Science & Technology Ltd., Yantai, Shandong 265100, China
| | - Wenyue Song
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Kaichang Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Huagang He
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
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