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Tong J, Zhao C, Liu D, Jambuthenne DT, Sun M, Dinglasan E, Periyannan SK, Hickey LT, Hayes BJ. Genome-wide atlas of rust resistance loci in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:179. [PMID: 38980436 PMCID: PMC11233289 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Rust diseases, including leaf rust, stripe/yellow rust, and stem rust, significantly impact wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields, causing substantial economic losses every year. Breeding and deployment of cultivars with genetic resistance is the most effective and sustainable approach to control these diseases. The genetic toolkit for wheat breeders to select for rust resistance has rapidly expanded with a multitude of genetic loci identified using the latest advances in genomics, mapping and cloning strategies. The goal of this review was to establish a wheat genome atlas that provides a comprehensive summary of reported loci associated with rust resistance. Our atlas provides a summary of mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) and characterised genes for the three rusts from 170 publications over the past two decades. A total of 920 QTL or resistance genes were positioned across the 21 chromosomes of wheat based on the latest wheat reference genome (IWGSC RefSeq v2.1). Interestingly, 26 genomic regions contained multiple rust loci suggesting they could have pleiotropic effects on two or more rust diseases. We discuss a range of strategies to exploit this wealth of genetic information to efficiently utilise sources of resistance, including genomic information to stack desirable and multiple QTL to develop wheat cultivars with enhanced resistance to rust disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Tong
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Cong Zhao
- National Wheat Improvement Centre, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dilani T Jambuthenne
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mengjing Sun
- National Wheat Improvement Centre, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Eric Dinglasan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Sambasivam K Periyannan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- School of Agriculture and Environmental Science and Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
| | - Lee T Hickey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Ben J Hayes
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Kaur R, Vasistha NK, Ravat VK, Mishra VK, Sharma S, Joshi AK, Dhariwal R. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Powdery Mildew Resistance Loci in Bread Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3864. [PMID: 38005757 PMCID: PMC10675159 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), significantly threatens global bread wheat production. Although the use of resistant cultivars is an effective strategy for managing PM, currently available wheat cultivars lack sufficient levels of resistance. To tackle this challenge, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a diverse panel of 286 bread wheat genotypes. Over three consecutive years (2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023), these genotypes were extensively evaluated for PM severity under field conditions following inoculation with virulent Bgt isolates. The panel was previously genotyped using the Illumina 90K Infinium iSelect assay to obtain genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker coverage. By applying FarmCPU, a multilocus mixed model, we identified a total of 113 marker-trait associations (MTAs) located on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7A, and 7B at a significance level of p ≤ 0.001. Notably, four novel MTAs on chromosome 6B were consistently detected in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. Furthermore, within the confidence intervals of the identified SNPs, we identified 96 candidate genes belonging to different proteins including 12 disease resistance/host-pathogen interaction-related protein families. Among these, protein kinases, leucine-rich repeats, and zinc finger proteins were of particular interest due to their potential roles in PM resistance. These identified loci can serve as targets for breeding programs aimed at developing disease-resistant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Genetics-Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Sigh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Vasistha
- Department of Genetics-Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Sigh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Itanagar 791112, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Ravat
- Department of Plant Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Itanagar 791112, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Mishra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arun Kumar Joshi
- Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Regional Office, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Raman Dhariwal
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1 Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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Yan L, Song W, Wang Z, Yu D, Sudini H, Kang Y, Lei Y, Huai D, Chen Y, Wang X, Wang Q, Liao B. Dissection of the Genetic Basis of Resistance to Stem Rot in Cultivated Peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea L.) through Genome-Wide Association Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1447. [PMID: 37510351 PMCID: PMC10378806 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important oilseed and cash crop worldwide, contributing an important source of edible oil and protein for human nutrition. However, the incidence of stem rot disease caused by Athelia rolfsii poses a major challenge to peanut cultivation, resulting in significant yield losses. In this study, a panel of 202 peanut accessions was evaluated for their resistance to stem rot by inoculating plants in the field with A. rolfsii-infested oat grains in three environments. The mean disease index value of each environment for accessions in subsp. fasitigiate and subsp. hypogaea showed no significant difference. Accessions from southern China displayed the lowest disease index value compared to those from other ecological regions. We used whole-genome resequencing to analyze the genotypes of the accessions and to identify significant SNPs associated with stem rot resistance through genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 121 significant SNPs associated with stem rot resistance in peanut were identified, with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranging from 12.23% to 15.51%. A total of 27 candidate genes within 100 kb upstream and downstream of 23 significant SNPs were annotated, which have functions related to recognition, signal transduction, and defense response. These significant SNPs and candidate genes provide valuable information for further validation and molecular breeding to improve stem rot resistance in peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wanduo Song
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Dongyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hari Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India
| | - Yanping Kang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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Alemu A, Batista L, Singh PK, Ceplitis A, Chawade A. Haplotype-tagged SNPs improve genomic prediction accuracy for Fusarium head blight resistance and yield-related traits in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:92. [PMID: 37009920 PMCID: PMC10068637 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based haplotyping with subsequent SNP tagging improved the genomic prediction accuracy up to 0.07 and 0.092 for Fusarium head blight resistance and spike width, respectively, across six different models. Genomic prediction is a powerful tool to enhance genetic gain in plant breeding. However, the method is accompanied by various complications leading to low prediction accuracy. One of the major challenges arises from the complex dimensionality of marker data. To overcome this issue, we applied two pre-selection methods for SNP markers viz. LD-based haplotype-tagging and GWAS-based trait-linked marker identification. Six different models were tested with preselected SNPs to predict the genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) of four traits measured in 419 winter wheat genotypes. Ten different sets of haplotype-tagged SNPs were selected by adjusting the level of LD thresholds. In addition, various sets of trait-linked SNPs were identified with different scenarios from the training-test combined and only from the training populations. The BRR and RR-BLUP models developed from haplotype-tagged SNPs had a higher prediction accuracy for FHB and SPW by 0.07 and 0.092, respectively, compared to the corresponding models developed without marker pre-selection. The highest prediction accuracy for SPW and FHB was achieved with tagged SNPs pruned at weak LD thresholds (r2 < 0.5), while stringent LD was required for spike length (SPL) and flag leaf area (FLA). Trait-linked SNPs identified only from training populations failed to improve the prediction accuracy of the four studied traits. Pre-selection of SNPs via LD-based haplotype-tagging could play a vital role in optimizing genomic selection and reducing genotyping costs. Furthermore, the method could pave the way for developing low-cost genotyping methods through customized genotyping platforms targeting key SNP markers tagged to essential haplotype blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Admas Alemu
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | - Pawan K Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | | | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
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Raj SRG, Nadarajah K. QTL and Candidate Genes: Techniques and Advancement in Abiotic Stress Resistance Breeding of Major Cereals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:6. [PMID: 36613450 PMCID: PMC9820233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At least 75% of the world's grain production comes from the three most important cereal crops: rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and maize (Zea mays). However, abiotic stressors such as heavy metal toxicity, salinity, low temperatures, and drought are all significant hazards to the growth and development of these grains. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) discovery and mapping have enhanced agricultural production and output by enabling plant breeders to better comprehend abiotic stress tolerance processes in cereals. Molecular markers and stable QTL are important for molecular breeding and candidate gene discovery, which may be utilized in transgenic or molecular introgression. Researchers can now study synteny between rice, maize, and wheat to gain a better understanding of the relationships between the QTL or genes that are important for a particular stress adaptation and phenotypic improvement in these cereals from analyzing reports on QTL and candidate genes. An overview of constitutive QTL, adaptive QTL, and significant stable multi-environment and multi-trait QTL is provided in this article as a solid framework for use and knowledge in genetic enhancement. Several QTL, such as DRO1 and Saltol, and other significant success cases are discussed in this review. We have highlighted techniques and advancements for abiotic stress tolerance breeding programs in cereals, the challenges encountered in introgressing beneficial QTL using traditional breeding techniques such as mutation breeding and marker-assisted selection (MAS), and the in roads made by new breeding methods such as genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, and meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis. A combination of these conventional and modern breeding approaches can be used to apply the QTL and candidate gene information in genetic improvement of cereals against abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalaivani Nadarajah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Su H, Tan C, Liu Y, Chen X, Li X, Jones A, Zhu Y, Song Y. Physiology and Molecular Breeding in Sustaining Wheat Grain Setting and Quality under Spring Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214099. [PMID: 36430598 PMCID: PMC9693015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spring cold stress (SCS) compromises the reproductive growth of wheat, being a major constraint in achieving high grain yield and quality in winter wheat. To sustain wheat productivity in SCS conditions, breeding cultivars conferring cold tolerance is key. In this review, we examine how grain setting and quality traits are affected by SCS, which may occur at the pre-anthesis stage. We have investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in floret and spikelet SCS tolerance. It includes the protective enzymes scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), hormonal adjustment, and carbohydrate metabolism. Lastly, we explored quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that regulate SCS for identifying candidate genes for breeding. The existing cultivars for SCS tolerance were primarily bred on agronomic and morphophysiological traits and lacked in molecular investigations. Therefore, breeding novel wheat cultivars based on QTLs and associated genes underlying the fundamental resistance mechanism is urgently needed to sustain grain setting and quality under SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ashley Jones
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yulei Zhu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Youhong Song
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
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Li L, Yang X, Wang Z, Ren M, An C, Zhu S, Xu R. Genetic mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat landrace Guizi 1 via genotyping by sequencing. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4461-4468. [PMID: 35244868 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) powdery mildew (Pm), which caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease worldwide that causes severe yield losses in wheat. Resistant wheat cultivars easily lose their ability to effectively resist newly emerged Bgt strains; therefore, identifying new resistance genes is necessary for breeding resistant cultivars. METHODS AND RESULTS Guizi 1 (GZ1) is a Chinese wheat cultivar with moderate and stable resistance to Pm. Genetic analysis indicated that the Pm resistance of GZ1 was controlled by a single dominant gene, designated PmGZ1. In total, 110 F2 individual plants and their 2 parents were subjected to genotyping by sequencing (GBS), which yielded 23,134 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The SNP distributions across the 21 chromosomes ranged from 134 on chromosome 6D to 6288 on chromosome 3B. Chromosome 6A has 1866 SNPs, among which 16 are physically located between positions 307,802,221 and 309,885,836 in an approximate 2.3-cM region; this region also had the greatest SNP density. The average map distance between SNP markers was 0.1 cM. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) with a significant epistatic effect on Pm resistance was mapped to chromosome 6A. The logarithm of odds (LOD) value of PmGZ1 was 34.8, and PmGZ1 was located within the confidence interval marked by chr6a-307802221 and chr6a-309885836. Moreover, 74.7% of the phenotypic variance was explained by PmGZ1. Four candidate genes (which encoded two TaAP2-A and two actin proteins) were annotated maybe as resistance genes. CONCLUSIONS The present results provide valuable information for wheat genetic improvement, QTL fine mapping, and candidate gene validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhua Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xicui Yang
- Guizhou Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Zhongni Wang
- Guizhou Rice Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Mingjian Ren
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chang An
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Susong Zhu
- Guizhou Rice Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Ruhong Xu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China. .,Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Zhang X, Wang G, Qu X, Wang M, Guo H, Zhang L, Li T, Wang Y, Zhang H, Ji W. A truncated CC-NB-ARC gene TaRPP13L1-3D positively regulates powdery mildew resistance in wheat via the RanGAP-WPP complex-mediated nucleocytoplasmic shuttle. PLANTA 2022; 255:60. [PMID: 35133503 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A wheat RPP13-like isoform interacting with WPP1 contributes to quantitative and/or basal resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) by restricting the development of Bgt conidia. Plant disease resistance (R) genes confer an ability to resist infection by pathogens expressing specific avirulence genes. Recognition of Peronospora parasitica 13-like (RPP13-like) genes belong to the nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) superfamily and play important roles in resistance to various plant diseases. Previously, we detected a TaRPP13-like gene located on chromosome 3D (TaRPP13L1-3D) in the TaSpl1 resided region, which is strongly induced by the cell death phenotype (Zhang et al. 2021). Here, we investigated the expression and functional role of TaRPP13L1-3D in wheat responding to fungal stress. TaRPP13L1-3D encoded a typical NB-ARC structure characterized by Rx-N and P-loop NTPase domains. TaRPP13L1-3D transcripts were strongly upregulated in wheat by powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici; Bgt) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Pst) infection although opposing expression patterns were observed in response to wheat-Bgt in incompatible and compatible backgrounds. Overexpression of TaRPP13L1-3D enhanced disease resistance to Bgt, accompanied by upregulation of the defense-related marker genes encoding phytoalexin-deficient4 (PAD4), thaumatin-like protein (TLP) and chitinase 8-like protein (Chi8L), while silencing of TaRPP13L1-3D disrupted the resistance to Bgt infection. Subcellular localization studies showed that TaRPP13L1-3D is located in both the plasma membrane and nucleus, while yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) assays indicated that TaRPP13L1-3D interacts with WPP domain-containing protein 1 (TaWPP1). This indicates that TaRPP13L1-3D shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm membrane via a mechanism that is mediated by the RanGAP-WPP complex in nuclear pores. This insight into TaRPP13L1-3D will be useful in dissecting the mechanism of fungal resistance in wheat, and understanding the interaction between R gene expression and pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wanquan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
- Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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