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Butter SE, Sabri B, Hanson GC, Campbell JC. Empowerment Moderates the Relationship Between Partner Abuse and Suicidal Ideation for Immigrant Women. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2024; 62:19-28. [PMID: 38537108 PMCID: PMC11371538 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20240308-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research shows strong associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) among women and suicidal ideation but this topic is understudied among immigrant women in abusive relationships in the United States. Empowerment may play a significant role in protecting abused immigrant women from suicidal ideation but has not been studied with quantitative data. METHOD The current study used convenience sampling. Immigrant women who experienced IPV were asked about IPV severity, empowerment, and where they were born. Bivariate associations among variables were assessed; empowerment was tested as a moderator of the relationship between IPV and suicidal ideation. RESULTS The sample comprised 293 immigrant women, with 62.8% reporting suicidal ideation with a significantly greater proportion of women from South America than elsewhere reporting suicidal ideation. Empowerment buffered the effect of IPV on suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Prevalence of suicidal ideation among immigrant women experiencing IPV is concerning. Severity of IPV, region of the world where women were born, and empowerment were all related to suicidal ideation, showing directions for future research. Empowerment nursing interventions are needed to address IPV and resulting mental health problems among immigrant women. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(9), 19-28.].
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2
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Lee CS, Sirin SR, Choi E, Sin EJ. Meta-Analysis of Acculturation and Suicide-Related Outcomes: A Test of the Immigrant Paradox. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:913-927. [PMID: 36943654 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to systematically test the relation between acculturation and suicide-related outcomes among immigrants, with attention to key methodological (i.e., measure of suicide-related outcome, measure of acculturation) and demographic (i.e., race, gender, age, geographic region, publication year) moderators. METHOD We conducted a meta-analysis of 72 independent samples from 50 studies (38 peer-reviewed articles, 12 dissertations) representing more than 1.4 million immigrants. Participants' age ranged from 11.20 to 74.70 years (M = 29.96, SD = 15.07). Random effects models were used for both main and moderation analyses. RESULTS We found significant positive associations between acculturation and suicidal ideation, but not suicide attempts and deaths. We also found a significant and positive effect of acculturation on suicide-related outcomes when acculturation was measured by psychological scales, but not by generation status, length of residence in the host country, and proficiency in the host country's language. More acculturated Latinx immigrants were at higher risk for suicide-related outcomes, whereas a reverse pattern was found among Asian immigrants. Meta-regressions revealed that the moderating effects of participants' age and publication year were also significant. CONCLUSION Our results show partial support for the immigrant paradox but suggest that the relation between acculturation and suicide-related outcomes is complex and multifaceted. We discuss the implications of our findings and recommendations for research and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Seowoo Lee
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, 246 Greene St, New York, NY, 10004, USA.
| | - Selcuk R Sirin
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, 246 Greene St, New York, NY, 10004, USA
| | - Elysia Choi
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, 246 Greene St, New York, NY, 10004, USA
| | - Esther J Sin
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, 246 Greene St, New York, NY, 10004, USA
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3
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Brenes F, Henriquez F, Cachon P. Call for Inclusive and Diverse Suicide Prevention Strategies Among Cuban Americans: A Brief Report. HISPANIC HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL 2023; 21:4-8. [PMID: 35291845 DOI: 10.1177/15404153221085959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death in Hispanics globally and nationally. Intentional death rates were higher in Cuba than Mexico in 2016. In the United States (US), suicide mortality rates were greater among Hispanics in rural than urban areas from 2001 to 2015. Although the US lacks suicide research in undocumented Hispanics, few studies have reported increased risk in immigrants. Limited research also indicates higher intentional death rates in Cuban Americans compared with other Hispanic American subgroups. However, suicide prevention strategies for at-risk Cuban Americans are lacking due to a scarcity of research among diverse Hispanics. Researchers could collaborate with health care providers to develop effective suicide prevention methods for Cuban Americans with suicidal problems. This report provides an overview of suicidal behavior in Hispanic Americans with a focus on Cuban Americans. Gaps related to the research topic, as well as recommendations for practice, research, and health policy, are provided in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Brenes
- Florida International University, Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, North Miami, FL, USA
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4
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Brenes F. Mental Health Disparities and Suicide Risk in U.S. Hispanic Immigrants. J Transcult Nurs 2023; 34:178-180. [PMID: 36825793 DOI: 10.1177/10436596231158137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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5
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Goldin D, Maltseva T, Scaccianoce M, Brenes F. Holistic Psychosocial Approaches in the Care of Hispanic Victims of Trauma: An Overview. J Holist Nurs 2022; 41:7-16. [PMID: 35234058 DOI: 10.1177/08980101221083162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The collapse of the Champlain Towers South (CTS), a condominium in Miami, Florida, left a diverse group of survivors and healthcare clinicians tasked with finding ways of coping with the disaster. Within seconds, the CTS collapse became a global tragedy due to the coastal neighborhood's rich international mix of residents. Although this tragedy impacted communities across globe, a large population of Hispanic victims lived in CTS that were deeply affected. Culturally adaptive interventions and holistic healthcare for Hispanic individuals are highly relevant because Hispanic Americans represent one of the fastest growing demographic groups in the United States. To reach, engage, and address the needs of Hispanic victims, this article provides an overview of psychosocial factors that influence Hispanic victims with trauma and discusses holistic psychotherapeutic approaches in nursing care that can be applied to improve victims' well-being. Culture is an important consideration in health; therefore, this article highlights and operationalizes culturally tailored holistic nursing care that draws from the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of health and well-being that can be used in clinical settings with Hispanic clients who have experienced trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deana Goldin
- 5450Florida International University, 15803Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Tatayana Maltseva
- 5450Florida International University, 15803Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Monica Scaccianoce
- 5450Florida International University, 15803Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Francisco Brenes
- 5450Florida International University, 15803Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
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6
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Salama E, Castaneda AE, Suvisaari J, Rask S, Laatikainen T, Niemelä S. Substance use, affective symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish migrants in Finland. Transcult Psychiatry 2022; 59:37-51. [PMID: 32164497 PMCID: PMC8859688 DOI: 10.1177/1363461520906028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Comorbidity of substance use with affective symptoms and suicidality has been well documented in the general population. However, population-based migrant studies about this association are scarce. We examined the association of affective symptoms and suicidal ideation with binge drinking, daily smoking, and lifetime cannabis use among Russian, Somali, and Kurdish migrants in comparison with the Finnish general population. Cross-sectional data from the Finnish Migrant Health and Wellbeing Study (Maamu, n = 1307) and comparison group data of the general Finnish population (n = 860) from the Health 2011 Survey were used. Substance use included self-reported current binge drinking, daily smoking, and lifetime cannabis use. Affective symptoms and suicidal ideation were measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). We performed multivariate logistic regression analyses, including age, gender, and additional socio-demographic and migration-related factors. Suicidal ideation (OR 2.4 95% CI 1.3-4.3) was associated with binge drinking among Kurds and lifetime cannabis use among Russians (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.9-17.0) and Kurds (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.9-15.6). Affective symptoms were associated with daily smoking (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.02-2.6) and lifetime cannabis use (OR 6.1, 95% CI 2.6-14.5) among Kurdish migrants. Our results draw attention to the co-occurrence of suicidal ideation, affective symptoms, and substance use, especially among Kurdish migrants. These results highlight the variation of comorbidity of substance use and affective symptoms between the different populations. This implies that screening for substance use in mental healthcare cannot be neglected based on presumed habits of substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi Salama
- Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Anu E Castaneda
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Shadia Rask
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.,Joint municipal authority for North Karelia social and health services (Siun sote), Finland
| | - Solja Niemelä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland.,Addiction Psychiatry Unit, Turku University Hospital, Finland
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7
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Immigrant Disparities in Suicide Ideation: Variation Across Age of Migration, Gender, and Nativity. J Immigr Minor Health 2020; 22:881-887. [DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-00993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Ikonte CO, Prigmore HL, Dawson AZ, Egede LE. Trends in prevalence of depression and serious psychological distress in United States immigrant and non-immigrant populations, 2010 - 2016. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:719-725. [PMID: 32664007 PMCID: PMC7363966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of depression and serious psychological distress (SPD) among adult United States (US) immigrants and US-born; and to investigate trends in depression and SPD. METHODS National Health Interview Survey data (2010 - 2016) was analyzed. Chi-square tests were used to measure differences in prevalence of SPD between US-born and immigrants, and differences in prevalence of depression. Logistic regression models were used to measure the association between mental health outcomes (depression, SPD) and predictors (nativity, length of residence). General linear models were used to investigate depression and SPD trends. RESULTS 101,142 US adults were included in the analysis. Immigrants were found to be 11% (OR 0.89, 95% CI [0.85,0.95]) less likely to suffer from depression compared to US-born. US-born (p<0.0001) had a higher prevalence of depression compared to immigrants, and prevalence of depression decreased overtime (p=0.011) for immigrants and US-born individuals. Immigrants who lived in the US 15+ years were 17% (OR 1.17, 95% CI [1.00,1.36]) more likely to have SPD compared to those who were born in the US. Among immigrants, as length of residence increased the prevalence of SPD (p=0.002) and depression (p<0.0001) increased. LIMITATIONS This study examines immigrants as an entire population, not accounting for differences in immigrant status or immigrant ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS While the prevalence of depression is lower in immigrants compared to US-born, being an immigrant in the US for more than 15 years increases risk of SPD to the point of surpassing that of US-born individuals and increases risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijioke O. Ikonte
- Department of Medicine, Medical School, Medical College of Wisconsin, CLCC-5th Floor, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Heather L. Prigmore
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226,Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Aprill Z. Dawson
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226,Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Leonard E. Egede
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226,Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226
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9
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Alkaid Albqoor M, Chen JL, Weiss S, Waters C, Choi J. Self-rated health of Middle Eastern immigrants in the US: a national study. Public Health 2019; 180:64-73. [PMID: 31855621 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to examine self-rated health (SRH) of Middle Eastern immigrants in the US compared with US-born non-Hispanic whites and to examine factors associated with fair/poor SRH among Middle Eastern immigrants in the US. STUDY DESIGN We used a cross-sectional design to analyze the National Health Interview Survey from 2001 to 2015. METHODS Secondary survey analysis procedures were conducted using the SAS program, with a total of 3,966 Middle Eastern and 731,285 US-born non-Hispanic whites. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were used. RESULTS Middle Eastern immigrants had significantly higher rates of fair/poor SRH than US-born whites across the three survey waves. Reporting symptoms of serious psychological distress, older age (60+ years), current alcohol-drinking status, and having a family member with disability were the factors associated significantly with higher odds of reporting fair/poor SRH in Middle Eastern immigrants, whereas education was a protecting factor of fair/poor SRH. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that Middle Eastern immigrants are one of the US immigrant populations that report poor health status, which reveals the need for health policy attention to reduce health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J L Chen
- University of California San Francisco, Family Health Care Nursing, USA.
| | - S Weiss
- University of California San Francisco, Community Health Systems, USA.
| | - C Waters
- University of California San Francisco, Community Health Systems, USA.
| | - J Choi
- University of California San Francisco, Institute for Health Aging, USA.
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10
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Valentine SE, Marques L, Wang Y, Ahles EM, Dixon De Silva L, Alegría M. Gender differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by racial and ethnic group. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2019; 61:60-68. [PMID: 31715388 PMCID: PMC6870874 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a robust literature base documenting gender differences and racial/ethnic differences in exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the risk of PTEs and PTSD between genders, stratified by race/ethnicity. We aimed to better understand whether factors associated with poor psychological adjustment following PTEs (e.g., PTE type, sociodemographic factors, social support) varied by gender and race/ethnicity. METHOD Data were collected from three U.S.-based national studies comprising the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiologic Surveys (CPES; N = 13,649). Trained lay interviewers administered questionnaires and collected data on PTE exposure, PTSD, and psychosocial covariates. Regression analyses were conducted to investigate relations between PTEs, PTSD, and gender, stratified by race/ethnicity. RESULTS Adjusting for sociodemographic variables, mental health comorbidity, social support, and PTE frequency, White, African-American, and Afro-Caribbean women had higher odds of PTSD than men in their respective racial/ethnic groups, whereas gender differences were not observed for Latinos or Asians. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that risk of exposure to PTEs and PTSD may differ by gender and race/ethnicity. Future studies should consider the contributions of social, cultural, and contextual factors in estimating PTSD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Valentine
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America.
| | - Luana Marques
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Emily M Ahles
- College of Applied Behavioral Sciences, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Louise Dixon De Silva
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Margarita Alegría
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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11
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Sheehan DM, Dillon FR, Babino R, Melton J, Spadola C, Da Silva N, De La Rosa M. Recruiting and Assessing Recent Young Adult Latina Immigrants in Health Disparities Research. JOURNAL OF MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017; 44:245-262. [PMID: 28163365 DOI: 10.1002/jmcd.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors interviewed 4 researchers to identify facilitators in recruiting and assessing Latina immigrants. The 4 researchers recruited 530 recent Latina immigrants (ages 18-23 years) for a study of social and cultural determinants of health. Consensual qualitative research methods revealed that respondent-driven sampling was an effective recruitment method. Fear of deportation was a barrier. Stigma about sensitive topics (e.g., sex, drug use) did not affect participation. Findings can help counselors conduct health disparities research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Sheehan
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - Frank R Dillon
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - Rosa Babino
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - James Melton
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - Christine Spadola
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - Nicole Da Silva
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
| | - Mario De La Rosa
- Diana M. Sheehan, Department of Epidemiology, Rosa Babino, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, James Melton and Christine Spadola, School of Social Work, and Mario De La Rosa, The Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse and School of Social Work, all at Florida International University; Frank R. Dillon and Nicole Da Silva, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
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Conejero I, Lopez-Castroman J, Giner L, Baca-Garcia E. Sociodemographic Antecedent Validators of Suicidal Behavior: A Review of Recent Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18:94. [PMID: 27595860 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-016-0732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Suicidal behavior and its prevention constitute a major public health issue. Etiology of suicidal behavior is multifactorial. Whereas current research is mostly focused on clinical and biological risk factors, the sociodemographic risk factors for suicidal behavior, first highlighted by Durkheim, have received less attention. Besides the well-known impact of age and gender, sociodemographic variables such as marital and parental status, education, occupation, income, employment status, religion, migration or minority status, and sexual orientation are repeatedly reported to play an important role in suicidal behavior. This narrative review aimed to summarize recent research on sociodemographic risk factors for suicidal behavior and to elicit possible implications for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Conejero
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jorge Lopez-Castroman
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France. .,Inserm U1061, Hôpital La Colombiere, Pavillon 42, 39 Av Charles Flauhault, BP: 34493, 34093, Montpellier, France. .,University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, 34000, France.
| | - Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Department of Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry at the New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Fortuna LR, Álvarez K, Ramos Ortiz Z, Wang Y, Mozo Alegría X, Cook BL, Alegría M. Mental health, migration stressors and suicidal ideation among Latino immigrants in Spain and the United States. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 36:15-22. [PMID: 27311103 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immigration stress appears to augment the risk for suicide behaviors for Latinos. Yet, specific risk factors that contribute to suicidal ideation (SI) among diverse Latino immigrant populations are not well established. METHODS Data were collected in Boston, Madrid and Barcelona using a screening battery assessing mental health, substance abuse risk, trauma exposure, demographics, and sociocultural factors. Prevalence rates of lifetime and 30-day SI were compared across sites. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and sociocultural-contextual factors associated with 30-day SI. RESULTS Five hundred and sixty-seven Latino patients from primary care, behavioral health and HIV clinics and community agencies participated. Rates of lifetime SI ranged from 29-35%; rates for 30-day SI were 21-23%. Rates of SI were not statistically different between sites. Factors associated with SI included exposure to discrimination, lower ethnic identity, elevated family conflict, and low sense of belonging (P<0.01). In the adjusted model, higher scores on depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and trauma exposure were significantly associated with 30-day SI (OR=1.14, 1.04, and 7.76, respectively). Greater number of years living in the host country was significantly associated with increased odds of having SI (OR=2.22) while having citizenship status was associated with lower odds (OR=0.45). CONCLUSION Latinos suffering depression, trauma exposure, and immigration stressors are more likely to experience SI. Despite differences in country of origin, education, and other demographic factors between countries, rates of SI did not differ. Recommendations for prevention and clinical practice for addressing suicidal ideation risk among Latino immigrants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Fortuna
- Boston University Medical School, Boston Medical Center, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 850, Harrison Avenue, Dowling Building, 7th Floor, Boston, MA 02118 USA; Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50, Staniford Street, Suite 830 Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - K Álvarez
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50, Staniford Street, Suite 830 Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Z Ramos Ortiz
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50, Staniford Street, Suite 830 Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Y Wang
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50, Staniford Street, Suite 830 Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - X Mozo Alegría
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B L Cook
- Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance and Harvard Medical School, 1035, Cambridge Street, Cambridge MA 02141 USA
| | - M Alegría
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 50, Staniford Street, Suite 830 Boston, MA 02114 USA.
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14
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Webb RT, Antonsen S, Mok PLH, Agerbo E, Pedersen CB. National Cohort Study of Suicidality and Violent Criminality among Danish Immigrants. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131915. [PMID: 26121654 PMCID: PMC4488292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immigrant populations in western societies have grown in their size and diversity yet evidence is incomplete for their risks of suicidality and criminal violence. We examined these correlated harmful behaviours in a national cohort. AIMS (i) Compare absolute risk between first and second generation immigrants, foreign-born adoptees and native Danes by plotting cumulative incidence curves to onset of early middle age; (ii) estimate sex-specific relative risks for these immigrant type subgroups vs. native Danes; (iii) examine effect modification by higher vs. lower socio-economic status. METHODS In a cohort of over two million persons, attempted suicides and violent crimes were investigated using data from multiple interlinked registers. We plotted sex-specific cumulative incidence curves and estimated incidence rate ratios. RESULTS In the whole study cohort, 1414 people died by suicide, 46,943 attempted suicide, and 51,344 were convicted of committing a violent crime. Among all immigrant subgroups combined, compared with native Danes, relative risk of attempted suicide was greater in female immigrants (incidence rate ratio, 1.59; 95% confidence interval: CI 1.54-1.64) than in male immigrants (1.26; CI 1.20-1.32), and vice versa for relative risk of violent offending in male immigrants (2.36; CI 2.31-2.42) than in female immigrants (1.74; CI 1.62-1.87). Risk for both adverse outcomes was significantly elevated in virtually every gender-specific immigrant type subgroup examined. Violent crime risk was markedly raised in first generation immigrant males and in the Danish born male children of two immigrant parents. However, male immigrants of lower social status had lower risk of attempted suicide than their native Danish peers. CONCLUSION Young immigrants of both first and second generation status face serious challenges and vulnerabilities that western societies need to urgently address. Relative risk patterns for these adverse outcomes vary greatly between the genders and also by socioeconomic status. This high degree of heterogeneity points to the existence of modifiable factors that are amenable to positive change and a potential for effective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger T. Webb
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Sussie Antonsen
- NCRR—National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- CIRRAU—Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pearl L. H. Mok
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Esben Agerbo
- NCRR—National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- CIRRAU—Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten B. Pedersen
- NCRR—National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- CIRRAU—Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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