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Degli Esposti D, Lalouette A, Gaget K, Lepeule L, Chaabi Z, Leprêtre M, Espeyte A, Delorme N, Quéau H, Garnero L, Calevro F, Chaumot A, Geffard O. Identification and organ-specific patterns of expression of two metallothioneins in the sentinel species Gammarus fossarum. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 269:110907. [PMID: 37827361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution is a major concern for aquatic environments. Widespread contamination by various trace metal ions has been described in freshwater streams as well as their subsequent bioaccumulation, potentially leading to toxicity and trophic transfer. Metallothioneins constitute an evolutionary conserved family of low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-chelating proteins, whose known physiological functions are the maintenance of the homeostasis of essential metals, the detoxification of non-essential metals, and the protection against oxidative stress and free radicals. In this study, we identified two metallothionein-coding transcripts, mt1 and mt2, in the transcriptome of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum, a sentinel species widely used to assess the quality of watersheds. For the first time, we investigated the organ-specific patterns of expression of these two mt transcripts at the individual level in the gills and the caeca of this small crustacean. In silico analysis and experimental exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations of cadmium, zinc and silver showed that G. fossarum mt1 induction is stronger after Cd exposure compared to the other tested metals. G. fossarum mt1 was more significantly induced in the caeca than in the gills of exposed organisms for any metal exposure, while G. fossarum mt2 was, at least at the individual level, more inducible in the gills than in the caeca of G. fossarum exposed to Cd and Zn. Our results provide new genetic resources that will help to improve the understanding of metal homeostasis in this sentinel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Degli Esposti
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Auréline Lalouette
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karen Gaget
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, Université de Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Louveline Lepeule
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Zineb Chaabi
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maxime Leprêtre
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anabelle Espeyte
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laura Garnero
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Federica Calevro
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR 203, Université de Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Ecotoxicology Team. Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS 20244, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
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Rabajdová M, Špaková I, Smolko L, Abrahamovská M, Baranovičová B, Birková A, Vašková J, Mareková M. Serum trace element levels and activity of enzymes associated with oxidative stress in endometriosis and endometrial cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:148-157. [PMID: 37968795 PMCID: PMC10761925 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis and endometrial cancer are closely related to oxidative stress. However, the direct relationship between copper and zinc levels and oxidative stress in the extracellular and intracellular space remains unclear. The presented study is focused on the determination of serum Zn and Cu levels, glutathione concentration and enzyme activity in three groups: patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC), patients diagnosed with endometriosis (EM), and a healthy control group. Spectrophotometric determination of trace elements revealed that levels of zinc and copper were lower in blood plasma of patients with endometriosis as compared with the other groups; however, there were no significant differences in the Cu/Zn ratio. Furthermore, significantly increased blood serum glutathione levels were detected in both EM and EC groups compared with the control group. While the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was similar across the studied groups, we observed differences in the activity of other enzymes associated with oxidative stress, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), between the control group and the EM and EC patients. Additionally, analysis of gene expression based on free circulating mRNA indicated significant differences in the expression of SOD isoenzymes between the patient groups and the control group; expression of GPx isoenzymes was also altered. Obtained results may have potential application in diagnostics as well as monitoring of endometriosis and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Lukáš Smolko
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Michaela Abrahamovská
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Barbora Baranovičová
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Anna Birková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineP. J. Šafárik University in KošiceSlovakia
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Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17196. [PMID: 34433897 PMCID: PMC8387377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg-1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75 mg kg-1 of CdSO4 concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg-1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg-1 of CdSO4 + uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phyto availability and toxicity of Cd.
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Comparative transcriptome analysis of the gills and hepatopancreas from Macrobrachium rosenbergii exposed to the heavy metal Cadmium (Cd 2+). Sci Rep 2021; 11:16140. [PMID: 34373575 PMCID: PMC8352946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95709-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal Cadmium (Cd2+) pollution has become a severe environmental problem for aquatic organisms. In crustaceans, gills (Gi) and hepatopancreas (Hp) play a vital role in the toxicology. However, in Macrobrachium rosenbergill, there are few researches about gill and hepatopancreases responding to Cd2+ stress at a molecular level. In this study, transcriptomic analysis was applied to characterize gene expression profiles of gills and hepatopancreas of M. rosenbergill after Cd2+ exposure for 0 h, 3 h and 3 d. Six cDNA libraries (Gi 0 h, Gi 3 h, Gi 3 d, Hp 0 h, Hp 3 h, and Hp 3 d) were constructed and a total of 66,676 transcripts and 48,991 unigenes were annotated. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were isolated by comparing the Cd2+ treated time-point libraries (3 h and 3 d group) with the control library (0 h group). The results showed that most of the DEGs were down-regulated after Cd2+ exposure and the number of DEGs among gill groups were significantly higher than those among hepatopancreas groups. GO functional and KEGG pathway analysis suggested many key DEGs in response to the Cd2+ stress, such as metallothionein and Hemocyanin. Additionally, a total of six DEGs were randomly selected to further identify their expressional profile by qPCR. The results indicated that these DEGs were involved in the response to Cd2+. This comparative transcriptome provides valuable molecular information on the mechanisms of responding to Cd2+ stress in M. rosenbergii, which lays the foundation for further understanding of heavy metal stress.
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Feng Y, Zeng JW, Ma Q, Zhang S, Tang J, Feng JF. Serum copper and zinc levels in breast cancer: A meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126629. [PMID: 32745979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More and more studies have investigated the relationship between serum copper (Cu) and/or zinc (Zn) levels and breast cancer (BC). However, the results are inconsistent. It is unclear whether the serum Cu to Zn ratio (Cu/Zn) is associated with BC risk. Therefore, we evaluated serum Cu and Zn concentrations, and Cu/Zn in BC through meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies reporting serum Cu and/or Zn concentrations in BC patients and controls from 1991 to 2020 were identified from PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases online. Based on a random effects model, summary standard mean differences (SMDs) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) were applied to compare the serum levels of Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn between BC patients and controls. RESULTS Thirty-six eligible studies involving 5747 female subjects were included. The present study illustrated that the BC patients had significantly higher serum Cu levels than healthy controls (HC) (SMD (95 % CI): 1.99(1.48, 2.49)) and patients with benign breast diseases (BD) (SMD (95 % CI): 0.99(0.38, 1.61)). However, Zn concentrations were statistically decreased in BC patients than HC (SMD (95 % CI): -1.20(-1.74, -0.66)) and BD (SMD (95 % CI): -1.13 (-1.73, -0.54)). Cu/Zn concentrations were remarkably increased in BC patients than HC (SMD (95 % CI): 2.75(1.79, 3.60)) and BD (SMD (95 % CI): 2.98(1.91, 4.05)) in some studies. CONCLUSION The results show that elevated serum levels of Cu and Cu/Zn, as well as decreased Zn might be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. These three parameters have the potential to distinguish breast cancer from benign breast diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, PR China
| | - Jia-Wei Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, PR China.
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, PR China
| | - Jia-Fu Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, PR China.
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Mostafiz F, Islam MM, Saha B, Hossain MK, Moniruzzaman M, Habibullah-Al-Mamun M. Bioaccumulation of trace metals in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii from farmed and wild sources and human health risk assessment in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16426-16438. [PMID: 32124307 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an important species for Bangladesh's national economy, aquatic biodiversity, and employment opportunities; furthermore, human health risk associated to consumption of this species has become a crucial issue. Eight trace metals (Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn) in different body parts of M. rosenbergii (U/10 as large and U/12 and U/15 as medium size), and water collected from farm and wild sources along with the human health risks were assessed in this study. Except Cd, all trace metals exceeded the maximum permissible limits proposed by different authorities. Elevated levels of Pb, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn were found in the wild-caught prawn, whereas Ni and Cd were higher in farmed prawn. A higher trace metal contamination was recorded from the cephalothorax part than the abdomen of both sized prawns. However, trace metal concentrations between two sizes of prawns were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The estimated daily intakes (EDI) values were higher than the recommended and/or tolerable daily intake for Pb and Cr. Moreover, the target hazard quotient (THQ) values were > 1 for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn, elucidating non-carcinogenic risks to the consumers. In addition, the target cancer risk (TR) values of Pb and Ni were high and exceeded the acceptable guideline of 10-6, explicating the possibility of carcinogenic risks. Therefore, the study concludes that the consumption of the studied prawn species contaminated with elevated levels of toxic metals is associated with higher degree of potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Mostafiz
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Monirul Islam
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Badhan Saha
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Division, Soil and Environment Section, BCSIR Laboratories, Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmandi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kamal Hossain
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Division, Soil and Environment Section, BCSIR Laboratories, Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmandi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Division, Soil and Environment Section, BCSIR Laboratories, Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmandi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibullah-Al-Mamun
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Suami RB, Al Salah DMM, Kabala CD, Otamonga JP, Mulaji CK, Mpiana PT, Poté JW. Assessment of metal concentrations in oysters and shrimp from Atlantic Coast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Heliyon 2019; 5:e03049. [PMID: 32083201 PMCID: PMC7019083 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oysters and shrimp are abundant and commonly consumed seafood by the indigenous population of the Kongo central region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Literature reviews suggest that no data were available for the metal concentrations in these species. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to determine the metal concentrations in tissues of oysters (Egeria congica) and shrimp (Macrobrachium spp., Parapenaeus spp., Penaeus spp.) collected in November 2017 from the Atlantic Ocean Coast of DRC in the territory of Muanda. Metal levels in the seafood species studied here were put into context using international regulation for human consumption set by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), European Union (EU), and World Health Organization (WHO). Our results demonstrated that the concentration of heavy metals varied considerably between sampling sites and analyzed species (P < 0.05), with the values (in mg kg1) ranged between 0.05-0.41, 0.03-2.25,
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. Suami
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, B.P. 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, B.P. 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Dhafer Mohammed M. Al Salah
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, Geneva 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, Prince Turki the 1st Street, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - César D. Kabala
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, B.P. 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - J.-P. Otamonga
- Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN). Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération. Quartier Binza/UPN, B.P. 8815, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Crispin K. Mulaji
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, B.P. 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pius T. Mpiana
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, B.P. 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - John W. Poté
- University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, B.P. 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, Geneva 4, CH-1211, Switzerland
- Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN). Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération. Quartier Binza/UPN, B.P. 8815, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
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Guo H, Deng M, Liang J, Lu W, Shen Y. Gill transcriptome alterations in Macrobrachium rosenbergii under copper exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:796-808. [PMID: 31200138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper is one of common contaminants in estuaries and coastal zones, which may cause physiological dysfunction in aquatic organisms. However, molecular response triggered by Cu have remained largely unknown in freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In the present study, we performed transcriptomic analysis to characterize molecular mechanisms of copper immunotoxicity in gills from M. rosenbergii. A large number of potential simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci in the transcriptome were identified. 19,417 and 8989 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained at 3 h and 48 h after exposure, respectively. Most of these DEGs were down-regulated implying that gene expressions were largely inhibited by Cu, which might lead to impairments of biological functions. Functional enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed that immune, detoxification and apoptosis were the differentially regulated processes by Cu stress. 12 DGEs involved in immune response and heavy metal detoxification were discovered and validated by qRT-PCR. The results indicated that the M. rosenbergii might counteract the toxicity of Cu at the transcriptomic level by increasing expressions of immune- and heavy metal detoxification-related genes, and these selected genes could be used as molecular indicators for Cu stress. Our study firstly reported the stress response at transcriptional level in M. rosenbergii during Cu exposure. The genes and pathways identified here not only give us new insight into molecular mechanisms underlying Cu toxicity effects in prawn, but facilitate biomarker identification and stress-resistant breeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Mingyue Deng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Jinrong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Wenyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yuchun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
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