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Emmanuel Alamu O, Teeken B, Ayetigbo O, Adesokan M, Kayondo I, Chijioke U, Madu T, Okoye B, Abolore B, Njoku D, Rabbi I, Egesi C, Ndjouenkeu R, Bouniol A, De Sousa K, Dufour D, Maziya-Dixon B. Establishing the linkage between eba's instrumental and sensory descriptive profiles and their correlation with consumer preferences: implications for cassava breeding. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4573-4585. [PMID: 36810734 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gari and eba, forms of cassava semolina, are mainly consumed in Nigeria and other West African countries. This study aimed to define the critical quality traits of gari and eba, to measure their heritability, to define medium and high throughput instrumental methods for use by breeders, and to link the traits with consumer preferences. The definition of a food product's profiles, including its biophysical, sensory, and textural qualities, and the identification of the characteristics that determine its acceptability, are important if new genotypes are to be adopted successfully. RESULTS Eighty cassava genotypes and varieties (three different sets) from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) research farm were used for the study. Participatory processing and consumer testing data on different types of gari and eba products were integrated to prioritize the traits preferred by processors and consumers. The color, sensory, and instrumental textural properties of these products were determined using standard analytical methods, and standard operating protocols (SOPs) developed by the RTBfoods project (Breeding Roots, Tubers, and Banana Products for End-user Preferences, https://rtbfoods.cirad.fr). There were significant (P < 0.05) correlations between instrumental hardness and sensory hardness and between adhesiveness and sensory moldability. Principal component analysis showed broad discrimination amongst the cassava genotypes and the association of the genotypes concerning the color and textural properties. CONCLUSIONS The color properties of gari and eba, together with instrumental measures of hardness and cohesiveness, are important quantitative discriminants of cassava genotypes. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladeji Emmanuel Alamu
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
- Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Southern Africa Hub, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Béla Teeken
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatoyin Ayetigbo
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Adesokan
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Kayondo
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ugo Chijioke
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Tessy Madu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Okoye
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Bello Abolore
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Damian Njoku
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Rabbi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chiedozie Egesi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | | | - Alexandre Bouniol
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR QUALISUD, Cotonou, Benin
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Benin
| | - Kauê De Sousa
- Digital Inclusion Unit, Bioversity International, Montepellier, France
| | - Dominique Dufour
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Reunion, Montpellier, France
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Woodcock DJ, Sahli A, Teslo R, Bhandari V, Gruber AJ, Ziubroniewicz A, Gundem G, Xu Y, Butler A, Anokian E, Pope BJ, Jung CH, Tarabichi M, Dentro SC, Farmery JHR, Van Loo P, Warren AY, Gnanapragasam V, Hamdy FC, Bova GS, Foster CS, Neal DE, Lu YJ, Kote-Jarai Z, Fraser M, Bristow RG, Boutros PC, Costello AJ, Corcoran NM, Hovens CM, Massie CE, Lynch AG, Brewer DS, Eeles RA, Cooper CS, Wedge DC. Genomic evolution shapes prostate cancer disease type. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100511. [PMID: 38428419 PMCID: PMC10943594 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of cancer is an evolutionary process involving the sequential acquisition of genetic alterations that disrupt normal biological processes, enabling tumor cells to rapidly proliferate and eventually invade and metastasize to other tissues. We investigated the genomic evolution of prostate cancer through the application of three separate classification methods, each designed to investigate a different aspect of tumor evolution. Integrating the results revealed the existence of two distinct types of prostate cancer that arise from divergent evolutionary trajectories, designated as the Canonical and Alternative evolutionary disease types. We therefore propose the evotype model for prostate cancer evolution wherein Alternative-evotype tumors diverge from those of the Canonical-evotype through the stochastic accumulation of genetic alterations associated with disruptions to androgen receptor DNA binding. Our model unifies many previous molecular observations, providing a powerful new framework to investigate prostate cancer disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan J Woodcock
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Atef Sahli
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Vinayak Bhandari
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andreas J Gruber
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Ziubroniewicz
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gunes Gundem
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaobo Xu
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Adam Butler
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Bernard J Pope
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chol-Hee Jung
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan C Dentro
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - J Henry R Farmery
- Statistics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Gnanapragasam
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - G Steven Bova
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - David E Neal
- Uro-Oncology Research Group, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK; Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael Fraser
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Health and Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; CRUK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Human Genetics and Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J Costello
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall M Corcoran
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher M Hovens
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Charlie E Massie
- Uro-Oncology Research Group, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK; Early Detection Programme and Urological Malignancies Programme, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy G Lynch
- Statistics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK; School of Medicine/School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Daniel S Brewer
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK.
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Colin S Cooper
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
| | - David C Wedge
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.
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3
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de Sousa K, van Etten J, Manners R, Abidin E, Abdulmalik RO, Abolore B, Acheremu K, Angudubo S, Aguilar A, Arnaud E, Babu A, Barrios M, Benavente G, Boukar O, Cairns JE, Carey E, Daudi H, Dawud M, Edughaen G, Ellison J, Esuma W, Mohammed SG, van de Gevel J, Gomez M, van Heerwaarden J, Iragaba P, Kadege E, Assefa TM, Kalemera S, Kasubiri FS, Kawuki R, Kidane YG, Kilango M, Kulembeka H, Kwadwo A, Madriz B, Masumba E, Mbiu J, Mendes T, Müller A, Moyo M, Mtunda K, Muzhingi T, Muungani D, Mwenda ET, Nadigatla GRVPR, Nanyonjo AR, N’Danikou S, Nduwumuremyi A, Nshimiyimana JC, Nuwamanya E, Nyirahabimana H, Occelli M, Olaosebikan O, Ongom PO, Ortiz-Crespo B, Oteng-Fripong R, Ozimati A, Owoade D, Quiros CF, Rosas JC, Rukundo P, Rutsaert P, Sibomana M, Sharma N, Shida N, Steinke J, Ssali R, Suchini JG, Teeken B, Tengey TK, Tufan HA, Tumwegamire S, Tuyishime E, Ulzen J, Umar ML, Onwuka S, Madu TU, Voss RC, Yeye M, Zaman-Allah M. The tricot approach: an agile framework for decentralized on-farm testing supported by citizen science. A retrospective. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2024; 44:8. [PMID: 38282889 PMCID: PMC10811175 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-023-00937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Matching crop varieties to their target use context and user preferences is a challenge faced by many plant breeding programs serving smallholder agriculture. Numerous participatory approaches proposed by CGIAR and other research teams over the last four decades have attempted to capture farmers' priorities/preferences and crop variety field performance in representative growing environments through experimental trials with higher external validity. Yet none have overcome the challenges of scalability, data validity and reliability, and difficulties in capturing socio-economic and environmental heterogeneity. Building on the strengths of these attempts, we developed a new data-generation approach, called triadic comparison of technology options (tricot). Tricot is a decentralized experimental approach supported by crowdsourced citizen science. In this article, we review the development, validation, and evolution of the tricot approach, through our own research results and reviewing the literature in which tricot approaches have been successfully applied. The first results indicated that tricot-aggregated farmer-led assessments contained information with adequate validity and that reliability could be achieved with a large sample. Costs were lower than current participatory approaches. Scaling the tricot approach into a large on-farm testing network successfully registered specific climatic effects of crop variety performance in representative growing environments. Tricot's recent application in plant breeding networks in relation to decision-making has (i) advanced plant breeding lines recognizing socio-economic heterogeneity, and (ii) identified consumers' preferences and market demands, generating alternative breeding design priorities. We review lessons learned from tricot applications that have enabled a large scaling effort, which should lead to stronger decision-making in crop improvement and increased use of improved varieties in smallholder agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê de Sousa
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Jacob van Etten
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Rhys Manners
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Erna Abidin
- Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Stichting & Foundation, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Rekiya O. Abdulmalik
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810211 Nigeria
| | - Bello Abolore
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kwabena Acheremu
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | | | - Amilcar Aguilar
- Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Elizabeth Arnaud
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Adventina Babu
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Mirna Barrios
- Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Grecia Benavente
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Ousmane Boukar
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jill E. Cairns
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Edward Carey
- Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Stichting & Foundation, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Happy Daudi
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Gospel Edughaen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Williams Esuma
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Marvin Gomez
- Fundación para la Investigación Participativa con Agricultores de Honduras (FIPAH), La Ceiba, Atlántida Honduras
| | - Joost van Heerwaarden
- Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Iragaba
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edith Kadege
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Teshale M. Assefa
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Sylvia Kalemera
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Fadhili Salum Kasubiri
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Robert Kawuki
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | - Adofo Kwadwo
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Ester Masumba
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Julius Mbiu
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Anna Müller
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Mukani Moyo
- International Potato Center (CIP), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kiddo Mtunda
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Tawanda Muzhingi
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Science, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Dean Muungani
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martina Occelli
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | | | - Berta Ortiz-Crespo
- Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Richard Oteng-Fripong
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Alfred Ozimati
- National Crop Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Durodola Owoade
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Carlos F. Quiros
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Juan Carlos Rosas
- Genética y Fitomejoramiento, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Placide Rukundo
- Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB), Huye, Rwanda
| | - Pieter Rutsaert
- Sustainable Agrifood Systems, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Neeraj Sharma
- Tuberosum Technologies Inc., Broderick, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Nestory Shida
- Tanzanian Agricultural Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Jonathan Steinke
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reuben Ssali
- International Potato Center (CIP), Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Béla Teeken
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Theophilus Kwabla Tengey
- Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Hale Ann Tufan
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | | | - Jacob Ulzen
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Forest and Horticultural Crops Research Center, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Samuel Onwuka
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Tessy Ugo Madu
- National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Rachel C. Voss
- Sustainable Agrifood Systems, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mary Yeye
- Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), ABU, Zaria, Nigeria
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Ketelings L, Benerink E, Havermans RC, Kremers SPJ, de Boer A. Fake meat or meat with benefits? How Dutch consumers perceive health and nutritional value of plant-based meat alternatives. Appetite 2023:106616. [PMID: 37286170 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Animal agriculture has a large impact on the environment. Hence, there is an increasing demand for meat alternatives - more sustainably produced plant-based products that replace meat as meal component. Demands for meat alternatives also seem to be fuelled by consumers' belief that meat alternatives are healthier than meat products. In an online questionnaire study, we examined whether consumers indeed perceived meat alternatives to be healthier, to what degree consumers adequately estimated the nutritional value of meat (alternatives), and whether a nutrition claim could misguide consumers. In a panel of 120 Dutch consumers, it was found that meat alternatives were generally perceived as being healthier than meat products. According to supermarket data, meat alternatives contained less protein and saturated fat, higher levels of fibre and salt compared to meat. Consumers were found to overestimate the protein content of meat alternatives relative to meat products, especially when meat alternatives carry a 'high in protein' claim. The current beliefs about the healthiness and nutritional content of meat and meat alternatives are precarious and a fair, transparent, and understandable environment should be created for the conscious consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsay Ketelings
- Food Claims Centre Venlo, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Venlo, the Netherlands.
| | - Eline Benerink
- Food Claims Centre Venlo, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Remco C Havermans
- Laboratory of Behavioural Gastronomy, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- NUTRIM, Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alie de Boer
- Food Claims Centre Venlo, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Venlo, the Netherlands
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de Sousa K, Brown D, Steinke J, van Etten J. gosset: An R package for analysis and synthesis of ranking data in agricultural experimentation. SOFTWAREX 2023; 22:None. [PMID: 37250590 PMCID: PMC10212778 DOI: 10.1016/j.softx.2023.101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To derive insights from data, researchers working on agricultural experiments need appropriate data management and analysis tools. To ensure that workflows are reproducible and can be applied on a routine basis, programmatic tools are needed. Such tools are increasingly necessary for rank-based data, a type of data that is generated in on-farm experimentation and data synthesis exercises, among others. To address this need, we developed the R package gosset, which provides functionality for rank-based data and models. The gosset package facilitates data preparation, modeling and results presentation stages. It introduces novel functions not available in existing R packages for analyzing ranking data. This paper demonstrates the package functionality using the case study of a decentralized on-farm trial of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties in Nicaragua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê de Sousa
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318 Hamar, Norway
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - David Brown
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, 30501, Turrialba, Costa Rica
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, 14853 Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Steinke
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Thaer Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacob van Etten
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Al-Omairi HR, Fudickar S, Hein A, Rieger JW. Improved Motion Artifact Correction in fNIRS Data by Combining Wavelet and Correlation-Based Signal Improvement. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3979. [PMID: 37112320 PMCID: PMC10146128 DOI: 10.3390/s23083979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows participants to move relatively freely. However, head movements frequently cause optode movements relative to the head, leading to motion artifacts (MA) in the measured signal. Here, we propose an improved algorithmic approach for MA correction that combines wavelet and correlation-based signal improvement (WCBSI). We compare its MA correction accuracy to multiple established correction approaches (spline interpolation, spline-Savitzky-Golay filter, principal component analysis, targeted principal component analysis, robust locally weighted regression smoothing filter, wavelet filter, and correlation-based signal improvement) on real data. Therefore, we measured brain activity in 20 participants performing a hand-tapping task and simultaneously moving their head to produce MAs at different levels of severity. In order to obtain a "ground truth" brain activation, we added a condition in which only the tapping task was performed. We compared the MA correction performance among the algorithms on four predefined metrics (R, RMSE, MAPE, and ΔAUC) and ranked the performances. The suggested WCBSI algorithm was the only one exceeding average performance (p < 0.001), and it had the highest probability to be the best ranked algorithm (78.8% probability). Together, our results indicate that among all algorithms tested, our suggested WCBSI approach performed consistently favorably across all measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder R. Al-Omairi
- Applied Neurocognitive Psychology Lab, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology—Iraq, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Sebastian Fudickar
- Assistance Systems and Medical Device Technology, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany; (S.F.); (A.H.)
- Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Hein
- Assistance Systems and Medical Device Technology, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany; (S.F.); (A.H.)
| | - Jochem W. Rieger
- Applied Neurocognitive Psychology Lab, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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7
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Gesesse CA, Nigir B, de Sousa K, Gianfranceschi L, Gallo GR, Poland J, Kidane YG, Abate Desta E, Fadda C, Pè ME, Dell’Acqua M. Genomics-driven breeding for local adaptation of durum wheat is enhanced by farmers' traditional knowledge. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2205774119. [PMID: 36972461 PMCID: PMC10083613 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205774119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the smallholder, low-input farming systems widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, farmers select and propagate crop varieties based on their traditional knowledge and experience. A data-driven integration of their knowledge into breeding pipelines may support the sustainable intensification of local farming. Here, we combine genomics with participatory research to tap into traditional knowledge in smallholder farming systems, using durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in Ethiopia as a case study. We developed and genotyped a large multiparental population, called the Ethiopian NAM (EtNAM), that recombines an elite international breeding line with Ethiopian traditional varieties maintained by local farmers. A total of 1,200 EtNAM lines were evaluated for agronomic performance and farmers' appreciation in three locations in Ethiopia, finding that women and men farmers could skillfully identify the worth of wheat genotypes and their potential for local adaptation. We then trained a genomic selection (GS) model using farmer appreciation scores and found that its prediction accuracy over grain yield (GY) was higher than that of a benchmark GS model trained on GY. Finally, we used forward genetics approaches to identify marker-trait associations for agronomic traits and farmer appreciation scores. We produced genetic maps for individual EtNAM families and used them to support the characterization of genomic loci of breeding relevance with pleiotropic effects on phenology, yield, and farmer preference. Our data show that farmers' traditional knowledge can be integrated in genomics-driven breeding to support the selection of best allelic combinations for local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherinet Alem Gesesse
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa56127, Italy
- Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar6000, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Nigir
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa56127, Italy
| | - Kauê de Sousa
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, Montpellier34397, France
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar2322, Norway
| | | | | | - Jesse Poland
- Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa56127, Italy
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Addis Ababa1000, Ethiopia; and
| | - Ermias Abate Desta
- Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar6000, Ethiopia
| | - Carlo Fadda
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi00621, Kenya
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa56127, Italy
| | - Matteo Dell’Acqua
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa56127, Italy
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8
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Woldeyohannes AB, Iohannes SD, Miculan M, Caproni L, Ahmed JS, de Sousa K, Desta EA, Fadda C, Pè ME, Dell'Acqua M. Data-driven, participatory characterization of farmer varieties discloses teff breeding potential under current and future climates. eLife 2022; 11:80009. [PMID: 36052993 PMCID: PMC9439699 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In smallholder farming systems, traditional farmer varieties of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) support the livelihoods of millions of growers and consumers. NUS combine cultural and agronomic value with local adaptation, and transdisciplinary methods are needed to fully evaluate their breeding potential. Here, we assembled and characterized the genetic diversity of a representative collection of 366 Ethiopian teff (Eragrostis tef) farmer varieties and breeding materials, describing their phylogenetic relations and local adaptation on the Ethiopian landscape. We phenotyped the collection for its agronomic performance, involving local teff farmers in a participatory variety evaluation. Our analyses revealed environmental patterns of teff genetic diversity and allowed us to identify 10 genetic clusters associated with climate variation and with uneven spatial distribution. A genome-wide association study was used to identify loci and candidate genes related to phenology, yield, local adaptation, and farmers’ appreciation. The estimated teff genomic offset under climate change scenarios highlighted an area around lake Tana where teff cropping may be most vulnerable to climate change. Our results show that transdisciplinary approaches may efficiently propel untapped NUS farmer varieties into modern breeding to foster more resilient and sustainable cropping systems. Small farms support the livelihoods of about two billion people worldwide. Smallholder farmers often rely on local varieties of crops and use less irrigation and fertilizer than large producers. But smallholdings can be vulnerable to weather events and climate change. Data-driven research approaches may help to identify the needs of farmers, taking into account traditional knowledge and cultural practices to enhance the sustainability of certain crops. Teff is a cereal crop that plays a critical role in the culture and diets of Ethiopian communities. It is also a super food appreciated on international markets for its nutritional value. Rural smallholder farmers in Ethiopia rely on the crop for subsistence and income and make up the bulk of the country’s agricultural system. Many grow local varieties with tremendous genetic diversity. Scientists, in collaboration with farmers, could tap that diversity to produce more productive or climate-resilient types of teff, both for national and international markets. Woldeyohannes, Iohannes et al. produced the first large-scale genetic, agronomic and climatic study of traditional teff varieties. In the experiments, Woldeyohannes and Iohannes et al. sequenced the genomes of 366 Ethiopian teff varieties and evaluated their agronomic value in common gardens. The team collaborated with 35 local farmers to understand their preference of varieties and traits. They then conducted a genome-wide association study to assess the crops’ productivity and their adaptations to local growing conditions and farmer preferences. Genetic changes that speed up teff maturation and flowering time could meet small farmers’ needs to secure teff harvest. Woldeyohannes, Iohannes et al. also identified a region in Ethiopia, where local teff varieties may struggle to adapt to climate change. Genetic modifications may help the crop to adapt to frequent droughts that may be a common characteristic of future climates. The experiments reveal the importance of incorporating traditional knowledge from smallholder farmers into data-driven crop improvement efforts considering genetics and climate science. This multidisciplinary approach may help to improve food security and protect local genetic diversity on small farms. It may also help to ensure that agricultural advances fairly and equitably benefit small farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aemiro Bezabih Woldeyohannes
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.,Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Mara Miculan
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caproni
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jemal Seid Ahmed
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kauê de Sousa
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | - Carlo Fadda
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Holý V, Zouhar J. Modelling time‐varying rankings with autoregressive and score‐driven dynamics. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rssc.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Holý
- Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics Prague University of Economics and Business Prague Czechia
| | - Jan Zouhar
- Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics Prague University of Economics and Business Prague Czechia
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10
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Evaluation of Urban Mobility Problems and Freight Solutions from Residents’ Perspectives: A Comparison of Belo Horizonte (Brazil) and Szczecin (Poland). ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15030710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient urban freight transport (UFT) system is crucial for sustainable city development. However, implementing city logistics measures still seems challenging for municipalities and decision-makers. Moreover, city authorities’ decisions depend on politics and social issues, and the city residents’ opinions seem to be very important in this context. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper was to assess the perception of urban mobility problems and freight solutions from the perspective of city users, considering the point of view of Brazilian and Polish city dwellers. The work was based on a survey realised in Belo Horizonte (Brazil) and Szczecin (Poland). The analysis identified the similarities and differences between the perceptions of different resident groups in both cities. The practical advantage of this research is the establishment of a set of recommendations for city decision-makers in the context of residents’ perceptions and their expectations regarding the implementation of urban freight measures.
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11
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Shakir MKM, Brooks DI, McAninch EA, Fonseca TL, Mai VQ, Bianco AC, Hoang TD. Comparative Effectiveness of Levothyroxine, Desiccated Thyroid Extract, and Levothyroxine+Liothyronine in Hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4400-e4413. [PMID: 34185829 PMCID: PMC8530721 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies comparing levothyroxine (LT4) therapy with LT4 + liothyronine (LT3) or desiccated thyroid extract (DTE) did not detect consistent superiority of either treatment. Here, we investigated these therapies, focusing on the whole group of LT4-treated hypothyroid patients, while also exploring the most symptomatic patients. METHODOLOGY Prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study of 75 hypothyroid patients randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatment arms, LT4, LT4 + LT3, and DTE, for 22 weeks. The primary outcomes were posttreatment scores on the 36-point thyroid symptom questionnaire (TSQ-36), 12-point quality of life general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Wechsler memory scale-version IV (VMS-IV), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Secondary endpoints included treatment preference, biochemical and metabolic parameters, etiology of hypothyroidism, and Thr92Ala-DIO2 gene polymorphism. Analyses were performed with a linear mixed model using subject as a random factor and group as a fixed effect. RESULTS Serum TSH remained within reference range across all treatment arms. There were no differences for primary and secondary outcomes, except for a minor increase in heart rate caused by DTE. Treatment preference was not different and there were no interferences of the etiology of hypothyroidism or Thr92Ala-DIO2 gene polymorphism in the outcomes. Subgroup analyses of the 1/3 most symptomatic patients on LT4 revealed strong preference for treatment containing T3, which improved performance on TSQ-36, GHQ-12, BDI, and visual memory index (VMS-IV component). CONCLUSIONS As a group, outcomes were similar among hypothyroid patients taking DTE vs LT4 + T3 vs LT4. However, those patients that were most symptomatic on LT4 preferred and responded positively to therapy with LT4 + LT3 or DTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K M Shakir
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600, USA
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Daniel I Brooks
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600, USA
| | - Elizabeth A McAninch
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Tatiana L Fonseca
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Vinh Q Mai
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600, USA
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Antonio C Bianco
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Thanh D Hoang
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600, USA
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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12
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de Sousa K, van Etten J, Poland J, Fadda C, Jannink JL, Kidane YG, Lakew BF, Mengistu DK, Pè ME, Solberg SØ, Dell'Acqua M. Data-driven decentralized breeding increases prediction accuracy in a challenging crop production environment. Commun Biol 2021; 4:944. [PMID: 34413464 PMCID: PMC8376984 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop breeding must embrace the broad diversity of smallholder agricultural systems to ensure food security to the hundreds of millions of people living in challenging production environments. This need can be addressed by combining genomics, farmers' knowledge, and environmental analysis into a data-driven decentralized approach (3D-breeding). We tested this idea as a proof-of-concept by comparing a durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) decentralized trial distributed as incomplete blocks in 1,165 farmer-managed fields across the Ethiopian highlands with a benchmark representing genomic prediction applied to conventional breeding. We found that 3D-breeding could double the prediction accuracy of the benchmark. 3D-breeding could identify genotypes with enhanced local adaptation providing superior productive performance across seasons. We propose this decentralized approach to leverage the diversity in farmer fields and complement conventional plant breeding to enhance local adaptation in challenging crop production environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê de Sousa
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacob van Etten
- Digital Inclusion, Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Jesse Poland
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Carlo Fadda
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-Luc Jannink
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yosef Gebrehawaryat Kidane
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Basazen Fantahun Lakew
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi, Kenya
- Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dejene Kassahun Mengistu
- Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture, Bioversity International, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Svein Øivind Solberg
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Matteo Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
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13
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Kholová J, Urban MO, Cock J, Arcos J, Arnaud E, Aytekin D, Azevedo V, Barnes AP, Ceccarelli S, Chavarriaga P, Cobb JN, Connor D, Cooper M, Craufurd P, Debouck D, Fungo R, Grando S, Hammer GL, Jara CE, Messina C, Mosquera G, Nchanji E, Ng EH, Prager S, Sankaran S, Selvaraj M, Tardieu F, Thornton P, Valdes-Gutierrez SP, van Etten J, Wenzl P, Xu Y. In pursuit of a better world: crop improvement and the CGIAR. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5158-5179. [PMID: 34021317 PMCID: PMC8272562 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The CGIAR crop improvement (CI) programs, unlike commercial CI programs, which are mainly geared to profit though meeting farmers' needs, are charged with meeting multiple objectives with target populations that include both farmers and the community at large. We compiled the opinions from >30 experts in the private and public sector on key strategies, methodologies, and activities that could the help CGIAR meet the challenges of providing farmers with improved varieties while simultaneously meeting the goals of: (i) nutrition, health, and food security; (ii) poverty reduction, livelihoods, and jobs; (iii) gender equality, youth, and inclusion; (iv) climate adaptation and mitigation; and (v) environmental health and biodiversity. We review the crop improvement processes starting with crop choice, moving through to breeding objectives, production of potential new varieties, selection, and finally adoption by farmers. The importance of multidisciplinary teams working towards common objectives is stressed as a key factor to success. The role of the distinct disciplines, actors, and their interactions throughout the process from crop choice through to adoption by farmers is discussed and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kholová
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad-502324, India
| | - Milan Oldřich Urban
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - James Cock
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jairo Arcos
- HarvestPlus, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth Arnaud
- Bioversity International, Parc scientifique Agropolis II, 1990 Boulevard de la Lironde, 34397 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Vania Azevedo
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad-502324, India
| | | | | | - Paul Chavarriaga
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - David Connor
- Department of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Cooper
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Peter Craufurd
- CIMMYT, 1st floor, National Plant Breeding and Genetics Centre, NARC Research Station, Khumaltor, Lalitpur, PO Box 5186, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Daniel Debouck
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Robert Fungo
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, PO Box 6247, Kampala, Uganda
- School of Food Technology, Nutrition & Bio-Engineering, Makerere University, PO Box, 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stefania Grando
- Independent Consultant, Corso Mazzini 256, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy
| | - Graeme L Hammer
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Carlos E Jara
- Independent Consultant, Hacienda Real, Torre 2, CP 760033, Cali, Colombia
| | - Charlie Messina
- Corteva Agriscience, 7200 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Gloria Mosquera
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eileen Nchanji
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, African hub, Box 823-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eng Hwa Ng
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT); México-Veracruz, El Batán Km. 45, 56237, Mexico
| | - Steven Prager
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Sindhujan Sankaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 1935 E. Grimes Way, PO Box 646120, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Michael Selvaraj
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - François Tardieu
- INRA Centre de Montpellier, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Philip Thornton
- CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture 37 and Food Security (CCAFS), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sandra P Valdes-Gutierrez
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jacob van Etten
- Bioversity International, Parc scientifique Agropolis II, 1990 Boulevard de la Lironde, 34397 Montpellier, France
| | - Peter Wenzl
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, CP 763537, A.A. 12 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Yunbi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan Texcoco 56130, Mexico
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14
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Sprengholz P, Korn L, Eitze S, Betsch C. Allocation of COVID-19 vaccination: when public prioritisation preferences differ from official regulations. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2021; 47:medethics-2021-107339. [PMID: 33972372 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-107339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As vaccines against COVID-19 are scarce, many countries have developed vaccination prioritisation strategies focusing on ethical and epidemiological considerations. However, public acceptance of such strategies should be monitored to ensure successful implementation. In an experiment with N=1379 German participants, we investigated whether the public's vaccination allocation preferences matched the prioritisation strategy approved by the German government. Results revealed different allocations. While the government had top-prioritised vulnerable people (being of high age or accommodated in nursing homes for the elderly), participants preferred exclusive allocation of the first available vaccines to medical staff and personnel caring for the elderly. Interestingly, allocation preferences did not change when participants were told how many individuals were included in each group. As differences between allocation policies and public preferences can affect trust in the government and threaten the social contract between generations, we discuss possible strategies to align vaccination prioritisations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Korn
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Sarah Eitze
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Cornelia Betsch
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
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15
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Moyo M, Ssali R, Namanda S, Nakitto M, Dery EK, Akansake D, Adjebeng-Danquah J, van Etten J, de Sousa K, Lindqvist-Kreuze H, Carey E, Muzhingi T. Consumer Preference Testing of Boiled Sweetpotato Using Crowdsourced Citizen Science in Ghana and Uganda. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.620363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crowdsourced citizen science is an emerging approach in plant sciences. The triadic comparison of technologies (tricot) approach has been successfully utilized by demand-led breeding programmes to identify varieties for dissemination suited to specific geographic and climatic regions. An important feature of this approach is the independent way in which farmers individually evaluate the varieties on their own farms as “citizen scientists.” In this study, we adapted this approach to evaluate consumer preferences to boiled sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] roots of 21 advanced breeding materials and varieties in Ghana and 6 released varieties in Uganda. We were specifically interested in evaluating if a more independent style of evaluation (home tasting) would produce results comparable to an approach that involves control over preparation (centralized tasting). We compiled data from 1,433 participants who individually contributed to a home tasting (de-centralized) and a centralized tasting trial in Ghana and Uganda, evaluating overall acceptability, and indicating the reasons for their preferences. Geographic factors showed important contribution to define consumers' preference to boiled sweetpotato genotypes. Home and centralized tasting approaches gave similar rankings for overall acceptability, which was strongly correlated to taste. In both Ghana and Uganda, it was possible to robustly identify superior sweetpotato genotypes from consumers' perspectives. Our results indicate that the tricot approach can be successfully applied to consumer preference studies.
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16
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Brown D, Van den Bergh I, de Bruin S, Machida L, van Etten J. Data synthesis for crop variety evaluation. A review. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2020; 40:25. [PMID: 32863892 PMCID: PMC7440334 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-020-00630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Crop varieties should fulfill multiple requirements, including agronomic performance and product quality. Variety evaluations depend on data generated from field trials and sensory analyses, performed with different levels of participation from farmers and consumers. Such multi-faceted variety evaluation is expensive and time-consuming; hence, any use of these data should be optimized. Data synthesis can help to take advantage of existing and new data, combining data from different sources and combining it with expert knowledge to produce new information and understanding that supports decision-making. Data synthesis for crop variety evaluation can partly build on extant experiences and methods, but it also requires methodological innovation. We review the elements required to achieve data synthesis for crop variety evaluation, including (1) data types required for crop variety evaluation, (2) main challenges in data management and integration, (3) main global initiatives aiming to solve those challenges, (4) current statistical approaches to combine data for crop variety evaluation and (5) existing data synthesis methods used in evaluation of varieties to combine different datasets from multiple data sources. We conclude that currently available methods have the potential to overcome existing barriers to data synthesis and could set in motion a virtuous cycle that will encourage researchers to share data and collaborate on data-driven research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brown
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Bioversity International, Turrialba, 30501 Costa Rica
| | - Inge Van den Bergh
- Bioversity International, C/O KU Leuven, W. De Croylaan 42, P.O. Box 2455, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sytze de Bruin
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lewis Machida
- Bioversity International, C/O International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
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