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Yi B, Li Z, Zhao Y, Yan H, Xiao J, Zhou Z, Cui Y, Yang S, Bi J, Yang H, Guo N, Zhao M. Serum metabolomics analyses reveal biomarkers of osteoporosis and the mechanism of Quanduzhong capsules. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116198. [PMID: 38754154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
With the aging of the population, the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) is rising rapidly, making it an important public health concern. Early screening and effective treatment of OP are the primary challenges facing the management of OP today. Quanduzhong capsule (QDZ) is a single preparation composed of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., which is included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It is used to treat OP in clinical practice, but its mechanisms are unclear. This study involved 30 patients with OP, 30 healthy controls (HC), and 28 OP patients treated with QDZ to identify potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of OP and to investigate the potential mechanism of QDZ in treating OP. The serum samples were analyzed using targeted amino acid metabolomics. Significant differences in amino acid metabolism were identified between the OP cohort and the HC group, as well as between OP patients before and after QDZ treatment. Compared with HC, the serum levels of 14 amino acids in OP patients changed significantly. Kynurenine, arginine, citrulline, methionine, and their combinations are expected to be potential biomarkers for OP diagnosis. Notably, QDZ reversed the changes in levels of 10 amino acids in the serum of OP patients and significantly impacted numerous metabolic pathways during the treatment of OP. This study focuses on screening potential biomarkers for the early detection of OP, which offers a new insight into the mechanism study of QDZ in treating OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojiao Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yurou Zhao
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Han Yan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junping Xiao
- Jiangxi Puzheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Jiangxi Puzheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Jiangxi Puzheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuyin Yang
- Jiangxi Puzheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingbo Bi
- Jiangxi Puzheng Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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2
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Park H, Ha H, Lee H, Lee G, Go GW, Yoon TM, Kim TY, Kim W. Alleviation of Menopausal Symptoms by Yam (Dioscorea japonica Thunb.) and Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. Et Zucc.) Extracts in Ovariectomized Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400158. [PMID: 38934532 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE The decline in estrogen during menopause contributes to a variety of menopausal symptoms, for which hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been extensively applied. Regarding side effects and limited effectiveness of HRT for specific individuals, there is a growing interest in safe alternatives such as phytoestrogens which are structurally analogous to estrogens. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of yam and gromwell extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, and the synergistic effect of extracts on symptoms induced by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS OVX mice receive dietary intervention of either yam, gromwell extract, or their mixture for 14 weeks. Sham-operated mice and E2-injected OVX mice serve as positive controls. Following 14 weeks of oral administration, blood, adipose tissue, vagina, uterus, femurs, and tibias are harvested for further investigation. Consequently, yam and gromwell extracts ameliorate menopausal conditions such as weight gain, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis in estrogen-deficient OVX mice. In addition, the mixture of yam and gromwell extracts synergistically aids in the relief of the indications. CONCLUSION These results indicate the potential use of yam and gromwell extracts, as well as their mixture, for the development of healthy functional foods to modulate menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ha
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongwhan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Woong Go
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Mi Yoon
- Antimicrobial Materials Lab., Dynesoze Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Yongin, 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yeol Kim
- Antimicrobial Materials Lab., Dynesoze Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Yongin, 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooki Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Liu F, Wang X, He Y, Han R, Wang T, Guo Y. Jaw osteoporosis: Challenges to oral health and emerging perspectives of treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116995. [PMID: 38917761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone metabolic disease that poses a significant challenge to global human health. Jaw osteoporosis, characterized by microstructural damage of the jaw resulting from various factors, is one of the common manifestations of this condition. Recent studies have demonstrated that jaw osteoporosis has multifaceted effects on oral health and can negatively impact conditions such as periodontitis, oral implantation, orthodontic treatment, and wound healing. However, there are still some limitations in the conventional treatment of osteoporosis. For instance, while bisphosphonates can enhance bone quality, they may also lead to osteonecrosis of the jaw, which poses a potential safety hazard in oral diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on improving the pathological condition of jaw osteoporosis. Treatment strategies such as gut microbial regulation, extracellular vesicles, molecular targeted therapy, herbal medicine, mechanical stimulation are expected to enhance efficacy and minimize adverse reactions. Therefore, understanding these effects and exploring novel treatments for jaw osteoporosis may provide new insights for oral health maintenance and disease treatment. This article reviews the impact of jaw osteoporosis on oral health and describes the limitations associated with current methods. It also discusses emerging perspectives on treatment, offering a comprehensive overview of the challenges and future directions in managing jaw osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yikai He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ruiying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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4
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Wei F, Hughes M, Omer M, Ngo C, Pugazhendhi AS, Kolanthai E, Aceto M, Ghattas Y, Razavi M, Kean TJ, Seal S, Coathup M. A Multifunctional Therapeutic Strategy Using P7C3 as A Countermeasure Against Bone Loss and Fragility in An Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308698. [PMID: 38477537 PMCID: PMC11151083 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
By 2060, an estimated one in four Americans will be elderly. Consequently, the prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures will also increase. Presently, no available intervention definitively prevents or manages osteoporosis. This study explores whether Pool 7 Compound 3 (P7C3) reduces progressive bone loss and fragility following the onset of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis. Results confirm OVX-induced weakened, osteoporotic bone together with a significant gain in adipogenic body weight. Treatment with P7C3 significantly reduced osteoclastic activity, bone marrow adiposity, whole-body weight gain, and preserved bone area, architecture, and mechanical strength. Analyses reveal significantly upregulated platelet derived growth factor-BB and leukemia inhibitory factor, with downregulation of interleukin-1 R6, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK). Together, proteomic data suggest the targeting of several key regulators of inflammation, bone, and adipose turnover, via transforming growth factor-beta/SMAD, and Wingless-related integration site/be-catenin signaling pathways. To the best of the knowledge, this is first evidence of an intervention that drives against bone loss via RANK. Metatranscriptomic analyses of the gut microbiota show P7C3 increased Porphyromonadaceae bacterium, Candidatus Melainabacteria, and Ruminococcaceae bacterium abundance, potentially contributing to the favorable inflammatory, and adipo-osteogenic metabolic regulation observed. The results reveal an undiscovered, and multifunctional therapeutic strategy to prevent the pathological progression of OVX-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wei
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
| | - Megan Hughes
- School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityWalesCF10 3ATUK
| | - Mahmoud Omer
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
| | | | - Elayaraja Kolanthai
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre, Nanoscience Technology Center (NSTC)University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32826USA
| | - Matthew Aceto
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
| | - Yasmine Ghattas
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
| | - Thomas J Kean
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
| | - Sudipta Seal
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre, Nanoscience Technology Center (NSTC)University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32826USA
| | - Melanie Coathup
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL82816USA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32827USA
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Siewe N, Friedman A. Osteoporosis induced by cellular senescence: A mathematical model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303978. [PMID: 38805428 PMCID: PMC11132490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by loss of bone mass, where bones become fragile and more likely to fracture. Bone density begins to decrease at age 50, and a state of osteoporosis is defined by loss of more than 25%. Cellular senescence is a permanent arrest of normal cell cycle, while maintaining cell viability. The number of senescent cells increase with age. Since osteoporosis is an aging disease, it is natural to consider the question to what extend senescent cells induce bone density loss and osteoporosis. In this paper we use a mathematical model to address this question. We determine the percent of bone loss for men and women during age 50 to 100 years, and the results depend on the rate η of net formation of senescent cell, with η = 1 being the average rate. In the case η = 1, the model simulations are in agreement with empirical data. We also consider senolytic drugs, like fisetin and quercetin, that selectively eliminate senescent cells, and assess their efficacy in terms of reducing bone loss. For example, at η = 1, with estrogen hormonal therapy and early treatment with fisetin, bone density loss for women by age 75 is 23.4% (below osteoporosis), while with no treatment with fisetin it is 25.8% (osteoporosis); without even a treatment with estrogen hormonal therapy, bone loss of 25.3% occurs already at age 65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourridine Siewe
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Avner Friedman
- Department of Mathematics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Ali M, Kim YS. A comprehensive review and advanced biomolecule-based therapies for osteoporosis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00215-7. [PMID: 38810908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) on a global scale is significantly elevated that causes life threatening issues. The potential of groundbreaking biomolecular therapeutics in the field of OP is highly encouraging. The administration of biomolecular agents has the potential to mitigate the process of bone demineralization while concurrently augmenting the regenerative capacity of bone tissue, thereby facilitating a personalized therapeutic approach. Biomolecules-based therapies showed promising results in term of bone mass protection and restoration in OP. AIM OF REVIEW We summarized the recent biomolecular therapies with notable progress in clinical, demonstrating the potential to transform illness management. These treatments frequently utilize different biomolecule based strategies. Biomolecular therapeutics has a targeted character, which results in heightened specificity and less off-target effects, ultimately leading to increased patient outcomes. These aspects have the capacity to greatly enhance the management of OP, thus resulting in a major enhancement in the quality of life encountered by individuals affected by this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ali
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea.
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Ren F, Ma Y, Zhang K, Luo Y, Pan R, Zhang J, Kan C, Hou N, Han F, Sun X. Exploring the multi-targeting phytoestrogen potential of Calycosin for cancer treatment: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38023. [PMID: 38701310 PMCID: PMC11062656 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant challenge in the field of oncology, with the search for novel and effective treatments ongoing. Calycosin (CA), a phytoestrogen derived from traditional Chinese medicine, has garnered attention as a promising candidate. With its high targeting and low toxicity profile, CA has demonstrated medicinal potential across various diseases, including cancers, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Studies have revealed that CA possesses inhibitory effects against a diverse array of cancers. The underlying mechanism of action involves a reduction in tumor cell proliferation, induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and suppression of tumor cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, CA has been shown to enhance the efficacy of certain chemotherapeutic drugs, making it a potential component in treating malignant tumors. Given its high efficacy, low toxicity, and multi-targeting characteristics, CA holds considerable promise as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. The objective of this review is to present a synthesis of the current understanding of the antitumor mechanism of CA and its research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbing Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Youhong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ruiyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Chauhan D, Maity D, Yadav PK, Vishwakarma S, Agarwal A, Chourasia MK, Gayen JR. Enhanced oral bioavailability of levormeloxifene and raloxifene by nanoemulsion: simultaneous bioanalysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:1051-1068. [PMID: 38639565 PMCID: PMC11225398 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2024-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim & objective: Levormeloxifene (L-ORM) and raloxifene (RAL) are selective estrogen receptor modulators used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer. Here, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs. Materials & methods: A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used for the optimization of the nanoemulsion, and US FDA guidelines were followed for method validation. Results: Multiple reaction monitoring transitions were used for L-ORM (459.05→98.50), RAL (475.00→112.02) and internal standard (180.10→110.2). Analytes were resolved in a C18 column with 80:20 v/v% acetonitrile (ACN), 0.1% formic acid in triple-distilled water as a mobile phase. The developed method was linear over a concentration range of 1-600 ng/ml. Pharmacokinetic results of free L-ORM-RAL and the L-ORM-RAL nanoemulsion showed Cmax of free L-ORM - 70.65 ± 16.64, free RAL 13.53 ± 2.72, L-ORM nanoemulsion 65.07 ± 14.0 and RAL-nanoemulsion 59.27 ± 17.44 ng/ml. Conclusion: Future findings will contribute to the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer using L-ORM and RAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Chauhan
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Debalina Maity
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pavan K Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sachin Vishwakarma
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Agarwal
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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9
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Ding ZB, Chen Y, Zheng YR, Wang YY, Deng WD, Zheng JH, Yang Q, Chen ZY, Li LH, Jiang H, Li XJ. Inhibition of PPP1R15A alleviates osteoporosis via suppressing RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:790-802. [PMID: 38191913 PMCID: PMC10943029 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis results from overactivation of osteoclasts. There are currently few drug options for treatment of this disease. Since the successful development of allosteric inhibitors, phosphatases have become attractive therapeutic targets. Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 15 A (PPP1R15A), is a stress-responsive protein, which promotes the UPR (unfolded protein response) and restores protein homeostasis. In this study we investigated the role of PPP1R15A in osteoporosis and osteoclastogenesis. Ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis mouse model was established, osteoporosis was evaluated in the left femurs using micro-CT. RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis was used as in vitro models. We showed that PPP1R15A expression was markedly increased in BMMs derived from OVX mice and during RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Knockdown of PPP1R15A or application of Sephin1 (a PPP1R15A allosteric inhibitor in a phase II clinical trial) significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Sephin1 (0.78, 3.125 and 12.5 μM) dose-dependently mitigated the changes in NF-κB, MAPK, and c-FOS and the subsequent nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) translocation in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. Both Sephin1 and PPP1R15A knockdown increased the phosphorylated form of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α); knockdown of eIF2α reduced the inhibitory effects of Sephin1 on NFATc1-luc transcription and osteoclast formation. Furthermore, Sephin1 or PPP1R15A knockdown suppressed osteoclastogenesis in CD14+ monocytes from osteoporosis patients. In OVX mice, injection of Sephin1 (4, 8 mg/kg, i.p.) every two days for 6 weeks significantly inhibited bone loss, and restored bone destruction and decreased TRAP-positive cells. This study has identified PPP1R15A as a novel target for osteoclast differentiation, and genetic inhibition or allosteric inhibitors of PPP1R15A, such as Sephin1, can be used to treat osteoporosis. This study revealed that PPP1R15A expression was increased in osteoporosis in both human and mice. Inhibition of PPP1R15A by specific knockdown or an allosteric inhibitor Sephin1 mitigated murine osteoclast formation in vitro and attenuated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in vivo. PPP1R15A inhibition also suppressed pathogenic osteoclastogenesis in CD14+ monocytes from osteoporosis patients. These results identify PPP1R15A as a novel regulator of osteoclastogenesis and a valuable therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Bao Ding
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Rong Zheng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-de Deng
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie-Huang Zheng
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zi-Ye Chen
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li-Hong Li
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Li
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Innovation Program of Drug Research on Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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10
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Hayes KN, Cadarette SM, Burden AM. Methodological guidance for the use of real-world data to measure exposure and utilization patterns of osteoporosis medications. Bone Rep 2024; 20:101730. [PMID: 38145014 PMCID: PMC10733639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies of osteoporosis medications can provide critical real-world evidence (RWE) that fills knowledge gaps left by clinical trials. However, careful consideration of study design is needed to yield reliable estimates of association. In particular, obtaining valid measurements of exposure to osteoporosis medications from real-world data (RWD) sources is complicated due to different medication classes, formulations, and routes of administration, each with different pharmacology. Extended half-lives of bisphosphonates and extended dosing of denosumab and zoledronic acid require particular attention. In addition, prescribing patterns and medication taking behavior often result in gaps in therapy, switching, and concomitant use of osteoporosis therapies. In this review, we present important considerations and provide specialized guidance for measuring osteoporosis drug exposures in RWD. First, we compare different sources of RWD used for osteoporosis drug studies and provide guidance on identifying osteoporosis medication use in these data sources. Next, we provide an overview of osteoporosis pharmacology and how it can influence decisions on exposure measurement within RWD. Finally, we present considerations for the measurement of osteoporosis medication exposure, adherence, switching, long-term exposures, and drug holidays using RWD. Ultimately, a thorough understanding of the differences in RWD sources and the pharmacology of osteoporosis medications is essential to obtain valid estimates of the relationship between osteoporosis medications and outcomes, such as fractures, but also to improve the critical appraisal of published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleen N. Hayes
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suzanne M. Cadarette
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrea M. Burden
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Mannino F, Imbesi C, Irrera N, Pallio G, Squadrito F, Bitto A. Insights into the antiosteoporotic mechanism of the soy-derived isoflavone genistein: Modulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Biofactors 2024; 50:347-359. [PMID: 37767998 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a process that involves osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, and different intracellular signaling, such as the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Dysregulations of this pathway may also occur during secondary osteoporosis, as in the case of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), which accelerates osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis by reducing bone formation, osteoblast differentiation and function, accelerates in turn osteoblast, and osteocyte apoptosis. Genistein is a soy-derived nutrient belonging to the class of isoflavones that reduces bone loss in osteopenic menopausal women, inhibiting bone resorption; however, genistein may also favor bone formation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether estrogen receptor stimulation by genistein might promote osteoblast and osteocyte function during glucocorticoid challenge. Primary osteoblasts, collected from C57BL6/J mice, and MLO-A5 osteocyte cell line were used to reproduce an in vitro model of GIO by adding dexamethasone (1 μM) for 24 h. Cells were then treated with genistein for 24 h and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and western blot were performed to study whether genistein activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Dexamethasone challenge reduced bone formation in primary osteoblasts and bone mineralization in osteocytes; moreover, canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway was reduced following incubation with dexamethasone in both osteoblasts and osteocytes. Genistein reverted these changes and this effect was mediated by both estrogen receptors α and β. These data suggest that genistein could induce bone remodeling through Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Imbesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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12
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Inpan R, Na Takuathung M, Sakuludomkan W, Dukaew N, Teekachunhatean S, Koonrungsesomboon N. Isoflavone intervention and its impact on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:413-430. [PMID: 37875614 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to estrogen deficiency, postmenopausal women may suffer from an imbalance in bone metabolism that leads to bone fractures. Isoflavones, a type of phytoestrogen, have been suggested to improve bone metabolism and increase bone mass. Therefore, isoflavones are increasingly recognized as a promising natural alternative to hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women who face a heightened risk of osteoporosis and are susceptible to bone fractures. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of isoflavone interventions on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women by means of systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The electronic database searches were performed on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, covering literature up to April 20, 2023. A random-effects model was used to obtain the main effect estimates, with a mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect size summary. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) tool. RESULTS A total of 63 randomized controlled trials comparing isoflavone interventions (n = 4,754) and placebo (n = 4,272) were included. The results indicated that isoflavone interventions significantly improved BMD at the lumbar spine (MD = 0.0175 g/cm2; 95% CI, 0.0088 to 0.0263, P < 0.0001), femoral neck (MD = 0.0172 g/cm2; 95% CI, 0.0046 to 0.0298, P = 0.0073), and distal radius (MD = 0.0138 g/cm2; 95% CI, 0.0077 to 0.0198, P < 0.0001) in postmenopausal women. Subgroup analysis showed that the isoflavone intervention was effective for improving BMD when the duration was ≥ 12 months and when the intervention contained genistein of at least 50 mg/day. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that isoflavone interventions, especially those containing genistein of at least 50 mg/day, can effectively enhance BMD in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanon Inpan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mingkwan Na Takuathung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wannachai Sakuludomkan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Dukaew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Supanimit Teekachunhatean
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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13
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Li L, Liu X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Geng H, Shi L, Wang B, Qiu Q, Yu T, Sang Y, Wang L, Xu W, Liang J. Chloroform associated with bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional research. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0290132. [PMID: 38427675 PMCID: PMC10906833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone mineral density is an important indicator of osteoporosis, and its variation with volatile organic compounds exposure has rarely been studied. However, the relationship between chloroform (an essential volatile organic compounds component) and bone mineral density remains unclear. Consequently, we aimed to explore the relationship between chloroform alone and bone mineral density or bone mineral content. METHODS Herein, 2,553 individuals aged 18 and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) in 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2020, were included. We employed two independent t-tests and multi-linear regression models to statistically assess the relationship between chloroform exposure and BMD/BMC in the spine and femoral area. RESULTS A "V"-shaped correlation between chloroform exposure and bone mineral density or bone mineral content (BMD/BMC) was observed in the unadjusted model, particularly in the Ward's triangle and femoral neck as a whole. A negative correlation was specifically observed for the Ward's triangle BMD/BMC and L4 BMD/BMC. On the other hand, in the adjusted model, a dominantly negative correlation between the L4 BMC and chloroform exposure was observed over a range of exposure levels. The subgroup analysis revealed a negative correlation between chloroform concentrations and BMC in the femur and spine, especially in women and the 65-80 age population. CONCLUSION Our study revealed a "V" shaped correlation between chloroform and BMD/BMC of the femur and spine in U.S. adults. This finding highlights the fact that prolonged exposure to chloroform may cause the changes in BMD/BMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Li
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Houfa Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinqin Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianpei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiquan Sang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lyying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Colacurci N, Filardi PP, Chiantera A, Colao A, Pasqualetti P, Lenzi A. Sharing the multidisciplinary clinical approach to peri- and postmenopausal women: A Delphi consensus among Italian gynecologists, endocrinologists, and cardiologists for an integrated and optimal approach to clinical practice. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38404042 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The critical phase of perimenopausal period is marked by a reduction in estrogen levels, leading to various clinical issues (vasomotor and neurodegenerative symptoms, increased osteoporosis risk and cardiovascular risk). These complex clinical scenarios pose challenges to clinicians in providing the right support for diagnosis and treatment. A group of Italian cardiologists, endocrinologists, and gynecologists conducted a survey among expert colleagues to assess consensus on controversial issues and best practices for screening and treating peri- and postmenopausal women. METHODS The Delphi methodology was used to analyze responses from a qualitative expert panel comprising 25 cardiologists, 25 endocrinologists, and 25 gynecologists, selected nationwide. Two consecutive questionnaires were proposed between February and May 2023. Agreement among experts was assessed following the Delphi method as developed by the RAND Corporation. RESULTS The results of this Delphi Consensus have been shared by the leading scientific societies: Italian Society of Cardiology, Italian Society of Endocrinology, Italian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Italian Hospital Obstetricians Gynecologists Association. CONCLUSIONS The experts highlighted comorbidities and hormone deprivation as crucial clinical problems to be evaluated in perimenopausal women, requiring investigation from cardiovascular and endocrinologic perspectives to assess cardiovascular risk, involving the use of BMI, standard blood samples, endocrine-metabolic tests, and lifestyle assessment, particularly in women with higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks candidates for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The experts also agreed on the benefits of HRT in improving lipid metabolism and reducing insulin resistance, thereby mitigating the metabolic risks associated with menopause. However, this therapy should be tailored considering individual women's comorbidities and thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Colacurci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Italian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perrone Filardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Italian Society of Cardiology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Chiantera
- Italian Hospital Obstetricians Gynecologists Association, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Italian Society of Endocrinology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizio Pasqualetti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza Rome University, Rome, Italy
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15
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Struckmann VF, Allouch-Fey S, Kneser U, Harhaus L, Schulte M. Indication-Specific Effect of a Phytotherapeutic Remedy on Human Fetal Osteoblastic Cells: An in vitro Analysis. Complement Med Res 2024; 31:222-233. [PMID: 38387452 DOI: 10.1159/000535845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired fracture healing is a recurring interdisciplinary medical challenge. Alternative treatment concepts, apart from conventional medicine, are popular, but scientific evidence on their effects is still lacking. Plant-derived substances are widely assumed to support bone homeostasis. To clarify the effects on bone healing mechanisms, a commercially available, homeopathic-spagyric remedy, containing inter alia two herbal substances with assumed osteogenic potential, equisetum arvense and bellis perennis, was analyzed. METHODS Human fetal osteoblastic (hFOB) 1.19 cells were incubated with the test substance in serial dilutions from 10 to 0.00001%. Cell viability has been evaluated through ATP level (CTG assay) and MTT tetrazolium reduction. Cell proliferation was analyzed by BrdU incorporation and cell migration by wound healing assay (WHA) via image analysis. Additionally, determination of the expression of key genes via real-time PCR and proteins via proteome array for inflammation, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis were performed. RESULTS An incubation of hFOB 1.19 cells with the test substance for 24/72 h showed no reduction in cell number, viability, or proliferation. Cell migration was unimpaired. The test substance induced inflammatory genes and growth factors along with genes of osseous regeneration (ALP, Col1, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, Osteocalcin, Osteonectin, RUMX2, TGF, VEGFA). Increased protein expression was found in multiple cytokines, chemokines, and acute phase proteins. CONCLUSION The test substance did not impair cell vitality parameters (MTT, CTG, BrdU, and WHA). A tendency to activate growth factors, bone regeneration genes, and proteins was shown for osteoblasts, indicating a possible positive effect on osteogenic processes. Hintergrund Störungen des komplexen Prozesses der Knochenheilung stellen auch heutzutage noch eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar. Es existieren zahlreiche alternative Therapiekonzepte, deren Evidenz jedoch häufig nicht belegt ist. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass pflanzliche Substanzen die Knochenheilung unterstützen können. Wir analysierten die Wirkung eines kommerziellen, homeopathisch-spagyrischen Heilmittels, welches unter anderen zwei Pflanzenstoffe enthält, denen ein osteogenes Potential zugeschrieben wird ( Equisetum arvense und Bellis perennis). Methoden Es erfolgte eine Inkubation humaner fetaler Osteoblastenzellen (hFOB 1.19) mit der Testsubstanz in absteigender Verdünnung von 10 bis 0.00001%. Die Zellvitalität wurde anhand der Zellzahlbestimmung durch ATP-abhängige metabolische Aktivität mittels CellTiter-Glo® (CTG) Test sowie durch Tetrazolium Reduktion (MTT) evaluiert. Die Zellproliferation wurde durch Inkorporation von Bromdesoxyuridin (BrdU) in die DNA aktiver Zellen analysiert. Der Wound Healing Assay (WHA) diente der Quantifizierung der Zellmigration. Zusätzlich wurde die Expression bestimmter Schlüsselgene mittels real-time PCR und die Proteinexpression via proteom array für Inflammation, Zellproliferation und Angiogenese erhoben. Ergebnisse Die Inkubation von hFOB 1.19 mit der Testsubstanz für 24/72 Stunden führte zu keiner Reduktion von Zellzahl, -vitalität oder -proliferation. Auch die Zellmigration war unbeeinträchtigt. Es zeigte sich eine Induktion inflammatorischer Gene, Wachstumsfaktoren sowie Genen der knöchernen Regeneration (ALP, Col1, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, Osteocalcin, Osteonectin, RUMX2, TGF, VEGFA). Verschiedene Zytokine, Chemokine und Akute Phase Proteine wurden vermehrt exprimiert. Schlussfolgerung Die Testsubstanz hatte keine negativen Auswirkungen auf die gemessenen Zellvitalitätsparameter (MTT, CTG, BrdU and WHA). Es zeigte sich eine Aktivierungstendenz für Wachstumsfaktoren, Gene und Proteine der Knochenregeneration, die auf einen möglichen positiven Effekt der Substanz auf den Prozess des Knochenheilung hinweisen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Franziska Struckmann
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Allouch-Fey
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schulte
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery of Heidelberg University, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Andreas Wentzensen Research Institute, BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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16
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Zhang YY, Xie N, Sun XD, Nice EC, Liou YC, Huang C, Zhu H, Shen Z. Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38368422 PMCID: PMC10874461 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, has led to a high risk of fatal osteoporotic fractures worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sexual dimorphism is a notable feature of osteoporosis, with sex-specific differences in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Specifically, females are more susceptible than males to osteoporosis, while males are more prone to disability or death from the disease. To date, sex chromosome abnormalities and steroid hormones have been proven to contribute greatly to sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis by regulating the functions of bone cells. Understanding the sex-specific differences in osteoporosis and its related complications is essential for improving treatment strategies tailored to women and men. This literature review focuses on the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis, mainly in a population of aging patients, chronic glucocorticoid administration, and diabetes. Moreover, we highlight the implications of sexual dimorphism for developing therapeutics and preventive strategies and screening approaches tailored to women and men. Additionally, the challenges in translating bench research to bedside treatments and future directions to overcome these obstacles will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Karnik SJ, Margetts TJ, Wang HS, Movila A, Oblak AL, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA, Plotkin LI. Mind the Gap: Unraveling the Intricate Dance Between Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias and Bone Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:165-176. [PMID: 38285083 PMCID: PMC10912190 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the linked pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease/related dementia (AD/ADRD) and bone disorders like osteoporosis. The emphasis is on "inflammaging"-a low-level inflammation common to both, and its implications in an aging population. RECENT FINDINGS Aging intensifies both ADRD and bone deterioration. Notably, ADRD patients have a heightened fracture risk, impacting morbidity and mortality, though it is uncertain if fractures worsen ADRD. Therapeutically, agents targeting inflammation pathways, especially Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and TNF-α, appear beneficial for both conditions. Additionally, treatments like Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), known for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, are gaining attention. The interconnectedness of AD/ADRD and bone health necessitates a unified treatment approach. By addressing shared mechanisms, we can potentially transform therapeutic strategies, enriching our understanding and refining care in our aging society. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali J Karnik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Tyler J Margetts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hannah S Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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18
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Wang X, Sun B, Wang Y, Gao P, Song J, Chang W, Xiao Z, Xi Y, Li Z, An F, Yan C. Research progress of targeted therapy regulating Th17/Treg balance in bone immune diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1333993. [PMID: 38352872 PMCID: PMC10861655 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1333993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) are common bone-immune diseases. The imbalance between helper (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) produced during differentiation of CD4+ T cells plays a key regulatory role in bone remodelling disorders in RA and PMOP. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of this imbalance in bone remodelling in RA and PMOP has not been clarified. Identifying the regulatory mechanism underlying the Th17/Treg imbalance in RA and PMOP during bone remodelling represents a key factor in the research and development of new drugs for bone immune diseases. In this review, the potential roles of Th17, Treg, and Th17/Treg imbalance in regulating bone remodelling in RA and PMOP have been summarised, and the potential mechanisms by which probiotics, traditional Chinese medicine compounds, and monomers maintain bone remodelling by regulating the Th17/Treg balance are expounded. The maintenance of Th17/Treg balance could be considered as an therapeutic alternative for the treatment of RA and PMOP. This study also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of conventional treatments and the quality of life and rehabilitation of patients with RA and PMOP. The findings presented her will provide a better understanding of the close relationship between bone immunity and bone remodelling in chronic bone diseases and new ideas for future research, prevention, and treatment of bone immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bai Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weirong Chang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhipan Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongbin Xi
- Orthopaedics Department, The No.2 People's Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhonghong Li
- Pathological Research Centre, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Centre, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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19
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Wang X, Zou C, Hou C, Li M, Bian Z, Zhu L. POU Class 2 Homeobox Associating Factor 1, as a Hub Candidate Gene in OP, Relieves Osteoblast Apoptosis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04833-y. [PMID: 38183606 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that osteoblast apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). This study aimed to identify a hub gene associated with osteoporosis (OP) progression and its functions. We utilized the GSE68303 expression dataset from GEO database and conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate changes in co-expressed genes between sham and ovariectomy (OVX) groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the "limma" R package on GSE68303 dataset. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, which was visualized by Cytoscape software. The top ten hub genes were screened using the Cytohubba plugin, among which POU class 2 homeobox associating factor 1 (POU2AF1), an OP-related hub gene, showed a significant increase in OVX-induced mouse model based on immunohistochemical staining. Inhibition of POU2AF1 suppressed cell viability, induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and promoted osteoblast apoptosis as demonstrated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, and TUNEL assay. Moreover, overexpression of POU2AF1 decreased cleaved caspase-3/-8/-9 expression while increasing cyclinD1 and Ki67 expression in MC3T3-E1 and hFOB1.19 cells. Therefore, POU2AF1 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for slowing down the progression of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunchun Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changju Hou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Maoqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Bian
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liulong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
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20
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Chen S, Jin J, Xu Z, Han H, Wu L, Li Z. Catalpol attenuates osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats through promoting osteoclast apoptosis via the Sirt6-ERα-FasL axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155262. [PMID: 38100921 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catalpol, a major active component of the Chinese herb Rehmannia glutinosa, possesses various pharmacological benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antitumor properties. Recent studies have reported that catalpol can attenuate bone loss and enhance bone formation. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects on osteoporosis pathogenesis remain unclear. PURPOSE We investigated whether catalpol had a protective effect against postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and explored its exact mechanism of action. METHODS Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham, model, low-dose catalpol (5 mg/kg/day), medium-dose catalpol (10 mg/kg/day), high-dose catalpol (20 mg/kg/day), and positive control (alendronate, 2.5 mg/kg). In this experiment, a ovariectomy was performed to establish a female rat model of PMOP. After 12 weeks of gavage, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histochemical staining were performed to evaluate bone mass, bone microstructure and histological parameters. Furthermore, RAW 264.7 cells were induced by RANKL to form mature osteoclasts to investigate the effect of catalpol on osteoclast differentiation and apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, the osteoclast apoptosis-related proteins of Sirt6, ERα, FasL, NFATc1, cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 3, and Bax were assessed using western blotting. The expressions of NFATc1, Ctsk, Oscar, and Trap were quantified using RT-qPCR. The apoptotic rate of the osteoclasts was determined using flow cytometry. Sirt6 knockdown was performed using siRNA gene silencing in experiments to investigate its role in catalpol-mediated osteoclast apoptosis. The deacetylation of ERα in osteoclasts was tested via co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Catalpol (10 and 20 mg/kg) and alendronate (2.5 mg/kg) could significantly improve bone mineral density (BMD) and microstructure and decrease osteoclast density in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In addition, catalpol (10 and 20 mg/kg) upregulated the expression of Sirt6, ERα, FasL, cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 3, Bax, and downregulated the expression of NFATc1, Ctsk, Oscar, Trap both in vivo and in vitro. Catalpol also promoted ERα deacetylation and stabilized ERα protein to enhance the expression of FasL. In addition, Sirt6 knockdown by siRNA prevented ERα deacetylation and eliminated catalpol-mediated osteoclast apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that catalpol prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by promoting osteoclast apoptosis via the Sirt6-ERα-FasL axis. These findings revealed a novel molecular mechanism underpinning the impact of catalpol in the progression of osteoporosis and provided novel insights into the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziqing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huawei Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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21
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Madvar RR, Taher MA. Preparation of fluorescent sensor based on Zn metal-organic framework for detection and determination of raloxifene as an anticancer drug. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117449. [PMID: 37858690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. Raloxifene (RLX) is a somewhat effective drug in lowering cholesterol, preventing and treating invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and does not interfere with breast tissue. Nevertheless, considering the possibility of risk in biological function due to excessive use of anticancer drugs and the adverse effects of drugs in wastewater on plants, animals, and aquatic, it is useful to determine the concentration of RLX in water and human body fluids. Here, a fluorescent metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticle based on trinuclear zinc clusters called Zn-MOF was presented, which is a high-performance and fast-response fluorescent chemosensor that can be used to detect RLX based on the fluorescence quenching medium in water. FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDS analyses were used to identify the functional group and determine the structure and morphology of Zn-MOF. pH range 3-10. The prepared nanoparticles showed symmetric emission with excitation at a wavelength of 310.0 nm. The performance of the proposed fluorescent nanosensor was proportional to the quenching of the fluorescent signal with increasing RLX concentration at 404.0 nm; the quenching fluorescence response was linear in RLX concentration from 0.7 to 350 ng/mL with a significant detection limit equal to 0.485 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Riahi Madvar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Taher
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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22
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Na Z, Wei W, Xu Y, Li D, Yin B, Gu W. Role of menopausal hormone therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220759. [PMID: 38152576 PMCID: PMC10752002 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has declined due to concerns about its potential side effects. However, its pivotal role in managing postmenopausal osteoporosis is gaining increased recognition. In this article, we explore how MHT assists postmenopausal women in maintaining bone health and preventing fractures. Recent research indicates that MHT significantly reduces the risk of fractures in women. This benefit is evident regardless of a woman's bone mineral density or their use of progestogens. However, there is limited evidence suggesting that the skeletal benefits continue once the treatment is discontinued. Possible complications of MHT include heart attacks, clots, strokes, dementia, and breast cancer. The most suitable candidates for MHT are women who have recently entered menopause, are experiencing menopausal symptoms, and are below 60 years of age with a minimal baseline risk of adverse events. The treatment is available to those who meet these criteria. For women undergoing premature menopause, MHT can be considered as a means to protect bone health, especially if initiated before menopause or if accelerated bone loss is documented soon after menopause. Such decisions should be made after evaluating individual risk factors and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Na
- Department of Gynecology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People’s Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Yingfang Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changzhou Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou No. 7 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Beili Yin
- Department of Gynecology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Weiqun Gu
- Department of Gynecology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, 215500, China
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23
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Sauhta R, Makkar D, Siwach PS. The Sequential Therapy in Osteoporosis. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:150-162. [PMID: 38107815 PMCID: PMC10721775 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis management often involves a sequential treatment approach to optimize patient outcomes and minimize fracture risks. This strategy is tailored to individual patient characteristics, treatment responses, and fracture risk profiles. Methods A thorough literature review was systematically executed using prominent databases, including PubMed and EMBASE. The primary aim was to identify original articles and clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of sequential therapy with anti-osteoporosis drugs, focusing on the period from 1995 to 2023. The analysis encompassed an in-depth examination of osteoporosis drugs, delineating their mechanisms of action, side effects, and current trends as elucidated in the literature. Results and Discussion Our study yielded noteworthy insights into the optimal sequencing of pharmacologic agents for the long-term treatment of patients necessitating multiple drugs. Notably, the achievement of optimal improvements in bone mass is observed when commencing treatment with an anabolic medication, followed by the subsequent utilization of an antiresorptive drug. This stands in contrast to initiating therapy with a bisphosphonate, which may potentially diminish outcomes in the post-anabolic intervention period. Furthermore, it has been discerned that caution should be exercised against transitioning from denosumab to PTH homologs due to the adverse effects of heightened bone turnover and sustained weakening of bone structure. Despite the absence of fracture data substantiating the implementation of integrated anabolic/antiresorptive pharmacotherapy, the incorporation of denosumab and teriparatide presents a potential avenue worthy of consideration for individuals at a heightened vulnerability to fragility fractures. Conclusions A judiciously implemented sequential treatment strategy in osteoporosis offers a flexible and tailored approach to address diverse clinical scenarios, optimizing fracture prevention and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sauhta
- Department Orthopedics and Joint
Replacement, Artemis Hospitals, Gurgaon, India
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24
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Gulec M, Tassoker M, Erturk M. Evaluation of cortical and trabecular bone structure of the mandible in patients using L-Thyroxine. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:886. [PMID: 37986156 PMCID: PMC10659045 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term use of L-Thyroxine (LT4), the synthetic thyroxine hormone used for thyroid hormone replacement therapy, is an important risk factor for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between mandibular cortical index (MCI) and trabecular bone fractal dimension (FD) values on panoramic radiographs of patients using LT4 and control subjects. METHODS A total of 142 female patients, 71 cases and 71 controls, were analyzed in the study. Ages were matched in case and control groups and the mean age was 36.6 ± 8.2 (18 to 50) years. MCI consisting of C1 (Normal Mandibular Cortex), C2 (Moderately Resorbed Mandibular Cortex) and, C3 (Severely Resorbed Cortex) scores was determined for case and control groups. Fractal analysis was performed using ImageJ on selected regions of interest from the gonial and interdental regions. The box-count method was used to calculate FD values. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation analysis were applied to compare the measurements. Statistical significance of differences was established at P < 0.05 level. RESULTS FD values did not show statistically significant differences between case and control groups (p > 0.05). The mean FD in the right gonial region was 1.38 ± 0.07 in the case group and 1.38 ± 0.08 in the control group (p = 0.715). The mean FD in the right interdental region was 1.37 ± 0.06 in the cases and 1.36 ± 0.06 in the control group (p = 0.373). The mean FD in the left gonial region was 1.39 ± 0.07 in the cases and 1.39 ± 0.07 in the control group (p = 0.865). The mean FD in the left interdental region is 1.37 ± 0.06 in the cases and 1.38 ± 0.05 in the control group (p = 0.369). The most common MCI score was C1, with 62% in the cases and 83.1% in the control group. MCI scores showed a statistically significant difference between cases and controls (p = 0.016, p < 0.05). While the C2 score was higher in the cases, the C1 score was higher in the controls. CONCLUSIONS LT4 use was not associated with the FD of mandibular trabecular bone, but was associated with MCI values of cortical bone. Further studies on larger samples with different imaging modalities and image processing methods are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Gulec
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Faculty of Dentistry, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Melek Tassoker
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry, Bağlarbaşı sk, Meram, Konya, 42050, Turkey.
| | - Mediha Erturk
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry, Bağlarbaşı sk, Meram, Konya, 42050, Turkey
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25
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Musazadeh V, Nazari A, Natami M, Hajhashemy Z, Kazemi KS, Torabi F, Moridpour AH, Vajdi M, Askari G. The effect of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1222584. [PMID: 37927501 PMCID: PMC10623424 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1222584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent data suggest that flaxseed supplementation may have a role in sex hormones. We aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating effects of flaxseed supplementation on sex hormone profile. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2023. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was pooled using a random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity, and publication bias were reported using standard methods. The quality of each study was evaluated with the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, known as RoB 2. Finding from ten RCTs revealed that flaxseed supplementation had no significant alteration in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.87, 0.66: p = 0.783), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.72; p = 0.063), total testosterone (TT) levels (SMD: 0.17; 95% CI: -0.07, 0.41; p = 0.165), free androgen index (FAI) (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: -0.61, 0.83; p = 0.759), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (SMD: 0.08, 95%CI: -0.55, 0.72, p = 0.794). Flaxseed supplementation had no significant effect on sex hormones in adults. Nevertheless, due to the limited included trials, this topic is still open and needs further studies in future RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajhashemy
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kimia Sadat Kazemi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Torabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Chen ZH, Du DY, Fu YF, Wu JJ, Guo DY, Li YY, Chen MN, Yuan ZD, Zhang KW, Zhang ZY, Li X, Yuan FL. Citric acid-modified pH-sensitive bone-targeted delivery of estrogen for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100747. [PMID: 37576873 PMCID: PMC10415756 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone targeted delivery of estrogen offers great promise for the clinical application of estrogen in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). However, the current bone-targeted drug delivery system still has several issues that need to be solved, such as the side effects of bone-targeted modifier molecules and the failure of the delivery system to release rapidly in the bone tissue. It is important to aggressively search for new bone-targeted modifier molecules and bone microenvironment-responsive delivery vehicles. Inspired by the distribution of citric acid (CA) mainly in bone tissue and the acidic bone resorption microenvironment, we constructed a CA-modified diblock copolymer poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (CA-PEOz) drug delivery system. In our study, we found that the CA modification significantly increased the bone targeting of this drug delivery system, and the delivery system was able to achieve rapid drug release under bone acidic conditions. The delivery system significantly reduced bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporotic mice with a significant reduction in estrogenic side effects on the uterus. In summary, our study shows that CA can act as an effective bone targeting modifier molecule and provides a new option for bone targeting modifications. Our study also provides a new approach for bone-targeted delivery of estrogen for the treatment of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hua Chen
- Affiliated Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - De-Yan Du
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Fei Fu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan-Yang Guo
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue-Yue Li
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Nan Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Ma S, Xu S, Li M, Du Y, Tian G, Deng J, Zhang W, Wei P, Zhao B, Zhang X, Liu Z, Wang Y. A Bone Targeting Nanoparticle Loaded OGP to Restore Bone Homeostasis for Osteoporosis Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300560. [PMID: 37562069 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Restoring bone homeostasis is the key to the treatment of osteoporosis. How to increase osteogenic ability or inhibit osteoclast activity has always been a topic of great concern. In recent years, short peptides with biological activity have received great attention in bone repair. However, the application of short peptides is still limited due to the lack of a stable and targeted delivery system. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles modified by alendronate (AL) to transport osteogenic peptides (OGP) (AL-PLGA@P NPs) are designed. Benefiting from the high affinity of AL for hydroxyapatite, AL-PLGA@P NPs have the ability to target bone. In this delivery system, OGP that promotes osteogenesis synergizes with AL, which inhibits osteoclasts, to regulate bone homeostasis, which gives them more advantages in the treatment of osteoporosis. The data shows that nanoparticles can selectively deliver peptides to the bone surface without systemic toxicity. Moreover, nanoparticles can upregulate osteogenesis-related factors (ALP, Runx-2, and BMP2) and downregulate osteoclast-related factors (TRAP and CTSK) in vitro. With AL-PLGA@P NPs, bone microarchitecture and bone mass are improved in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats. Therefore, this study proposes a novel osteoporosis-based drug system that effectively improves bone density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Shendan Xu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Minting Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Yaqi Du
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Guangjie Tian
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Beijing Biosis Healing Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Beijing Biosis Healing Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
| | - Yonglan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 30070, China
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Schroeder RJ, Staszkiewicz J, O'Quin C, Carroll B, Doan N, Patel S, Ahmadzadeh S, Kallurkar A, Viswanath O, Varrassi G, Shekoohi S, Kaye AD. Oral Therapeutics Post Menopausal Osteoporosis. Cureus 2023; 15:e42870. [PMID: 37664395 PMCID: PMC10474253 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects a significant number of postmenopausal women in the United States. Screening is performed using clinical assessments and bone mineral density scans via dual x-ray absorptiometry. Oral therapy is indicated to prevent pathologic fractures in those deemed at increased risk following screening. Bisphosphonates including alendronate, ibandronate, and risedronate are currently first-line oral therapeutics in fracture prevention following the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Hormonal therapies include estrogen-containing therapies, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and other compounds that mimic the effects of estrogen such as tibolone. Lifestyle modifications such as supplementation and physical activity may also contribute to the prevention of osteoporosis and are used as adjuncts to therapy following diagnosis. These therapeutics are limited primarily by their adverse effects. Treatment regimens should be tailored based on significant risk factors demonstrated by patients, adverse effects, and clinical response to treatment. The most severe risk factors relevant to pharmacological selection involve hormone replacement therapies, where concern for venous thrombosis, coronary artery disease, breast, and uterine cancer exist. Bisphosphonates are most commonly associated with gastrointestinal discomfort which may be mitigated with proper administration. Although adverse effects exist, these medications have proven to be efficacious in the prevention of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women. Fracture risk should be weighed against the risk of adverse events associated with each of the regimens, with clinical judgment dictating the treatment approach centered around patient goals and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Schroeder
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Julia Staszkiewicz
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Collyn O'Quin
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Brandon Carroll
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Nicolette Doan
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Sagar Patel
- Anaesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Shahab Ahmadzadeh
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Anusha Kallurkar
- Anaesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- Pain Management, Valley Pain Consultants - Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, USA
| | | | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
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Kikuchi S, Wada A, Kamihara Y, Yamamoto I, Kirigaya D, Kunimoto K, Horaguchi R, Fujihira T, Nabe Y, Minemura T, Dang NH, Sato T. A Novel Mechanism for Bone Loss: Platelet Count Negatively Correlates with Bone Mineral Density via Megakaryocyte-Derived RANKL. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12150. [PMID: 37569526 PMCID: PMC10418703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A potential association between hematopoietic stem cell status in bone marrow and surrounding bone tissue has been hypothesized, and some studies have investigated the link between blood count and bone mineral density (BMD), although their exact relationship remains controversial. Moreover, biological factors linking the two are largely unknown. In our present study, we found no clear association between platelet count and BMD in the female group, with aging having a very strong effect on BMD. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation was found between platelet count and BMD in the male group. As a potential mechanism, we examined whether megakaryocytes, the source of platelet production, secrete cytokines that regulate BMD, namely OPG, M-CSF, and RANKL. We detected the production of these cytokines by megakaryocytes derived from bone marrow mononuclear cells, and found that RANKL was negatively correlated with BMD. This finding suggests that RANKL production by megakaryocytes may mediate the negative correlation between platelet count and BMD. To our knowledge, this is the first report to analyze bone marrow cells as a mechanism for the association between blood count and BMD. Our study may provide new insights into the development and potential treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Kikuchi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Akinori Wada
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Yusuke Kamihara
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Imari Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Daiki Kirigaya
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Kohei Kunimoto
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Ryusuke Horaguchi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Takuma Fujihira
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Yoshimi Nabe
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Tomoki Minemura
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Nam H. Dang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.K.); (A.W.); (Y.K.); (I.Y.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (R.H.); (T.F.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
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Xu J, Cao B, Li C, Li G. The recent progress of endocrine therapy-induced osteoporosis in estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1218206. [PMID: 37483519 PMCID: PMC10361726 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1218206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, and the discovery of endocrine therapy has played a crucial role in the treatment of estrogen-positive breast cancer. However, these therapies are often associated with osteoporosis-related adverse events, which increase the risk of fractures in breast cancer patients and can result in limited mobility and reduced quality of life. Previous studies have shown that osteoporosis is essential side effects of the breast cancer therapy, although the exact mechanisms remain mostly unclear. Current clinical treatments, such as bisphosphonates, cause side effects and may impact the therapeutic response to endocrine drugs. In this review, we explore the likelihood of endocrine therapy-induced osteoporosis in estrogen-positive breast cancer therapy and discuss the involved mechanisms as well as the therapeutic potential of drugs and drug combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chunyu Li
- *Correspondence: Chunyu Li, ; Guohui Li,
| | - Guohui Li
- *Correspondence: Chunyu Li, ; Guohui Li,
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Wang Y, Che L, Chen X, He Z, Song D, Yuan Y, Liu C. Repurpose dasatinib and quercetin: Targeting senescent cells ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis and rejuvenates bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2023; 25:13-28. [PMID: 37056256 PMCID: PMC10088057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical therapies developed for estrogen-deficiency-driven postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and related diseases, such as bone degeneration, show multiple adverse effects nowadays. Targeting senescent cells (SnCs) and the consequent senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with a combination of dasatinib and quercetin (DQ) is a recently developed novel therapy for multiple age-related diseases. Herein, we found that estrogen deficiency induced-bone loss was attributed to a pro-inflammatory microenvironment with SASP secretions and accelerated SnC accumulation, especially senescent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) characterized by exhaustion and dysfunction in middle aged rats. Systematically targeting SnCs with DQ strikingly ameliorated PMO and restored MSC function. Local administration of DQ and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) in combination promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and rejuvenated osteoporotic bone regeneration. Our results repurposed DQ as an attractive therapy for treating PMO and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lingbin Che
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Zirui He
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Dianwen Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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Zhou X, Sun S, Chen Y, Liu C, Li D, Cheng Q, He M, Li Y, Xu K, Ta D. Pulsed frequency modulated ultrasound promotes therapeutic effects of osteoporosis induced by ovarian failure in mice. ULTRASONICS 2023; 132:106973. [PMID: 36893552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been proved to be an effective technique for the treatment of osteoporosis. To better activate the bone formation-related markers, promote the different stages of osteogenesis, and further enhance the therapeutic effects of ultrasound, this study employed pulsed frequency modulated ultrasound (pFMUS) to treat mice with osteoporosis, which was caused by ovarian failure due to 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD) injection. Healthy 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham (S), VCD-control (V), VCD + LIPUS (VU), and VCD + pFMUS (VFU). VU and VFU groups were treated by LIPUS and pFMUS, respectively. Serum analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), mechanical testing and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of ultrasound. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to explore the mechanism of ultrasound on osteoporosis. Results showed that pFMUS might have better therapeutic effects than traditional LIPUS in terms of bone microstructure and bone strength. In addition, pFMUS could promote bone formation by activating phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway, and slow down bone resorption by increasing osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (OPG/RANKL) ratio. This study is of positive prognostic significance when understanding the mechanism of ultrasound regulation on osteoporosis and establishing novel treatment plan of osteoporosis by multi-frequency ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Zhou
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuxin Sun
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuefu Chen
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Min He
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Kailiang Xu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dean Ta
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Tang X, Qin H, Yang J, Zhang X. Transdermal Delivery of Estradiol Simultaneously Possessing Rapid Release and Sustained Release Effect. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:145. [PMID: 37353673 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02604-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolving microneedle (DMN) has been researched as a drug delivery technology that improves drug molecule transportation through the skin with little discomfort. However, the sluggish drug absorption, poor skin dissolution, and lengthy time lags of DMN have limited its potential uses. The aim of this study was to design a novel DMN system for the administration of the poorly water-soluble drug, estradiol (E2), with fast skin penetration and a stable release rate for a long time. DMN containing E2 emulsion (E2-EM-DMN) and traditional DMN (T-DMN) were prepared. Rat skin was used for penetration test and guinea pig skin was used for skin irritation experiment. The drug release profiles and stability properties of these two kinds of DMNs were also investigated. High performance liquid chromatography was employed to determine the E2 content in DMN. The E2 concentration in rat plasma was achieved by a newly developed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method that was fast, reproducible, and specific. The height of E2-EM-DMN and T-DMN was 600 μm. The drug loading of the E2-EM-DMN and T-DMN was 667.30 ± 7.21 μg/patch and 672.56 ± 6.98 μg/patch. E2-EM-DMN possessed enough mechanical strength to penetrate the skin and caused no irritation to the skin. E2-EM-DMN could release the drug more rapidly and more continuously than T-DMN. E2-EM-DMN had good pharmaceutical stability. In summary, the E2-EM-DMN showed reliable quality and superior release performance. Emulsion-embedded DMN is an ideal transdermal delivery system for drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoFei Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No.199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huaiying Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No.199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No.199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - XiaoYun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No.199, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Cai W, Sun B, Song C, Liu F, Wu Z, Liu Z. Resveratrol induces proliferation and differentiation of mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 by promoting autophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:121. [PMID: 37060066 PMCID: PMC10103476 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mouse, it was discovered that resveratrol (Res) enhanced osteoporosis (OP) by boosting osteogenesis. Besides, Res can also have an impact on MC3T3-E1 cells, which are crucial for the control of osteogenesis and thus increase osteogenesis. Although some articles have discovered that Res enhanced autophagy to promote the value-added differentiation of MC3T3, it is unclear exactly how this affects the process of osteogenesis in mouse. Therefore, we will show that Res encourages MC3T3-E1 proliferation and differentiation in mouse pre-osteoblasts and further investigate the autophagy-related mechanism for this impact. METHODS (1) MC3T3-E1 cells were separated into blank control group and various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100µmol/L) of group in order to determine the ideal Res concentration. In the Res group, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to measure the proliferation activity of pre-osteoblasts in mice in each group after resveratrol intervention. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining were used to gauge the degree of osteogenic differentiation, and RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression levels of Runx2 and OCN in the osteogenic differentiation ability of the cells. (2) In the experiment, four groups were set up: the control group, 3MA group, Res group, and Res + 3MA group. To examine cell mineralization, ALP and alizarin red staining were utilized. RT-qPCR and Western blot detection of cell autophagy activity levels and osteogenic differentiation capacity in each group following intervention. RESULTS (1) Resveratrol might increase the number of mice pre-osteoblast, with the impact being most pronounced at 10µmol/L (P < 0.05). The nodules developed substantially more often than in the blank control group, and Runx2 and OCN expressions significantly increased (P < 0.05). (2) In contrast to the Res group, after 3MA purine blocked autophagy, the Res + 3MA group's alkaline phosphatase staining and the development of mineralized nodules were reduced. Runx2, OCN, LC3II / LC3I expression decreased, p62 expression increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present study partially or indirectly demonstrated that Res may, through increased autophagy, induce osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Sun
- The People's Hospital Of Jimo, Jimo, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengliang Wu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China.
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He X, Wang Y, Liu Z, Weng Y, Chen S, Pan Q, Li Y, Wang H, Lin S, Yu H. Osteoporosis treatment using stem cell-derived exosomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:72. [PMID: 37038180 PMCID: PMC10088147 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing incidence of osteoporosis in recent years has aroused widespread public concern; however, existing effective treatments are limited. Therefore, new osteoporosis treatment methods, including stem cell transplantation and exosome therapy, have been proposed and are gaining momentum. Exosomes are considered to have greater potential for clinical application owing to their immunocompatibility. This study summarises the latest evidence demonstrating the efficacy of exosomes in improving bone loss in the treatment of osteoporosis. MAIN TEXT This systematic review and meta-analyses searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 26 March 2022 for osteoporosis treatment studies using stem cell-derived exosomes. Six endpoints were selected to determine efficacy: bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume fraction, trabecular number, trabecular separation, trabecular thickness, and cortical thickness. The search generated 366 citations. Eventually, 11 articles that included 15 controlled preclinical trials and 242 experimental animals (rats and mice) were included in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION The results were relatively robust and reliable despite some publication biases, suggesting that exosome treatment increased bone mass, improved bone microarchitecture, and enhanced bone strength compared with placebo treatments. Moreover, stem cell-derived exosomes may favour anabolism over catabolism, shifting the dynamic balance towards bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yangbin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yiyong Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shupeng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qunlong Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yizhong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hanshi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Haiming Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
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Ranatunga S, Kulkarni B, Kinra S, Ebeling PR, Zengin A. Sex-specific associations between markers of arterial stiffness and bone mineral density in Indian men and women. Bone 2023; 169:116686. [PMID: 36720333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share common risk factors, yet both are usually underdiagnosed in the absence of major complications. We investigated associations between arterial stiffness, cardiac workload, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in Indian adults. METHODS Men and women aged >45 years from the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study (APCAPS) were included for cross-sectional analysis (521 women and 696 men). Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measured aBMD at the whole body, total hip and lumbar spine. Supine blood pressure and heart rate were measured and used to calculate rate pressure product and pulse pressure; augmentation index, pulse wave velocity and CIMT were measured. Sex-interactions were tested (denoted as p-int); adjustments were made for confounders. Data were expressed as SD differences with 95 % confidence intervals. RESULTS There were significant negative associations between pulse pressure and aBMD at all sites in women only. In unadjusted analyses, for every 1SD increase in pulse pressure, women had greater negative differences in aBMD at the whole body (-0.13 vs 0.007), total hip (-0.20 vs -0.05) and lumbar spine (-0.12 vs 0.05) compared with men. After adjustments, sex differences remained. Similar negative associations were seen between pulse wave velocity and augmentation index with aBMD in women only. There were no sex differences between CIMT and rate pressure product with aBMD. CONCLUSIONS Markers of arterial stiffness are associated with poorer bone health in Indian women, but not in men. There is a need to identify the shared risk factors and markers of arterial stiffness and poor bone health to detect those who require co-management of these diseases to prevent cardiovascular events and fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasheni Ranatunga
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Bharati Kulkarni
- Clinical Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania PO, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Ayse Zengin
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, VIC, Australia.
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Brent MB. Pharmaceutical treatment of bone loss: From animal models and drug development to future treatment strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108383. [PMID: 36933702 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are fundamental to advance our knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of bone loss and to study pharmaceutical countermeasures against it. The animal model of post-menopausal osteoporosis from ovariectomy is the most widely used preclinical approach to study skeletal deterioration. However, several other animal models exist, each with unique characteristics such as bone loss from disuse, lactation, glucocorticoid excess, or exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these animal models to emphasize the importance and significance of investigating bone loss and pharmaceutical countermeasures from perspectives other than post-menopausal osteoporosis only. Hence, the pathophysiology and underlying cellular mechanisms involved in the various types of bone loss are different, and this might influence which prevention and treatment strategies are the most effective. In addition, the review sought to map the current landscape of pharmaceutical countermeasures against osteoporosis with an emphasis on how drug development has changed from being driven by clinical observations and enhancement or repurposing of existing drugs to today's use of targeted anti-bodies that are the result of advanced insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of bone formation and resorption. Moreover, new treatment combinations or repurposing opportunities of already approved drugs with a focus on dabigatran, parathyroid hormone and abaloparatide, growth hormone, inhibitors of the activin signaling pathway, acetazolamide, zoledronate, and romosozumab are discussed. Despite the considerable progress in drug development, there is still a clear need to improve treatment strategies and develop new pharmaceuticals against various types of osteoporosis. The review also highlights that new treatment indications should be explored using multiple animal models of bone loss in order to ensure a broad representation of different types of skeletal deterioration instead of mainly focusing on primary osteoporosis from post-menopausal estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Bo Brent
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Xu B, Dong F, Yang P, Wang Z, Yan M, Fang J, Zhang Y. Boric Acid Inhibits RANKL-Stimulated Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Attenuates LPS-Induced Bone Loss In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1388-1397. [PMID: 35397103 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron and boric acid (BA) can promote osteogenic differentiation and reduce bone resorption, which controls bone growth and maintenance of bone tissue. It has been reported that BA activates PERK-eIF2α signaling to induce cytoplasmic stress granules and cell senescence in human prostate DU-145 cells. However, whether BA can affect osteoclasts formation and LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss, and the role of the PERK-eIF2α pathway in the process, remains unknown. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pre-treated with boric acid (BA, 1, 10, 100 μmol/L) for 4 h, and then incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL, 50 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of BA for 5 days. CCK-8 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were used to examine cell viability, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption; quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine mRNA levels of c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), TRAP, and cathepsin K; western blotting was used to examine protein expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), phosphorylated PERK (p-PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α). In vivo, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss model in mice was established, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, bone biochemical analysis, and osteoclastogenic cytokines were detected to evaluate the effect of BA on LPS-induced bone loss. In our vitro results showed that BA treatment for 5 days inhibited osteoclasts formation as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of osteoclasts marker genes c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP, and cathepsin K were attenuated by BA. Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that BA attenuated RANKL-induced PERK-eIF2α pathway activation. The in vivo data indicated that BA significantly prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss. Our findings strongly suggest that BA may be a promising agent for the treatment of bone destructive diseases caused by excessive osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanhe Dong
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Yang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, 1158 2nd Avenue, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China.
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Can probiotics decrease the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women? PHARMANUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Mao X, Li H, Zheng J. Effects of xenobiotics on CYP1 enzyme-mediated biotransformation and bioactivation of estradiol. Drug Metab Rev 2023; 55:1-49. [PMID: 36823774 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2177671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous estradiol (E2) exerts diverse physiological and pharmacological activities, commonly used for hormone replacement therapy. However, prolonged and excessive exposure to E2 potentially increases estrogenic cancer risk. Reportedly, CYP1 enzyme-mediated biotransformation of E2 is largely concerned with its balance between detoxification and carcinogenic pathways. Among the three key CYP1 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1), CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 mainly catalyze the formation of nontoxic 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OH-E2), while CYP1B1 specifically catalyzes the formation of genotoxic 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OH-E2). 4-OH-E2 can be further metabolized to electrophilic quinone intermediates accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering DNA damage. Since abnormal alterations in CYP1 activities can greatly affect the bioactivation process of E2, regulatory effects of xenobiotics on CYP1s are essential for E2-associated cancer development. To date, thousands of natural and synthetic compounds have been found to show potential inhibition and/or induction actions on the three CYP1 members. Generally, these chemicals share similar planar polycyclic skeletons, the structural motifs and substituent groups of which are important for their inhibitory/inductive efficiency and selectivity toward CYP1 enzymes. This review comprehensively summarizes these known inhibitors and/or inductors of E2-metabolizing CYP1s based on chemical categories and discusses their structure-activity relationships, which would contribute to better understanding of the correlation between xenobiotic-regulated CYP1 activities and estrogenic cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Zhang R, Huang Q, Su G, Wei M, Cui Y, Zhou H, Song W, Di D, Liu J, Wang Q. Association between multiple vitamins and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional and population-based study in the NHANES from 2005 to 2006. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:113. [PMID: 36765290 PMCID: PMC9912521 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone mineral density (BMD) alterations in response to multivitamin exposure were rarely studied. Our study assessed the association of coexposure to six types of vitamins (i.e., vitamins B12, B9, C, D, A and E) with BMD measurements in adults in the US. METHODS Data were collected from participants aged ≥ 20 years (n = 2757) in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2005 to 2006. Multiple linear regression, restricted cubic splines, principal component analysis (PCA) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS The circulating levels of vitamins B12 and C were positively associated with BMDs, and an inverted L-shaped exposure relationship was observed between serum vitamin C and BMDs. PCA identified two principal components: one for 'water-soluble vitamins', including vitamins B12, B9 and C, and one for 'fat-soluble vitamins', including vitamins A, D and E. The former was positively associated with total femur (β = 0.009, 95%CI: 0.004, 0.015) and femoral neck (β = 0.007, 95%CI: 0.002, 0.013) BMDs, and the latter was negatively associated with BMDs with non-statistical significance. The WQS index constructed for the six vitamins was significantly related to total femur (β = 0.010, 95%CI: 0.001, 0.018) and femoral neck (β = 0.008, 95%CI: 0.001, 0.015) BMDs, and vitamins B12 and C weighted the most. The WQS index was inversely related to BMDs with non-statistical significance, and vitamins E and A weighted the most. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested a positive association between water-soluble vitamin coexposure and BMD, and the association was mainly driven by vitamins B12 and C. Negative association between fat-soluble vitamin coexposure and BMD was indicated, mainly driven by vitamins E and A. An inverted L-shaped exposure relationship was found between vitamin C and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qin Huang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Guanhua Su
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Muhong Wei
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yuan Cui
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Haolong Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wenjing Song
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Dongsheng Di
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Junan Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Wang Z, Zan X, Li Y, Lu Y, Xia Y, Pan X. Comparative efficacy different resistance training protocols on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1105303. [PMID: 36824476 PMCID: PMC9941565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the effects of different resistance training (RT) protocols on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the resistance training in improving bone mineral density for postmenopausal women were searched in databases including ProQuest, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. The retrieval time range was from the establishment of the database to May 2022. The included literature was independently screened and relevant data was extracted by two reviewers. The systematic review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for reviews of quantitative evidence. Quality of risk was assessed using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, risk of bias was assessedusing the Cochrane RoB2 tool and a network Meta-analysis was performed on the data using Stata 16.0. Results: A total of 19 studies, which included 919 subjects, were eventually acquired. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that moderate intensity resistance training was superior in improving lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD) and femoral neck bone mineral density (FN BMD) compared to the control group (as per usual daily life), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). There was, however, no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of increasing total hip bone mineral density (TH BMD) and trochanter bone mineral density (Troch BMD), although moderate intensity training tends to increase bone mineral density (p > 0.05). In addition, when training frequency is taken into consideration, 3 days/week of moderate intensity training (3MI) was superior to 2 days/week (2MI) in improving lumbar spine bone mineral density , and moderate intensity training was superior to low and high intensity resistance trainings at training frequency of 3 day/week, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The cumulative probability ranking results indicated that 3MI was the optimal option in improving lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip and Troch bone mineral density. Subgroup analyses combining interventions time showed that for lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density, 3MI protocol with intervention duration within 1 year (≤48 weeks) had a significant advantage over other interventions, while this advantage was no longer significant with the intervention duration of more than 1 year (>48 weeks). Conclusion: Current evidence shows that moderate intensity resistance training for 3 days/week can be preferred clinically to improve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, and it is recommended that the duration of the same training should not exceed 1 year. Nevertheless, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingchun Zan
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalGuizhouHospital, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Yongjie Li,
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincicial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyong Pan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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Bone regeneration in osteoporosis: opportunities and challenges. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:419-432. [PMID: 35994158 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disorder characterised by low bone mineral density, reduced bone strength, increased bone fragility, and impaired mineralisation of bones causing an increased risk of bone fracture. Several therapies are available for treating osteoporosis which include bisphosphonates, anti-resorptive agents, oestrogen modulators, etc. These therapies primarily focus on decreasing bone resorption and do not assist in bone regeneration or offering permanent curative solutions. Additionally, these therapies are associated with severe adverse events like thromboembolism, increased risk of stroke, and hypocalcaemia. To overcome these limitations, bone regenerative pathways and approaches are now considered to manage osteoporosis. The bone regenerative pathways involved in bone regeneration include wingless-related integration site/β-catenin signalling pathway, notch signalling pathway, calcium signalling, etc. The various regenerative approaches which possess potential to heal and replace the bone defect site include scaffolds, cements, cell therapy, and other alternative medicines. The review focuses on describing the challenges and opportunities in bone regeneration for osteoporosis.
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Roles of Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors, and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Skeletal Muscle: Regulation of Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031853. [PMID: 36768177 PMCID: PMC9916347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is an essential sex steroid hormone that functions primarily in female reproductive system, as well as in a variety of tissues and organs with pleiotropic effects, such as in cardiovascular, nervous, immune, and musculoskeletal systems. Women with low estrogen, as exemplified by those in postmenopause, are therefore prone to suffer from various disorders, i.e., cardiovascular disease, dementia, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, frailty, and so on. Estrogen regulates the expression of its target genes by binding to its cognate receptors, estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β. Notably, the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) α, β, and γ are originally identified as orphan receptors that share substantial structural homology and common transcriptional targets with ERs. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERs and ERRs play crucial roles in skeletal muscles, such as muscle mass maintenance, muscle exercise physiology, and muscle regeneration. In this article, we review potential regulatory roles of ERs and ERRs in muscle physiology, particularly with regard to mitochondrial function and metabolism.
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Cirsium Setidens Water Extracts Containing Linarin Block Estrogen Deprivation-Induced Bone Loss in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021620. [PMID: 36675135 PMCID: PMC9863805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is evident in postmenopausal women and is an osteolytic disease characterized by bone loss that further increases the susceptibility to bone fractures and frailty. The use of complementary therapies to alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis is fairly widespread among women. Edible Cirsium setidens contains various polyphenols of linarin, pectolinarin, and apigenin with antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. This study aimed to determine whether Cirsium setidens water extracts (CSEs), the component linarin, and its aglycone acacetin blocked ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss. This study employed OVX C57BL/6 female mice as a model for postmenopausal osteoporosis. CSEs, acacetin, or linarin was orally administrated to OVX mice at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Surgical estrogen loss in mice for 8 weeks reduced bone mineral density (BMD) of mouse femur and serum 17β-estradiol level and enhanced the serum receptor activator of NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio with uterine atrophy. CSEs and linarin reversed such adverse effects and enhanced femoral BMD in OVX mice. Oral administration of CSEs and linarin attenuated tartrate-resistant acid phosphate activity and the induction of αvβ3 integrins and proton suppliers in resorption lacunae in femoral bone tissue of OVX mice. In addition, CSEs and linarin curtailed the bone levels of cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase-9 responsible for osteoclastic bone resorption. On the other hand, CSEs and linarin enhanced the formation of trabecular bones in estrogen-deficient femur with increased induction of osteocalcin and osteopontin. Further, treatment with CSEs and linarin enhanced the collagen formation-responsive propeptide levels in the circulation along with the increase in the tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase level in bone exposed to OVX. Supplementing CSEs, acacetin, or linarin to OVX mice elevated the formation of collagen fibers in OVX trabecular bone, evidenced using Picrosirius red staining. Accordingly, CSEs and linarin were effective in retarding osteoclastic bone resorption and promoting osteoblastic bone matrix mineralization under OVX conditions. Therefore, linarin, which is abundant in CSEs, may be a natural compound for targeting postmenopausal osteoporosis and pathological osteoresorptive disorders.
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Mondockova V, Kovacova V, Zemanova N, Babikova M, Martiniakova M, Galbavy D, Omelka R. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Affect Osteoporosis-Related Traits and Response to Antiresorptive Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14010193. [PMID: 36672934 PMCID: PMC9858724 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the effect of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms (ApaI, TaqI, BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2) on bone mineral density (BMD), biochemical parameters and bone turnover markers, fracture prevalence, and response to three types of antiresorptive therapy (estrogen-progesterone, raloxifene, and ibandronate) in 356 postmenopausal women from Slovakia. Association analysis revealed a significant effect of BsmI polymorphism on lumbar spine BMD, serum osteocalcin (OC), and β-CrossLaps levels. While ApaI and Cdx2 polymorphisms were associated with OC and alkaline phosphatase, TaqI polymorphism affected all turnover markers. ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI genotypes increased the risk of spinal, radial, or total fractures with odds ratios ranging from 2.03 to 3.17. Each of therapy types evaluated had a beneficial effect on all osteoporosis-related traits; however, the VDR gene affected only ibandronate and raloxifene treatment. ApaI/aa, TaqI/TT, and BsmI/bb genotypes showed a weaker or no response to ibandronate therapy in femoral and spinal BMD. The impact of aforementioned polymorphisms on turnover markers was also genotype dependent. On the contrary, only TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms influenced raloxifene therapy, even only in lumbar spine BMD. These results point to the potential of using the VDR gene in personalized pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimira Mondockova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Kovacova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Nina Zemanova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martina Babikova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-376408737
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Dong L, Teh DBL, Kennedy BK, Huang Z. Unraveling female reproductive senescence to enhance healthy longevity. Cell Res 2023; 33:11-29. [PMID: 36588114 PMCID: PMC9810745 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In a society where women often want successful careers and equal opportunities to men, the early nature of ovarian aging often forces women to make difficult life choices between career and family development. Fertility in women begins to decline after the age of 37 years and it is rare for pregnancies to occur after 45. This reproductive decline in women is inevitable and culminates in menopause, which is a major driver of age-related diseases. In a world where biomedical advances are leading to modifiable biological outcomes, it is time to focus on mitigating female reproductive senescence to maintain fertility and preserve age-related hormonal functions, with the goal of providing increased life choices and enhancing healthspan. To date, reproductive longevity research remains an understudied field. More needs to be done to unravel the biology of the ovarian follicles, which are the functional units of reproductive lifespan and are comprised of cell types including the oocyte (female gamete) and a group of specialized supporting somatic cells. Biological attempts to maintain the quality and quantity of follicles in animal models through manipulating pathways involved in aging can potentially prolong female reproductive lifespan and healthspan. Here, we summarize the molecular events driving ovarian aging and menopause and the interventional strategies to offset these events. Developing solutions to female reproductive senescence will open doors to discover ways to enhance true healthy longevity for both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dong
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Boon Loong Teh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Bia Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian Keith Kennedy
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Bia Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Zhongwei Huang
- NUS Bia Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore.
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Association of the number of teeth and self-rated mastication with self-rated health in community-dwelling Japanese aged 40 years and older: the Yamagata cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21025. [PMID: 36471165 PMCID: PMC9722922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-rated health (SRH) is a predictive factor for health-related prognoses such as mortality. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the risk factors for poor SRH in the general population of Japan, focusing on the combination of the number of teeth and self-rated mastication. Individuals aged at least 40 years in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, were surveyed from 2017 to 2021. The participants answered a self-administered postal survey on lifestyle factors, medical history, physical and mental conditions, oral health, and dietary intake, and 6739 participants were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with less than 20 teeth and who bite tightly on one side or neither side were at a 1.422- and 1.952-fold significantly higher risk, respectively, of poor SRH than individuals with at least 20 teeth and who bite tightly on both sides. Moreover, individuals who had less than 20 teeth but could bite tightly on both sides did not have a significant risk compared to those who had at least 20 teeth and could bite tightly on both sides. Regarding individuals with more than 20 teeth, there was no difference between those who could and could not bite tightly on both sides, although the odds ratios for poor SRH tended to increase for those who could bite on one side or neither side. Our results emphasize the importance of having at least 20 teeth without periodontal disease and oral rehabilitation using a type of prosthesis for SRH, even with less than 20 teeth.
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Cao Z, Liu W, Bi B, Wu H, Cheng G, Zhao Z. Isoorientin ameliorates osteoporosis and oxidative stress in postmenopausal rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:2219-2228. [PMID: 36382865 PMCID: PMC9673777 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2142614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Isoorientin has many biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor. However, the effect of isoorientin on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of isoorientin on postmenopausal osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 5): sham, model, 17-β-oestradiol (E2, 10 μg/kg/day), low-dose isoorientin (L-Iso, 50 mg/kg), and high-dose isoorientin (H-Iso, 100 mg/kg). The rats were ovariectomized, treated by gavage daily for 12 weeks, and serum and femur samples were collected. Bone mineral density, bone metabolism, and oxidative stress were assessed. H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were employed. RESULTS Isoorientin improved the bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae (2.01 ± 0.05 g/cm3 in H-Iso group vs. 1.74 ± 0.07 g/cm3 in model group) and femur (1.46 ± 0.06 g/cm3 vs. 1.19 ± 0.03 g/cm3), increased the trabecular bone number (1.97 ± 0.03 vs. 1.18 ± 0.13) and thickness (0.27 ± 0.02 vs. 0.16 ± 0.03 mm). Isoorientin decreased the separation degree of trabecular bone, ameliorated bone histomorphology changes, and significantly improved the mechanical properties. Isoorientin diminished MDA (by 60%) and increased SOD (by 49.2%), and GSH-Px (by 159%) activity. Furthermore, osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2), haem oxygenase (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1(NQO1), and oestrogen receptor 1(ESR1) protein expression increased, while receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) protein expression decreased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Isoorientin ameliorates osteoporosis via upregulating OPG and Nrf2/ARE signalling, suggesting isoorientin maybe a potential therapeutic drug for PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Cao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Benjun Bi
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhao
- Department of Articulation surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Liang B, Burley G, Lin S, Shi YC. Osteoporosis pathogenesis and treatment: existing and emerging avenues. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:72. [PMID: 36058940 PMCID: PMC9441049 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOsteoporotic fractures lead to increased disability and mortality in the elderly population. With the rapid increase in the aging population around the globe, more effective treatments for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are urgently required. The underlying molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis are believed to be due to the increased activity of osteoclasts, decreased activity of osteoblasts, or both, which leads to an imbalance in the bone remodeling process with accelerated bone resorption and attenuated bone formation. Currently, the available clinical treatments for osteoporosis have mostly focused on factors influencing bone remodeling; however, they have their own limitations and side effects. Recently, cytokine immunotherapy, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy have become new approaches for the treatment of various diseases. This article reviews the latest research on bone remodeling mechanisms, as well as how this underpins current and potential novel treatments for osteoporosis.
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