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Lopes SS, Pericot-Valverde I, Dotherow JE, Lum PJ, Taylor LE, Mehta SH, Tsui JI, Feinberg J, Kim AY, Norton BL, Page K, Murray-Krezan C, Anderson J, Karasz A, Arnsten J, Moschella P, Heo M, Litwin AH. Effect of self-efficacy among persons who inject drugs treated with direct-acting antivirals on Hepatitis C treatment initiation, duration, completion, adherence, and cure. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 262:111384. [PMID: 38991632 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-efficacy, a patient-level factor, has been shown to facilitate patient engagement in treatment and optimize treatment-related outcomes in various health contexts. Research on interventions supporting hepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment uptake and adherence among persons who inject drugs (PWID) is needed, but whether self-efficacy factors influence DAA treatment cascade outcomes in this population has been less studied. METHODS Using the HERO study data, we analyzed a subset of participants with any general health self-efficacy data (n=708) measured at baseline and end-of-treatment time points using a 5-items instrument (facets: 'goal setting', 'goal attainment', 'having a positive effect', 'being in control', and 'working to improve'). The cascade outcomes included DAA treatment initiation, duration, adherence, completion, and sustained virologic response (SVR). The effect of baseline and change (Δ) scores for composite and item-level self-efficacy on the cascade outcomes was assessed using logistic regression and generalized linear models. RESULTS Higher baseline composite self-efficacy [adjusted odds ratio (95 % confidence interval) =1.57 (1.07, 2.29)], 'goal attainment' [1.31 (1.03, 1.67)] and 'having a positive effect' [1.33 (1.03, 1.74)] were associated with greater likelihood of treatment initiation. 'Δ Goal attainment' was significantly associated with SVR [1.63 (1.04, 2.53)]. 'Δ Being in control' and 'Δ working to improve' were associated with treatment adherence and duration, respectively. CONCLUSIONS General health self-efficacy positively influences DAA treatment initiation among PWID. 'Goal attainment' facilitates the achievement of DAA treatment-related outcomes. Further studies should assess the effect of self-efficacy related to performing healthcare tasks specific to DAAs on the treatment-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal S Lopes
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Irene Pericot-Valverde
- Department of Psychology, College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - J Edward Dotherow
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Paula J Lum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Lynn E Taylor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Shruti H Mehta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E6546, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Judith I Tsui
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Judith Feinberg
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 930 Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Arthur Y Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brianna L Norton
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Kimberly Page
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, MSC 10 5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Cristina Murray-Krezan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jessica Anderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, MSC 10 5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Alison Karasz
- UMass Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave, North Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Julia Arnsten
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Phillip Moschella
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Prisma Health, Greenville, SC, USA; School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA; Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 876 W Faris Rd, Greenville, SC 29605, USA
| | - Moonseong Heo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Alain H Litwin
- School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA; Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 876 W Faris Rd, Greenville, SC 29605, USA; Department of Medicine, Prisma Health, Greenville, SC, USA.
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Miller KL, Mccoy K, Richards C, Seaman A, Solimeo SL. Engagement in Primary Prevention Program among Rural Veterans With Osteoporosis Risk. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10682. [PMID: 36248271 PMCID: PMC9549732 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A primary osteoporosis prevention program using a virtual bone health team (BHT) was implemented to comanage the care of rural veterans in the Mountain West region of the United States. The BHT identified, screened, and treated rural veterans at risk for osteoporosis using telephone and United States Postal Service communications. Eligibility was determined by regular use of Veterans Health Administration primary care, age 50 or older, and evidence of fracture risk. This study was conducted to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with the acceptance of osteoporosis screening and the initiation of medication where indicated. A cross-sectional cohort design (N = 6985) was utilized with a generalized estimating equation and logit link function to account for facility-level clustering. Fully saturated and reduced models were fitted using backward selection. Less than a quarter of eligible veterans enrolled in BHT's program and completed screening. Factors associated with a lower likelihood of clinic enrollment included being of older age, unmarried, greater distance from VHA services, having a copayment, prior fracture, or history of rheumatoid arthritis. A majority of veterans with treatment indication started medication therapy (N = 453). In this subpopulation, Fisher's exact test showed a significant association between osteoporosis treatment uptake and a history of two or more falls in the prior year, self-reported parental history of fracture, current smoking, and weight-bearing exercise. The BHT was designed to reduce barriers to screening; however, for this population cost and travel continue to limit engagement. The remarkable rate of medication initiation notwithstanding, low enrollment reduces the impact of this primary prevention program, and findings pertaining to fracture, smoking, and exercise imply that health beliefs are an important contributing factor. Efforts to identify and address barriers to osteoporosis screening and treatment, such as clinical factors, social determinants of health, and health beliefs, may pave the way for effective implementation of population bone health care delivery systems. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L. Miller
- VHA Office of Rural Health, Veterans Rural Health Resource Center‐Salt Lake City, Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology SectionVeterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care SystemSalt Lake CityUtahUSA,Associate Professor (Clinical) of Medicine, Division of RheumatologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Kimberly Mccoy
- VHA Office of Rural Health, Veterans Rural Health Resource Center‐Iowa City (VRHRC‐IC), Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE)Veterans Affairs Iowa City VHA Health Care SystemIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Chris Richards
- VHA Office of Rural Health, Veterans Rural Health Resource Center‐Iowa City (VRHRC‐IC), Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE)Department of Veterans Affairs Iowa City VHA Health Care SystemIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Aaron Seaman
- VHA Office of Rural Health, Veterans Rural Health Resource Center‐Iowa City (VRHRC‐IC)Veterans Affairs Iowa City VHA Health Care SystemIowa CityIowaUSA,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Samantha L. Solimeo
- VHA Office of Rural Health, Veterans Rural Health Resource Center‐Iowa City (VRHRC‐IC), Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Primary Care Analytics Team Iowa City (PCAT‐IC)Veterans Affairs Iowa City VHA Health Care SystemIowa CityIowaUSA,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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Precise Construction of Injectable Bioactive Glass/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite Hydrogels Promising to Repair the Shoulder Joint Head for Hemiarthroplasty. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gemmeke M, Koster ES, Janatgol O, Taxis K, Bouvy ML. Pharmacy fall prevention services for the community-dwelling elderly: Patient engagement and expectations. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:1450-1461. [PMID: 34137103 PMCID: PMC9290894 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Medication use is an important risk factor for falls. Community pharmacists should therefore organise fall prevention care; however, little is known about patients' expectations of such services. This qualitative study aims to explore the expectations of community-dwelling older patients regarding fall prevention services provided by community pharmacies. Telephone intakes, followed by three focus groups, were conducted with 17 patients, who were aged ≥75 years, used at least one fall risk-increasing drug (FRID) and were registered at a community pharmacy in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Some time of the focus groups was spent on playing a game involving knowledge questions and activities to stimulate discussion of topics related to falling. Data were collected between January 2020 and April 2020, and all focus groups were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The precaution adoption process model (PAPM) was applied during data analysis. Patients who had already experienced a fall more often mentioned that they took precautions to prevent falling. In general, patients were unaware that their medication use could increase their fall risk. Therefore, they did not expect pharmacists to play a role in fall prevention. However, many patients were interested in deprescribing. Patients also wanted to be informed about which medication could increase fall risk. In conclusion, although patients initially did not see a role for pharmacists in fall prevention, their perception changed when they were informed about the potential fall risk-increasing effects of some medications. Patients expected pharmacists to focus on drug-related interventions to reduce fall risk, such as deprescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marle Gemmeke
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ellen S. Koster
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Obaid Janatgol
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Katja Taxis
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics (PTEE)Faculty of Science and EngineeringGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marcel L. Bouvy
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Adami G, Fassio A, Gatti D, Viapiana O, Benini C, Danila MI, Saag KG, Rossini M. Osteoporosis in 10 years time: a glimpse into the future of osteoporosis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221083541. [PMID: 35342458 PMCID: PMC8941690 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221083541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients living with osteoporosis are projected to increase dramatically in the
next decade. Alongside the forecasted increased societal and economic burden, we
will live a crisis of fractures. However, we will have novel pharmacological
treatment to face this crisis and, more importantly, new optimized treatment
strategies. Fracture liaison services will be probably implemented on a large
scale worldwide, helping to prevent additional fractures in high-risk patients.
In the next decade, novel advances in the diagnostic tools will be largely
available. Moreover, new and more precise fracture risk assessment tools will
change our ability to detect patients at high risk of fractures. Finally, big
data and artificial intelligence will help us to move forward into the world of
precision medicine. In the present review, we will discuss the future
epidemiology and costs of osteoporosis, the advances in early and accurate
diagnosis of osteoporosis, with a special focus on biomarkers and imaging tools.
Then we will examine new and refined fracture risk assessment tools, the role of
fracture liaison services, and a future perspective on osteoporosis
treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Adami
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Pz Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Fassio
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Gatti
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria I. Danila
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kenneth G. Saag
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Miller MJ, Jou T, Danila MI, Mudano AS, Rahn EJ, Outman RC, Saag KG. Use of path modeling to inform a clinical decision support application to encourage osteoporosis medication use. Res Social Adm Pharm 2020; 17:1267-1275. [PMID: 33011082 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis medication use is suboptimal. Simple interventions personalized to a patients' stage of readiness are needed to encourage osteoporosis medication use. OBJECTIVES To estimate interrelationships of sociodemographic factors, perceived fracture risk, health literacy, receipt of medication information, medication trust and readiness to use osteoporosis medication; and apply observed relationships to inform design specifications for a clinical decision support application that can be used for personalized patient counseling. METHODS Data from a national sample of older women (n = 1759) with self-reported history of fractures and no current use of osteoporosis medication treatment were used to estimate an acceptable path model that describes associations among key sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, perceived fracture risk, receipt of osteoporosis medication information within the past year, trust in osteoporosis medications, and readiness to use osteoporosis medication. Path model results were used to inform an application for personalized patient counseling that can be easily integrated into clinical decision support systems. RESULTS Increased age (β = 0.13), trust for medications (β = 0.12), higher perceived fracture risk (β = 0.21), and having received medication information within the past year (β = 0.21) were all positively associated with readiness to use osteoporosis medication (p < 0.0001). Whereas, health literacy (β = -0.09) was inversely associated with readiness to use osteoporosis medication (p < 0.0001). Using these results, a brief 6-item question set was constructed for simple integration into clinical decision support applications. Patient responses were used to inform a provider dashboard that integrates a patient's stage of readiness for osteoporosis medication use, predictors of readiness, and personalized counseling points appropriate to their stage of readiness. CONCLUSION Content of counseling strategies must be aligned with a patient's stage of readiness to use treatment. Path modeling can be effectively used to identify factors for inclusion in an evidenced-based clinical decision support application designed to assist providers with personalized patient counseling and osteoporosis medication use decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Miller
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute (MAPRI), 2101 East Jefferson Street, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
| | - Tzuchen Jou
- PGY1 Pharmacy Resident, Memorial Hermann Southwest Hospital, Houston, TX, 77074, USA.
| | - Maria I Danila
- Medicine - Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2182, USA.
| | - Amy S Mudano
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2182, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J Rahn
- Department of Medical Education, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2182, USA.
| | - Ryan C Outman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, UAB Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2182, USA.
| | - Kenneth G Saag
- Medicine - Immunology and Rheumatology, Vice Chair, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-2182, USA.
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Health Literacy of Osteoporosis Risks among Caregivers Serving in Disability Care Facilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134903. [PMID: 32646011 PMCID: PMC7369741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a global public health issue and its consequent effects are a growing concern worldwide. Caregivers generally experience occupational physical ailments and they have less of a tendency to engage in preventive health behaviors, leading them to be in a higher risk group for osteoporosis. This study aims to present a general profile of health literacy related to osteoporosis risks and identify its associated factors among disability institutional caregivers. A cross-sectional study with a structured questionnaire was used to collect information on 465 caregivers from seven disability care institutions regarding their awareness of the health literacy related to osteoporosis risks. The results indicate that the average literacy score related to osteoporosis risks among the respondents was 60 points (full score is 80 points), with 50–59 being the most common range (51.9%), followed by 60–69 points (43.5%), and 4.4% of cases had more than 70 points. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that respondents’ age (40–49 vs. 18–29; odds ratio (OR) = 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.31–4.87), education level (senior high vs. primary and junior high, OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.03–3.89; college and above vs. primary and junior high, OR = 3.66, 95% CI = 1.84–7.31), experience in undergoing a bone density test (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.28–2.93), and poor physical fitness status (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.43–0.95) were the significant predictors of the osteoporosis health literacy level. The osteoporosis health literacy of institutional caregivers is moderate, and there are many items that are worthy of attention in future health promotion programs. This study highlights risk factors related to a lower level of osteoporosis healthy literacy such as older age, less education, no experience of bone density test, and poor physical fitness that highlight the need to raise further awareness in order to improve caregivers’ bone health.
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