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Das S, Konwar BK. Influence of connatural factors in shaping vaginal microflora and ensuring its health. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:871-886. [PMID: 37676318 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal canal (VC) is exposed to the external environment affected by habitual factors like hygiene and sexual behaviour as well as physiological factors like puberty, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, child birth and menopause. Healthy VC harbours beneficial microflora supported by vaginal epithelium and cervical fluid. Connatural antimicrobial peptide (AMPs) of female reproductive tract (FRT) conjunctly with these beneficial microbes provide protection from a large number of infectious diseases. Such infections may either be caused by native microbes of the VC or transitory microbes like bacteria or virus which are not a part of VC microflora. This review highlight's the role of hormones, enzymes, innate immunological factors, epithelial cells and vaginal mucus that support beneficial microbes over infectious ones thus, helping to maintain homeostasis in VC and further protect the FRT. We also discuss the prospective use of vaginal probiotics and AMPs against pathogens which can serve as a potential cure for vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreaya Das
- Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Bolin K Konwar
- Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India
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2
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Avitabile E, Menotti L, Giordani B, Croatti V, Parolin C, Vitali B. Vaginal Lactobacilli Supernatants Protect from Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection in Cell Culture Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2492. [PMID: 38473739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A healthy vaginal microbiota hosts Lactobacillus as the most predominant genus. Lactobacilli play a role in human health through the production of diverse antimicrobial substances that can act against human pathogens or modulate the immune system. Previous reports highlighted the ability of vaginal lactobacilli to counteract viruses causing STIs, e.g., HIV-1 and HSV-2. In this report, we analyze the activity of supernatants of vaginal lactobacilli against HSV-1 infection, which is becoming increasingly relevant as a STI. We show that the supernatants of two vaginal Lactobacillus species (i.e., L. crispatus and L. gasseri) were active at neutralizing HSV-1 infection in two different cell lines of human and simian origin. Specifically, we demonstrate that L. crispatus strains are the most effective in antiviral activity, as evidenced by the comparison with a vaginal pathogen taken as reference. The effect was specific and not attributable to the generic toxicity of the supernatants to the cells. Our results pave the way for the development of probiotics to limit the impact of HSV-1 infection on women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Avitabile
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Menotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Giordani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vanessa Croatti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Parolin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Vitali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Ebneali F, Shayestehpour M, Piroozmand A, Sedaghat H, Yazdani S, Fateminasab Z. In vitro evaluation of inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri supernatant on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and expression of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:90-96. [PMID: 38682053 PMCID: PMC11055432 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Human herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen that is infected more than 70% of the world population. The increasing of viral resistance to antiviral drugs and the emergence of side effects has motivated researchers to study the use of probiotics as new antiviral agents. The aim of the present study was to study for the first time the potential antiviral activity of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) supernatant against HSV-1. Materials and Methods After measuring the cytotoxicity of L. reuteri supernatant by MTT assay, 1:16 dilution of it was added to HeLa cells before and after HSV-1 infection, after 1.5 hours incubation with HSV-1, and simultaneously with HSV-1 infection. After 48 hours of incubation at 37°C, the viral titer and expression levels of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes were measured by tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50 ) and Real-Time PCR methods, respectively. Results HSV-1 titer in the treatment conditions before infection, incubation with HSV-1, simultaneously with infection and after infection was reduced by 0.42, 3.42, 1.83, and 0.83 log 10 TCID50/ml, respectively. When the bacterial supernatant was first incubated with the virus and then added to the cell, or when it was added simultaneously with the virus, the expression of the UL27, UL52, and UL54 genes decreased significantly (p<0.05). When the bacterial supernatant is added to the cell before or after virus infection, the expression of UL52 and UL54 genes does not change significantly (P>0.05). Conclusion The study findings indicated that the supernatant of L. reuteri has a potent anti-HSV-1 effect especially if it is incubated with the virus before inoculation into the cell. Its possible antiviral mechanism is to inhibit the virus by binding to it or changing the surface structure of the virus. Metabolites of L. reuteri can be considered as a novel inhibitor of HSV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Ebneali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shayestehpour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Piroozmand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Sedaghat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Yazdani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahrasadat Fateminasab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Ansari F, Lee CC, Rashidimehr A, Eskandari S, Ashaolu TJ, Mirzakhani E, Pourjafar H, Jafari SM. The Role of Probiotics in Improving Food Safety: Inactivation of Pathogens and Biological Toxins. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:962-980. [PMID: 37264621 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230601141627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, many advances have been made in avoiding food contamination by numerous pathogenic and toxigenic microorganisms. Many studies have shown that different probiotics, in addition to having beneficial effects on the host's health, have a very good ability to eliminate and neutralize pathogens and their toxins in foods which leads to enhanced food safety. The present review purposes to comprehensively discuss the role of probiotics in improving food safety by inactivating pathogens (bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasite agents) and neutralizing their toxins in food products. Some recent examples in terms of the anti-microbial activities of probiotics in the body after consuming contaminated food have also been mentioned. This review shows that different probiotics have the potential to inactivate pathogens and neutralize and detoxify various biological agents in foods, as well as in the host body after consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Ansari
- Department of Agricultural Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran. Iran
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Chi-Ching Lee
- Department of Food Engineering, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey
| | - Azadeh Rashidimehr
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Soheyl Eskandari
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center (FDLRC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH+ME), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Esmaeel Mirzakhani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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5
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In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of Shouchella clausii probiotic strain and bacterial supernatant against herpes simplex virus type 1. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:522. [PMID: 35879582 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is an important human neurotropic virus infecting 70% of the world population. Due to the emergence of viral resistance via mutations in HSV-1 genes and some of the adverse effects of antiviral compounds, there is a growing need for safe, novel, and effective therapeutic and preventive strategies. The aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time the potential antiviral activity of Shouchella clausii probiotic strain and bacterial supernatant against HSV-1. The MTT assay was used to determine the possible cytotoxicity of the S. clausii and bacterial supernatant. Vero cells were treated by S. clausii, bacterial supernatant, and HSV-1 under pre-treatment (incubation of Vero cells with S. clausii then HSV-1 inoculation), pre-incubation (mixture of co-incubated HSV-1/S. clausii added to Vero cell), competition (adding HSV-1 and S. clausii into Vero cells simultaneously) and post-treatment (Vero cells inoculated with HSV-1 then incubated with S. clausii) assays. Viral titer reduction (TCID50) and viral DNA relative quantification by real-time PCR were measured in each experimental condition. The results indicated that S. clausii and its supernatant had the greatest inhibitory activity toward HSV-1 in pre-treatment assay. The HSV-1 titer treated with S. clausii, and bacterial supernatant was 3.6 and 2.2 Log10TCID50/mL lower compared to the control (7.66 Log10TCID50/mL). Results showed an antiviral effect of S. clausii and its supernatant. S. clausii could be considered as a novel inhibitor for HSV-1 infection.
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Gohil K, Samson R, Dastager S, Dharne M. Probiotics in the prophylaxis of COVID-19: something is better than nothing. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:1. [PMID: 33262924 PMCID: PMC7690945 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The new viral pandemic of COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that has brought the world at another unprecedented crisis in terms of health and economy. The lack of specific therapeutics necessitates other strategies to prevent the spread of infection caused by this previously unknown viral etiological agent. Recent pieces of evidence have shown an association between COVID-19 disease and intestinal dysbiosis. Probiotics comprise living microbes that upon oral administration benefit human health by reshaping the composition of gut microbiota. The close kinship of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract suggests why the dysfunction of one may incite illness in others. The emerging studies suggest the capability of probiotics to regulate immune responses in the respiratory system. The efficacy of probiotics has been studied previously on several respiratory tract viral infections. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comprehend existing information on the gut mediated-pulmonary immunity conferred by probiotic bacteria, in the course of respiratory virus infections and administration as a prophylactic measure in COVID-19 pandemic in managing intestinal dysbiosis as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Gohil
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
| | - Rachel Samson
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
| | - Syed Dastager
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
| | - Mahesh Dharne
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra 411008 India
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Mechanistic insights into the action of probiotics against bacterial vaginosis and its mediated preterm birth: An overview. Microb Pathog 2020; 141:104029. [PMID: 32014462 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human body is a reservoir of numerous micro-creatures; whose role is substantial and indispensable in the overall development of human beings. The advances in omic approaches have offered powerful means to decipher the core microbiome and metabolome diversities in a specific organ system. The establishment of lactobacilli in the female reproductive tract is thought to be a paramount prerequisite that maintains homeostatic conditions for a sustainable and healthy pregnancy. Nevertheless, a plethora of such Lactobacillus strains of vaginal source revealed probiotic phenotypes. The plummeting in the occurrence of lactobacilli in the vaginal ecosystem is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). One such pathological condition is "Bacterial Vaginosis" (BV), a pathogen dominated gynecological threat. In this scenario, the ascending traffic of notorious Gram-negative/variable BV pathogens to the uterus is one of the proposed pathways that give rise to inflammation-related APOs like preterm birth. Since antibiotic resistance is aggravating among urogenital pathogens, the probiotics intervention remains one of the alternative biotherapeutic strategies to overcome BV and its associated APOs. Perhaps, the increased inclination towards the safer and natural biotherapeutic strategies rather than pharmaceutical drugs for maintaining gestational and reproductive health resulted in the use of probiotics in pregnancy diets. In this context, the current review is an attempt to highlight the microbiome and metabolites signatures of BV and non-BV vaginal ecosystem, inflammation or infection-related preterm birth, host-microbial interactions, role and effectiveness of probiotics to fight against aforesaid diseased conditions.
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Szöllősi A, Raffai T, Bogdanov A, Endrész V, Párducz L, Somogyvári F, Janovák L, Burián K, Virok DP. Correlation between detergent activity and anti-herpes simplex virus-2 activity of commercially available vaginal gels. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:52. [PMID: 32005126 PMCID: PMC6995179 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-4918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infections are almost exclusively sexually transmitted. The presence of vaginal gels during sexual activity may have a significant positive or negative impact on viral transmission. Therefore we investigated three off-the-shelf vaginal lubricants and one pH restoring gel to evaluate their impact on HSV-2 replication. RESULTS HeLa cells were infected with untreated virions and virions incubated with the particular gels. The accumulation of viral genomes was monitored by quantitative PCR (qPCR) method at 24 h post infection. Two of the tested gels had no significant effect on HSV-2 replication at the maximum applied concentration, while two had a strong inhibitory effect (~ 98% reduction of replication). The replication inhibitory effect was observed at various multiplicity of infection (MOI 0.4-6.4) and the two inhibitory gels were also capable of inhibiting the HSV-2 induced cytopathic effect on HeLa cells. The surface tension decreasing activity-an indication of detergent activity-was strongly correlated with the anti-HSV-2 activity of the gels (R2: 0.88). Our results indicate that off-the-shelf vaginal gels have a markedly different anti-HSV-2 activity that may influence HSV-2 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Szöllősi
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Gál Ferenc College, Szent István st. 17-19, Gyula, 5700, Hungary
| | - Tímea Raffai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Anita Bogdanov
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Valéria Endrész
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - László Párducz
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Gál Ferenc College, Szent István st. 17-19, Gyula, 5700, Hungary.,Pándy Kálmán County Hospital, Semmelweis st. 1, Gyula, 5700, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Somogyvári
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - László Janovák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla sqr. 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Katalin Burián
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Dezső P Virok
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm sqr. 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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9
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Homologous Expression and Characterization of Gassericin T and Gassericin S, a Novel Class IIb Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA327. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02815-18. [PMID: 30610075 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02815-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus gasseri LA327, isolated from the large intestine tissue in humans, is a bacteriocinogenic strain with two kinds of class IIb bacteriocin structural genes, i.e., those for gassericin T (GT) and acidocin LF221A (Acd LF221A). In this study, DNA sequencing of the genes for GT and Acd LF221A from L. gasseri LA327 revealed that the amino acid sequences for GT corresponded with those for GT genes, except for GatK (histidine kinase). However, Acd LF221A genes had analogues which differed in at least one amino acid residue, to encode a class IIb bacteriocin designated gassericin S (GS). The LA327 strain retained antimicrobial activity after the deletion of the GT structural genes (gatAX); however, both GS and GT activities were lost by deletion of the putative ABC transporter gene (gatT). This indicates that the LA327 strain produces GS and GT and that GS secretion is performed via GT genes with the inclusion of gatT Homologous expression using deletion mutants of GS and GT, each containing a single peptide, elucidated that GS (GasAX) and GT (GatAX) showed synergistic activity as class IIb bacteriocins and that no synergistic activity was observed between GS and GT peptides. The molecular mass of GS was estimated to be theoretical ca. 5,400 Da by in situ activity assay after SDS-PAGE, clarifying that GS was actually expressed as an active class IIb bacteriocin. Furthermore, the stability of expressed GS to pH, heat, and protease was determined.IMPORTANCE Bacteriocins are regarded as potential alternatives for antibiotics in the absence of highly resistant bacteria. In particular, two-peptide (class IIb) bacteriocins exhibit the maximum activity through the synergy of two components, and their antimicrobial spectra are known to be relatively wide. However, there are few reports of synergistic activity of class IIb bacteriocins determined by isolation and purification of individual peptides. Our results clarified the interaction of each class IIb component peptide for GT and GS via the construction of homologous mutants, which were not dependent on the purification. These data may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of action by which class IIb bacteriocins exhibit wide antibacterial spectra.
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Mohseni AH, Taghinezhad-S S, Keyvani H, Ghobadi N. Comparison of Acyclovir and Multistrain Lactobacillus brevis in Women with Recurrent Genital Herpes Infections: a Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Study. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 10:740-747. [PMID: 28852985 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We performed a randomized double-blind controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety of multistrain probiotic and acyclovir in women patients with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections. Eighty-one patients enrolled in the study were being treated with multistrain Lactobacillus brevis one vaginal capsule every 12 h and oral acyclovir 400 mg twice daily for 6 months. Of 53 patients who completed both treatment courses, no important differences were identified between acyclovir and probiotic for the primary and secondary efficacy endpoint, resolution of episode (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.3429 to 1.0663; P = 0.08), lesion healing time (hazard ratio, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.3034 to 1.0717, P = 0.08), viral shedding (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.3027 to 0.9750, P = 0.04), and percentage of pain (hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.2708 to 0.8545, P = 0.01). The median time to first and second recurrence after treatment were 43 and 121 days in patients receiving acyclovir and 33 and 118 days in patients receiving probiotic (HR 2.61; 95% CI, 1.4427 to 4.7546, P = 0.001, and HR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.3500 to 1.1133, P = 0.1, respectively). No clinically important effects happened during the probiotic treatment but some of adverse events reported in patients taking acyclovir. Easy availability, low cost, and no side effect of L. brevis are valuable properties of probiotic therapy compared with acyclovir. Therefore, we concluded that multistrain L. brevis could play an important role in suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Research and Development (R&D) Department, Keyvan Virology Specialty Laboratory (KVSL), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Taghinezhad-S
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. .,Research and Development (R&D) Department, Keyvan Virology Specialty Laboratory (KVSL), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Research and Development (R&D) Department, Keyvan Virology Specialty Laboratory (KVSL), Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Ghobadi
- Research and Development (R&D) Department, Keyvan Virology Specialty Laboratory (KVSL), Tehran, Iran
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11
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Immunobiosis and probiosis: antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria with a focus on their antiviral and antifungal properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9949-9958. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Zaylaa M, Al Kassaa I, Alard J, Peucelle V, Boutillier D, Desramaut J, Dabboussi F, Pot B, Grangette C. Probiotics in IBD: Combining in vitro and in vivo models for selecting strains with both anti-inflammatory potential as well as a capacity to restore the gut epithelial barrier. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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13
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Arena MP, Elmastour F, Sane F, Drider D, Fiocco D, Spano G, Hober D. Inhibition of coxsackievirus B4 by Lactobacillus plantarum. Microbiol Res 2018; 210:59-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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Poluektova EU, Yunes RA, Epiphanova MV, Orlova VS, Danilenko VN. The Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus fermentum strains from human biotopes characterized with MLST and toxin-antitoxin gene polymorphism. Arch Microbiol 2017; 199:683-690. [PMID: 28213763 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diversity of Lb. rhamnosus and Lb. fermentum strains isolated from feces, saliva, and the vaginal cavity of 18-22-year-old healthy women residing in central regions of the Russian Federation has been characterized. The results obtained using multilocus sequence typing were identical to those obtained with the analysis of genetic and genomic polymorphism in TA systems. Different as well as identical Lb. rhamnosus and Lb. fermentum sequence types (ST) were isolated from various parts of the body of the same person. Identical ST were also isolated from different women, suggesting that such strains belong to a common pool of strains circulating among the population members. Our results demonstrate that TAs are suitable for characterizing intra-specific diversity of Lb. rhamnosus and Lb. fermentum strains. The advantage of using polymorphisms in TA systems for genotyping is based on the weak number of genes used, and consequently, less time is required for the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E U Poluektova
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, GSP-1, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
| | - R A Yunes
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, GSP-1, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation. .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklai Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
| | - M V Epiphanova
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, GSP-1, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
| | - V S Orlova
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklai Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - V N Danilenko
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, GSP-1, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
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15
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Abstract
In recent decades, probiotics have shown beneficial effects on animal and human health. Probiotics can protect the host against several health threats, including infectious diseases. Before 1995, researchers believed that the effect of probiotics was only on gut microbiota which can restore the gut flora and thus prevent pathogenic bacteria from triggering gastroenteritis. Recent studies have shown that the immunomodulatory activity is the most important mechanism of action of probiotics. From this information, researchers started to evaluate the effect of some immunobiotics, not only on pathogenic bacteria but also on viruses, including enteric and respiratory viruses. Several studies have confirmed the potential antiviral activity of some probiotics due to the immunomodulatory effect. These studies were conducted on humans (clinical trials) and in animal models. In this chapter, probiotics with antiviral effect against respiratory and enteric viruses will be presented and discussed, as well as their mechanisms of action.
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Belguesmia Y, Domenger D, Caron J, Dhulster P, Ravallec R, Drider D, Cudennec B. Novel probiotic evidence of lactobacilli on immunomodulation and regulation of satiety hormones release in intestinal cells. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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